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TRANSCRIPT
© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
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Introduction to CiscoVideo Surveillance
Eric Germany
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Agenda
Traditional Video Surveillance Technology
Video Surveillance Technology Convergence Factors
IP-Based Video Surveillance Technology
Cisco Video Surveillance Products
Cisco IP Cameras
Demo
Summary/Q and A
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“…the physical security environment has been dominated by analog, stand alone control systems with limited interconnectivity, digital communications, or integrated management capability.”
Trends 2007: Physical and Logical Security ConvergenceForrester Research
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Traditional Safety and Communication Systems
Radio
Access— Buildings
Paging Video
Monitoring Alarms
Voice
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Example: Safety Incident with Traditional Systems
Professor calls safety office to initiate response
protocol.
1
Fire department closes building and calls for
Hazmat.
3
Safety officer calls fire department.
2
Dean e-mails students to tell them class is
canceled in science building.
4 5
Hazmat finds fumes are toxic & nearby areas
are affected. Calls Dean.
Dean calls mayor to tell of community
impact.
6
Mayor sends police to evacuate neighborhoods.
7
Nearby elementary school starts calling parents.
8
In-transit students show up to the building for
class.
9
Chemical Spill at College Science Building Sends Fumes in the Air
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Traditional Systems Response
Actions are linearCommunication and
decision support systems
are independent
Relies heavily on
human intervention
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“Convergence is not about the unification of security into one environment, but about collaboration between environments.”
Trends 2007: Physical and Logical Security ConvergenceForrester Research
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Networked Technologies Access Control
Video Training
Digital Signage
Unified
Communications
Conferencing and Collaboration
PSAP Integration
Acoustic and Motion Sensors
Building
System Monitoring
Video Surveillance
Visitor Management
Radio
Interoperability
First Responder
Monitoring
Campus Transportation Monitoring
Location-
Based Services
IP
Network
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Safety Incident: Converged SystemsChemical Sensors Note Incident in College Science Building and Trigger Notifications via Multiple
Mediums
Dean
College Safety Department
Local fire
department
Local Police Department
Parents of Children in Nearby
School
Nearby School
Hazmat
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Converged Systems Response
Actions occur
in parallel Communication and decision
support systems are connected
and trigger policy-related
responses
Less dependent on human
intervention
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Comparison of Analog and IP Video
Analog IP
Wired and wireless cameras for anytime, anywhere surveillance on campus
Video recorded digitally for immediate access, enabling real-time incident response, investigation, and resolution on campus
Control and monitoring can be transferred to any other point on the network
Feeds can be digitally monitored to detect and flag incidents
Supports existing analog cameras or newer, IP-based cameras Flexibility to add sensors and apply analytics (e.g., facial recognition detection)
Network keeps operating, even if one link or switch goes down Every device can be continuously monitored, and an alarm raised if anything fails
Open, standards-based infrastructure enables deployment of new security applications and maximizes value of total system
Lowest total cost of ownership
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Overview of Video Surveillance Technology
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Video Surveillance System Components: Matrix Switchers
Routes multiple audio/video input signals to multiple output signals Facilitates the switching of more than one camera or VCR/DVR to more than one
monitor or VCR/DVR Centralized resource in what is most commonly a Star based topology Support for remote monitoring is enabled by extending a link from the matrix and
commonly faces a multitude of physical and cost related challenges Range in size from one RU to a dozen or more 19” equipment racks Expensive, frequently comparable on a price per port basis with large scale
Ethernet switches
PTZ
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Video Surveillance System Components: Storage/Recording
Video Camera Recorder (VCR)Outdated Technology, Poor reliability, requires manual operations
Digital Video Recorder (DVR) Digitally compresses analog feeds onto a hard drive. “Digital" refers to the compression and storage, not transmission. Most likely collocated with the analog feed it records. Typically based on COTS PC hardware with vendor specific software. Frequently used as little more than a “Digital VCR”
Network Video Recorder (NVR) Streams have already been digitally encoded and compressed at the camera/encoder. Can be PC software-based or appliance
Can be located anywhere on a network—the monitoring center, adjacent to cameras, or in a hardened environment. Location is transparent to the operator
Record and replay simultaneously, and recordings can be simultaneously viewed by multiple operators spread across the network
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Video Surveillance System Components: Cameras
Fixed CamerasType 1—lenses of different focal lengths and/or fixed or variable irises. Flexible configuration and used in most commercial CCTV systems
Type 2—fixed lens mounted on a camera circuit board (board camera), packaged in a small case, dome or tube
Low cost solution, particularly in a home or retail environment
Pan, Tilt, Zoom CamerasRotate horizontally 360°, vertically through 90° with powered zoom can be set to auto-scan or move through range of pre-sets and zooms in weatherproof domes when used outside
Analog CamerasUse a continuous signal vs. digital, breaks everything into numbers
Scan viewing area a line at a time and convert the varying intensities of red, green and blue (RGB) light into analogous electrical signals
IP CamerasEquipped with an electronic photosensitive sensor
Typically supports multiple users, and web browser accessible
Located anywhere with a network connection (Wired/Wireless)
Few are actually natively digital
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Video Surveillance System Components: Transmission Media
Coaxial cabling (75Ω)Most popular cable used
90%–99% EMI protection
Fiber OpticCapable of longer distances
No interference
Immune to EMI—Better for outdoor
Resists lightning strikes
Twisted PairCAT5/5e/6
Easiest to install
Requires transmitter and receiver
Baluns—From Coax to UTP/UTP to Coax
Cabling is more important with Video than most realize!
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Video Surveillance System Components: Analytics
Security Operators cannot effectively monitor multiple video monitors simultaneously. Studies have shown a 95% drop off in event detection after only 22 minutes of observation
Analytics process video to detect events
Integrated IP-based analytics: Real time at the Camera or Encoder (IP Gateway)
Post-processing from an operator's PC on recorded video
Identify events as they occur and provide tools to analyze previous situations.
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Video Surveillance System Components: Analytics
Erratic/suspicious behavior—stopping at more than one car in a parking lot
Congestion detection—too many people in a space
Motion detection—object/person moving across a scene
Abandoned object detection—suitcase abandoned in airport
Wrong Way flow—object/person moving against a route
Tripwire—detection and alarm upon breach of a defined line
Shape-based detection—vehicle detection
Object missing detection—object removed from a scene
Sample Algorithms/Behavior Detection:
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Video CODECs
Image Based:JPEG/JPEG2000 (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)
MJPEG (Motion JPEG) (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)
Wavelet (Typically measured in Thousands of Bytes)
Video Based:MPEG-2 (Typically 2–20 Mbps)*
MPEG-4 (Part 2) (Typically ~3 Mbps)**
H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10 + Higher Coding efficiency) (Typically 40-50% less than MPEG-4 equivalent)***
Compression
Less
More
Less
More
Compression
*Used for numerous applications and quality levels
**Four CIF at 25–30 Frames Per Second
***Four CIF at 25–30 Frames Per Second (CPU and Option Specific)
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Video Resolutions
Motion JPEGDI 4CIF CIF
720x576 720x480 704x576 704x480 352x288 352x2401080p 1920x1080720p 1280x720
D1720x576720x480
4CIF704x576704x480
CIF352x288352x240
H.2
64
Primary Stream is H.264 (Vertical Column) HD, D1, 4CIF, 1CIF
Secondary Stream is JPEG (Horizontal Columns) D1, 4CIF, 1CIF
1080p HD stream on primary - No secondary stream
Secondary stream can match Primary Resolution and Frame Rate, but not exceed it
Green supported, Red not supported
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Resolution ComparisonCIF Resolution (352x240) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)
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Resolution ComparisonD1 Resolution (720x480) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)
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Resolution Comparison720p Resolution (1280x720) vs. 1080p (1920x1080)
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Resolution Comparison1080p (1920x1080)
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Do You See a Real Difference?
30 FPS
CIF
10 FPS
CIF
30 FPS
4CIF
10 FPS
4CIF
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Example
All 2000 @ 30 fps; 4CIF
2000 cameras; 24/7 storage for 30 days
1.2 Petabytes
(1,200 TB)
500 @ 30 fps; 4CIF
500 @ 7.5 fps; 4CIF
1000 @ 15 fps; CIF
c
482 Terabytes
$4 Million $1 Million
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Cisco Video Surveillance Product Offerings
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Video Surveillance Manager Overview
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Support for numerous Edge Devices
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Scalable: Small System (Single Box)
Media Server
Virtual Matrix
Operations Manager
Internal Storage Up to 100 Cameras
Up to 18 Terabytes
Up to 100 Users
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Scalable: Nearly Unlimited Cameras and Storage
Media
ServerOperations
Manager
Virtual
Matrix
User
Workstation
Mobile
Gateway
Video
Wall
Storage System
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VCR
Sample Traditional Matrix-Based Solution
PTZ (Pan/Tilt/Zoom) Cameras
Fixed Cameras
Traditional
PhySec
Keyboards
CRT/Monitors
Analog Matrix
Switch
VCRs/
DVRs
VCR
PTZ PTZ PTZ
VCR
VCR
VCR
VCR
PTZ
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Matrix Based Solution—Hybrid Integration
Cisco Integrated Service Platforms
Decoder
Decoder
PTZ PTZ PTZ PTZ
-
RS-232
RS-485
DA
DA
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Hybrid Integration + VMS Expansion
Encoders
Cisco Integrated Service Platforms
Decoder
Decoder
Decoder
Cisco Service Platforms
-
RS-232
RS-485
DA
DA
DA
AD
AD
AD
AD
PTZ
PTZ
PTZ PTZ
SiSiSiSiSiSi
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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Camera
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Technology Breakthrough: Advanced Imaging with Wide Dynamic Range (WDR)
CMOS based digital imager and dedicated co-processor that replaces traditional CCD technology
Every pixel has its own dedicated Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) vs. CCD with only 1 ADC for an entire array
Pixel-independent shutter speed
Pixel-independent exposure
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Optimal Image in Multiple Lighting Conditions
Cisco imager can pick up details in extreme lighting conditions
Cisco Imager Typical Imager
Lack of truck detail
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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Cameras 2500 Series
CIVS-IPC-2500
FCS: March 2008
List Price: $1000
CIVS-IPC-2500W
Orderable/FCS: Q3 2008
List Price: $1250
Camera shown with optional DC auto iris lens, available separately
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Lens Availability
CIVS-IPC-VF38Fujinon 3 - 8 mm @ $130.00
CIVS-IPC-VT38Tamron 3 – 8 mm @ $130.00
CIVS-IPC-VF31 @Fujinon 3 - 11 mm @ $200.00
CIVS-IPC-VT31Tamron 3 – 11 mm @ $200.00
CIVS-IPC-VF55Fujinon 5 – 50 mm @ $285.00
CIVS-IPC-VT55Tamron 5 – 50 mm @ $285.00
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Cisco Video Surveillance IP Cameras 4500 Series
CIVS-IPC-4500 (DSP)
List Price: $1800
CIVS-IPC-4300
List Price: $1600
CIVS-IPC-4500W (DSP)
List Price: $1900
CIVS-IPC-4300W
List Price: $1700
Camera shown with optional DC auto iris lens, available separately
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Lenses
CIVS-IPC-VFM28-12Fujinon 2.8 - 12 mm @ $295
CIVS-IPC-VFM15-50Fujinon 15 – 50 mm @ $375
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Norman Island IP Dome Summary
Codename Norman Island 2400 Norman Island Indoor Vandal Resistant Norman Island Indoor
Norman Island Outdoor Vandal Resistant
DescriptionIndoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm, Smoked
Indoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm, Vandal Resistant
Indoor IP Dome, 2.8-10mm
Outdoor IP Dome 2.8-10mm
PID CIVS-IPC-2421CIVS-IPC-2520V, CIVS-IPC-2521V (Smoked)
CIVS-IPC-2520, CIVS-IPC-2521 (Smoked)
CIVS-IPC-2530V, CIVS-IPC-2531V (Smoked)
List Price $995 $1,295 $1,150 $1,395
FCS Date Q1CY09 Q2CY09 Q3CY09 Q3CY09
Comments
No Audio, No I/O, No Storage, Ceiling Tile Mount