2010 cengage-wadsworth the life cycle: conception through the later years chapter 11
TRANSCRIPT
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
The Life Cycle: Conception through the
Later YearsChapter 11
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Pregnancy: Nutrition for the Future
• Nutritional needs of pregnant women
• Maternal weight gainLow-birthweight (LBW) infants
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Pregnancy: Nutrition for the Future
• Practices to avoidPicaDietingSmokingAlcoholOther drugsHerbal productsLead & mercury
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Pregnancy: Nutrition for the Future
• Common nutrition-related problems of pregnancyMorning sicknessConstipationHypertensionin pregnancy
•Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)•Preeclampsia & eclampsia
Diabetes•Gestational diabetes
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Pregnancy: Nutrition for the Future
• Adolescent pregnancy• Nutrition of the breastfeeding mother
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Healthy Infants
• Milk for the infant: breastfeeding
• Contraindications to breastfeeding
• Feeding formula• Supplements for the infant• Food for the infant
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Healthy Infants
• Nutrition-related problems of infancyIron deficiencyFood allergies
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Early & Middle Childhood
• Growth & nutrient needs of children
• Other factors that influence childhood nutrition
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Early & Middle Childhood
• Nutrition-related problems of childhoodOverweight & obesityIron-deficiency anemiaHigh blood cholesterol
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
The Importance of Teen Nutrition
• Nutrient needs of adolescents• Nutrition-related problems of adolescentsUndernutritionIron-deficiency anemiaLow calcium intakesHigh blood cholesterol
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
The Importance of Teen Nutrition
• Nutrition-related problems of adolescentsDental cariesEating disorders
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Nutrition in Later Life
• Demographic trends & aging• Healthy adults• Aging & nutrition status• Nutritional needs & intakes• Nutrition-related problems of older adults
• Sources of nutritional assistance
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Choosing a Vitamin-Mineral Supplement
• Most healthy children & adults can obtain needed nutrients from foods
• Groups of people who can benefit from supplements
• Choosing a supplementPrice is not an indication of qualityUSP symbol100%-150% or < of vitamins & mineralsChildproof containers if children present
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Looking Ahead & Growing Old
• Prepare for old age early in life
• Life advantagesContribute to good physical & mental health in later years
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Meals for One
• Stock the pantry & fridge with wholesome basics
• Utilize frozen food; repackage in individual servings yourself
• Buy produce in season• Substitute healthy snacks when too tired to cook a meal
• Cook enough of a one-dish meal to last a few days
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Medicinal Herbs
• The herbals industry in the U.S.• Popularity of herbals• Dietary Supplement Health Education Act (DSHEA)
• National Center for Complementary & Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
• Guidelines for choosing & using herbal supplements
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Osteoporosis--The Silent Stalker of the Bones
• Reasons for greater prevalence in women than men
• Bone lossPelvis & spineInjuries & complications
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Osteoporosis--The Silent Stalker of the Bones
• Risk factorsAgeGenderAge-related decline in hormonesAbnormal absence of menstrual periods (estrogen deficiency)
Family history
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Osteoporosis--The Silent Stalker of the Bones
• Risk factorsRace & ethnic backgroundBody buildSedentary lifestyleSmoking & alcoholMedical conditionsDiet
•Bone-healthy: calcium, vitamin D
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Osteoporosis--The Silent Stalker of the Bones
• Choosing a calcium supplement• Diagnosis - bone density test• Drug treatments
Estrogen replacement therapyDesigner estrogensBiphosphonatesCalcitonin & parathyroid hormone
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2010 Cengage-Wadsworth
Osteoporosis--The Silent Stalker of the Bones
• PreventionMaximize peak bone massModerate alcohol intake & avoid tobacco
Exercise regularlyDiscuss with health care provider