Child Labour, Child Labour Bangladesh

380 000 kids are homeless and are most likely used for child labour Canada (9,984,670 km²) is 69.34 times as big as Bangladesh (143,998 km²). There is a higher birth rate than death rate (large amount of children to be used

for child labour) 21.61 births/1000 population-5.64 deaths/1000 population Population density of Bangladesh=1126 per km2

Population of Bangladesh= 166,280,712 0-14 yr olds make up 32.3% of Bangladesh Children get married very young Bangladesh has exceeded it’s population limit The higher the population, the higher the needs of the country and

unemployment Population is 156.6 million meaning Bangladesh has a dense population pattern Because of over-population, there is high un-employment rate (shortage of jobs)

causes poverty Over-population causes companies to use children to work because it saves

money

Population in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a Parliamentary Government, run by a prime minister The minimum age of employment is 14 years of age, but is not

enforced by the government because they are making money. There are 4.9 million children working in Bangladesh, which makes it

very difficult to cease all child labour throughout Bangladesh Child labour can not be banned for the reason that most children

support their family, and their family don’t have an education and won’t have a job to support the family

93% of all child labourers work in the in-formal sector- small factories, workshops, on the street, home-based businesses and domestic employment- they can not be tracked by the police (payed by cash)

Police get bribed for secrecy-Police are practically being payed more than the government

Politics of Bangladesh

How is Bangladesh Economically placed? -Bangladesh is a market economy, meaning it’s an economy in which prices of

the products, investment & distribution are decided in a free price system -Bangladesh has textile industry, meaning it’s primarily concerned with the

production and yarn & cloth and the subsequent design or manufacture of clothing & their distribution (Most jobs in child labour includes these jobs)

-Geographical location of the country is ideal for global trade with very convenient access to international sea & air route

-Bangladesh products enjoy complete duty & quota free access to EU, Japan, U.S.A, Australia, and more.

-English is generally used as second language-offers unique investment climate compared to other South Asian companies-Bangladesh is supplied with an abundant of natural gas, water, and soil is very fertile-Main producing country of “jute” is Bangladesh-Most jobs in child labour require making clothing

Economics of Bangladesh

Some jobs child labourers are involve in are farming, gathering honey and tea leaves, poultry farming, gathering and drying fish and collecting and processing shrimp, mining salt, carpentry, domestic work, working in hotels or restaurants, drugs and arms smuggling, cotton, cloth and yarn clothing making, and sometimes just forced to beg.

Some children get paid as low as a dollar a day, week or month.

Economics of Bangladesh

Imports & Exports -Top 5 Exported items- Non- Knit men's suits(16%), knit

t-shirts(16%), knit sweaters(13%), non- knit women’s suits(9.9%), and non-knit men’s shirts(7.2%).

-Top 5 Imported items- Refined petroleum(6%), raw cotton(3.5%), light

pure woven cotton(3.5%), heavy pure woven cotton(3.5%), and palm oil (3.4%).

-Top 5 Export destinations- United States(19%), Germany(15%),

U.K(10%), France(6.8%), and Spain (5.2%). -Top 5 Import origins- China(29%), India(18%), Singapore(6%),

Malaysia(5.4%), and South Korea (5.3%).

Economics of Bangladesh

Natural disasters in Bangladesh include-floods, cyclones, and droughts Dhaka, a huge Bangladesh slum with many child labourers (also largest

city in Bangladesh) has wetlands that make it vulnerable to flooding and other natural disasters

Every year, 20% of Bangladesh is flooded, killing 5000 people and destroying 7 million homes-affects child labourers because their houses are not as stable as ours, to withstand the damages of flooding (House material is very poor)

Some child labourers lose their home and property. Others lose their lives because of floods

Flooding can permanently destroy property, which contributes to poverty and homeless residents

Flooding affects the economy by destroys places with child labourers work, like factories-when factories are destroyed, the exports and imports are affected too, causing loss in economy’s money

Geographical location of the country causes flooding-Ganges Delta is a river located near Dhaka and contributes to the city’s flooding

Rajshaji is vulnerable to flooding and affects child labourers

SocialPUSH FACTORS-FLOODS IN BANGLADESH

Cyclones caused 552 million dollar in damage in Khulna, a city in Bangladesh with child labourers

Reasons for cyclones in Bangladesh are- high tidal range, shallow continental shape, high density of population and coastal defense system, almost sea level orography of the Bangladesh coastal land, and Bangladesh is only 15 m above sea level.

Cyclones killed 500 000 people in the 1979 Bhola Cyclone-affects child labourers by destroying their homes and belongings, and destroying the place where they work. This affects their job and the imports and exports of the country.

SocialPUSH FACTORS-CYCLONES IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh faces unpredictable drought hazards in the dry monsoon due to uneven rainfall

Droughts affect crops and fruit bearing trees, forestry, and the entire environment-affects child labour because droughts causes serious dryness and heat so it causes unfit working environments for child labourers

Cities affected by Drought are- Nawabganj, Naogaon, Rajshaji, Natore, Rangpur, Jaypurjhat, Pabna, and Bogra (these cities are based in the north-western regions, where droughts are usually based)

SocialPUSH FACTORS-DROUGHTS IN BANGLADESH

SocialPUSH FACTORS-LACK OF SPACE IN BANGLADESH-Dhaka, (the most densely populated city in Bangladesh) has

lack of residential area, supplies of utilities, transportation of people, livable space, and pollution

-There is a lack of open space in Dhaka and Bangladesh as a whole

-Because of over-population, people use up natural resources like- fossil fuels, and (inadequate) fresh water

-This affects child labourers by- taking up lots of space, child labourers will have a hard time having a place to live, and will most likely be homeless. Also, with over-population, it will be hard to find a job

-Because of overpopulation, shortage of food has become a problem

-Educational problems are usually caused by over-population- children can not be educated. There is only a number of schools due to the small space of Bangladesh while there is MUCH more children

One third of Bangladesh lives below the poverty line (45 million people)

Dhaka has an income of about $530 Factories and houses are poorly built, causing to them to easily

break or collapse, taking lives- affects child labour because these factories are where children work and these homes are where they live. The places where they work are not safe working environments for the children, and can take their lives easily

Collapsing factories happen often in Bangladesh On April 24, 2013, the Rona Plaza factory collapsed, killing 1 100

workers and injuring 2 500 in the Greater Dhaka Area

SocialPUSH FACTORS-POOR LIVING CONDITIONS

IN BANGLADESH

Top ten countries people from Bangladesh migrate to- U.S.A, Russian Federation, Germany, Ukraine, France, Saudi Arabia, Canada, India, U.K, and Spain

Bangladesh H.D.I- Rank- 142 out of 187Life expectancy at Birth: 70.7Expected Years of Schooling: 10.1Mean years of schooling: 5.1GNI per Capita (2005 PPP$): 2, 713HDI Value: 0.558

SocialPULL FACTORS

U.S.A H.D.I- Rank- 5 out of 187Life expectancy at Birth: 78.9Expected Years of Schooling:16.5Mean years of schooling: 12.9GNI per Capita (2005 PPP$): 52, 308HDI Value: 0.914

People from Bangladesh usually migrate to U.S.A because it’s a multicultural country, with a much better health care system, a good geographical location without natural disasters, better paying jobs, lower un-employment rate, and has a lot more space.

Physical- Bangladesh is surrounded by bodies of water. The Padma River and the Bay of Bangal. You can not swim or walk the distance through the water, and you would need a boat

You would not be able to travel on the land on foot, due to far distances. Instead, you would need a car, bus, plane, or a train.

There is security at the borders of the country and chances you would have to show your passport or identification documents, which has a fee

Financial- Poor families with child labourers that are earning very few dollars ($1 a day or a week) make it very hard to migrate to different places, since they are poor. A flight from Bangladesh to America is about $7 000, a high price that they probably couldn’t afford

SocialBARRIERS

Language- Bangladesh’s first language is Bangla, and most people there are fluent in that language. Other main languages there are Hind, Arabic, and Urdu. English is one of the languages spoken there, but isn’t as commonly spoken there, so it would be hard to communicate with residents who speak only English or other languages

SocialBARRIERS

Family Values- Families are quite large in Bangladesh, so one person can not take all the financial burden, which is usually the father

Education- In Bangladesh, the majority of education is for the boys, and girls are not educated as much as them. They are not meant to earn money in the family, so they are not considered careers

Gender Bias- Girls get married at a very young age in Bangladesh (12-16 yrs) where as the legal limit is 18 years of age. They are forced into marriage to earn money and support their families

The women are taught to do jobs at home like cooking and cleaning

Men are often seen more superior than women, and are given more rights.

SocialCULTURE