Module

Basic software

Автор: Палий Н.С.

2011

Тема урока:

The operating system (OS)

Цель урока: 1. Приобретение знаний по теме на английском языке с учетом ранее полученной информации по специальным предметам.2. Формирование навыков применения новых знаний в профессиональной деятельности.

Задачи:

1. Познакомить с понятием и функцией операционной системы. 2. Познакомить и активизировать лексику по теме.3. Научить правильно определять и использовать

исчисляемые и неисчисляемые существительные.4. Формировать навыки и умения чтения технических текстов

с пониманием и выделением необходимой информации.

Vocabulary: 1. system software – системное программное обеспечение2. operating system – операционное программное обеспечение3. application software – прикладное программное обеспечение4. multitasking – многозадачный режим5. user interface – интерфейс пользователя6.GUI (graphical user interface) – графический интерфейс пользователя7. WIMP (Window, Icon, Menu, Pointer) environment – WIMP среда8. user-friendly – удобный, простой в использовании9. desktop – рабочий стол10. window icon – значок, иконка окна11. folder – папка12. menu bar – строка меню13. drop-down menu – раскрывающее/выпадающее меню14. scroll bar – полоса прокрутки15. toolbar – панель управления16. accessible – доступный17. contribution – вклад18. stand for – означать19. acronym - сокращение20. dock – прикрепление21. to interface - взаимодействовать

In pairs, discuss these questions.

1. How many operating systems can you think of? Make a list.

2. What is the function of the operating system?

Microsoft Windows, Mac OS from Apple, Linux, Unix, Windows Mobile (Pocket PC), Palm OS

The function of the opening system is to control the hardware and software resources. The OS consists of a set of programs that interface between the user, application programs and the computer.

Technical help: The function of the operating system

Operating system

Application software(graphics, email, etc.)

User

Computer( CPU, memory)

Peripherals( printer, mouse, etc.

Complete the text with the words from the boxThe set of program instructions that tell the computer what to do is known as(1) a ______ . It can be classified into two basic categories:* the (2) ________, which includes all the programs that control the basic functions of a computer (operating systems, programming software, device drivers and utilities) .* the (3) ________, which comprises programs that let you do specific tasks.Typical applications include word processing, databases, educational programs, email and video games. * The (4) ________ is a set of programs that control the hardware and software resources of a computer system. Typical functions include handling input/output operations, running programs and organizing files on disks. application software, operating system, software ,

system software

GUP operating systems

1.What does user-friendly mean?

2. Do you think most operating systems are user-friendly?

Give the reasons for your answers.

In pairs, discuss these questions.

Microsoft Windows, Mac OS from Apple, Linux, Unix, Windows Mobile (Pocket PC), Palm OS.

The function of the operating system is to control the hardware and software resources. The OS consists of a set of programs that interface between the user, application programs and the computer.

Read the text and decide which adjectives in the box best describe a GUI.

user – friendly slow accessible text-based intuitive complex graphics- bases

user – friendly

accessible intuitive graphics- bases

1.What kind of OS was used in the early 8Os : text-based

or graphics- based.2.What is the contribution of Macintosh computer to the

development of graphic environments?3.What does the acronym WIMP stand tor?4. How do you run a program on a computer with a

graphical interface?5. What is multitasking?6. Which multi-user OS is used on large, powerful

computers?7. What is the benefit of using open-source software, for

example Linux? 8. Which Microsoft Platform is used for pocket PCs,

mobiles and portable media centres?

Read the again and answer these questions.

1. text-based 2. The Macintosh was the first computer that used a

mouse and a graphical user interface.3. windows, icons, menus and pointer.4. By double-clicking the program icon or a

document icon.5. Running several programs and doing various

tasks at the same time.6. Unix7. Open-source software like Unix is freely

distributed – you can copy, change and redistribute its code.

8. Windows Mobile

Check yourself

Label the interface features (a-j) on the screenshot of Apple’s Mac OS X operating system with the words in bold from the list • desktop: the background screen that displays icons and folders• window: a scrollable viewing area on screen; it can contain files or folders• icon: a picture representing an object; for example, a document, program, folder or hard drive icon• folder: a directory that holds data, programs and other folders

• menu bar: a row of words that open up menus when selected

• drop-down (pull-down) menu: a list of options that appears below a menu item when selected

• scroll bar: a horizontal or vertical bar that clicked or dragged in the desired direction

• dock: set of icons at the bottom of the screen that gave you access to the things you use mosta menu

barb drop-down (pull-down) menuc program icond folder icone document iconf windowg hard drive iconh scroll bari desktopj dock

Windows Vista

1. Why is Windows so popular? Give two reasons.

2. Which Window Vista edition is aimed at high-end PC users, games and multimedia professionals?

Listen to the podcast interview with a program developer, and answer these questions.

It’s easy to use, it’s based on graphic images, and it's compatible with thousands of programs.

Ultimate edition

Listen again and complete this fact file.

Windows Vista

editions

Other features

Internet andsecurity

Windows programs

(1)____________ is designed for users with basic needs, such email and internet access.

Home Premium is for advanced home computing and (2)______________.

The Business edition is ideal for (3)______________.

The Ultimate edition is the most complete.

The user interface has been redesigned with new icons and a new (4)______________.

In offers support for the latest technologies, from DVD creation to(5)______________.

Internet Explorer is more reliable and secure.

The Security Centre includes an (6)_______________Program called Windows Defender, and a firewall that protects your computer from(7)______________.

The most popular is still (8)_____________.a suite that includes the(9)_____________.Word; an email program; the Excel spreadsheet program; and the(10)_____________program, PowerPoint.

Home Basic

entertainment

Business organizations

visual style

Speech recognition

anti-spyware

Internet attacks

Microsoft Office

word processor

Presentation graphics

Language work: countable and ucountable nouns

cHELP

boxCountable nouns

o Countable nouns are people or things that we can

count. They have a singular and a plural form(e.g. file, program, system, application).

o Some words are countable in many languages but

Uncountable in English, and are used with a singular verb( e.g. advice, damage, equipment, furniture, research, news, progress, homework).

The advice he gave me was very useful.

o Countable nouns must have a determiner (a, the, my, this, etc.) in the singular? Although this not necessary in the plural.

I deleted the file yesterday.I lost more than ЗОО files when my computer crashed.We use a before a consonant sound and an before a vowel. The definite article the means you know which one\ones I mean.

file, program, system, application

Исчисляемые

c

Uncountable nouns

oUncountable nouns are things that we can`t count. They have no plural form (e.g. software, music, robotics, multimedia, networking, storage ).

A lot of software these days is open-source.Not: A lot of software these days are is open-source.

software, music, robotics, multimedia, networking, storage

Неисчисляемые

HELP

box

Uncountable nounso We don`t use a/an with uncountable nouns.

Not: a robotics

o We don`t use the in generalizations with uncountable nouns or plural countable nouns.

I like music.Not: I like the music. Computer programs are expensive.Not: The computer programs are expensive.

o Countable and uncountable nouns take different determiners.

Many, few, a few only go with countable nouns.There are many versions of Windows Vista.Much, little, a little , a great deal of only go with uncountable nouns .I have a little time free this afternoon if you want to meet.

advice, damage, equipment, furniture, research, news, progress, homework

Неисчисляемые только в английском языке .Употребляются с глаголами в ед. числе

HELP

box

user emailcomputing iconedition entertainmentinterface securityspyware technology

Look at the HELP box decide if these nouns from the fact file in ЗB are countable, uncountable or

either, depending on the context.

Write C,U or C and U.

Check yourself

User cEmail c and u (c: a message; u the system for sending messages over the Net)Computing uEdition cInterface c Spyware uTechnology c and u (c: a type of technology – Wi-Fi a new technology; u: technology in general – Technology is advancing quickly)Security c and u (c: in financial usage; u: meaning safety)Icon c Entertainment u

Uncountable nouns Countable nouns

Complete this text with a, an the or nothing.

Linux is (1) _____ operating system and it was initially created as (2)_____hobby by a young student, Linus Torvalds, at the University of Helsinki in Finkland. Version 1.0 of the Linux Kernel* was released in 1994. (3) _____ Kernel, at the heart of all Linux systems, is developed and released under GNU General Public License, and its source code is freely available to everyone.Apart from the fact that it`s freely distributed, (4) _____ Linux`s functionality, adaptability and robustness has made it the main alternative for proprietary Unix and Microsoft operating systems. IBM, Hewlett-Packard and other giants of the computing world have embraced Linux and support its ongoing development. More than (5) _____ decade after its initial release, Linux is being adopted worldwide, primarily as (6) _____ server platform. Its use as a home and office desktop operating system is also be incorporated directly into (7)_____ microchips in a process called (8) _____ embedding, and it is increasingly being used this way in appliances and devices.

*The Kernel provides a way for software and other parts of the OS to communicate with hardware.

an a

The

-

aa

- -

Writing a summarySummarize the text in 90-100 words.

Follow these steps:1. Read the text again.2. Underline the relevant information in each paragraph.3. Make notes about the main points. Leave out details such as

examples.4. Make sentences from the notes and link the sentences with

connectors ( and, but, because, therefore, etc.) 5. Write your first draft.6. Improve your first draft by reducing sentences. For example:

• Cut out unnecessary phrases• Macs were designed with one clear aim: to facilitate interaction

with the computer• Omit qualifying words (adjectives or modifying adverbs)

very complex.

7. Write the final version of your summary. Don’t forget to check the spelling and grammar

Possible answerIn the past, only experts used computers. Then, in mid 1980 s, Macs and PCs were designed with a graphic user interface to facilitate interaction with the computer. Today, all kinds of people use computers, so there is an emphasis on accessibility and user-friendly systems.A GUI uses a WIMP environment (windows, icons, menus and pointer).The most popular operating systems are Windows, Mac OS,Unix, Linux, and Windows Mobile for handheld devices.