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,r(hIXaHHe cBo60,lJ;HO B Kam.n;OM rJI8CHOM,

B corJI8CHblX - npepblBaeTCH aa MHr. Ii TQJIbKO TOT rapMOHHH AOCTHr,

KOMY qepe.n;OBaHbe ex nO,l1;BJIaCTHO.

3BYQaT B corJIaCHblX cepe6po H Mel\b. A rJIaCHbIe ,o;8HbI Te6e ,lJ;JUI neRhH.

M C'lIaCTJIHB 6Y)l;b, KOJIb MOntemb Thl nponeTb Hnb .n;ame npOAhImaTb CTHXOTBopeHbe.

13. PaccMoTpH Ta6nHLJ,Y. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AemnCSt 3ayKH St3b1Ka? • 3anonHH Ta6nHLJ,y npHMepaMH.

3eYKH A3blKa

rJI8CHbIe Cor JI8CHble

Y,ll8pHble 6e3Y,llapHble rJIyxHe 3BOHKHe TBE!p,llble M.RI'KHe

• C onopoH Ha Ta6nHLJ,y COCTaSb YCTHblH paccKa3 0 3BYKax

fl3blKa.

14. npO"tHTaH TeKCT. 1-13 CK011bKHX "taCTeH OH COCTOHT? noCTaSb K Ka>KAO~ "taCTH sonpoc. 3anlo1WH aonpOCbl B Ka"teCTBe

nyHKToa nnaHa.

CJIOBO COCTOHT H3 3ByKOB. 3TH 3ByKH 06pa3yIOT ero 3BY

KOByro o6oJlO'IKY. 3By-KH H3blKa ,lI;eJIHTCH HS l'Jl8CHbIe H COl'Jl8CHble.

rJIaCHble 3BYKH 6L1BaIOT YllapHLlMH H 6e3YlIspHLlMH. IIOII YllspeHHeM B PYCCKOM H3L1Ke BCTpeqalOTCH rJIaCHLle: [a]. [0].

[Y]. [3]. [H]. [LI]. COl'JI8CHbIe 3BYKH XSpaKTepHaYlOTCH no TBeP,lI;OCTH-MSll'KO

CTH H 3BOHKOCTH-l'JIYXOCTH. OHH MOl'YT 06p8aOBbIB8Tb naphI

no TBepllocTH-MRrKocTH: [6]-[6'], [B]- [B'], [r]-[r'], [11]- [11'], [a]-[a'], [K]-[K'], [JI]-[JI'], [M] - [M'], [H]- [H'], [n]-[n'], [p]-[p'], [c]-[c'], [T]-[T'], [1jJ]-[IjJ'], [xl-Ix']; no aBOHKOCTHrJIYXOCTH: [6]- [n], [6']- [n'], [B]-[IjJ], [B']- [IjJ'], [r]-[K], [r']-[K'], [II]-[T], [II']-[T'], [a]- [c], [a']- [c'].

He o6paaylOT nap lID TBep,lI;OCTH-MSlI'KOCTH TBep,lI;hIe [m), [m]. [11] H MRrKHe ['I'], [lI\'], [H' ].

He 06paaYIOT nap no 3BOHKOCTH-I'JIYXOCTH I'JIyxHe [x)- [x'), [11], ['I'], [lI\'] H aBOHKHe [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]-[H'], [p]- [p'], [H'].

• LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han 0 3SYKax Sl3blKa, np0I.I~1TaS 3TOT TeKCT? • nepeCKamM TeKCT no nnaHy.

15. npOI.IMTaJ:1 TeKeT. KaKoe OTKpblTMe S HaYKe 0 PYCCKOM Sl3blKe CAenan B.K . TpeAMaKoscKMI1?

HayqHoe HCCJIe,ll;OB8.HHe PYCCKOro npoH3Home

HHSI HaqaJI n03T H yqeHhIH BaCHJIHH KHPHJIJIO

BH'I TpellHaKOBCKHH (1703-1769). B 1748 roilY OH H3,l1;aJI KHHry {( Pa3roBop poccHiicKoro qeJIOBe

Ka c qymecTpaHu;eM • •• ». (ha KHHra, ,lI;OCTynHO

HaTIHCaHHaH B q)QpMe pa3roBopa pyccKoro qeJIO

BeKR C HHOCTpaHIJ,eM, 6hIJIa paCCQHTaHa He aa

CneU;HaJIHCTOB, a Ha {(npOCTbIX JIIO,lI;eii ••

¢OHeTHqeCKHe Ha6JIIO,lI;eHHSI Tpe,ll;H8KOBCKoro 6hIJIH 6JIec

THID;H no TOqHOCTH H npOHHIJ,8.TeJIbHOCTH . ¥qeHhIH BIIepBhIe

,z:r;aeT HayqHylO KJIaCCH<pHKau;HIO 3BYKOB, ,lI;eJIHT HX aa rJIaCHhIe

H COrJIaCHhIe, a corJIaCHhIe - Ha TpH rpyrrIIhI: MHrKHe, TBep,ll;hIe

If Cpe,lJ;HHe. OB HaCTOiiqHBO pa3rpa HHqHBaeT 6YKBY Ii 3BYK

({(3BOH») Ii yrrpeKaeT cTapylO rpaMMaTHKY B TOM, qTO OHa «Ha-

6JIIO,lI;aeT TOKMO 6YKBhI, a He 3BOHhI, Ha6JIIO,lI;aeT OHa TOKMO

TeHb, a ,z:r;o Bem;H eii ,n;eJI8 aeT!". HacKoJIbKO TPY,AHO 3TO 6b1JIO

B TO BpeMH, rOBopHT XOTH 6hI TO, 'tJTO B KOHIJ,e XIX BeKa MHO

rHe mKOJIbHhIe yqe6HHKH rpaMMaTHKH Ii ,lI;ame HaytIHhIe Tpy

,lJ;hI He IIO,lJ;HHJIHCb ,n;o Toro ypOBHH, Ha KOTOPOM CTOHJI

B.K. TpellHaKOBCKHH B cepellHHe XVIII BeKa. (IIo M .B . IIaltoBY)

-16. npO"'tHTai1 CTHxoTBOpeHl1e A.A. <l>era. BCnOMHH, LiTO ra

t(oe T04Hble pHcpMbl. KaKJ.1e pHcpMbl B CTHXOTBOpeHIo1H SlBIlHtOT

CSI TOI.IHbIMH? • AOKa>KJ.1, "'4TO pHcpMa SHCRT - HapSIA HBnSlercS!

TO"tHOa1 • • HaHAH B reKcre cnosa B nepeHOCHOM 3Ha'-teHI-1H.

IIe'tlaJIbHaH 6epeaa Y Moero OKHa, II npHXOTb!O* Mopoaa Paay6paHa OHa.

RaK rpOa,ll;bH BHHorpa.n;a, BeTBeH KOHD;b1 BReST, -iii p8,l1;OCTeH )1;JUI Bar JUI.n;a

BeCb TpaypHhIiP aapH,lJ;.

JII06JIIO Hrpy .n;eHHHIJ,bI*

.H. 38.MeQaTh Ha HeM,

II .maJIb MHe, eCJIH IITHD;bl3

CTPRXHYT Kpacy BeTBeH.

• BblmtWH HMeHa cyw,ecTBHTenbHble. 0603Ha4b B HHX opcpo

rpaMMy-6e3YAapHYto rnaCHYto 8 KopHe cnoaa, nposepSieMYto YAapeHHeM • • HanHWH rpaHcKpHnu,HtO 6e3YAapHbiX rnaCHblX 3Sy

KOD B KopHe 3THX enOB HaA 6YKsaMJ.1, I-tX 0603Ha4atoUJ,HMJ.1 .

K JIlO'IeBhIe CJIOBa TeMhl:

B3bIK

3BYKH

rJI8CHhIe

COrJIaCHbJe

CMblCJI

TpaHCKpHnu,lHI

§ 2. 3BYK H 6YKBa. ABoHHali ponb 6YKB e, e, to, •

17. npOI.IHTaJ:1 cnosa .

BoahI, Boa, B03HTb.

,D;BOP, ,lI;BOphI. Hoc, ROChl.

JIe6ellb, JIe6ellKa, JIe6ellymKa.

• KaKHe 3ayKH 0603Hal.latOT Ha nHCbMe 6YKSbi 3, 0, A? 3anHwH 3TH 3SyKH a TpaHCKpJ.1nu,J.1M • • BcerAa nM 6YKsa 0603Ha"taeT OAJ.1H J.1 TOT me 3aYK?

18. npOliHTaH cnOBa.

ITJIhITL, CHHb, COJIb, BCT8Bh, 6pOCb.

~ 0603HaLfaer nJ-l 3BYK 6YKBa .. ? KaKoH cornacHblH 3BYK 060-3Ha"taer 6YKBa, CTOSl~aSl nepeA HHM? 3anHwH era 8 TpaHCKp",nUJo1H. AnSI '"Iero cny>KHT II» B AaHHblX cnYLiaSlX?

19. np04HTa~ cnOBa.

C'beJI, MypaBLH, no,rt"bex8.JI, IIbeC8, OT'be3,rt .

• 0603Hal.falOT nH 6YKBbi b H ... 3ByKH Ha nHcbMe? AnSI I.fero cnY>KaT b H ... B AaHHblX cnY4aSlx?

20. np04HTaH CJlOBa .

B eJlbI'H , 6IOP O, BSlJIhlH , BbIOH, B'be3,ll; , eprn , eJIb , eM , Me,rt ,

MSlTL, HeC, Mepa, JI1060Bb, aaex aTb, IIOIOT, 0 6 'bSlBJIeHHSI, HA,

IOMOp.

• B neBblH cTon6HK BblnHWH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX 6YKBbi e, e, 10, ,. 0603Ha4alOT ABa 3syKa, 8 npaBblH - CJlOBa, B KOTOPblX 3TH 6YKBbi 0603Ha4alOT OAHH 3BYK . • CcpOPMYJlHPYH BbIBOA.

BYKBbl e, e, 10, .H B H8q8JIe eJIQsa, nOCJIe rJI8CHOH Ii OOCJIe

pa3.ZJ;eJIHTeJIbHblX 'L II h 0603HaQruoT no ,lJ;B8 3BYJ(a [ ft ' a] , [ft 'o], [H'Y], [H'8] .

BYKBbl e, e, 10, H nOCJIe COrJIaCHOH 0603HaQaroT OJJ;HH rJI8C

HhIH 3BYK [a], [0], [Y], [ a] H M"rKOCT" Dpe,llhI~ero COrJI8CBoro.

21. OnpeAeJlIo1 Konlo14eCTBO 3BYKOS 101 6YKB B cnoaax: ceMbH, ceMH, C"beJI, ceJI, HMa, npHMo, nOJIblO, npOnOJIIO, T~H, lllbeT.

I 22. Te6e npeACTOHT np04101TaTb TeKCT 0 6YKsax pyccKoro Sl3b1Ka . 0 4eM, nO-TBoeMY, B HeM 6YAeT rOBopHTbCSI? • nOCIle 4TeHHR conOCTaSb caOH npeAnOIlO>KeHHR C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeKCTa • • AononHIo1 TeKCT caOHMH nplo1MepaMH • • 03arnaBb H nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT.

-BYKBhl CJIy.m8T ,lJ;JIJI 0603HaQeHHH 3BYKOB pelJH aa I1HCbMe.

Pa3,lJ;eJI HayKH 0 H3b1Re, B KOTOPOM H3YQaeTCSl 0603HaQe_

BHe 3SYKOB U8 IlHCbMe, H83h1SaeTCH rpacIJHKoii (OT zpell. .rpa<!>o. - DHDIY). -

BYRBhI B PYCCKOM Sl3bUte MoryT 0603HaQaTb JIH60 O,ll;HH

3syK, JIH60 HeCKOJIbKO. HarrpHMep, 6YKS8 6 MomeT 0603H8-

'laTh 3BYKH [6], [6'], [D], [D']: 6awHR [6], 6eper [6'] , cyrp06 [n], rony6b [n']. BYRBbl e, e, 10, JI MoryT 0603aallaTb JIH60 OAHB,

JIH60 ,lIBa 3BYKa: MeJI" [a]. eJIb [H'a]. BYKBhI ... H h He 0603H8-lIaIOT 3BYROB aa nHCbMe.

BYRBhI, pacnOJIOmeHHhIe B onpeAeJIeHHOH nOCJIeAOBaTeJIb-

HOCTH, COCT8BJISIIOT aJItIlaBHT, HJIH aa6YRY. B PYCCKOM 8.JIa-

BHTe 33 6YKBhI: 10 6YKB - ,lIJI" 0603Ha'leHHH rJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB, 21 6YKBa - ,ll;JlSl 0603HalleHHSI COrJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB, L H 'L 3By-KOB

He 060aHallalOT.

A B B r ~ E ~ jK 3 If ~ K a 6. •• 1'3 A' e e >K3 3' K H Kp8TKoe K8

JI M H 0 II P C T Y <l> X ~ 'I a JIL ,M '8 0 n. .p 3C T, Y :><\> xa U' qe

ill III; ... hI b 3 10 H IDa IU" TBepALlH bI MHrKHii: • IO H

3H8K 3HaJ<

23. np04HTaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH npeArle>KeHlo1e, 8blpa>KalO~ee rnaBHYIO Mblcnb TeKCTa.

OT AOCKH AO AOCKH

3T0 BhIpruKeBHe CBH38.H0 C KHHroA. Y CT8pbIX KHHr t nepe

IIJIeThI 6hIJIH MaCCHBHhIe. Hx AeJI8.JIH H3 n;eJIoro KYCK8 ,I1;epeBa

H 06TSlrHB8JIH KomeH. KHHrH HMeJIH 60JIbmyIO I\eHBocTh,

IIOCJIe lITeHH.f.[ HX 3RnHpaJIH H a a8cTemKH.

IIpollHTaTb BCro K B Ury OT H8lIaJI8 .0;0 K OHn;a - 3HallHT npo

lIHT8Th OT ,I1;OCKH ,11;0 ,I1;OCKH; OT KOPKH AO KOpKH. (B.B. BOAuI<a)

• Ha~ 80 2-M a63au,e Io1MeHa cy~ecTBIo1TeJlbHble; nOCTaBb HX B q,OpMY f.1.n. eA. 4. 101 3anlo1W~ s. an;>aBIo1THOM nopSiAKe.

.. I i , :::::VL_;C: \ \

24. npOl.iI,nai:1 npeAllO>KeHHSI, HaHAH H Bbrnl-tWJ1 cnoaa c 6YKBa~ 10101 It J.1 .... OnpeAenH, Atul '"Iera Hcnollb3YlOTCSI .. J.1 ... B cnoaax.

, 0603Ha"ib opq:,orpaMMbl: pa3AellHTel1bHbie It H 'II, ynoTpe6netHe It AllJl 0603Ha""leHHJI MJlrKOCTI1 cornaCHblX.

1. y JIYKOMOPhSl ~y6 aeJIeHhlH, 3JI8TaH n;enb l aa ~6e TOM.

2. OnacHO pa3'bea,mSTb no CBeTY ••• 3. II TpHIIl\aTlo BHTJl3en rrpeKpacHhlx "pelion H3 BOil BhlXO

VIT HCHbIX, H C HHMH ,AH,zr;bK8 HX MOpCKOH.

4. CqaCTJIHBhIM nOJlb3YSlCb MrHOBeHbeM, K 06'bHTOH rOJIOBe

!M)1IIl;eHbeM, K8..K JIcTpe6, 60raThIpb JIeTHT.

5. C BOCTORa JTheTCSI HQ't{H TeHh ' •• •

(A.e. IIywICuliJ

25 . np041HaH npo ce6S1, a 3aTeM Benyx eTHxoTsopeHHe ~.A . npOKocpbesa. C nOMOwptO KaKHX 3BYKOS nOll e03AaeT snejaTneHHe nepeKaTblBatOw,HXCft BonH? • Bbl6epH H BblnHWH B ABa :Ton6HKa cnOBa: 1) C 6YKBaMH e, e, 10, ., 0603Ha'iatow,HMH OAHH lByK; 2) C 3THMH me 6YKsaMH, 0603Ha'iatow,HMH ABa 3ByKa. PaclonaraH cnOBa B ancpasHTHoM nopSiAKe.

BOJIHa, BOHHa - Bce 3BYKH BJUUKHbl,

,D;a H CJIHJmCh B OAHH pa3Max.

.H npoH3Hec ceHlIac HX ABam,o;LI

II OII\YTHJI HX Ha ry6axI .H npoH3Hec HX CHOBa. BCKope

Ko MHe npHIDJlH H3,o;MeRa

BOJIHeRhe peR, ,lJ;LIXaHhe MOPH

If KOJIOKOJIhllHK pyqeHR8.

IIOBCIOA)' BOJIHLI, BOJIHbI, BOJIHLI,

BeJIHROH DJIarH BellRLIH nyTh.

TaKOB "3hIKI Ii TpeneT nOJIHLIH

MOIO OXBaThIBReT rpYllb 'l

-26. npO"iHTai:1 H nepeCKa>KJ.1 TeKel. HaHAH npE!Al10>KeHHe, Bbt

pa>KatOU4ee rnasHYto MblCIlb TeKeTa.

KpacH8S1 CTpOK8

KHHI'H aa PYCH Haq JIB neqaTaTb aeMHOI'HM 60JIee qeThI

pex B_KOB' Haa8.,ll;, a 11.0 3Toro HX rrepenHCblBaJIH2 OT pyKH.

CaSQaJI8 TeKCT II_caneH CnJIOIDh ' , He pa3,o;_JIHJICH Ha

CJI_Ba H rrpe,a;JIOmeHHSI . Hal.l8JIo n_BecTBoBaHHSI JI_TOnHCe~ OTKPhIB8JI 6_JI_IDOH KpacHoH, 3aMhICJIOBaTO pa3pHcoBaHHoH

6YKBOH, KOTopaSi BhInHChIB8JIaCh C He6_JI_IDHM oTcTynoM OT

JIeBOrO KpaSi CTP_HHlJ,hI. TaKHe 6YKBhI HHor,o;a H Teneph BbI

BH,lLTe B RHHrax. KpacHaH 6YKBa H A_JIa .>KH3H_ Bblpame

HHIO • UHcaTh C KpacHoH CTP _KH *. (BB. BOAulia J

• CnHwH, BCTaSnSlft nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl . • 0603Ha'ib opcporpaMMbl Ha MecTe nponYCKOB . • Bo 2-M npeAllo>t<eHHH BblAenH rpaMMaTH'ieCKYtO oCHoay, rpacpHl.jecKH 06bftCHH nOCTaHOSKY 3anSlTb1X.

3BYK

3SYKonHCb

Kmoq eBble CJlOBa TeMLI:

0603H8l.JeHHe

6YKB8

§ 3. 3BYK H cnor

rpa<l""'· 8JI(PRBHT

27. np0l.jHTaH TeKeT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, 3a'ieM Hy>KHO YMeTb AenHTb cnosa Ha cnorH 8 YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH pe'tH?

TLI nepenJILIJI pellKy, a TBOH TosapHm; OCTMeH Ha TOM

6epery. Thl KpH'IHmb eMY: .IIe-TJlI IIJIhI-BH eIO-lIa!. fuR ThI 3BOHHIDb no TeJIe<PoHY H, lIT06hI JIytlme paCCJIhlill8-

JlH TBOIO cpaMHJlHlO, Me,lJ;JleHHO H rpOMKO AHRTyemh: .nY-3hI

peB •• B 060HX CJIyqaHx ThI pa3,o;eJIHJl CJIOB8 Ha CJIOrH. B 06hNHOH

Hameii pellH CJIOI'H TeCHO CuenJIeHhI APyr C ,1J;pyroM, HO BOT

D03HHKaeT He06xo,o;HMOCTh npoH3HecTH CJIOBO HJIH HecKOJIhKO

CJIOB rpOMKO H OTlIeTJIHBO, H Tor,o;a C~enJleHHe OCJIa6eBaeT,

CJIOBO pacnfl,ll;aeTCH Ha CJIOrH, pa3AeJIeHHble naY38MH.

(H 3 «ih-lquKJl.oneoultecKo2o CJl.08apH IOHOZO r/JUJI,oJl,oza» •

3BOHHTb •

3BOHHT •

3BOHHT

• HaHp,101 S TeKCTe cnosa C Halo1MeHbWIo1M 101 Halo160nbWIo1M KOnW.teCTSOM cnoros. Bblnlo1WIo1 Io1X, pa3Aemifi Ha cnorlo1.

28. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, ccpopMynlo1pYH YCTHO Hnlo1 nlo1CbMeHHO ero rnasHYtO Mblcnb.

B i\peBHocTH nHCMH Ha nanHpyce. IIanHpyc pacTeT no 6e. perllM peR H Ha OoJIOTax, HM BOIIOH nOi\HHM8RlTCH H3HII\HhIe* TpeXI'paHHhIe cTe6JIH TOJI~HHOH B PYltY H BhICOTOH ,lI;0 TpeX

MeTpOB. H8 BepxymKe cTe6JUI rryqOK ,lI;JIHHHhIX H TOHKHX KO

JIOCbeB, HsnOMHH81OlIl;HX napHK*, H BCe paCTeHHe KameTCH

rpao;H03HbIM* H CTPOHHhIM C03,l1;8HHeM, 3~YM'IHBO nOK8l1RBalO~HM I'OJIOBOH.

(A.Il. Ka:JICaan)

• Bblnlo1WIo1 sblAeneHHble Io1MeHa CYU4eCTslo1TenbHble S Ha"ianbHOH

cpopMe, 1013MeHIo1 Io1X no naAe>KaM, nOCTaSb YAapeHlo1e . KaK 1013MeHlo1nOCb MeCTO YAapeHIo1f1? • CAenaH SbtSOA.

29. npOl.llo1TaH Yl.le6Ho-HaY"iHbIH TeKCT B paMKe • • 03arnasb

ero . J.13 CKonbKIo1X "iaeTeH OH COCTOIo1T? nOcTasb Bonpoc K Ka>KAOH l.IaCTIo1. 3anlo1wIo1 sonpoebl. ,QononHIo1 TeKCT CSOIo1MIo1 nplo1MepaMIo1 • • nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, Io1cnonb3YfI sonpocbl.

CJIOBa ,lI;eJISlTCSI Ha CJlOrH.

enor MO}KeT COCTOSlTb 113 Q,ZI;Horo 3BYKa, H3 ,lI;ByX H 60nee. B COCT8B CJIora B PYCCKOM H3hIKe 06R38TeJIbHO BXO,ll;HT I'JIac-

HhIH 3Byt(.

CJIoru 6hIB8RlT YilapHh,e H 6e3YllapHhIe. Y,z:t;apeHHe - 3TO npOH3HomeHHe 0ABoro H3 CJIOI'OB C 60JIb

meH CHJIOH. Y,n;apeHHe B PYCCKOM R3hIKe MO)KeT nMaTb Ba

JI1060H cJIor, OHO MomeT nepeMew;aTbcH C o,n;Horo Ha ,n;pyrOH Cnor npH H3MeaeHHH CJIOBa.

30. npeAllO>KeHHble nepeHocbl cnos Henpaslo1nbHbt. ,QoKa>K101 3TO, Io1cnonb3Y" npaslo1na nepeHoca cnos.

' / / I ~"= I~-. t 18 ...J \ 6~JIbIII!iS! I ~ " 60JIbmasr .

~

C-6emaTh, MHOrOJI-HKHH, 6e3,n;-oMHhIH, C-'LeX8Tb,

BAP-yr, CTP8HH-bIH, C6-pOCHTb.

IIpaBHJIa nepeHoca CJIOB

1. ECJIR OCHOBa CJIOB8 COCTOHT He TOJIbKO 113 KopeH, Ta

KHe CJIOBS Hy.mHO nepeHOCHTb, He pa36HB8H 'tI8CTH CJlOB8.

IIpd·~-rca, 6iei:U-JluBb/U. 3TO npaBHJIO He OTBOCHTCH K CJIOB8M, Y KOTOPblX KopeRh

Ha'!HHaeTCS! C 6YKBbl hi. PO-3bLZPbLLU (HeJIb3S! P03-bLZpbLLU).

2. ECJIH CJIOBO COCTOHT 113 KOpHR H OKOlN8HHR, ero HymHO

nepeHOCHTb no CJIOraM. Be-pe-3a. IIpH CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHhIX

MO)KeT 6blTb HeCKOJIhKO B8PH8HTOB nepeBOC8. Ce-cmpa, eee-mpa, eeem-pa.

3. C 6YKB L, "L, ii He MO)KeT HaQHH8TbCSI ROBaR CTpOK8 •

K01-Lb-KU. om'O-e3a, Mau-1Ca.

4. HeJlb3S1 OCT8BJUITb Ha cTpoKe HJIH nepeBocHTb o,n;ay

6YKBY. A1<mU6-nO, ap-MUJl (HeJIb3H a-1<mU6nO, apMU-Jl). 5 . .l\Be OIlHHaKOBhIe 6YKBhI pa36HBalOTcSI nepeHOCOM.

Mac-ca, 8aH.-HaR. 9TO np8BHJIO He OTHOCHTCSI K H8l18.JIbHblM

ABOHHhIM COrJIaCRblM KOpHR. Cco-pa, nO-CCOpUJl.UCb (aeJIb3R

e-copa, nOC-COpUJlUCb).

nOAYMaH, "ieM OTnlo11.1atOTCfI APyr OT APyra 3aKOHbi fl3btKa 101

npaslo1na nlo1CbMa.

r)O"ieMY He06xOAIo1MO 3HaTb npaslo1na nepeHoca enos?

31. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. LITO 3TO, nO-TsoeMY: onHeaHlo1e Io1nlo1 noseCTsosaHlo1e? • KaKlo1e eU4e nlo1Cl.llo1e MaTeplo1anbl

Io1Cn0I1b30sanlo1Cb S ApesHOCTIo1?

IIHCQHM M8TepH8JIOM, ynoTpe6JlHBmHMCSI B ,n;peBHOCTH,

6hIJI8 Koma.

MbI He 3HaeM, Kor,ll;a HMeHHO H3 KO.mH CT8JIH H3rOTOBJISITb

nepraMea*. COXP8HHJIOCh npe,n;8HHe, 'IlTO ero HayqHJIHCb .u;e

JI8Th B M8JI083HHCKOM ropo,n;e IIepr8..Me. Ha PYCR HanHC8HHble a8 nepr8MeHe rp8MOThl B83hIB8JIHCh

Hepe,n;KO • KO)K8MH. lInH • TenHTHHaMH ••

19

• Bblm1wI1 CHa"iana ABycnO>KHble cnosa C YAapeHHeM Ha nepSOM :nore, a 3aTeM C YAapeHHeM Ha BTOPOM cnore . • BblnHWH cnosa : 60nbWJ.1M K01U1'"1eCTBOM enorOB, pa3Aemt HX Ha C110nt H AJlSl 1epeHoca.

IIop,liJoIC tjJonemu'tecICozo pa3(iopa 1. PS3..n;eJIHTb CJIOBO aa eJIOl'lI.

2. 3anHc8Th CJI0BO B TPaHCKPHUD;HH, nOCTaBHTb y,.n:apeHHe.

3. OxapaKTepH30BaTh 3BYKH no nopHIlKY . .D:JIH rJIaCHblX VK8aaTb, Y,z:{apHhle 3BYKH HJIH 6eay,n;apHhIe, K8.KHMH 6YXBB.MH )603HaQeHhI. ,ll;JISI COI'JIaCHhlX YK8a8Tb, 3BOHKHe BJIH r.nyxHe

:napHhle HJIH HenapHhIe), TBep,n;hIe HJIH MHI'Kue (rrapHhIe HJIH :lenapHhIe); KaKHMH 6YKBaMH 0603HaQeHhl.

~

4. YKa3aTb KOJIH'IeCTBO 3BYKOB H 6YKB. 06pa3el{ tjJonemu'tecICozo pa360pa

Mapo3, MO-p03, 2 eJIOl'a. [Mapac] M - [M] - COI'JIaCHhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHbIHj TBep~blH, napHhIHj

o - [a] - rJIacHhIii, 6eaYi\apHblii; p - [p] - COI'JI8CBhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHLdij TBep,lJ;hIH, napHhIii; 0- [0] - I'JIaCBbIH, y.o;apHhIH; 3 - [el - COrJIaCHhIH, rJIYXOH, napBLIH; TBep)l;hIH, napHhIH. 5 6YKB, 5 3BYKOB

E~ npOYHTaH orpblBoK 1013 CTHXOTBOpeHHJI M.te. I1epMoHTosa. KaKHe 3BYKH nOMOratoT 3pHMO npeAcraBHTb KapTHHY, HapHcoBaHHYto TBOpyeCKHM Boo6pa>KeHHeM n03Ta?

PyCaJIK8 n JIblJIa no p_Ke r _JIy6oii, 0 3apHeMa nOJIHOH JIYHOH; H CTapaJIaCb aHa ,n;onJI_ CHYTb ,n;o JIYUhI J

Cep_6pHCTYIO' neay' B_JIHbI .

• CnHWH, SCTaSnJlJl nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl, nOAyepKHH H3yyeHIble opcporpaMMbl • • BblnHWH HMeHa npHnaraTenbHble, pa3AenH IX Ha cnorH.

KJlIOQeBLle CJlOBS TeMbl:

aBYK YllapeHne CJ10r npaBl1n8 nepeHoca cnOB

-§ 4. OpcjlorpBMMB. Ono3HBBBTem.HbIH npH3HBK

opcjlorpBMMbl. YcnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcjlorpBMMbl

33. npOYHTaii TeKCT . KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nOyeMY I1l<1d~HOK no np03BHU4Y .ntOABHr YeTblpH~Tblii He nOHJlI1 C80ero CTapwero 6paTa? YeMY npHAthcSI YYHTb I1tOASHra?

JIHcHTa BblUIMblrHYJIH H3 HOpbl. - BOT aTO rpHo, - 3aSlBHJI JIa6aR, nOKa3blBaa JIanKOR aa

60JIbUIYIO KpacHByro IIIJIHnKY. - I]lHnn? MeHH He 06MaHeIIIb, - paCCMeHJICH JIIOIIBHr 'Ie

ThlpH8.A~aTblH. - Tbt XOqemh CKa3aTb, qTO ecJIH ee C'beCTb, 3TY lliJIHnKY 1 TO Momao 3a6oJIeTb?.

- Tbl rJIynee, qeM H ,lIYMaJI, - npepBaJI era JIa68.H. - .H He HMeJI B BH,n;y HHKaKOH 60JIe3HH. :3TO rpHO. He rpHnn, a rpHo, nOHHMaemb? ~a, MHorOMY Te6H npH,n;eTcH yqHTL.

(IIo Hny 31CXOJtbMY «Tymma KapJtccon, IIep6aJl u eouncmeennast. JlIooeuz l1emblpnaOl4-amblU u opyzue»)

1. ECTb 11101 B BblAel1eHHblX CI10Bax 6YKBbl, He COBnolAatOU4He co .fjJ 3sYKaMH? 2. HY>KHO 11101 3HaTb KaKHe-I1H60 opcporpacpHyeCKHe npaBHl1a, YT06bl He OWH6HTbCSI B HanHcaHHH 3THX 6YKS? 3. KaK Ha3blBaeTCSI HanHcaHHe, A11J1 060eHosaHHJI 8bl6opa KOToporo HY>KHO npHMeHHTb opcporpacpHyeeKOe npasHl1o? 4. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy-eornaeHYto 6YKSY S SblAeneHHblX el1OBax. BcnOMHH COOTBeTeTsytoU4ee opcporpacpHyeCKOe npaSHno. KaKaJl eU4e opcporpaMMa-corl1aeHaJi eeTb B OAHOM 1013 BblAel1eHHblX enos? KaK OHa Ha3blSaeTeJl? S. BblnHWH SblAeneHHble enosa, nOA6epH K HHM npOaepOYHble. 0603HaYb opcporpaMMbl . 6. 3aKOHYH npeAl10>KeHHe: OpcporpaMMa - 3TO HanHcaHHe, AflJI 06ocHoBaHHJI sbl60pa KOToporo He06xoAHMO •.. HanpHMep •.•

Op<jlOrpaMMa - .TO HarrHcaHHe (6YKBa, np06eJI H liP·)· l..{To6bI Bbl6paTh np8BHJI.bHOe HanHC8.HHe, Heo6xo,n;HMO npHMeHRTb oPcPorpacpHQeCKOe npaBHJIO. nQn~, cag, YCIHblii, n0A.-ropo •.

\

OPlPOrPaMMhI B CJIOBaX II Mem;:J;Y CJIOBaMli MOJKHO HaHTH no

OC06blM npHMeT8M - on0 3Ha BaTeJIhHblM npH3H8X8 M . HanpaMep, op<\lorpaMMY- rJIaCHYIO 6YKBY MomHo HaliTH no 6eaYl1apHOMY nOJIOmeHlUO I'JI8CHOrO 3ByKa B CJIOBe (n~n~), a optPorpaM

MY-COI'JI8CHYIO 6YKBY Momao HaHTH Ha KOHU;e CJIOB8 (caA) HJlll

B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX (yctHbIH).

34. np0J.13HeCJ.1 Bcnyx AaHHbie cnOBa. Ha30BH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX

Her op<po rpaMM . • Ha30BH cnoaa C opcporpaMMoi1-cornaCHOH 6YKB0i1o 4ro n OMorno re6e B 3TOM n OHCKe ? • KaK np0J.13HOCSlTCSI

3BOHKHe cornaCHble layK'" Ha KOHLI,e cnoaa J.1 nepeA rnyXJ.1MJ.1 cornacHblMH? A rnyxHe cornaCHble - nepeA 3BOHKHMH? 3anHWH 3TH 3SyKJo1 PSlAOM co cnOBaMH, B KOTOPblX eCTb opcporpaMMa.

Q6pa3eu 3an"C": cyrpoQ[n], HOl!lKa [w].

,Z:tblM, CTOJI6, rpOM, JIeB, MeA, rryx, JIyr, MOP03, Kopo6K8,

JI8BK8, 3ara,n;K8, HorTH, KOCb68, MOJIOTh6a.

• KaKHe cornaCHble 3SyKH Tbl 3anHcal1? KaKHX napHblx no rnyxoCTH-3S0HKOCTH cornaCHblX HeT cpeAH HHX? nOA6epH H 3anHWH caOH npHMep c 3THMH 3sYKaMH .

35. np04HTaH CTHxoTsopeHHe-wYTKY 6 .B. 3axoAepa. ~cnpasb nYHKTya4HOHHble oWH6KH, paccTasb 3anfiTbie KapaHAaWOM S Y4e6-HHKe . • HaHAH H BblnHWH Cl10sa C opcporpaMMoH- nposepfieMoH corl1acHoH 6YKS0i:1 a KopHe Cl1osa . 0603Ha4b on03HasaTe11bHbie npH3HaKH, KOTopble nOMOratOT Te6e Hai:tTH 3Ty opcporpaMMY, ra-110"lKOH (V ) caepxy . • nOA6epH npOSepO"lHble Cl10sa K AaHHbIM. KaKHe cnoco6bl nposepKH Tbl Hcnol1b30sal1? • 0603Ha"lb opcpo-rpaMMy . ~

Q6pa3eu. 3an"C": IiPYt - APyq~ · rAe 110 CTaBHTb 3 8 U STYlO?

OqeH b-Oq eHb

CTpaHHblli BHI1: Pe'lKa 3 8 ORHOM )

rOpHT~ qeii -TO AOM) XBOCTOM BHJISleT,

IIecHK

Ifa pymhH CTpeJIHeT,.. M 8JIb q HK

q yrb He CJIOll8JI

MbllliKY "

~

Ko'lj B QlIR8X CXB8THJl aepHO.,1

't.JHTaeT KHIDKKY"", ,IJ;a RaK KpHKH e T,

CTapblli l1el1, YJIeTaH: BneTeJI B OKHC4, - B OT tITO 3 H a"lHT

Bopo6eli } aalIRTaR!

Opcporp8.MM a .IIpoBepH eMble c o rJI8 CHble B K o pHe CJIOBa.

tIT06b1 npaBHJIhH O 0603H8QHTh H8 IIRChMe IIapHble IIO rJIY

XOCTH-3BOHKOCTH CorJIaCHbIe B RopHe CJIOBa, HYJKHO H3Me

HRTh CJIOBO HJIII rro,np6paTh K HeMY TaKOe O,ll;HOKOpeBHoe,

B KOTOPOM OOCJIe corJI8CHOrO CJIe,n;yeT rJI8CHblH 3By-K. ~ ~~v ~ IIoa8ul. - nOa8U£!!. VlaJ.KU - ZAa ;!'yK.

0 1103HaB8TeJIbHble npH3H8KH opcpor paMMbt - R OBen; CJIOB8

H CTeqeHHe c orJI8CHblX .

Bce 11101 napbl 3S0HKHX 101 rnyxHx cornaCHblX 3SYKOS npeAcTasl1eHbl HH>Ke? ECI1H HeT, npOAOI1>KH 3anHCb .

[6] [8] [r] [)I(] [3] I I I I I

[n] ['*'] [K] [w] [c]

36. K AaHHblM npHl1araTel1bHblM nOA6epH aHTOHHMbl C opcporpaMMo~-nposepfieMoH cornacHoH 6YKSOi:t S KopHe cnosa 101 npOSepO"lHble K HHM.

,lJ;8JIeKHH, llacTblH, m ecTRlfH, THJKeJIbIH, CMeJIblH.

• 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY H ee ono3HasaTe11bHblH npH3HaK. • CocTasb H 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHe C ASyMfI np Hl1araTel1bHbIMIoo1-aHTOHHMaMIoo1 , COCTaab ero cxeMy .

OpcporpaMMa «HenpOBepHeMbl e COrJIaCHble B Kop He CJIOB8.

IIp8Bo IIHc8HHe H enpOBepSleM bIX COr JI8CHbI X B R o pHe CJIOB8

Ha,n;O 38TIOMHH8Tb.

~,~. OnOaHaBaTeJIhHhle npH3HaKH Op<\lOrpaMMbI - KOHeI1 CJIOBa H CTe'leHHe COrJI8CHblX.

37. np04loo1TaH . 06bflCHIoo1 3Ha4eHHe C110a , 3anHcaHHbiX HH)f(e . • Ha~AIoo1 opcporpaMMy-corl1acHytO. Cnloo1wH, nOA61oo1pafl nposepo4-

Hble C110aa K AaHHblM. 0603H~a"lb 0f?CPorpaMMY ·

P06KHH (MaJIbIIII), pOnTaTL* (Ha CYIIL6y), Be3TH (6aralK), BeCTH (pe6eHKa 3a PYKY), YB"IIIIIHH (I1BeTOK), YB"3IIIHH (B cy rpo6e), H3MOPOCL (3a OKHOM), H3MOP03L (Ha BeTKax lIepeBLeB)_

• 1113 enOB, AaHHblX B cKo6Kax, Bblnlo1WH cnoaa C opcporpaMMOHnpoaepfieMOH cornaCHOH B KopHe. 0603Ha'-lb opcporpaMMY.

3anOMHH H pa3J1lf'1aH!

po.Q.KIIH seaTH H3MOpO~h

pOIITaTb Be!eTli H3MOPO,tb -38. npO'-lHTaH. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy I KOTopafl BCrpe'"laerCfI

B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax. no KaKoMY nplo13HaKY Tbl MO>KeWb HaHTH :ny opcporpaMMY? • BCnOMHJ.1 npaBJ.1flO npaaonHCaHIo1J1 HenpOH3H001MbiX comaCHblx B KopHe cnoaa.

TIpa311HHK KTO 6YKBY A

lIo6aBHJI B eJIDBD

TIPA3AHllK? HasepHoe, KaKoH-HH6~e

TIPOKA~HllK! (K. MUI"caAAepc, nep. r. KpY:H<lCOea)

OpqmrpaMMa .HenpoH3HocHMhIe COl'JI8CHbIe B KopKe CJIOBat

'llT06bI He omH6HTbCSI B aanHCaHHH CJIOB8 C aenpOH3-

HOCHMbIM COI'JI8CHhIM, aymao nO,ll;06paTb T81(Oe O,lJ;HO

KOpeRHOe eJIDBD, B KOTOPOM 3TOT COl'JI8CHbIH rrpOH3HO

CHTCSl nepe,n; I'JI8CHblM.

~b(,it - ~umbl Qnuu - oQmb. On03HaBRTeJIhHblH rrpH3HRK Op¢lOrp8.MMbI - CTeqeHHe

COI'JIaCHhIX.

39. np0I.UnaH. no on03HasaTenbHOMY nplo13HaKY HaHAIo1 s AaHHblX enosax opq:.orpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKSbl, 3aTeM SMeeTe

-e nposepOliHblMIo1 enosaMIo1 3anlo1WIo1 Io1X S eOOTseTeTSYtow.yto KonOHKy Ta6nIo1L.1,bI . • 0603Halib opcporpaMMbl . • K KaKIo1M enosaM Henb3R nOAo6paTb npOSepO"'lHble?

,poBepHeMhIe cornaCHbIe B KODDe CJIOBa

HenpoH3HOCHMhIe cornaCBhIe B KODBe CJIOBa

IIoBSl3Ka, 3Be3,lJ;HLIH, MecTHhIH, nOAPy~Ka, JIeCTHHo;a, pe3-

KHH, HHTepecHblH, COJIHrr;e, YJIhl6Ka, CqaCTJIHBbIH, ,lJ;ep3KHH,

cep,I1;n;e, 3,11;paBcTByii, CKOJIb3KHH, meq,cKHH, qeCTHhIH, YCT

HLIH, npeJIeCTHhIH, qyacTBoBaTb, yqacTBOBaTb.

• KaKoe 1013 enoB Tbl He 3anlo1ean HIo1 s OAHY 1013 KonOHoK? nOlieMY? Ha30sIo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 HeeKonbKO enOB, B KOTOPblX HeT Henpolo13Hoelo1Moro eornaeHoro.

40. K nplo1naraTenbHblM S AaHHblX enOBoeOlieTaHIo1RX nOA6eplo1 CIo1-HOHIo1Mbl e Henpolo13Hoelo1MblMIo1 eornaeHblMIo1 B KopHe. • 0603Halib on03HaBaTenbHblH nplo13HaK opcporpaMMbl 101 opq:.o

rpaMMy.

Xpa6phIH BOHB, neqaJIbHhIH B3rJIH,I1;, mecToKHH npoTHB

HRK, orpoMHhlH Meq, 3HaKOM8Ji p;opora, cKBepHaJI norO,l1;a.

IIOlIcKR3Ka: rpycTHLIH, I'HI'aHTCKHH, 6e3)KaJIOCTHhIH, ,11;06-

JIeCTHhIH, HeHRcTHLIH, H3BecTHhIH.

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AaHHbIM .

CnoBo HCKYCHldH BOCXOP;HT K CTapOCJIaBHHcKoMY HCKYC (H

HCKYC) - HCnhITaHHe, OIIhIT. HCKycHLIii - 3Ha'tlHT npome,o;IIIHii

HcnblTaHHe, XOPOIIIO 3HaIOlI\HH cHoe lIeJlO, YMeJlblH. HanpHMep, HCKycHaJI pa6oTa, HCKYCHhIH MacTep, repOllHH PYCCKOH

HapOIlHOH CKa3KH MapL"-HCKYCHHl1a. B CJIOBe HCKYCCTBO BhI,I1;eJIJIeTCSI TOT me KopeHb, a BTopaa

6YKBa C npHHR,l\JlelKHT CY<!><!>HKCY -CTB-.

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• COCraBb npeAIlO>KeHHSI co CnOaaMI-i HCKYCHbIH, HCKYCCTBO Ioi

co Cll0aaMH, BKl1lO""IeHHbIMH B paMKy.

3anoMBH!

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6JIeCHYTb IIJIe~yTb HCKy~h[ii

42. Cnlo1wH, BCTaBb, rAe Hy>t<HO, "pO"y~eHHble 6YKBbl. Hanlo1wlo1 "pOBepo .... Hble enOBa K AaHHbIM • • 0603Ha .... b opcpo- . rpaMMy • • HaHAH B Ka>t<,qoH rpynne enOB OAHO nlo1WHee enoBo, nOA'"IepKHH ero.

1. JIec_HHu.a, yq:aC_HHK, oKpec_HocTb.

2. Y m8c_HhIH, npeJIeC_HblH, BKYC_HhIH.

3. Iloa_HRB, :3Se3_HbIH, MOP03_HhIH.

4. l.Jec_Hhlu, qY,lI;eC_HblH, H CKYC_HbIH.

• B KaKoi:1 rpynne 11Io1WHero enOBa He OKa3anoeb?

I 43. npO .... J.1Tai1 OTPblBOK 1013 eTJ.1XOTBOpeHIo1f1 1< . .0.. 6anbMOHTa • «OceHb». l<aKoH BIo1AIo1T no:n oeeHb? Ha30BJ.1 C110Ba (10111101

enOBoeo .... eTaHIo1S1), nOMoraKl~lo1e no:ny npeACTaBHTb oeeHb KaK )t(l.1BOe cyw,eCTBO.

IIocneBaeT 6pycHHKa, CTMH AaH XOJlO,ll;Hee,

If OT UTJl1ILerO KpHK8

B cep~e TOJIhKO rpycTHee. < ... >

COJlB~e peme CMOOTCH,

HeT B ~eTax 6JIaroBOHbS. * CKOPO Ocem. npOCHeTCH Ii aanJIaqeT cnpOCOHbS.

• B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax 0603Ha""lb 3HaKOM V on03HaaarenbHbie

npH3HaKH opcporpaMM. Bee IlH H3seCTHbie re6e on03HaaarenbHbie "pH3HaKH BCrpenmJ.1Cb B AaHHblX cnoaax? • nOA'"IepKHJ.1 H Ha30S'"

opcporpaMMbl, KOTopble Tbl Hawen no on03HaBaTenbHbiM nplo1-3HaKaM.

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OnHcaHHe MomeT JIH60 H8'tJHH8TbCSI C o6m;ero n pH3H8Ka,

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TeKCT-OIIHC8HlIe CTPOHTCSI TaR:

1. 06~ee BIIeq8TJIeHHe 0 npe,ll;MeTe, SlBJIeHHH, RapTURe. 2. PacKpblTHe rrpH3H8KOB 3TOro npe,nMeT8, .R:BJIeHHSI, Rap

TRHhI B onpe,ll;eJIeHHOH IIOCJIe,ll;OB8TeJIbHOCTH.

3. OueeR8 npe,o;MeT8, HBJIeHHH, KapTHHbI: BhIpaateHHe CDO

ero oTHoDIesHSI K HeMY (K Heft).

(Pp) 44. nOAP06Hoe H3no>t<eHHe TeKeTa-onHeaHHR.

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OceHHHe ,lI;HH

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<poHe rOJIy60ro He6a. BeTep YHOCHT JIHCTbSl. OaH IIoxomH Ha MeJIKHX llTHqeK,

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na.a;alOT, menqyrcH, npow;alOTCS HaBCer,ll;a.

Ha onymKe JIeca pacTyr MOJIO,ll;ble OCHHKR. OceHblO Bce OHM

CTaHOBHTCH paaHOIJ,BeTHbIMH. KameTCSI, 'tJTO B JIecy HM XOJIO,n

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XJIe6 C nOJIeii yme y6paH. qepHhIe rpa'<H 6poIIHT no 3eMJIe, Hm;yT yn9.BIIIHe aepHa. XJIOnOTJIHBhIe COpOKH ceMbSlMH ROp

MSJTCSJ OKOJIO 60JIbIDHX ,lI;opor. M8JIeHbKHe H8XOXJIHBIIIHecSJ

Bop06bH c6HsalOTCH B CT8HKH. XOJIO,ll;aeT. CROPO y,ll;apHT nep-

ShIH Mopoaen;.

(Ilo MM. IlpUWBuny)

4. nepe""Ta>i Ka>K,l\Yto YaCTb. 06paT" BH"MaH"e, KaKHe KapT"Hbl nHcaTe11b pJ.1cyeT enOBaMJ.1, KaKJ.1e npH3HaKJ.1 oeeHIo1 onHeblBaeT, Ha KaKHX AeTa11f1X oeTaHaB11J.1BaeT eBoH B3r11f1A.

5. nepeeKa>t<H Ka>KAYKl .... acTb TeKeTa e onopoH Ha n11aH J.1 K11Kl....eBble e110Ba.

6. 06pant BHHMaHl-le, KaKlo1e npeA"O>KeHHSI (npocTble, npOCTble c OAHOPOAHblMH "UleHaMH, cnO>KHble) Hcno11b3yeT aSTop. npOaHanJ.oi3H

pya:t nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npem1HaHHSI.

7. nOA'"IepKHH H 06bSlcH .... B cnoaax H3BecTHbie Te6e op¢>orpaMMbl.

45. PaccMoTplo1 Ta6n1014Y. C onopoH Ha cOAep>+<aHlo1e Ta6nlo1-4bl COCTaab YCTHblH paccKa3 «no KaKJ.1M npJ.13HaKaM MO>KHO HaHTIo1 opcporpaMMbl a cnoaax 101 Me>KAY cnoaaMIo1».

Op<j>orpllMMbI

rJIftCHble

6YXBbI

COrJIaCHlde

6YXBbI

6YXBbI " H 'h

60JIbWHe 6YXBbI

npo6eJI

On03HOaTeJIhH.hJe npH3HaKH

otxboroaMM

6eaYllapHoe IIOJIOmeHHe rJIac

Horo 3BYKa;

mHnHnl're nepell I' JI8.CHhIMH;

KOBen; CJIOBa;

CTelleBHe corJIftc

HhIX;

MSIJ'KHe cor JIftCHble

Ha KOHn;e H B cepe

,o;HBe CJIOBa;

aByx [H') nOCJIe co · I'JIaCHhIX IIepe,o;

rJIftCHblMH;

IIpHMepbI

~. r7'-. ::lV ' MQPSI - MQPe, A!leXaTb,

qHT~ (.qHtiTb - I cnp.);

v v mYKa, LHH.3Hb;

~.- GbI: fpyc"IHblA-~ ~~T;

v v • oceHll, BOJIhHhIH;

", [A'] ..,,,,[A'] JI~m, £1l~3,o;;

v v mHIISlIQHe Ha KOHn;e HO~h (3-e CKJI.), Mopm (2-e CJIOBa; CKJI.);

v I\Il] "" xOHI\e rJIllroJIOB; Y'lHThCH (Heonp. cp.);

HMSI co6cTBeHHoe; Bepa(co6cTB.),focCHSI

(s06CTB.); Ha,,8.JIO npeIlJIO>Ke· I XcepllueH C Xa>KllbiM HHSI;

IIpe,o;JIOI'H;

qaCTHIJ,a He

AHeM rJISlmy B CJIOBapb. (C.H. MaprnBx)

v • nO,lLropoH;

He XOqV (m.

~

46. PaccMoTpH H npoaHanH3Hpya:t rpacpwolecKoe o603Ha-'-IeHJ1e B cnoaaX-npJ.1MepaX Ta6mtL..I,bl ynp. 45.

1. 4TO o603Ha4aeT 3HaK V? 2. 4TO 0603Ha'-leHO OAHOH 4epToa:t? A AByMSI "'IepTaMH?

3. nO'-leMY He BO Bcex npHMepax eCTb 3HaK YAapeHHR? 4. n04eMY He BO Bcex npHMepax 0603Ha'-teHa .... acTb cnoaa, e KOTOPOH HaXOAHTCSI opcporpaMMa? 5. 4TO 3anHcaHO B cKo6Kax PSlAOM C HeKOTOpblMJ.oi cl1oBaMH?

6. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKOH CMbtCn CKpblT B rpaqntyeCKHX 060-

3Hal.(eHHSlX?

7. lIro Tbl MO>KeWb paCCKa3aTb 0 HamtCaHHH C110B, onlo1paSiCb Ha

HX rpacpw-teCKoe 0603Hal.{eHlo1e?

Oco6eHHOCTH CJIOB, KOTopble IIOMorruoT OlIpe,o;eJIHTb, liTO

CJIe,o;YeT IIHCaTb B TOM HJIH HHOM CJIyqae, Ha3bIBaIOTCSI yenoBH

HMB Bbl60pa opcporpaMMhI. HanpRMep, B npBBRJIe ° HanRca· HHH npOBepSleMhIX cor JIaCHbIX B KopHe CJIOBa RX Bbl60p 3ftBH

CRT OT ,o;ByX YCJIOBHH: OT nOJI~H IIe~JIaCHblMH H OT

HftXOJKAeHHSI B KopHe CJIOBa. 'KopOQKa -"'K0POQ2YKa.

47. npOI.{J.1TaH cnoaa • • PacnpeAenJ.1 J.1X no KonOHKaM, BcraanJu" rAe He06xoAJo1MO, HY>KHYtO 6YKay. npOaHanJ.13lo1PyH AaHHbie a 06-pa3~e rpacpJ.1yeCKlo1e ycnoaJ.1S1 8bl60pa opcporpaMM, c J.1X nOMOUJ,btO acnOMHIo1 opcporpacplo1l.{eCKlo1e npaalo1na Hanlo1caHHSI 6YKB .. 101 ... . • rpacpJ.1yeCKJ.1 0603HaYb ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.

b Ha ROHu;e H B

cepe,ll;HHe CJIOBa nOCJIe

6YJCB. 0603Hft'llaIOJJJ;Hx

MHI'KHe COrJIaCHbIe

CO'lleTaHHSI

'IK, qa, U, JI1I,

nr;a, HIQ;. PW;

Pa3,ll;eJIHTeJIbHLIe

'hUh

06pa3eu 3anIo1CJ.1: CTe~!l.

KO~~U.O

nO"T08b'" (6e3 b) rOHWHK (6e3 b)

CeM!l.~ ~ .. CbeMKa =-=

En_, nOll_ Ta, 30p_Ka, pym_e, HO'tl_HOH, MM_ qHK, TIOJIeH_,

C60P_IIJ;HK, rop_KHH, B_lOmHbIH, alIeJI CHat nOA_e3,o;,

XJIOII_H, IITeH_ qHK, Me,o;Be,lL, KaMeH_m;HK, 06_HBJIeHHe,

• II!lBHJIbOH

~

3,rt;opoB_e, 60raTblp_ , npoc_6a, MOIILHbIH, .z:r;OQ_K8, Bopo6_H, flOA-eM, naBRR_ oH, 6YRh_ H.

Opq,orpaMM8 4: YnoTpe6JIeHHe L An SI 0603HaQeHHH M.HI'KOCTH COrJI8CHhlX 3SYKOB Ha rrHCbMet

BYKBa b 0603HaQaeT MHI'KOCTb COI'n8CHbIX 3BYKOB aa

nHCbMe Ha KOHne H B Cepei\HHe CJIOBa. J J

TIOAe.!!-b, Kane:!!:bKa.

BYRnR L He ITHmeTCSl B COQeT8HHRX corJI8CHhIX 'tIK, lIB,

'IT , fill , J.IJ;H, IIID; , pm;. oJ, V

II mu'tICa, H..Il.H.ltUmb, nO.MO~UIC.

On03H8SaTeJIbH bIe npH3H8KH opq>orpaMMbI - MJUKHe

COI'JI8CHhle aa KOHII,e CJlOBa H B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX.

Op<porpaMM8 "Paa,lJ;eJUiTeJlbHble 1) II b*

Paa,n;eJ1I1TeJIbHbIH 'b DHlIleTCSJ TOJIbKO nOCJIe npHCT8BOR,

OKaB"tIHBarom;HXC.fI aa COl'JIaCHbIe, nepe~ 6YKBaMH e, e, 10, 11 .

Od:{,,,-3a, noltjiM. Pa3,lJ;eJIHTeJIbHblH b IIHmeTCH BHyTpH CJIOB IIOCJIe

6YKB, 0603HaQalOJIViX COl'JI8CH ble 3ByRH ( He n OCJIe

npHCT8.BOK), nepe,lJ; 6YKB8.MH e, e, 10, H , H , a T8.KJKe B

aeKOTOpblX HB01l3bNHbIX CJIOBRX nepe,lJ; 6yt<BOH O.

v v v ~ ~ BblOn, apY~b~. COJl.O~bU, nOlima!l gn. 6Yf} _ n .

On03HaB8TeJIbHbtii np"3HaK opq,orpaMMhl - 3BYK [ il' ] nOCJIe COrJI8CHbIX H nepe,lJ; I'JI8CHbtMH .

- - - ---

KJIIO'IeBbJe CJIOBa TeM.bJ:

opq,orpaMMa ono3H8BaTeJIbHblH npJ.i3H8X opcpOrpaMMbJ YCJIOBIUI BhlfioP8 op<llOrpaMMhl

48. CocTaBb YCTHblH paccKa3 no TeMe «OpcporpaM-Ma», HenOflb3YSl enOBa TeMbl H HX OnpeAeI1e-

~

HIo1S1 . BKntO'"l101 B paCCKa3 caOH nplo1Me pbl • • .lloKa>KH, "4TO AIlS! Toro,

I.tTo6bl HaY'"IHTbCSI npHMeHSlTb opcporpaq:n1'"1eCKHe npaBHna Ha npaKTIo1Ke, Heo6xOAHMO 3HaTb nOHSITHSI, npeAcrasneHHble B 3TOM napa

rpacpe.

(Pp) 49. TeKCT-Onl-tCaHlo1e. npOYIo1Tai1 TeKCT, 03arl1aBb ero. KaKoe HaCTpoeHlo1e Bblpa310111 aBTop? nOAyepKHIo1 CI10Ba, KOTopble nOMorl1H HapHcoBaTb KapTHHY oceH",.

TIPHI'JI .fIAHCb xopomeHhKo - RaK x o pom , K8K KpaCHB

OCHHOBblH JIec , oco6eHHo B .fICH bIe oce H HH e ABU. B nypnyp

HO-KpaCBbIH li 30JIOTHCTbIH ll,BeT OKpame aa JIHCTB8. ~BeTBbIM KOBPOM paCCTHJIalOTCH rro,lJ; ,nepe Bb.flMli orr8Bmlie JIHCTb.fl, a

KOe-I'Ae BHAHbI KpaCBOBaTbIe III8.IIKH rr03AHHX rpu60B-nO,lJ;OCH

BOBUKOB. Em;e ll,BeTyT rrOCJIeABHe D;BeTbI, CJIbIWBhI nTH'IhH

I'OJIoca. I Ii TOJIhKO XOJIO,ll.HbIe o ceHHHe HOQU npeABelll,8IOT CKO

phIe 3a Mop03KH.

(IIo H .C. COICoAo8y-MuICumo8Y)

• BblnHwH OAHoKopeHHbie cnoBa, BblnOI1HH HX pa360p no co

CTaBY·

(Pp) 50. COYHHeHHe-onHcaHHe no nHYHblM BneyaTneHHflM. HanHwH C04HHeHHe-onHcaHHe Ha TeMY «OceHHHH nec».

1. nOHa611fOAaH 3a npHpoAoH, 3a KpacKaMIo1 H 3BYKaMH oceHH . 2. nOAYMai1 HC!A 3aMblCI10M C04HHeHHfI, ccpopMynHpyi1 H 3anH

WH rnaBHYIO MblCl1b, pa604Hi1 nnaH. 3. nOAYMaH, KaKHM 06~HM npH3HaKOM oceHH 6YAeT HaYHHaTb

CSt TBOe onHcaHHe, KaKHe npH3HaKH Tbl 6YAewb onHCblBaTb . 4. HanHwH nepBblH BapHaHT TeKCTa Ha 4epHoBHKe, 3aTeM npo

Bepb, cooTBeTcTByeT I1H TeKCT nl1aHY, nonYYHnOCb nH onHcaHHe (onHeaHbl 11101 npH3HaKH oceHH B npHpoAe, Ha3BaH nH 06~HH npH-3HaK B Ha4ane HnH B KOH4e e04HHeHHSi, Bblpa>KeHO I1H CBOe OTHOweHHe K KapTHHe oceHH). CAenaH Heo6xOAHMbie HcnpaBneHHSi.

5. npoBepb HanHcaHHe el10B, nOCTaHOBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHHfI. 6. nepenHwH TeKCT Ha 4HCTOBHK.

§ 5. HOPMbl npoH3HoweHHII 3BYKOB pe'lH

51. Bbl6epH 1013 B03MO>KHbIX SapJ.oiaHTOB

enOB npaBJ.1nbHbl~ • • 06bSlCHH eBOH Bbl6op.

BOlla - B [O]lIa ---- B [a]lIa

_II [0] pa IIopa ----II [a] pa

'Ia,l\HTb ./ 'I [H]IIMTh "'I [a]IIMTb

l11aBeJIb /"111 [H] BeJIb '111 [a] BeJIb

npOH3HoweHI,HI

rpH6(rpH [6] rpH [n]

/ po [r] por" po [K]

po [x]

52 . npOLlJ.1Taa1 MY>KCKlo1e J.1 >KeHCKHe OT'"IeCTBa. CosnaAaeT m1 npolo13HoweHHe C Ham1caHHeM? liTO npOHC XOAHT C 3nlMH

CI10BaMH npJ.1 n pOH3HoweHHH? nOyeMY Tbl J.1 X np0J.13HOCHWb

HMeHHO TaK?

AHTOHOBHl:J, CeMeHOBl-PI, CTenaHOBH't{, cI>e,l1;OpOBHQ, BaCHJIbeBHa, EBreHbeBHa, TPOc:pHMOBHa, AHToHOBHa.

53. np04J.1Tai1 u.enOL.tKH CIlOB. KaKoH 3syK o603Ha4eH B

6e3YAapHoM n0110>KeHIo1J.1 6YKsaMJ.1 a H 0 nacne TsepAblx cornacHblx? • V13MeHH cnoaa TaK, 4T06bl 6e3YAapHbll1 rnacHblH 6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3syKJ.1 B 310M cnyyae 0603Ha4aK>T

CSI 6YKsaMJ.1 a J.1 o?

,l1;aBHo - Ka3HHTb - MaJIbIm - marrYH - caMa.

Bo,n;a - Hora - GOJIeTb - XO,n;HTb - rOCTHTb.

54. npO'"lHTaH u.enO'"lKH enoa. KaKoH 3SyK 0603Ha'"leH a 6e3YAapHoM nono>+<eHHH 6YKaaMH A, e, H noene MS'lrKHX eornaeHblX? • J..13MeHJ.1 enoaa TaK, '"ITo6bl 6e3YAapHblH maCHblH 6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3SyKH a 3TOM enY'"Iae 0603Ha'"latOTeS'l 6YKBaMH A, e, H?

THHYTb - B3aJIa - KJIHJIaCb - cHami.

Be,n;a - JIeCOK - ce,n;oH - 3eMJIa.

BHceTb - CH,n;eTb - JIHCTaTb - 3HMa.

55. npO'"lHTaa:i TeKeT S paMKe. 03arnasb ero . • Pa36eH TeKeT Ha CMblenOSble '"IaCTH . nOcTaBb K Ka>t<AoH 4aeTH 80-npoc. COCTaBb nnaH . • nepeCKa>KH TeKCT no nnaHy. KaKHe ,~ Hoabie caeAeHHS'I Tbl nonY'"lHn? r ~

JIHTepaTYPHhIH H3bIK HMeeT HOPMbI (IIpaBHJIa) npOH3-HomeHHa. HopMaMH npOH3HomeHHa H y,n;apeHHa 3aHHMaeT

ca HaYKa op«l>oanHH (OT zpett • • op<pOC» - npaMOH, npaBHJIb

HhIH H .anOC» - pe'tJ:b). OHa orrHChIBaeT He TOJIbKO HOPMbI

rrpOH3HomeHHH, ocoGeHHocTH 3BY'tJ:aHHa HeKOTopbIX CO'tJ:eTa

HHH 3BYKOB, rrpaBHJIbHylO nOCTaHOBKY y,n;apeHHH B PYCCROM

H3hIRe, HO H Bce pacxom,n;eHHa B HanHcaHHH H npOH3Home

HHH CJIOB.

BOT HeCKOJIbKO op<jlosIInqeCKHX HOpM (npaB"JI) PYCCKOro H3hIRa.

B IIepBoM npellYllapHoM CJIore [a] H [0] nOCJIe TBeplloro co· rJIaCHOrO IIPOH3HOCHTCH KaK [a]: S[O]lIhI - B [a]lIa, K[O]ChI -R [ a] ca. STO Ha3hIBaeTCH (c aKaHbeM» •

B nepBOM rrpe,n;Y)J;apHOM CJIore nOCJIe MHfROfO COfJI8CHOrO

[a], [e], [0], [H] npon3HOCHTCH KaK [H]: [T'it]HeT - T[n]HYTb, [6'a]lIhI - 6[n]II", [II'M]meT - n[H]caTb, [T'O]K - T[n]KJIa.

STO Ha3hIBaeTCB 4: HKaHbeM» •

B KOHn;e CJIOB H B HX Cepe,lI;HHe nepe,n; r JIYXHMH cor JIaCHbI

MH 3BOHRHe COrJIaCHhIe orJIymalOTCH: HCTpe[G]bI - HCTpe[n],

Tpa[ B]it - Tpa[ <jl ]Ka. QTo6bI JIy'tJ:me 3HaTb HOpMhI rrpOH3HomeHHH, HymHo

nOJIb30BaTbCH op<po::mHQeCKHM CJIOBapeM.

56. npOH3HeeH cnoaa a eOOTBeTCTBHH e HOpMaMJ1 npoH3HoweHHS'I. EenH eOMHeBaeWbCS'I, nOCMOTpH B opcpo3nH'"IeeKOM enoaa

pe HnH • KOHL\e y"e6HHKa Ha c. 196.

llTo, 'tJ:To6hI, nOHHJI, 3eJIeHoro, 6aJIOBaTbCH, TBOpOf, ap6Y3,

,n;OKYMeHT, KpaCHBee, o6ecrre'tJ:eHHe, cJIyqaH, CTOJIHp.

• COCTaBb ABa npeAflo>+<eHHS'I e 3THMi-1 CnOaaMJ.1 . nOA'"IepKHH rpaMMaTH'"IeCKYtO oeHoay.

57. npOl.jJo1Ta~ TeKel, 03arnaSb . C>+<aTO 1013110>+01 era cOAep>+<aHHe . • CnHwIo1, BCTaBnsu~ nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. 0603HaLtb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeeTe nponYCKoB. KaKosa HopMa npoH3HOWeHI<i~ cnoaa Aocyr? BblmtWH era, nOCTaSb YAapeHHe . • KaKHM opcp03m1 .... ecKHM HopMaM nOALtJ.1HSleTCfI npoH3HoweHHe BblAeneHHblX enos?

IIpei\CT_ BJUllO, KIIK BbI Y/LBHTeCb, eCJlH Y3S8_Te, qTO mKOJIa no-rpeqeCKH 3Haq_ T • .zr;ocyr ••

He npaBi\8 JlH CTpaHHO: mKOJIa - H Bi\PY _ i\ocyr? AeJIo B TOM, 'tfTOI rpeKH no,o; ,n;ocyroM nOApaaYMeB8.JIH He

6e3i\em.e, a CB_ 60i\Hble, Ha i\ocyre, D_Cei\L1 ' MYi\P_nOB-<PHJlOCO$OB* co CB_HMH yq_ HHKaMH 0 pa3HbIX HaYKax.

BHa'llaJIe npOBJ];HJIHCb TOJI_KO 6_ce.n;hI, HO n03,l{Hee nO_BH

JlHC& CaMbIe HaCTOJlIr(He aaHSlTHSI, r.zr;e ,o;eTJlM npenO,lLBBJIH

QTeHHe, nHC_MO, ClJeT,

opaTopCKoe* HCKYCCTBO.

rHMH8CTHKY, MY3hIKY, n033Hro,

• (B.B. BOAuIla) ,l\Qcyr qlHJIOCOIj>

58. CmtWH. nOA .... epKHH H3BeCTHbie Te6e opq:,orpaMMbl. • CocTaeb H 3anHWH ceOH npeA110>KeHHfI co cnoeaMH OtcYHH H OKY"", nOA .... epKHH B HHX rpaMMaTH .... ecKylO OCHOBY.

MHe CJIOBO l:;rYAHo l

H3MeHHTb HeTpYi\HO: CKopeH, ceCTpa, Ha phI6

IIoCTaBHM Yi\apeHHe Ha 0 -HCqe3JIO qy,n;HO,

B3rJIHHH,

DOnaJIHCh aa KproQOK2 OHH,

B Bei\epKO PYKY OKYH", POAHJIOCh qY,lJ;HO J

• He 60HC.a:: aTO OKYHH.

(9. K03A08C ICUU)

KJIIO'leBbie CJIOBa TeMLI:

rrp0113HOWeBHe

Y,lIapeHHe HOpMhl

-§ 6_ 6YKBbi 0, e nocne WHnAIqHX • KopHe enOBII

59. npOLtJ.1TaH cnoaa Bcnyx. KaKoH rnacHblH 3SyK CllbIWJ.1TCSI nOA YAapeHHeM nocne WHnJlw,ero B KopHe Bcex cnoB? A KaKHe 6YKBbl nHwYTcfl?

• CcpopMynHpyii npaBHno caMOCTOfiTenbHO. AononHH rpaqnt-.... ecKoe o603Ha .... eHHe ycnoBHii Bbl60pa opq,orpaMMbl.

QhIH ~ ~ ~ fuopOx ~HhIH ~hIH illoil ~blH ~Ka ~------~v __ ------____ _

UCKA.

OpqlOrpaMMa .BYKBbI 0, e nocJle mHnlllI\Hx B KopHe f-I __ --,

CJIOBa.

ECJIH B RopHe CJIOB8 oocJle m Hrr.R:m;erO nOA YAa p eHHeM

CJIhImH TC.R: [0] , TO H8.,lI;O OHC8Th e. .--------;-----~ r---., ~

l1cKJUOQeHHSl : KPbl:JICQ8H. U IC, ULQP OX, W Q8, "anIOUL~H.,

~ -~-Ma~gpH.bLU. :tQnopn bLU.

f!ii;;;c08bLU ; ~ (UCKJI .) . Orr03H8.BaTeJIhm.I..H IIpH3HaK o pqmr psMMbI - mHII~He nepe,n; rJIaCHhIMH.

nonp06yii nOA06paTb K cnoeaM Hdinn.IH, wenoT, '4epHblH OAHOKopeHHbie cnoea-rnaronbl, a K cnoey aqenKa - OAHOKOpeHHoe cy~ecTeHTenbHoe . KaKYIO 3aKOHOMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • EcnH Tbl CAenaewb eepHblii BblBOA, TO OTKpoeWb e~e OAHH BapHaHT opcporpaq:,H .... ecKoro npaSHna.

60. np04HTaH AaHHbie cnOBa. YCTHO 06'bHCHH ycnosHH sbl60pa 6YKS 0, e, Hcnonb3YH mo60H sapHaHT npasH11a . • 06'bHCHH 3Ha1oleHHe BblAeneHHblX cnOB.

jKe;ry,n;b, mecTKHH, n'tleJIK8, wopox, npHlIecK8, WenOT, lIO

nopHLIii::, IIJ;eqKH, peme-rK8, mOB, qeJIKa, qepCTBblH, KpblmOB

HHK, qepHblH, neqeBKa, MamopHbIii:.

• CnpasHncJd A Tenepb 3amtWH AaHHbie cnosa SABa cTon6HKa (C 6YKBOH 0 101 C 6YKSOH e) 101 rpacpH4eCKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHH Bbl6opa 6YKB 0, ii.

61 . CnHwH cnOSOC01oleTaHHH, SCTasnHH nponyw,eHHble 6YKSbi 101 rpacpH10IecKH o603Ha4aH ycnosHH sbl60pa H3Y1olaeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

A_YP8TH8S1 'tI_JIKa, POBBblH ill_ B, ill_JIKOBOe WIaT_e, y30p

BaSI pem_ TKa, 3y6BaSl IIJ;_TKa, CneJIblH Kpblm_BHHK, nyra

IOW;He m _ pOXH, nJI_TeBaSl KOm_JIKa, BKYC_ HaSl nW_BKa,

»t_JIThle »t_JIy,n;H.

• COCTaSb 101 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHH C TpeMH mo6blMH CIlOSOCo-4eTaHHHMH 1013 AaHHbIX.

62 . nOA6epH K AaHHblM cnosaM OAHoKopeHHble, s KOTOPblX rnacHblH nocne wHnHw,ero HaXOAHTCH nOA YAapeHHeM. • 3anHwH, rpactm4ecKH o603Ha4b ycnosHH Bbl60pa AaHHoH opcporpaMMbl no 06pa34Y.

• KaKoH Sap}o1aHT npasHna npeAcTasneH S 3TOM ynpa>KHeHHH?

Q6pa3eu 3anHCH: ~HH6H -~Ka. jKeJITeTh, m;eK8, nqeJI8, meJIKh., neqeBh, TSI»teJIOBaTbIH,

qepCTBeTh, qepTHTh, a8QeCaTh.

• ,QononHH ynpa>KHeHHe 2-3 npHMepaMH.

63. nOA6epH K Ka>KA0MY 1013 cnos nesoH KonOHKH 06'bHCHeHHe ero 3Ha1oleHHH 1013 npasoH KonOHKH . • CnHwH, SCTasnHH Hy>KHyto 6YKSY. r pacpwiecKH o603Ha1olb ycnosHH sbl60pa H3Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

I

•

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6eq_BKa 60,ll;PhIH, BeCeJIhIH

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• CocTasb npeA1l0>KeHHH c ASYMSI mo6blMH cnoaaMH 1013 neaOH KonOHKH.

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MHH8Th.

~.~. OnOaBaB8TeJIhHbI£i: npHaH8K optporpaMMbI - mHnSlW;He

nepe,ll; I' JI8CHhIM.H.

wQcce

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( 3anOMHHI ")

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64. CaMOAHKTaHT. CocTasb 101 3anHWH AHKTaHT 1013 20 cnOB C H3Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMoH, aKnto1olH a Hero cnOBa-HCKnto1oleHHH 11 cnosa C HenpOBepHeMOH 6e3YAapHOH rnaCHOH 0 nocne WHnHw,Hx a KopHe cnoaa 1013 paMKH.

6S. CnHWH, aCTaanHH nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbi 11 3HaKH npenHHaHHH . • rpacpH4eCKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHH Sbl6op~ opcporpaMM.

1. B JI_C8X 11 JII06JIIO peqKH C q_PHOH BJJ;OH H JK_JIThIMH

~B_T8MH Ba 6-p_rax. 2. ITPOTHB BeTp8, CO_Hn;a, K81< nymHH

KH, JI_TeJIH nQ_JIbI. 3. rycb aanYCK8.JI CBOIO ,ll;JIHHHYIO melO

37

B B~PO ~OCT8.B8.JI ce6e BOAY KJIIOBOM nOnJIecKHB8.JI BOAOH Ha

ce6,ff nO'tJ_ CblBaJI liTO-TO nOA KamAblM n-PoM ••• (M.M. IlpHIDB"") 4. Bl\pyr 6eCnplf'IHHHO B napa,I\HOH CT_JlOBOH ,,_nopHoH rocT_e nOKameWh B3b1K. 5. IIblJI8IOT IQ_ KH aa B_ TPY ...

(M.H. IJ;BeTaeBa) 6. YJlbl6HYJIHCb cOHHble' 6-'pe_KH paCTp_na· JIB m_JIKOBhIe KOChI. (C.A. EceHHH) 7. B _ caa, H cae_ P8CT8S1JI

B "'_Jl06e. (C.M. COJlOBbeB) 8. On_JIeHHble orHeM eJIH I Kel\pbl 6'-pe3hI 38COXJIH ••• TOJIhKO cToHKHe K om_ raM JIHCTBeHHH~b1

YICJIeJIH. (C. BOpoHHH)

• HaHAJ.1 npeAflO)f(eHJ.1S1 C OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1 I.tJleHaMJ.1, COCTaSb J.1X cxeMbl.

66. CS060AHblH AJ.1KTaHT. npOl.fJ.1TaH J.1 03arnaSb TeKCT. HaHAJ.1 cnosa, C nOMOUJ.blO KOTOPblX K.r. naycToSCKJ.1H «O>KJ.1SnSleT» npJ.1poAY. 06paTJ.1 oc06oe SHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha nocneAHee npeAflo>KeHHe. nOcTapaHCJI coxpaHIo1Tb npJ.1 J.13nO>KeHIo1J.1 HaJ.16onee flpKlo1e 06pa3bl.

03epo OKOJIO 6epel'OB 6b1JIO 38CblII8HO BOPOX8MH meJITblX

JIHeTheB. IIx 6b1JIO TaR MHOro, liTO MbI He MOI'JIH JIOBHTh pbl6y.

JIecKH JIOmHJIHCb Ha JIHCTbSl H He TOHYJIH.

IIPHxOAHJIOCh 6paTb 'tJeJIa H nJIblTb aa cepe.o;HHY 03epa, I'Ae

l'oJIy6aSl BOAa Ka38.JIaCb lIepHoH. TaM MbI JIOBRJIH pa3HOIJ;BeT

BblX oRYHeH, a ~YKH JISlCKaJIH Ha Hac MeJIKHMH, KaJ( HrJIbI,

ay6aMH. CTOJlna oceRb B CBoeM menTOM HapSlAe, B COJIUu;e If TYM8-

Hax. CKB03h 06neTeBmHe JIeea 6b1JIH BHAHbI ,ll;aneKHe 06JIaRa

H CHHHH rYCTOH B03,ll;YX. 110 HOllaM B 3apOCJISlX BOKPyr Hac

meBeJIHJIHCb H .o;pmKaJIH HH3KHe 3Be3Abl.

(ilo K.r. ilaycmo8cICoMY)

• 0603Hal.fb opc:porpaMMY «6YKSbl 0, e nocne wlo1nflw,Io1X S KOPHe cnosa».

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THXHH mopox, meJIT8S1 JIHCTB8 I , meJIY~H I DOA HoraMH,

'tJepHaSl BOAa, QyryHH8H pemeTKa, I'JIy60KHH meJI06, onycTeB

wee moece, lllenoT oceHHero AO)K,ll.SI, npocTopHhIH KaIIIOmoa.

KmO'leBbJe CJlOBa Tel\-lbI:

(Pp) 68. COl.fHHeHHe-onlo1caHlo1e neH3a)f(a no KapTIo1He 111.111. IlesHTaHa «30noTaSi oceHb».

1. PaccMoTpH penpoAYK41011O KapTJ.1Hbl. 4TO Joi306pa>KeHO Ha nepeAHeM nnaHe? Ha 3aAHeM nnaHe? Ha KaKHe AeTanlo1 Tbl 06-pan ... n BHJ.tMaHHe?

2. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nOl.feMY KapTJ.tHa nonY"IJ.1na TaKoe Ha3saHJ.te? KaKJ.tM HaCTpOeHJ.1eM aHa npOHJ.tKHYTa? nOHfln nH Tbl 3aMbicen XYAO)f(HHKa?

3. KaKHe KpaCKJ.1, oneHKH l.I"SeTOS sbl6pan XYAO>KHJ.1K? KaK OHJ.1 nepeAalOT HaCTpoeHHe, 3aMbicen aSTopa?

4. nOAYMaH, C KaKoro 06w,ero npJ.13HaKa Tbl Ha"lHeWb OnJ.1CaHJ.1e, o I.feM CKa>KeWb nOTOM (KaKHMH HanHcaHbl AepesbA, Tpasa, peKa J.1 He60). Bocnonb3YHcSI npHMepHblM nnaHOM.

nnaH

I. BCTynneHJ1e. YronoK PYCCKOH npJ.1pOAbl S nOrO>KJ.1H AeHb paHN HeH OCeHJ.1.

II. OCHOBHBR 4BCT&. neH3a)f( Ha KapTHHe. 1. 6epe3KH H nec. 2. Tpasa, KYCTbl. 3. PeKa H He6o. 4. HaCTpOeHJ.1e KapTHHbl. 3aMbicen XYAo>t<HJ.1Ka • III. 3BKnI04eHHe. KaK~e MblcnH H I.fyscTsa SbJ3Sana Y MeHJI Kap

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2. cnOBO HEro nEKCH'IECKOE 3HA"IEHHE

§ 7. neKcHKa. neKCH'IeCKOe 3Ha'leHHe cnoaa

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pbes?

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6h1Jlo 06HI\HO. KaThKa - BOT KTO Boo6pamaeTI fuH Kopa6JIeB HHaqe nOHHMaeT aTO CJlOBO? H pemHJI, tJTO cnpomy Y Hero, eCJIH OB npH,ZJ;eT em;e paa. JIo OB He npHWeJI, II TOJIhKO qepea rOA HJIK ABa .H:

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• aa,n;aBaTbca •. (BA. Ka8epUH «p8a I<anUmaHa»)

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40

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71. BepHeMcSI K rnarony .oo6paHCa'lI, 0 KOTOPOM wna pe4b

B ynp. 69. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH B TonKOBOM cnOBape Y4e6HIo1Ka 06'bSlCHeHlo1e (TonKoBaHlo1e) neKCIo1"'1eCKOrO 3Ha"'1eHIo1S1 3Toro cno

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72. npO"'1Io1TaM TeKCT npo ce6S1. LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han? • OTpa

maeT nlo1 3arnaBIo1e OCHOBHYto TeMY TeKCTa?

....-

AKTHBHhIH H naCCHBHhIH* CJIOBapHhIH 3anac

Kam,lJ;hIH QeJIOBeK 3HseT I'Opa3,lJ;O 60JIbme cnOB, tIeM yno

Tpe6JlHeT B cBoeii YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH petIH.

Ho H Te CJIOBa, KOTophIe MhI ynoTpe6JIHeM, MhI ynOTpOOJIJI

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naccHBHhliI JleKCHlleCKoe 3Hat leHJle C.HOBa

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ero JIIO,o;eH, qpeaBbI'IaHHo o,o;apeHH bIM ••• Ho B BCTO·

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ro CJIOBapH )f(HBOrO BeJIHROPYCCKOro H3bIRa ••

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B. H . /fepJl.2UH «Bece8bL 0 PYCCICOM CJlOBe»)

76. np04101TaH cnosapHYto cTaTbto 1013 «TonKosoro cnosapSi >KHsoro 8en~KopyccKoro R3b1Ka» B.I-1. AanSi (ero nepsoe "'3AaH"'e Sblwno B cseT s 1863-1866 rr.) . CpasHH ee c.o cTaTbeH 1013 COBpeMeHHoro «CnosapSi pycCKoro Sl3b1Ka» C.I-1. O>Kerosa. LtTO Tbl 3aMeTlo1n?

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H JIaCOt.IK8 JIllTOM 6YPble, 3HMOH 61lJIbIe. Bl,JIaSl ee6epuqa 3HM

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61lJIaH MorJIO 6bI 03Hat.IaTI. .. . 3HMHIOIO, H XOTH 6efCw.a HHKor

,o;a He 6bIBaeT 61,JIOIO, nO.rryt.IHJIa Ha3B8HHe 67fJl1CU. BeBepK8

3an. nOHbIH'L BeKma, 61>JIKa.

BeJIKa, -H, JIC. He60JIbmOH JIeCHOH 3BepeK-rpbI3YH C nymH

CTbIM XBOCTOM, a T8Kme Mex 3Toro 3BepbKa. Kale 6eJuca e leo.n.ece eepmembCJl (cyeTHTbcH, 6h1Tb B XJIOnOT8x). !!npuA. 6eJIHlIHH, -1108, ~be . BeJl.Ul£bJl wy6fCa.

77 . nOHa6ntoAaH, KaKHMH eL4e cnoco6aMIo1 MO)t(HQ AaTb TonKosaH",e neKCH"IeCKoro 3HaLteHIo1S1 cnosa.

1) HacYnHTbclI (paar.). To me, qTO HaXMypHTbClI. 2) JIernHH. IIpoTHBon. TSI.meJIhIH. JIeZlcuu p1OK3aK . JIerKHH. llpoTHBon. TPY~Hbdi. JIezKuit iJUI,manm. 3) BeccMeHBJ.Iii. TaKOR, KOTOPOro HeJIb3S! HJUr He XOtleTCSI

CMeHHTb, aaMeHHTb. BeCCMeHHblU PYK060iJumeJLb xopa.

• 06"bACHJ.1 nYTeM nOA6opa CJ.1HOHHMOB HllH aHTOHHMOB 3Ha""leHHe enos y ...... T .. e. (lAan .. ), OCTp .. 1ii (MOIH) . • 06".CHH 3Ha4eHHe ell0B '"Iepe3 3Ha'"leHHe '"IaCTeH OCHOB 3TIo1X enOB (npHcraBOK, KOp

HeH I CYCPCPIo1KCOS): npHCTpoHKa. Hecnoco6HblH, 6eCCMblClleHHblH, , CMBOCJIOBHT1J. A nOMO>Ker nH OKOH'"IaHHe nOHATb neKCH"'IeCKOe 3Ha-

'-IeHlo1e cnoaa? A rpaMMant'"tecKoe 3Ha4eHHe? nOyeMY? 06bACHIo1.

78. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT, nocTapaHcSI npeACTaSHTb KapTHHY, nO'"lYB

CTBOBaTb HacTpoeHHe • • 06paTH SHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnOBa.

nOAYMaH, nO'"leMY aBTop Bbl6pan HMeHHO 3TH cnOBa (cpaSHH C

sapHaHTaMH, AaHHblMH B cK06Kax) • • npH He06xOAHMOCTH YTO'"lHH

n o cnOBaplO neKCH'"IeCKOe 3Ha'"leHHe sblAeneHHblX enOB. LITO H3Me

HHTeSl, eenJ.1 BMeCTO HHX ynoTpe6HTb APyrHe 6nH3KHe no cMblcny

enOBa?

Ha JIec, aa JIarepb BaBaJIHB8.JIaCh (llIJIa, H8,lI;BHrBJIach) rpo

aa. CBepxy MellJIeHHO nlll\aJIH (onycKaJIHcb) TyqH. JIHJIOShIe, 6ecnpocBeTHbIe2 , B TOHKHX H KpHBblX IIp66JIeCKaX2 MOJIHHB.

Hx BaTBaH (MSIrKaSl) Macca 3arJIYIII8JIa rpOM, H 6hIJIH TOJIbKO

MOJIHBH H THmHHa.

AJIJIeH onYCTeJIH, ,lI;a'llH npHTHXJIH (3aMOJI'lIaJUI, ycnoKoH

JIHCh). TOJIhKO TpH qeJIOBeKa He YKPhIJIHCh OT rp03hI.

(BJI. KpanU6UIt)

• CnHWIo1 TeKeT B a BTopeKOM BapHaHTe. HaHAJ.1 H 0603Ha'"lb H3y

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2-ro a63au.a • • Pa36ep H no eOCTasy npHnaraTenbHoe 6ecnpocBeT

Hille H eyw,eCTSHTenbHoe npo6neCKH. AaH TonKOBaHl-ie neKCl-iye

eKoro 3HayeHHSI 3TI1X en OB '"Iepe3 3HaloteHHSI yaCTeM cnOB.

46

"....-

79. npO'"lHTaH reKCTbl. KaKafi MblCllb HX 06'beAHHAer?

1 .•... oT6upaTb TO'tlHhle, MeTKHe, OTBeqalOm;Ue CMhICJIY

onpe,ll;eJUleMOI'O 11MB nOHSlTHH MOBa - BOT 3Ma-qa DHCaTeJIH.

••• ECJIH 6bl H 6blJI u;aph, SI 6hI H3,l1;BJI 3rums, liTO nHC8TeJII:.,

KOTOPhlH ynoTpe6HT CJIOBO, 3HaQeHHSI KOToporo OH He MomeT

06'bSlCHHTb, JIHmaerrCSI npaaa IIHCaTb ••••

(JIB. To;,cmou)

2. Moe e,ll;HHCTBeHHoe ,lJ;OCTOHHHe -

PyccKall peqb. HeT HHqerO ,lI;opome,

'1eM q,paaa, TaR 06JIeralO~aH MhICJIh,

KaK 6YIITO 3TO OIlHO H TO me.

m.C. Ca .. wu .. o.)

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>KeCTSeHHora TeKCTa. KaKoe H3MeHeHHe BHeC aSTOp? lIeM MO>KHO

06bSlCHHTb 3TO H3MeHeHHe?

M8.JIb'llHK H8.B3HHTlh* yn8JI aa 3eMJIlO H yrKHYJICH JIHIJ,OM B

JI8,lI;OHH.

Ma.n:b'tlHK BH'tIKOM* ynaJI Ha 3eMJIlO H yTKHyJICSl JIHIJ;OM B

JI8..o;OHH.

• 06bSleHH, KaK Tbl nOHHMaeWb, '"ITO TaKoe To'tHoeTb pe'tH. no

loteMY TO'tHOCTb 101 KeHOCTb pe"lH 83aHMOCBSl3aHbl?

TO'IBOCTh

np8.BHJIhHOCTb

BepHOCTb

6e30mH6o'tIaOCTh

H CHOCTL •

Be,ll;BYCMLICJIeHHOCTb

np03pa'tIaOCTh

nOHHTHOCTh

~

81 . nonpo6Ya1 «KOPOTKO ~ ~CHO» ccpopMyn~poBaTb orBer Ha Bonpoc: .... TO Hy>KHO A1l~ Toro, ~To6bl pe~b 6blna TO~HOa1. 3aKoH~H npeA1l0>KeHM~, Mcnonb3y~ MaTepHan naparpaq:,a.

lJT06Ll peqh 6hIJI8 TOqHOH, Bce CJIOBa ,n;OJImHLl ynOTpe6-JIHTbCH •••

CMhlCJI BLlCK83LlBaHHH HCKamaeTcH, eCJIH • ••

• rpacP~~ecKH o603Ha~b ycnoBHe Bbl60pa H3y~eHHblx opcporpaMM B 1-M npeA110>KeHH .... CBoero TeKCTa .

KnlOtleB ble C .. '10B3 TeMbl :

neKCHlJeCKOe 3H8 t IeHile cnOBB

TOJlKOB8HHe TOJlKOBbtH CJIOBapb

TO'4UOCTb pe'4J..1

MHor03Ha~HOCTb cnOBa.

nplIMoe It nepeHocHoe 3Ha'leHHe cnOBa

82. npO~HTaH OTPblBOK H3 nOBecr .... Il.A. KaccHnR «KOHAYHT H WBaM6paH~SI». Te6e nOH~THO, no~eMy >KMTemt BepxHero H HH)f(Hero 3Ta>Kea1 AOMa «THXOHbKO npe3Hpamt APyr APyra»? KaKoe cnOBO B TeKcre nOMoraer 3TO nOHSlTb? KaKYtO oco6eHHOCTb ynoTpe6neHHSI 3Toro cnOBa Tbl 3aMeTHn?

A B /1YIIIe .Taam THXOHhKO rrpe3HpMH lUlyr ,n;pyra. - IIo,n;YM8ewh, HCKYCCTBO, - rOBOpHJI Y1I3BJIeHHhlH*

nana, - paKoBHHY noqHHHJI • •• ThI BOT Mae c,n;eJI8H

onepaU;HIO YWHOH P8 KOBHHLlI MJIH, CKameM, Tpen8-HanHIO* qepen8 .

A BHH3Y ,n;yMMH: . TbI BOT nOJI83HJI 6hI H8 K 8 paqK8X no,n; nspOB030M. 8 TO

BeJIHK8 WTYK8 - nepbIWKOM qHpKaTb!.

48 \ \

• Tenepb npO~HTaH cnoBapHYtO craTbtO ~3 «CnOBap~ PYCCKDro Sl3b1Ka» C .VI. O>KerOBa. KaKYtO HHq:,OPMal..V1tO 0 cnOBe OHa COAep>KHT? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, ~TO 3amtcaHO nOA u,HcppaMH 1, 2, 3?

PaKoBHRa, -bl, :He. 1. TBep,lJ;bIH 3am;HTHhlH nOKpOB HeKOTO

pbIX 6ecn03BOHOQHblX mHBOTHbIX, 06hIQHO B BR,lJ;e OB8JIhHOH

CTBOpQaTOH Kopo6KH . PaK08una MOJlJf,10CKa. 2. Ha3B8HHe

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-oe. / / YMeHhw. paKYnrna, 'H, :J/C. (K 1-MY 3HaQ.).

1. CKonbKo 3Ha~eHHH y cnOBa paKOBHHa? 2. nO~eMY Bce 3Ha~eHH~ 3Toro cnOBa nOMe14eHbl B OAHOa1 cnosapHoH cTaTbe? 3. Ha ypoKax ~TeH~~ H pyccKoro ~3blKa B Ha~anbHoH WKone Te6e ~aCTO BCTpe~aI1HCb B TeKCTax TaKHe cnOBa. BcnoMHH, KaK OHH Ha3bIBatOTC~. 06'b~CHH, no~eMy MMeHHO TaK . 3anHWH cnOBo-nOHSlTHe, pa36epH ero no cocTasy. 4. AoraAaHc~, KaK Ha3blBatOTCSI cnOBa, y KOTOPblX TonbKO OAHO neKCHl.4eCKOe 3Ha~eHHe. 3anHwH Ha3BaHHe. 5. CaMocToSiTenbHo ccpopMynHpya1 onpeAeneHHe. 6. no KaKOMY npH3HaKY B TonKOBOM cnOBape MO>KHO nerKO HaHTH MHor03Ha~Hoe cnOBO?

ECJIH Y CJIOBa Be O,lJ;BO JIeKCHQecKoe 3HaQeHHe t a ,lJ;sa H 60-JIee, TO OHO SlBJISleTCSI MHOr03Ha'lJIIJIM. SlCHbIH. 1. HPKHH, CH

mo~HH. HCHblU C6em. 2. IIoHSlTHhlH. HC1laJl MblCJlb.

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OCTphill, KHCTh, KJIeB8Tb, Sl3hItlOK t mumKa, roPbKHH, nepe

MeHa, 3aBO,lJ;HTb.

• OAHO 1013 3THX cnOB SlBIlSleTCSI Ha3BaHIo1eM CTHXOTBopeHHSI 60plo1-

ca 3axoAepa. BcnoMHIo1 Io1IlH nepeLtIo1Tai:1 ero (KHHra AIlSl LtTeHIo1J1

«B OAHOM CLtaCTIlHBOM AeTCTBe», KH. 1). Ha LteM nocTpoeHa Hrpa

cnOB 8 3TOM CTHXOT80peHHH? nonp06yi:1 06bSlCHHTb HaYLtHblM Sl3bl

KOM, HcnOIlb3YSl C80H IlHHr8HCTHLteCKHe 3HaHHSI .

84. npOLtHTaH TeKCT. 06paTH 8HHMaHHe, KaKHM cnOBOM «Hr

paeT» aSTop. B KaKHX neKCHLteCKHX 3HaLteHHSlX ynoTpe6IleHo

3TO CIl080? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKoe 1013 3THX 3HaLteHHH npSlMoe,

a KaKoe nepeHOCHoe? KaKaSi CMblcn08aSl C8S13b Me>KAY 3THMH

3HaLteHHSl MH? • YT04HH C80H BbIBOAbl. np04HTaH cnOBapHYIO CTa

TbtO B TOIlKOBOM cnOBape Y4e6HHKa . 06paTH BHHMaHHe, KaKaSi no

M.ha COnpOBO>KAaeT TOIlKOBaHHe nepeHOCHoro 3HaLteHHSI cnosa.

Ra qeTBepTOH illKOJIhI-KOMMYHhl BhIlIIJIH BnOCJIe,o;

CTBHH HaBecTHhle H YBamaeMhIe JIlO,o;H. 51 CaM 06Haa.H

eH OqeBh MHorHM. Ho Tor,o;8, B ,o;eBHTHa,n;U;8TOM ro,o;y,

qTO 3TO 6hlJI8 a8 KallIal KCT8TH, HMeHHO KaIIIa -

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HOH CTeneHH onpe,o;eJIJIJIa IIIKOJIbHhle HHTepeChl •• • Ee

npHBOaHJIH Ha caHSlX, B orpOMHOM KOTJIe, 6epemHO

a8KYTaHHYIO, noxomYlO aa cTapylO 686YIlIKY, H TaR B CaHHX H

aeCJIH BaBepx, B aKTOBhIH 3~JI . BhICTp8HB8JIaCh Oqepe,o;h, H

Ka.m,ll;hlH •• • nOJIyq8JI no JIo.mKe em;e ropSlqeH KamH, ~BOJIbCRR BKYCHOH, C JIon81OIqHMHCH nY3h1pbKaMH.

(BA. Ka8epun e<J(8a Kanumaua»)

~ 85. npOAOfl>K"M Ha6fltoAeH"e . • Ha""" • cfleAytol1\>lX ABYX , TeKCTax cnOBO, ynoTpe6neHHoe 8 npSlMOM H nepeHOCHOM 3Ha-

LteHHH. npOBepb ce6S1: 06paTHCb K pa3Aeny «nOACKa3KH» B KOH-

4e YLte6HHKa. nOAYMai:1, Ha 4eM OCHOBaH nepeHOC Ha3BaHHSI.

1. ,11;8BHO np06HJIO B BeCTH610JIe ,ll;eBHTb, 8 ypOKH He HatIH-

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KaJlH B 06m;eM ryJle H JlOnaJIHCb nY3h1phK8MH.

2. OTen, TOJIbKO tITO BepHyJlcH ,o;OMOH H3 60JlhHHU;hI C ollepa

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KJIOKOTaJl8 Y Hero B rOPJIe. K aaaJlOCb, tITO nana 3aKHneJI.

T • nonp06YH caMOCTOSlTenbHO CAenaTb BbIBOA: nOLteMY y cnoaa

HapfiAY C npSlMblM neKCH4eCKHM 3HayeHHeM B03HHKaeT nepeHOC

Hoe.

86. YKa>KH, a KaKOM cIlYLtae cnoao ynoTpe6neHo B npSlMOM 3Ha-

4eHHH, a B KaKOM - a nepeHocHoM. EcnH COMHeBaeWbCSl, YT04HH

no TonKoBoMY cnoaaplO . • 06bSlCHH, Ha 4eM OCHOBaH nepeHoc

3Ha4eHHSI.

BpeMJI 6emHT, peKa 6emHT, cnopTcMeH 6emHT, cyn 6emHT.

TSlmeJIaSl cy-MKa, TSlmeJlble ,o;HH, THmeJlOe rope, THmeJIblH

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MeHH OXBaTHJIO BOJIHeHHe; BOJIBeHHe Ha Mope. MaMa BOJl

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rOpbKHe MhlCJIH, rophKHH KOcPe, rophKHH qac, rophKaSl

Ta6J1eTK8, *ropetIh cJleat .

• nOA6epH H 3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K cnoaaM nepsoi:1 101 4eTaepTOH

rpynnbl, ynoTpe6neHHbiM a nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH • • 4TO Tbl 3a

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peHHblX cnoa: BOIlHYI014HH, ... Pa36epH no cocTaay OAHOKopeH

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B MHOI'03Ha'tlHOM CJIOBe MOryT 6h1Tb npJIMoe H nepeROCBoe

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npSlMhlM. MhI qaCTO ynoTpe6JISleM CJlOBO B nepeHOCHOM aHaqeHlf1f H

,o;ame He 3aMetIaeM SToro: u8em 80:HC8b, 8peMR JLemum, MO.n.OKO y6e:HCa.n.0. TaKoe CJlOBoYlloTpe6J1eHHe ,ll;JlSI Hac npHBbIqHO.

Ho BOT MhI qHTaeM y JIbBa KaCCliJIJI: .rpOM8.,1\HhIe KpyrJIhIe

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nHCaTeJlh ynoTpe6HJI 3TO BblpameBHe B nepeHocHoM 3HatIe

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BllCT.!16tOJIb 7 a.::s:; \ \ \ \ -r 7 I' 7 ,-"51 \ \

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mapH:ll noxoma Ha 60JIbllHe Ot{IUi, HO MhI YJIOBHJIH :lTO CKPhl

Toe cpaBHeHHe. MeTa<jlQPa

nOl.leMY CIlOB B Sl3blKe 3Ha'-lJ.1TenbHO MeHbwe, 4eM npeAMeToB,

• JlBneHHi:1, Aei:1cTBHi:1, npH3HaKoB - TO eCTb Bcero, 4TO HY>+<HO

• Ha3blBaTb? nonp06yi:1 06bJlCHHTb , Hcnonb3YJl CBOH 3HaHHR no

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BHHMaHHe Ha 3amaBHe CTHXOTBOpeHHJI . '-ITO nOMomo n03TY HapH

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rOCTerrpHHMCTBO

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Ho JIHlIlh 6hI TenJIOe p8.,l\YlIlhe I1.BeJIO B ORBe X03HHCKHX rJI83 .

Ii no JIlo6oii MYApeHoii KapTe MhI STOT CTP8HHblM ,I:(OM H8H,lJ;eM -

r,ll;e ,lJ;JIHHHhIH 'l{aH,

rAe p06KHii <jlapTY". r,n;e paBHO - B ,lJ;eKa6pe Ii B MapTe -

BCTpe'tIalOT

COJIHe'l{HhIM JIHIl,OMt

(H.ll. YmKUH)

• 3anHWH cnOBOC04eTaHHR, B KOTOPblX 6bl cnOBO conHe'tHblH

ynoTpe6nRnOCb B nps:lMOM 101 nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH • • nOA6epH 101

3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K npHnaraTenbHOMY COnHe"lHbIH B TOM 3Ha4e

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1 88. nepel.lJ.1TaH TeKel B paMKe Ha c. 26-27, BcnOMHH, Ka

KOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-OnHCaHJ.1S1 . HamlwH 0 xapaKTepe,

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30JlOTOH, COJIHe'llHhlH, M,STKHH, TenJIbIH, JIerKHH, 6e3-06JIatJHblH2, OTKpblTbIH.

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Tbl 3aMeTHn?

Hoc, -3, oM. 1. OpraH 060HHHH.H, HaxO,I:(HIII,HHCH Ha JIH~e qeJIOBeRa H Ha MOp,ll;e y mHBOTHhIX. IIpRoMou noc. 2. IIepe,IJ;

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, ~KHna.m

• ECTb 11101 4TO-TO 06w.ee Me>+<AY neKCH4eCKHMH 3Ha4eHHs:lMH

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cnOBapHaR CTaTbS! , a 0 cnOBe 3KHna)K - ABe?

53

90. npo"no1Ta~ WYTOI.IHOe CTHxoTBopeHHe M. MIo1TpeHtU1Ha.

I 06pant BHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnoaa. OnpeAel1J.1, 3AeCb ynoTpe6neHo OAHO cn080 Koca B TPEh pa3Hbix 3Hal..jeHH~X HnJ-t TP'" coaepweHHo pa3Hbix cnoaa Moca? npoaepb eBOH npeAno-110>KeHHJI no TOIlKOBOMY cnoaaptO.

CMOTPHT 3aHRa KOCOR,

KIlK /leB'IOHKa C KOCOK 3a peQHOIO KOCOK

TpaBhI ROCHT KOCOK.

• nOHa6ntOAaH, '-fTO o61..1.4ero Y BblAeneHHblX enOB H l.IeM OHJ.1 01-

llHyatoTCJI.

O MOHHMId - aTO CJIOB8 , KOTOPble O,ll;HH8KOBO DH m YTCSJ II

rrpOH3H OCSiTCH, 80 Me*,lI;Y H X JIeK CIilJ.eCKHMH 3Ba'tJeHHSIM H B eT

HHK8KOH CBSl3H.

91 . npOYHTaH npeAn0>KeHHR. B KaKOM 3Ha4eHHH ynoTpe6neHO B Ka>KAOM 1013 HHX enOBO KnlO'IH? ECTb 11101 CMblcnosaSl CBSl3b

Me>t<p.y 3THMH CIlOaaMI1?

1. 'YXO,l1;H H3 ,ItOM8, SI Bcer,n;a 6epy c co6oH KJIIOllH OT KBap

Tllphl. 2. KJIIOl{H OT CqaCTbSl meHCKoro, OT HameD: BOJIhHOH

BOJIlOmKH, aa6pomeHhl, nOTepHHbI ••• (H.A. HeKpacoB)

3. B rJIYXOM OBpare 6hlOT qHCTbIe cTYAeHble KJIlOqH.

OMOHHMJd HymHo OT JIHQaTb OT MHor03H8'1HhlX CJIOB.

ECJIH MeJKAY AByMH CJIOBaMH, OARHaKOBhIMH no 3ByqaHHIO

H HanHcaHRIO, eCTh CMhlCJIOBaH CBH3b, OHH He HBJIHIOTCSI OMO

HHM8MH.

Kl£lOl£U om 1C6apmUPbt Ii KJUOI£U om CllaCmbJl. - MHOr03H8'LJ

HOe CJIOBO B npSIMOM H rrepeHOCHOM 3H8qeHHH. KI£JOI£U om /C6apmUPbl Il /ClUO'tU (pOI\HHKH) - OMOHIlMhI.

1 92. QrraAaH 3araAKJ.1, KOTopble npeAllaraeT y ... eHbIH-llJ.1HrBJ.1CT

~.6. rOlly6 B OAHOH J.13 CBOJ.1X KHJ.1r AIlSl WKOllbHJ.1KOB. npoBepb ce6S1

(c . 205) . • CocTaBb J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 npeAllO)f(eHJ.1S1 co CllOBaMJ.1-0MOHJ.1-

MaMH.

1. lia K8.KorO KpaHa He JIbeTCSI BOAa?

2 . KIlKOH JIyK He KJIa,u;yT B cyn? 3. KaKOH mypaBJIb HHKorAa He JIeTaeT?

4. B K8.KHX JIecax BeJIh3S1 3a6JIYAHTbC.a:?

5. KaROH ry6KoH BeJIb3JI MhITbCSI?

6. KaKOH JIonaTKoH He BCKonaemb rpSlAKY?

7. KaRaH ryceHu:a;a He rO,zi;HTCSI AJISI TaHKa?

93. n03HaKoMbcSI co clloBapHblMH CTaTbSlMIo1 1013 «CllOBapSi OMo

HIo1MOB pYCCKoro Sl3blKa» (aBTop-COCTaBIo1Tenb O.C. AXMaHOBa).

KaKYtO Io1HcpopMa~lo1K> MO>KHO H3Bne ... b 1013 3Toro CllOBapfil

JIaKKa I - II JIaiht8 I. Ha3BaHHe IIOPOAhI OXOTHUQbHX, IIPOMhlCJIOBhIX

co61lK ... JIaKKa II. COPT MHrKOH Komll .... JIaU/c06blU.

llJIllBHTh I - II nn8BHTb I .... IIJIaBHJIbHHK, UJI8BHJIbHblH,

IIJI8.BKHH, cumlBHTb I. IIJw6umb MemllJt.l!, 'tyzyn, Meob, pyoy. nJl8BHTb II .... CrrJIMHTb II, CllJI8.BIIl;HK.

IIJla6umb /lee, 6pi!6na.

IIJIaBK8,

94. CocTaBb 101 3anlo1WIo1 cnOBoco ... eTaHIo1S1 Io1nlo1 npeA110>KeHIo1S1

C OMOHIo1MaMH. npH Heo6xoAlo1MOCTH MO>KHO YTO ... HHTb neKCIo1-

... eCKoe 3Ha ... eHlo1e no cnoBaptO OMOHHMOB Hnlo1 no TonKoBoMY

cnoaaptO.

KOBeK t , KOTHK, JIHTb, HorOTKH, OQKH t, rrapK, rrepeBecTH,

UJIHT8, nO,lI.XO,ll;HT2, ThMa, YBH3aTb, yxo,re , 3KHnam.

K~'1lOqeBbJe CJIOBa TeMbI:

JIeKClf4eCKoe 3H8 1leHHe CJIOB8

MHor03H8l.JHble CJlOB8

,O,.,OHJ.tMbI

5&

CJIOBapb OMOHliMOB

TOJIKOBbIii CJIOB8Pb

§ 8. CHHOHHMbl

95. np0l.uHai:1 OTpblBKH 1013 KHJ.1rH to .K. OneWJ.1 «Tp/.1 ToncTJIKa» • • 06paTH BHIo1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble napbl enOB. BcnOMHIo1, KaK Ha3blBatOTCSJ TaKHe cnoaa, 410 y HJ.1X o6~ero J.1 "'4eM OHJ.1

OTIlJ.1l.fatOTCSI, KaKYtO ponb HrpatOT B pel..lJ.1 • • nonpo6y~ onpe

AemtTb, SlBnsllOTCSI nJ.1 CHHOHHMaMJ.1 BblAeneHHble cnoea, C KaKoi:1 ~enbto aSTOp Hcnol1b3yeT "'X B TeKeTe. nposepb ce6S1 no T011-KOBOMY cnoaapto, o6paTHcb K cnoaapHblM CTaTbSlM \.13 Cll0Ba

pSi CHHOHHMOB.

1. CTPaHHblH qeJIOBeK He 6e~aJl, a Hikes H3HID;HbIMH CK8Q

K8MH, eJIe K8caSCb aeMJIH, IIo,lJ;o6HO 6aJIeTHoMY TaH~Opy.

2. TPH TOJICTHK8 XOTeJIH BOCIIHTaTb 3JIorO, meCTOKoro H8-

CJIe,n;HHK8. Era JlRIDHJIR 06m;ecTB8 AeTeii Ii YCTPOHJIH eMY 3Be·

pHHeI\ . Ho ,n;eJIO CJIOmHJIOCb He TaR , RBK Toro XOTeJIH TOJICTHKH.

H a CJIe,n;HHK TYTTH npHJIe.iKHO ytlHJlCH, CJIymarr CTpaIIIHbIe

JleTOnHCH 0 r e pOHX H u;apHX ••• HO He CTaHOBHJlCH .meCTOKMM.

• nOHa6ntOAaH, OTnJ.1'"1atOTCSI nJ.1 OTTeHKaMJ.1 3Ha'-leHJ.1S1 cno

Ba-CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl 6e)f(an J.1 HiiceSi. npOBepb no TonKOBOMY cnOBaptO •

• nOyeMY He SlBllSitOTCSI CJ.1HOHJ.1MaMJ.1 Cll0Ba 3nOH, )KeeTOKHH J.1 6e3-

AYWHbIH? npOBepb CBOJ.1 BblBOAbl no Cll0BaptO.

96. npOYJ.1TaH clloBapHble CTaTbJ.1 J.13 ({Cll0BapSi CJ.1HOHHMOB

pyccKoro Sl3bIKa». KaKYtO J.1HtPopMau,J.1tO MO>KHO nOllYYJ.1Tb J.13

3Toro clloBapSl? 4TO 03HayatOT nOMeTbl B cK06Kax?

,l(OOPbIH, ,n;06pO,n;YIIIH bIH, 6JlRro,n;YIIIHbIH, ,n;o6pocep,n;e'tlHbIH,

MHr Kocep,n;e'tlHhI:H; MHJIOCTHBbIH (ycTap.).

IIe'l8.JThHo, HeBeCeJlO, Hepa,n;oCTHO, rpyCTHO, cKop6HO, 6ea

pa,n;OCTHO, 6eaoTpa,n;ao, TOCKJIHBO. roph Ko, .marro6Ho; .mar[QeT

HO (paor.).

1 CHHOHHMLI - STO CJIOBa O,n;HOH H TOR )Ke qRCTH petJ]1, KOTO-

p hIe 0603HaQruoT O,n;HO Ii TO me, HO MOI'yr OTJI1.ItIaThCH ,n;pyr OT

,n;pyra OTTeHKaMH JIeKCH'tIeCKOrO 3HaqeHHH H ynoTpe6JIeHHeM

B peq H. J(YMamb, MbLc.numb. P aaOcmb, Jl,Ulcoeanue.

CJIOBO *CHHOHHM. npoHcxo,n;HT OT zpett . synonymos - O,n;HO-

HMeHHbIH.

CHHOHHMOB B O,n;HOM pH,n;y MomeT 6bITh ,n;Ba, TpH H 60JIhIIIe.

3aaHHe H HCnOJIh30BaHHe B peqH CJ]OB-CHHOHHMOB nOMora-

eT TOqHee BhIpaaHTh MhICJIh, H36emaTh nOBTopeHHH o,n;Horo H

Toro me CJIOBa.

KaK Tbl 6YAewb onpeAenSlTb, SlBllSltOTCSl llJ.1 cnOBa CJ.1HO- &l ,

97. npO'-lJ.1TaH TeKCTbl . HaHAJ.1 CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl J.1 onpeAellJ.1, C KaKoH

u,ellbtO nJ.1CaTenJ.1 J.1X J.1CnOnb3ytOT: YT06bl He nOBTopSlTb HeCKonbKO

pa3 OAHO J.1 TO >Ke cnOBO; AIlSl TOHKoro pa3rpaHJ.1'-1eHJ.1S1 OTTeHKOB

CMblcna, 60nee TOYHoro Ha3bIBaHJ.1S1 nOXO>KHX CSOHCTB ; '"IT06bl

HapHCOBaTb cnOBaMJ.1 SlPKYtO KapTJ.1HY, C03AaTb 06pa3 • • BblnJ.1WJ.1

CHHOHHMbl H3 Ka>+<AOrO TeKCTa.

1. CHHJIO COJIHII;e, Ba,ll;hIXana CTerrh, 6JIecTeJIR T pasR B 6PHJI

JIHRHTaX ,n;O.m,ll;H, H aOJIOTOM CBepKana peKa. ~ (M. rOPb/CUU)

2. B BOa,ll;yxe aa,n BepIIIlIHRMlI ,n;epeBhe B peHJIH orpoMBhIe

CTpeK03hI H ,n;pyrHe BaceKOMhIe TaKHX me rHraHTCKHX pa3Me-•

pOB; H3pe,n;Ka npOHOCHJIHCh IlTepo,naKTHJIH, npeCJIe,ll;OBaBIIIHe

3THX HRceKOMbIX. Ha ceBe pHOH OKpaHHe nOJIHHhI naCJ]OCh

60JIhIIIOe CTa,n;O Hm;epOB.

(ITo BA. 06py.eBY «IT.nymoltuJ<»)

98. nOA6epJ.1 J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 CHHOHHMbl K AaHHblM cnOBaM. ,QOKa>KH,

'-ITO Tbl 3anHcan HMeHHO CHHOHHMbl • • 4eM OTllH'-IatOTCSI APyr OT

Apyra no 3HaLfeHHtO CJ.1HOHIo1Mbl B Ka>KAOH rpynne?

I'pYCTb •••. MHr, ... MeTeJIh, ... Y,n;HBJUIThCH,

H,n;TH, .•. CMemHOH, KpaTKO, •..

99. nOA6epH H 3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Ha~eHHstM MHoro-

3Ha"iHbIX enOB. npoaepb ce6st, nocMoTpH B pa3Aene «nOACKa3KH» 3 KOHu,e YLte6HHKa (Co 205) . • 4TO Tbl 3aMentnl KaKOH BblBOA MO)f(

-10 CAenaTb?

[

(KOHb) .•.

Be ("eJIOBeK) •• .

>KHT (BpeMH) •.• (pY"eH) •••

E (B3rJIHi\) •••

XOJIOi\HblH (B03i\YX) . .. (3HMa) •••

E (nyx) ...

JHirKHH (3ai\a"a) •.. (xapaKTep) •••

100. nonpo6yii ce6. B ponH nHTepaTypHoro peAaKTopa. OnpeAenH, KaKHe peL4eSble OWJ.16KH AonYU4eHbl B npep,nO>KeHH-

• stx. LITO Hy>KHO CAenaTb, I.U06bl HX HcnpaSHTb? • 3anHWH npeA_ nO>KeHI1J1 B HcnpaeneHHOM BHAe.

1. C 3THM 6e,ll;HbIM qeJIOBeKOM CJIytlHJIaCb 6e,.o;a1• 2. 1I3-l:\8JIH P;OHOCHJIaCh netI8JIhH8.SI necHa H CBORM neqaJIbHhlM MO

rHBOM H8BeB8.JIa neqaJII:, ' . 3. TeMU8H rJIy6HH8 TeMHoro JIeca

nyraJIa nYTHHKOB. KOTophIe B TeMHOTe 60SlJIHCb C6HTbCH C

OYTH. 4. 3a6aBHble paCCK83b1 3a68.BHOrO CTapHKa 3a68.BJIHJlH

ero BHyKOB. 5. 'YTKH 6b1CTPO nepeJleTaJIH C MeCTa aa MeCTO,

DblCTPO MaXaJI CBOHMH 6b1CTPblMH KPblJlbHMH. 6. Cpe,ll;H nyr

HHBblX mHBOTHblX caMble nyrJIHBble - aTO nyrJIHBaH JIaHh H

nyrJIHBbll1 3aHn;.

CUHOHUMhl

(H 3 ,,/tuzu H.B. rOAy6 «MoR. CaAtaR. nepeaR. KHU:HCKa 0 CJW6ax>})

KJIIO\leBLle CJlOBa TeMbl:

TOtfHOCTb petfH

CJlOSapb CHHOHHMOB BblpaaUTeJlbHOCTh pelut

1 § 9. AHTOHHMbl

10t. npOLtJ.1TaH OTPblBOK J.13 nOBeCTJ.1 B.n. KaTaeBa «6eneeT napyc OAJ.1HOKJ.1H» • • 06paTJ.1 BHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble cnoBa • • KaK Ha3blBalOTCJI TaKJ.1e napbl cnOB? B LteM J.1X oco6eHHOCTb? • KaKYIO ponb J.1rpalOT 3TH cnOBa B AaHHOM TeKCTe?

OCTOPO>KHO. 06eHMH PYKaMH OTKpblBRH TH>Ke. rj -:-,,-..,-::--~ JUde CKpHnY'tlHe ,lI;BepH, IIaBJIH K OTnpaBHJlCSI

B rOCTHHYIO. 9TO 6b1Jlo 60JlLmOe nYTemecTBHe

MaJIeHhKoro MaJIb'tlHKa no nYCTblHHol1 KBapTHpe.

TaM BnoTbMax, HanOJIHHH BCro KOMHaTY CHJIb

BhIM 38naXOM XBOH, CTOHJIO nOCpe,ll;HHe He'tlTO

rpOM8)l;HOe, cMYTHoe, ,11;0 caMoro napKeTa onyc

THBmee TeMHble Jlanbl B npOBHcmHX 6YMamHblx n;euHx. IIpHBbIKHYB K TeMHOTe, IIaBJIHK yBH,lI;eJl B yrJIy CTOJlHK C

nO,ll;apKaMH. IIo,ll;apKH 6hIJIH npeBOCXO,l1;Hble, rOpa3,1l;0 JIyqme,

'tIeM OB mKH,lI;aJI. O,ll;HaKO MaJIb'tl1:lKY SToro nOKa3B.JIOCb MaJlO.

OH nOTHXOHbKY nepeT8lD;HJI 1:13 ,lI;eTCKOB B rOCTHHYIO Bce CBOH

CTaphle HrpymKH, B TOM lIHCJle H 060,ll;paHHYIO Ky,z:J;JIRTKY,

H npHCOe,ll;HHHJI K ROB:bIM. Tenepb HrpymeK 6b1JlO MUoro, KaK

B Mara3HHe • ••

t 02. npOLlHTaH CTaTblO J.13 «3Hu,J.1KnOneAHLteCKOrO CnOBapJl IOHoro c:pHnonora». liTO Tbl Y>Ke 3Han 06 aHTOHHMax H LtTO Y3Han HOBoro H3 3TOH CTaTbJ.1? • 3AAaH Bonpoc K Ka>KA0MY a63au,y TeKCTa. 3anJ.1wJ.1 CnO>KHbIH nnaH, KOTOPblH Y Te6S1 nonyLtHnCR, CpaBHJ.1

ero C nnaHOM Ha c. 205. • nOAroToBbcJI AOMa paccKa3blBaTb no 3TOMY nnaHY.

AHTOHHMhl - 3T0 CJIOBa C npoTHBOnOJIOmHhlMH aHalleBHHMH.

CJIOBO caHTOHHMt npOHCXO,ll;HT OT zpe'L. *SHTH-t - npoTHB H

*oHHMat - HMSI: eOpRl{,UU - XOJloihtblU. eope - paiJocmb. epae -apye, .MaJlO - .MH020, BceziJa - HU1CoziJa, ao - nOCJle .

AaTOHHMhl - aTO JIUmb Te CJIOBa, KOTo phle MoryT 0603Ha

lI8Tb CTeneHb npH3H8Ka (BanpHMep: muxuit - ZPOM1CUU, Be,11;b

MomHO CKaaaTb: 60Jlee ZPOM1CUU 3BY1C, 60Jlee muxuz'i); npOTH

BOnOJIO)RHO HanpaBJIeBBble ,lI;eHCTBHSI (nOanUMambcR -

onYC1CambCJl.), TOtIKH npOCTp8..HCTBa H BpeMeHH, pacnOJIOjReH

Hble KaK 6bl Ha pa3HblX nOJIlOcax npOCTpaHCTBeHHOH H Bpe

MeHHOH mKaJIhI (6epx - nU3, n03ano - pano). eJIOBa, KOTO

phle 0603HaQalOT KOHKpeTHhIe npe,lJ;MeThI, KaR npaBHJIO, He

HMelOT IiHTOHHMOB (uucarp, 6YMaea, 6apeltbe). B xy.n;OjReCTBeHHoH JIHTepsType, oc06eHHO B n033HH, aa

aHTOHHMax 6h1Baerr OCHOB8H8 Bhlpa3HTeJIbHSSI cnJIa npOH3Be

,lJ;eHnH. BOT, HanpHMep, HaQ8JIO OAHoro H3 CTHXOTBopeHHH

M.M. IJ;BeTaeBoii: IIOJIlO6HJI 60raThlii - 6e/lHYIO, IIOJII06HJI yqeHhlH - rJIynylO,

IIOJIlO6HJI PYMSlHhlH - 6JIe/lHyIO, IIOJIlO6HJI xopomHH - Bpe/lHYIO, 30JIOTOH - nOJIymKY* MeAHYIO.

AHTOHHMbI - aTO CJIOB8 OAROH H TOR jRe QaCTI1 pe'tlH C rrpo

THBonOJIO>KRhIM JIeKCHQeCKHM 3HaqeHHeM. ~o(jpo - 3JlO.

103. np041<1TaH cnoBapHYto CTaTbto 1<13 «CnOBapR aHTOHHMOB

PYCCKoro R3b1Ka» M.P. JlbBoBa • • KaKYto HHcpopMau,I<1to MO>KHO

I<13Bne4b 1<13 3Toro cnOBapR, CYAR no cnOBapHOH CTaTbe?

JIacKa - CTpOrOCTh

JIaCKa B roJIOCe - C1"p01'OCTJ. B roJIOCe. llpoHBJIHTh nacKY -

npoSIBJIHTh cT»Orocn. 0 KTO He MOjReT B3HTh JI8CKOH, TOT He

B03bMeT H CTPOroCTLJO. (A.II. tIexOB. 3anHCHble KHHmKH)

104. Cnl<1WH aHTOHHMbl, crpynm1poBaB HX no 4aCTAM pe41<1.

06'bRCHI<1, 4TO o603Ha4aeT Ka>KAaR napa aHTOHI<1MOB • • BCTaBb

nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl, 0603Hal.fb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeCTe npo

nYCKOB.

1) BJIar-'pO,lJ;HbIH - HH_KHH, 6nu_ KuH - A8JIbHHH, BBepx -

BHH_ , B3JI_TaTb - Ca/lHT_CSI, B'l_ pa - 3aBTpa, /lPYlK6a -Bp_m.n;a, 3aIIL~aTb - Han o.JI:aTh , JI106HM hIH - HeH8.BHC_HblH,

Ha.n;em.n;a - OTlJ._S1HH e , on TaMH3M~: - neccHMH3M*, npH-

6JI lKa TbCSI - Y IL JISiTbeSi. ;HM H3M I 2) PaCCBeT - 3B.KaT, .n;:eHb - HOllb, npK1IHB - OTJIHB,

~4 , t-:CHMH 3M 60

3) PaBHo.n;:ymHblR - OT3h1BtIHBhIH, cKynoR - ID;e.n;phIii, •••

• .nOnlo1WI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl BO 2-to 1<1 3-to rpynnbl.

iDS. nOA6epl<1 1<1 3anHWH aHTOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Hal.feHI<1RM

MHOr 03Hal.fHOrO cnOBa. LITO Tbl 3aMeTHn? KaKOH BblBOA MO>KHO

CAenaTb?

MSlrKHH (eBeT) - ••. MSlrKHH (xapaKTep) -MSlrKHH (KapaH/lam) - .•• MSirKHe (BOJlOehl) -MSirKaSi (6YJlKa) -

eepbe3HhlH ('leJIOBeK) - •.• eepbe3HhlH (CJIyqaH) - . •• (/lymeBHhlH) nOKOH - .•• (Ha Mope) nOKOH -

THXHH (HpaB) - ... THxaSi (e3/1a) - ••• THXHH (rOJIoe) - .•.

106. npOI.fl<1TaH 1<1 nepeCKa>KI<1 TeKCT. 06paTI<1 BHIo1MaHI<1e

Ha THn TeKCTa (':tTO 3TO: Onl<1CaHI<1e I<1nH nOBecTBoBaHlo1e?).

B KaKOM CTI<1ne Hanl<1CaH 3TOT cpparMeHT? nonblTaHcR 060CHO

BaTb CBOto TOI.fKY 3peHI<1R • • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOAl.fepKHI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl.

nOAYMaH, C KaKoH ~enbto aBTop I<1cnonb3yeT TaKoe KonH4e

CTBO aHTOHI<1MOB (o6paTH BHI<1MaHHe Ha TI<1n TeKcTa).

MOJIOAOH HID;ep 6hIJI POCTOM BhIme qeJIOBeKB; ero He

YKJIlOmee TeJIO nOKOHJIOCh aB TOJICThIX H ,Il;JIHHBhIX2

3a,lJ;BHX

Borax H TOJICTOM, B KOH~e cpa3y YTOHtIaBmeMCH XBOCTe;

nepe,ll;- HHe Horn 6h1JIH KopOTKHe H TOHKHe H HMeJIH no nHTH

naJIb~eB C He60JIbmHMH OCTphlMH KorTSlMH, Tor.n;:a KaK aa

3a,ll;HHX 6bIJIO no TpH naJlb~8 C 60JIbmHMH, HO TynhIMH

KorTHMH. ITo BceMY CKJIa,ll;y TeJIa 6hIJIO O'leBH,lJ;HO, QTO

mHBOTHoe npe,ll;nOQHT8JIO BepTHKaJIbHOe nOJIOjRoeHHe3 ropH-

30HT8JIbHOMY, TaK KaK npH nOCJIe.n;HeM ero 38AHSIH nOJIOBHHa

no.n;HHM8JIaCb 3HRlIHTeJIbHO BhIme nepeAHei1. rOJIOBa 6b1JIa

60JIbmaH, ,Il;OBOJIhHO npoTHBHoro BHAa, C o6BHcmHMH

MHCHCTblMH ry6aMH H M8JIeHhKHMH rJIa3KaMH' 2.. TeJIo 6b1JIO

COBepmeHHO rOJIoe, KaK y JIsrrymKH, a Koma H8 om;yUb TaK8SI

jRe CKOJIb3KaH H XOJIOAHaSl. (BA. 06py<ee .rrJlymol<uJ<')

• BblnJ.1WI1 aHTOHJ.1Mbl, 0603HaYb B cnosax J,13yyeHHble opcpo

rpaMMbl.

KJllOlIeBLle CJ10na TeML1:

JleKCJ.l1.reCKoe 3H8t.IeHne CJlQB8

BHTOHJ.1Mbl

§ 10. MopljleMa - 3Ha'lHMall '1aCTb (noaa

BcnOMHH BCe I lotTO Tbl 3HaeWb 0 '"IaCHIX CI10Ba. OTSel.faSi Ha

BonpOCbl, nplo1BOAH npHMepbl. i. CKonbKO acera cy~ecTByeT '"taCTeH Cll0Ba? Ha KaKlo1e rpynnbl

Io1X MO>t<HO pa3Aelllo1Tb?

2. AaH onpeAelleHlo1e 1013BeCTHbiX Te6e '"taCTeH CllOBa.

3. B KaKoH '"taCTIo1 CllOBa 3aKllto'"teHO ero rpaMMaTIo1'"teCKoe 3Ha

'"teHlo1e? KaKoBbl cpyHKU,Io1H 3TOH '"taCTH clloBa?

4. KaKHe '"taCTIo1 CllOBa BXOART, a KaKlo1e - He BXOART B OCHOBY

Cll0Ba?

S. MO>t<eT nH cnOBO COCTORTb TonbKO 1013 KOpHR? TonbKO 1013

OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 npIo1CTaBKIo1, CYCPcplo1Kca 101 OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 KOpHR

H npIo1CTaBKIo1?

107. npO'"tIo1Tai1 CTHxoTBopeHHe 3.r. 6arpHu,Koro, o6paTIo1 BHHMa

HHe Ha BblAeneHHble CllOBa. KaK 6bl Tbl HX crpynnlo1poBan? • BblnH

WH cnOBa rpynnaMH, BblAenH OCHOBY B Ka>t<AOM cnOBe H '"taCTH,

BXOAR~He B COCTaB OCHOBbl • • BblAelll-1 OKOH'"taHHR.

IITHI\eJIoB (B cOKpa..m;eHHH)

TpY,!lBO ,!IeJIO nmuz;eJt06a: 3aY'IH nOBa.z\KH nTHQbH, 110MBH speMH nepeJLemOB, Pa3BhIM nocBucmoM CBucmu.

I Ho, m8T8HCh no .o;oporaM, IlOA aa60paMH HOtIySl,

,lJ;HAeJIh aeceJI, )l;H,lJ;eJIh MomeT llecHH neTh Ii nmul{ ./106umb.

B 6Y3Un€, ChIPOH If KpyrJIOH, CaJIOneH YA8PHT Ay,n;KOH, Ha COCHe aBeBIiT CHBHI\hI, Ha 6epeae 3H6JIHK 6beT.

H BbIT8CKliBaeT ,!I;H.l(eJIb

lia KOTOMKH aanone,n;HOH TPH MaHKa - Ii KamAOH IITHlJ,e

IIocBSlm;aeT OR MaHOK.

,u;yaeT OR B MaHOK 6Y3unnbLU, H 3BeHHT MaHOR 6Y3HHHbIH, -

1'13 6Y3HHHoro IlpHKphIThH

OTBeqaeT COJIOSeR.

,D;YHeT DB B MaHOK cocn08bLU, II CBHCTHT MaHQK COCHOBbIH, -

Ha caCHe B OTBeT CHHHll.bI

PaCChIIIalOT 6y6eHI\hI.

~f. t

CpaBHIo1 CBOH onpeAeneHHR '"taCTeH cnOBa C AaHHblMIo1 HIo1>t<e.

LfTO Tbl 3aMeTIo111?

KopeHh, npHCT8BKa, CY<P<PHKC, OKOHttaHHe - 3TO 3H8-

t{HMble tIaCTH CJIOBR, HJIH Mopf)eMhl. P83,lJ;eJI H3bIK03HaHHH, H3yqarom;HiI MoP<l>eMhI, a83bIBReTCH

MopcfleMHKoii •

O c a OBa - :lTO lIaCTb CJIOBa 6ea OKOHT-I3HHH H ¢lOpMoo6paay

IOII\HX CY<P<PHKCOB. I'YCCI<,UU, ,nOCJW8Ulja, , noex<l,ll~ ,6poco';;;;.

B OCBOBe CJIOBa 3aKJIIOlIeHO ero JIeKCKtIeCKoe aH8QeHHe.

O ROlNaHlle - aTO H3MeHHeMaSl qaCTb CJlOBa, B KOTOPOH 38-

KJIIOtIeHO ero rp8MMaTHlIeCKoe aHaQeHHe. OKOH'lI8.R.He o6paay

eT <P0PMY CJIOBa I'! CJIYlKHT IIJIH CBH31'! CJIOB B CJIOBOCO'IeTaHl'!l'!

H npe,llJIOJKeHHH . Ocennlezol 8emp im , OKO~aHHe CJIOBa MomeT 6bITb aYJIeBbIM, TO eCTb He BbIpa

meHHbIM 3BYK8.MH. HOllb D , o8oJ-£b D , xopow D . R opeUL - aTO rJI8BHaSl 3HallHMaSl qaCTb CJlOB8. B Kop ae

38.KJIIO~ 06~KClflIeCKoe 3HatIeHHe Bcex O,l1;HOKOpeHHhlX

CJIOB. B epi!3a, '6epi!3080Jl (p014o) . IIpHc TaB Ra - aTO 3H8tIHMaSl tIaCTb CJIOBR, KOTopaH Haxo

,o;H TCSI nepe,o; KopHeM H CJly.>KHT ,o;JlH 06paaOB8llliSl HOBblX CJlOB .

Bbixooumb, ndxoo . C y qUi>HKC - STO 3HatIHMaH tr8CTb CJIOBa, KOTopaH Haxo,o;HT

CSI DOCJIe K OpHH ~6b1qHO)(JIY.>KHT ,o;JISI 06paaOBaHHSI HOBbIX

CJIOB. 40M - ilOMUI< , ilo..ruUje.

cj.N G

nOl.jeMY s onpeAeneHHH cycfJcfJlo1Kca cKa3aHo, l.jTO OH 06t.I'tHO cnY>KIo1T AnSI o6pa30saHHSI enOB , a He Bce~a? AnSI l.jero eny>KHT CY,5PcfJHKC -n- B rnaronax ne~, Hrpana, BcxoAHJ1'o, pa3Mt.lwnJInH? nOl.jeMY OH He SXOAHT B OCHOBY cnosa?

108. np0l.jHTal1 OTpblBKIo1 1013 noseCTH A.n . ral1Aapa «rony6aSl l.jaWKa». Hal1AH 101 SblnHWH rnaronbl C OAHHaKOSblMH npHCTaSKaMH.

lotTO 0603Hal.jatoT 3TH npHCTaSKH? KaK Tbl AYMaewb, C KaKoH u,enbtO Hcnonb3yeT aSTop cnOBa C OAJ.1HaKOBbIMH npHcTasKaMH?

1. IIpoRaTHJI Ha BeJIOCHTIe,o;e aarop eJIb IM MRJIb qHllIKa. IIpo

maraJI, H8BepHOe, B JIec aa r pH68MH TOJICTbIH ,o;,H,o;h Ka C Tpy6-

ROH. IIpOlliJIa' 6 eJIOKyp aH ,o;eBH u;a C MOKPblMH nOCJIe KY0aHHH

BOJIOCaMH . A aH8.KOMblX MhI HHKoro He BCTpeTIIJIH.

2. IIocMeHJIHCb M bl H }1;YMaeM : BOT n O,l1;ye T BeTe p, aaKpy_

mHTCSI, aamymmHT Ham a 6 b1CTpaH Be pTyllIKa. OTO Bcex )1;BO

p OB I c6erYT CSI K HallieMY ,o;OMy p e 6S1THlIIKH. By,o;eT H y Hac

TOr,l1;a CBOSI KOMn aHHSI .

• Pa36epH no cocTasy cnosa C npHCTaSKOI1 npo- 1013 nepBoro OTpblBKa . • KaKlo1e 1013 3TIo1X Tpex cnos SlBmltOTCSI CIo1HOHHMaMIo1? C KaKO~ u,enbKl Io1X HenoIlb3yeT aBTOp?

109. np0l.jIo1Tal1 OTPblBOK 1013 noseCTH Il.H. ToncToro «AeTcTBo». C nOMOL4bto KaKIo1X cnOB HapHcosaH nopTpeT «l.jYAecHol1 Aesol.jKH»? B l.jeM oc06eHHocTb 3TIo1X cnoB? nOMOratoT nH OHIo1 nlo1caTemo nepeAaTb l.jyscTBa ero repoSl, HHKoneHbKH VlpTeHbeBa, no OTHoweHHtO K ManeHbKOI1 rocTbe? • OnHwH COCTOSlHHe Manbl.jIo1Ka, KaK Tbl ero nOHSln 101 npeAcTasHn ce6e.

• • . Ma 3aKYTaHHOH oco6b1 BhIIllJla qy,o;eCHaSl ,o;BeH8,ZJ;u;aTHJleT

BHH ,ll;eBOllKa B KopOTe HhKoM OTKPblTOM KHceiiHoM TIJIaThHu;e,

6eJIblx OaHTaJIOBtrllKa x H KpOlIIeqHbIX qepHblX 6allIMallRax.

Ha 6 e JIeHb ROH llIeHKe 6hIJIa qepHaH 6apxa THa.a: JIeHTOllKa;

rOJIOBKa BCH 6 b1JIa B TeMHo-pYCbIX KY,o;pSlX , KOTophIe cnepe,o;H

TaK XOP OlliO lIIJIH R e e n p e KpaCHOMY JIHlIHKY, a caR,o;H - K

I'OJIblM OJIellHKaM, liTO HHKOMY, ,o;a me caMOMY KapJIY llBaHbI

qy, H He OOBepHJl 6hI, 'liTO OH H Bh lOTCH TaR OTToro, qTO C yTpa

6 bIJIH 3aBepHYThI B K YCOqKH ((MOCKOBCKH X Be,o;OMOCTeM» H qTO

HX rrpHmHraJIH ropSlqHMH meJIeaHbIMH ID;IITII..l;aMlI. Kaa81IOCb,

OH a TaK II pO,l1;HJIaCh C aTOH Kypq aBOH r OJIOBKoH •

• Bblnlo1WH 1013 TeKCTa cnosa C YMeHbWHTenbHo-naCKaTenbHblMH cyq:H;tmKcaMH B ABa cTon6lo1Ka . no KaKOMY npH3HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb HX rpynnHpOBaTb? • BblAenH B Ka>KAOM cn OBe OCHOBY H CycpqJHKC.

110. np0l.jHTal1 TeKCT. CnoBa C KaKHMH KOPHSlMH S HeM nOSTO

PSltOTCSI? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb nOl.jeMY? • BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble cnOBa rpynnaMH , YKa>K1-t 4acTH pe41-t • • Pa36epl-t Bee 3TI-t cnOBa no

COCTaBY ·

C An:HKOM HeH HTep eCHO 6 hIJIO !!!:Q..aT~, OOTOMY 'liTO OH Bce

BpeM H n~phIBaJI. H CKa3aJI, liTO 60JIhme He 6Y}1;Y H.!'paTb B

maXMa ThI .

- .Krud - CK8aan AnHK. - TbI pemHJI 6POCHTb maXM8TbI?

)1;8 y Te6H BeAb 38.MeQRTeJIbHbIe l,IUlXM8T-Hhle cnoco6HOCTHI TbI CT8Hemb 3H8MeHHTblM maXM8THCTOM, eCJIR 6y,n;emb rrpO,lJ;OJI-, - -maTh HI'paTh.

- HHK8KHX Y MeHH cnoco6HOCTeH BeT! - rOBOplO H. - BeAb SI BOBce He CBORM YMOM 06b!I'j?blB8JI Te6H. BceMY 3TOMY $I H8-- -)"IHJlCll H3 KHHlKKH.

~ - H3 KaKOH KHH»tKH? - ECTh TaK8H KHH>KK8 - yqe6HHK maXM8THOH HrYhl. ECJIH

XOllemb, H Te6e ARM nO'llHT8Tb 3TY KHH>KKY, H TbI CT8Hemb

HrpaTb He xyme MeHH. (H.H. HOCOB «BU17lJl MaAeee 6 ULKoAe U OOM-a»)

• P a3AenH Ha C110rH H AJ1S1 nepeHoca enOBO 06 .. lrplt.Ban. KaKHe

npaSHna nepeHoca Hy>t<HO BcnOMHHTb?

111. BCnOMHJ.1, KaKOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-noaeCTBoaaHHSI.

nepe .... J.1Tai1 onpeAeneHHe B paMKe Ha c. 7. CocTasb H 3anHWH He6onbwoH TeKCT-noaeCTBoaaHHe. Era reMY nOACKa>KYT nepBoe H nocneAHee npeAllO>KeHHst TeKCTa, KOTopble AaHbl HH>Ke. I.1cnonb3yH AaHHbie rpynnbl cnos C npHcTasKaMH.

B'!epa Moli 6paT npocTYAHJlCH, H yrPOM MaMa He rrycTHJIa em B lllKOJly.

BOT liTO aHalJHT ,n;pyabHI

1) rrpHlllJlH 2) rrpH6eJK8JI npHJIeTeJI

npHMtlaJICH

npHexan

npHHeCJIH

npHT~HJIH

aaweJI

a8eX8.JI

aa6elK8JI a8CKOqHJIH

3) paCCKaa8JIH pacCnpOCHJIH

paCCMeWHJIH

• 06bACHH, KaKYIO ponb a TSOeM TeKCTe HrpalOT rnaronbl C npHcTasKaMH. ECTb nH cpeAH HHX CHHOHHMbl?

66

-KJrJOQeBble CJr003 TeMbJ:

MoP<l>eMbl JIeKCU"l{eCKOe a HB1.JeRne aHal.J:J.1Mall lI8CTb CJJOBa TeKCT-nOBeCTBOB8HHe

§ iI. npOBepReMble H HenpOBeplleMble 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble B KopHe cnOBa

112. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, n04eMY MapTblwKa He nOHstna YAaaa? KaK nposepHTb HanHcaHHe 6YKB, o603Ha-4alOUJ,HX 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble 8 KopHe? • KaKYIO 6YKay - 0 HnH a - HY)f(HO HanHcaTb B cnoae C nponYCKoM? 06bSlCHH. • Cyw.eCTsyeT nH s PYCCKOM Sl3blKe cnoao, KOTopoe ynoTpe6Hn YAaa?

- A TBOll 6a6yulKa KaKaH? - CrrpOCHJlS MSpTbliliKS. - OHa TaKaSl • • • OHa OqeHb XB CTJIHB8H, - CK8a8JI 'Y,lJ;aD,

BI' JISI,l{hIB8HCb B,lI;aJIb.

- XBaCTaeTCSI? - y,ll;HBHJI8Cb MapTbIlIIRa.

- HHqel'O OHa He XBaCTaeTCSI. IIpocTO y Hee XBOCT OqeHb

,n;JIHHHhIH. HOT 3TOl'O OHa XB_ CTJIHBaSl, - 06'bSlCHHJI ¥,n;8B. ( II 0 r.B. Oc mepy )

Oplj>orpsMMS .I1p0BepHeMhle 6eaYl\apHble rJlSCHble B RopHe CJIOB8. f-I----,

l..JTo6hI npaBHJIbHO o6oaHaqHTb Ha nHCbMe 6eay,n;apHbIH

I'JIaCHhIH B RopHe CJIOBa, HymBo HaMeHHTb CJIOBO HJIB

no,n;06paTb R HeMY TaROe O.a;HORopeHHoe, B KOTOPOM 3TOT

Geay,n;apHbIH rJIaCHbIH aaxo.a;HTCSI no,lJ; y,n;8peHHeM. ~, ~ ,/A , ~ 3e.MJlJl - 3l:MJlU, /{B/i.mHUI< - /{Bl:m.

OnoaSaB8TeJIbHhIH npH3HaK optporpaMMhI - 6eay,n;apHoe

nOJIOmeHHe I'JI8CHOro.

67

i. Ha30BJ.1 ycnOBJ.1R Bbl60pa AaHHO~ opcporpaMMbl. 2. Ha30BJ.1 cnoco6bl npOBepKJ.1 npaBJ.1nbHOrO 0603HayeHJ.1R Ha nJ.1CbMe 6e3YAapHoro rnaCHoro B KopHe cnOBa. npHBeAJ.1 CBOJ.1

npJ.1Mepbl .

113. CnHWJ.1, BCTaBnRR nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. rpacpHyeCKH 060-3HaYb ycnoBHR Bbl60pa 0PcP0rpaMMbl. nOA6epH nposepo"tHble

cnOBa K AaHHblM, _ H3MeHRR YHCnO cyw,ecTBHTenbHblx H rnaronOB:

Qa - QhI, B..JJ;a, II_ JUI, K _ ca, q_CbI, CT_KJlO; Qy -~HM. B.-P~ K.JlMJIIO, T _ HY, CXB_l:f.y, H _ my;

- nOA6HpaR OAHoKopeHHbie cnOBa:

OTQHTb2 - Q, Y,lLBHTb, AP_:>KHT, ~nOqK8, mJ)cTSl

HOR, CIIP_ CHTb, OCB_ :>KHThCSI, 0l:f.J)OB8Tb, IIP_ BAHBblH.

• Ha30aH cnosa c "tepeAosaHHeM cornaCHblX B KopHe.

U4. nposepb 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble B KopHe cnOBa . • rpacPHye-CKH 0603HaYb ycnosHR Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl.

"', C'-Q6pa3eu 3anHCH: o6g,>t<aTb (soKpyr wKonbl) - 6gr,

~aTb (APyra) - ~a,

I1PHMJlHTh (/lpa"YHOB), nOJI_CKaTh (II\eRKa), CJI_3aTh (cMeTaHY), npHM.JlSlTb (OJl8Tbe), IIOC..,AeTb (Ha JIaBOQKe), Q_ CTOT8

(Ra YJIHlJ;e), nOJI_CKaTh (6eJIhe), ,,_cToTa (PaAHOBOJIH), CJI_3aTh (c JIeCTHHI.t;bI), noc....,.AeTb (OT cTapocTH), IIOCB_ THTb (CTHXOTBO

peRHe), nJlbl (B03/1yxa), nocB_THTh (<jloHapeM), nJla (oceHRHH),

• CocTasb 2-4 npeAflo>t<eHHR co cnOBaMH, CXOAHblMH no 3syya

HHIO, HO pa3nl<1"tHblMIo1 no cMblcny H HanHcaHHIO.

, \ US. Q6'bRCHHTenbHbl~ AHKTaHT • • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycno"aHR Bbl60pa J.13SeCTHbIX Te6e opcporpaMM.

68

~

nOcne MeAHoro 3BOHa n03_HeH OC_HH HacTynaeT n_pa O>t<-AaHJ.1R x_n....A0B .

AnoKa >t<yxHeT oA-Rno 1013 nHeT_ea. POeCbl"_1O rB_3Ae~ "_>t<aT B ny>t<ax K_ntoYKH OT enoK. TonbKO KyKyWKHH neH 3_n_HeeT S 6_pe3HRKe. npHn_TenH CH_rHpH.

3aRLI, OAenCR B 6enble WT HHWKH, a Ha 3T0l1 HeAene nee Hble nopTHble cw_nH eMY 6enyfO -;'YPTKY. Tenepb OH rOTo_ 3_MOBaTb. OAHaKO nOC"_WJ.1n 3aRLI, oAeT_ CR - 3_Ma 3_CTpRna B n_cax BonorOACKHX.

(llo B. IIec"oey)

Op<jlorpaMMa .HenpoBepHeMble 6e3Y/lapRble rJIaCRble B KopHe CJIOBa ..

IIpaBOIIHCaHHe HerrpOBepseMbIX 6e3y.zx.8p H bIX rJlaCHbIX

B KopHe CJIOBa H8,ll.O 3anOMBH8Tb. ~~ Kgpoea, 6!!JI,,01l,

On03HaBaTeJIhHblH npH3HaK op<jlorpaMMbI - 6e3Y/lap-Hoe nOJIO:>KeHHe rJIaCHoro .

116. np0"il-nal1 . BblnHwH CHayana cnOBa c nposepReMblMH 6e3YAapHblMH rnaCHblMH B KopHe, 3aTeM - C HenpoBepReMblMH . • 0603HaYb opcporpaMMbl.

Pa3B_BRTb pe6 eHKa, BOBpeMH n O_BliTbCSl, 6_maTbl no ,ll;opo

r e, :>K_JIeTh 0 nOTepSlHHo H M_HYTKe , BX..,AHTh aa T_ppacy,

r _PAHTbCSI p _ KOp)l;OM , o cl}_ pMJIHTh B_TPHHY, H3 M _ HRTh

MJ>IDpyrt B_3TH Ha B_JI_ C_ne,ll;e, TIJI_THTbl

38 KB...JlTHPY •

, MwmpYT , PllKOP/l , B~JlQC!!ne,ll;

, BHTpHBa

Twpaca

69

§ 12. npaBonHcaHHe enol e .. epeAYIO~HMHeR rnaeHblMH a-o B KopHe

SYKBbl a- o B KopHe -nar- - -no>+<-

117. npO"'HTa~ cnoaa.

H3GaTb

cQaTh I"

!IpHJIaraTeJIbHOe

" H3JlOmHTb /"'"'.

CJIOmeHHe

" npHJlOmeHHe

staIUnOTCR I1H OHH oAHoKopeHHblMI.l1 .c.oKa>KH • • KaKo~ rnacHbl~ 3eyK npoH3HoCHTCSI B KopHe Bcex enOB B 6e3YAapHoM nOnO>KeHI·o·d A KaKaSi 6YKsa nHweTcSI? • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, MO>KHO I1H npoBepl.Hb YAapeHHeM 6e3YAapHbie 4epeAytoUJ,HecSl rnaCHble B KopHe? 06'MICHH . • npoaHanH3Hpyi:1 cnoaa B neBoH H npasoH KonOHKe. nonpo6yH Hai:1nt 3aKoHoMepHocTb: KorAa B KopHe -nar - -nO)K- 11101-weTCS! a, a KorAa o • • CcpopMynHpyH npaSIo1I10 caMOCTOSITenbHO.

[ Opq,orpaMMa < ByKBhI a 0 B KopHe -Jlar- -JlO"'-' [

I B RopHe c qepe.l\OBaHHeM -J]ar- - -Jlom- 6eay,u.apHbIH rJIaCHhIH 3ByK nepe.ZJ; r 0603HsQaeTCSI 6YKBOH a, a nepe,ll; JK - 6YKBOH o.

C/7'.· "",. JIJ!Zamb. cJtQ:HCenue.

On03HaB8TeJIbHblH npH3HaK opq>orpaMMbI - 6eaY,lJ;ap

Hoe nOJlOmeHHe fJIaCHoro .

118. npO'-lIo1TaH. HaHAIo1 101 Bblnlo1WIo1 cnOBa C opcporpaMMoH «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -nar- - -no)l(-». 8 KaKI<1X cnosax 3TOH opcporpaMMbl HeT? nO'-leMY? 06bSlCHI<1 . • YCTHO H rpacplo1'-1eCKIo1 06bSlCHH Sbl60p a- o 8 KopHe -nar- - -no)t(-.

IIoJIaraTb, lIO,lJ.JIOmHTb, JIOmHbli1, npeAJ1or, cnmKHTb, CJIom

HbIH, CJIOmeHHe, ]lOmh, B.llara, BbIJIO)KHTb, 6JISropo,nHhIii.

• CocTasb 2-3 cnOBOCO'-leTaHI<1S1 C Sblnl<1CaHHblMI<1 cnosaMIo1 .

119. nposepb, eCTb nH S opcporpacplo1'-1eCKOM cnosape Ha 6YKBy n cnOBa C KopHeM -nar- - -no)l(-. KaKOH BbiBOA Tbl MO>t<eWb

70

~

CAenaTb? • Bblnlo1WIo1 1013 opcporpaq:H1'-1eCKOrO cnosapSi Ha 6YKBbi IS, H, Y weCTb cnOB C KopHeM -nar- - -no)l(-; onpeAenlo1, cnOBa KaKJ1X '-IaCTeH pe'-lJ1 Tbl SblnJ1Can . • rpacpJ1l.fecKH 0603Hal.fb ycnOSJ1S1 Bb160-pa H3Yl.faeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

120. Y3HaH cnOBa no J1X TonKOSaHJ1tO: 1) nepeAa'-la cOAep>t<aHJ1S1 TeKCTa CBOMMH cnOBaMH; 2) l.faCTb pel.fH, o603Hal.fafOU.I,afl npH3HaK npeAMeTa; 3) Ao6asneHHe K >KypHany; 4) CI.fHTaTb, AYMaTb. • 3anHwH 3T.., enOBa, rpaq:u1I.1ecK.., 0603Hal.fb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa H3yl.faeMOH opcporpaMMbl.

121. CnHwH, BCTaBnSlSl nponyU-\eHHble 6YKBbi H 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI . • rpacpHl.leCKI1 0603Hal.lb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB.

1. .H CTaJI H3J1_fSTb TOtJ_Ky 3peHH.R ApeBHHx npo HHAHIO H

npo f_pH30HT. 2. Ax, KaK BOJIbKa 6bIJI 6L1 CtJSC_JIHB H3-

JI_mHTb CBOH n03H8HHH no 3TOMy Bonpocy! 3. HeymeJIH TbI

nOJI_faem_, tJTO ' OTB_ tJaem_ no cy:w;eCTBy TBoefO 6_JIeTa?

Cnp_CHJI yqHTeJIb. 4. BOJIbK8 pemHJI OTJI_mHTb o6_HcBeHHH

Ha nOTOM. 5. XOTTa6bItIy, KOTOPbIH YCHYJI B HeYAo6HoM

nOJI_meHHH, npHCHHJICH ymac_HbIHl COH. 6. HMo nOJI_raTb.

CK aaJIOCb Be6 JI moe nepeyTOMJIeBHe.

6 • (JI.H.JIazun)

H.JIeT fQpH30HT • COCTaSb cxeMbl 1-ro Jot 3-ro npeA110>KeHHH.

• • fQ,pl:!30HTaJIbBLlH

122. CoeTaBb enOSOeOl.leTaHHSI C AaHHblMH rnaronaMH, nOA-611paSi nOAXOASlU-\He no CMblCI1Y cyw.eeTslo1TenbHbie H3 npaBoH K0I10HKH . • 3anHwH, rpacpHl.leeKH 0603Hal.lb yenoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl.

npe.n;JI_rSTh

pa3JI_.mliTb

rrpli.TT_raTb

p acnO:I iKHTbC'R

YCIlJIHH, cTapsHHH

y KocTpa, y petIKH, y orrywKH

"apurpYT, YCJlyrH l,OC''l'CP ' . Bem.H

• !t1enonb3YSI cnOSOCOl.leTaHHSI, eOCTaBb YCTHblH paecKa3 Ha TeMY «8 nOXOAe» .

KJllO'Ie s bJe CJlOB8 TeMbI:

KopeSb qepe~OBaHJ.fe rJI8CH&lX

opc})OrpaMMa- rJI8CH8n 6YKB8 yeJloBIlH Bbloopa Op<jJorpaMMbl

5YKBbi a- o B KopHe -paCT- (-palL.\-) - -poc-

123. npOLtlo1TaH cnoaa H onpeAenH, s:lSmUOTCR nH OHJ.1 CAHOKopeHHbIMH • • KaK np0J.13HOCHTCR 6e3YAapHblH rnacHblH B

KopHe -pacT- (-palJ.l,-) - -poe-? KaKaSl 6YKBa nl-iWercR? • npoaHanH3lo1pyi1 cnOBa B nepBblx rpEh KonOHKax, HaMAH 3aKOHOMepHocTb B Hanlo1caHHH 6YKB a-o B KopHe . • CcpopMynHpYH npaslomo. ~ pacTeHHe ~

BblpacTH

~ cpam;eHHe

BhIQHHbIH

aa~JlH B~

~OK ~ pOCTOBm;HK

~OB OT9cJlb

Op<j>orpaMMa .BYRBhI a-a B RopHe -pacT- (-pall\-) - -poc-,

I B RopHe -pacT- (-pall\-) - -poe- 6eay/.\apHhlH rJlaCHhlH 3ByK nepe,n CT H ~ 0603H8'tJ8eTcSI 6YKBOH a, a nepe,l{

C - 6YRBO:ii o. HCKJIlOqeHHSI: pocmoK. pOCm08l4UK, Pocmo8, OlJlpaCJl.b.

~u, 83~eH,H.btit; nO~JLU; ~OK (HCKJI.).

OrroaHaBaTeJlbHhlH rrpHaHaR -opq,orpaMMhI - 6eaYllapHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJI8CHoro.

124. npOI.I~1TaH. BblnYlWJ.1 CXOAHble no 3BY4aHI<1tO enoaa, pa36epH \.o1X no cOCTasy. ECTb 11101 CfJeAH HHX cnosa C H3yyaeMOH opcporpaMMoi:1? AOKa)KH • • YCTHO 06b~CHH ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa Hanlo1CaHHs:I

6YKB a-o B KopHe -paCT- (-pall4-) - -poc-.

- 3aqeM BoapaCTalO? -

-- 51 3Haro, 'tJTO CROPO paCT81O,

JIHWb TOJIbRO yBHmy BeCeJIYIO CTalO,

PaCT81O, no K8.MHHM 3BeHSI ...

(<1>.K. COAozy6)

-""""'~.P~ .f''!'r~''''.l;~Il''J!.· > ~:.; ""~j': ,~~ )~?}i .:~~ <;..~~~. ~ ..... / .... .. ." . " '" ;. -' . .. ~ ..... ~~¥--

'" .... :. . .;. ..... ,?-'<.

KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nO'"4eMY opq,orpaMMbl «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -paCT- (palll-) - -pOC-» H .6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -nar- - -no)l(-. Mbl paCCMaTpHBaeM B OAHOM naparpaq,e?

125. npO'"4HTai1. HaHAH H BblnHWH CI10Ba C opq,orpaMMoM «6YK

Bbl a-o B KopHe -paeT- (-palL\-) - -poe-» . • YCTHO 101 rpaq,H'"4eCKH

06bACHH Bbl60p 6YKB a-a B KopHe -paCT- (-pall4-) - -poc-.

~, pacTeH~ ... J1QllDaCTH., pocnHcb, poca, R~~le. PSlTb, J!9AOPOCJlH, MP-0CWHH, npHpam;eHHe, POCTOR, poeKow-

HhIH, ~2CTPB, 06pam;eHHe. -

• CocTaBb 101 3anHWH 2-3 CT10BOC0'"4eTaHHfI C I1to6blMH 1013 BblnH

caHHblX CI10B.

126. BblnHwH B l1eBYto K0l10HKY CT10BOC0'"4eTaHHR, B KOTOPblX

eCTb CI10Ba C 6e3YAapHbiM a B KopHe, B npaBYto - C 6e3-

YAapHblM o . • rpacpH'"4eCKH 0603Ha'"4b YCI10BHfI Bbl60pa H3Y'"4aeMOM

opq,orpaMMbl.

P _CTHTeJIhBbIH MHP, IIOCTerreBBO paap_ cTalOTcH, a8MeTBO

rrO,l{p_ CJIH, aeJIeHbIe P_CTKH, 3ap_ CJIH TPOCTHHKa, Bhlp_m;eH

Hble OBOm;H, OTP_ CJIh 3KOHOMHKH, P _ CToBcKHe KOJIOKOJIhHhIe

3BOHhI, 606oBhIe p_cTeHHH.

127. CnHwH, BCTaBI1f1R nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpaq,H'"4eCKJ.1 060-

3Ha'"4b YCIlOBI<1R Bbl60pa opq,orpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB 6YKB.

1. OILHORO Bhlp _ CTaJIa eJlRa cTpoHHaH B JI_ eY'_J)(H.C. Hm<HTHH) 2. EJIh p_cTeT nepe,o; ABOpn;OM, a no,n; HeH XPYCT8JILHblH

110M. (A.C. IIymKHH) 3. B 6J1eeRe orHeH, aa a pRaJlbHhlMH CTeKJIaMH, nLlwHo D;B _ TYT .lL.P _ rHe D;B _ TbI • •• Hx Boap _ CTHJlH

CHerypK8 CnpOCHJIa MeHD. ~

7 7 7 .~ 4 \ \ \ \1'/r-17~7-'----'I,...,-doo-~"""'~IL----,-\ ----.-\---\

B T_DJIHu,aX 3a6oTJIHBO, HX DPHB_3JIH H3-3a CHaHX M'-peft •

(II.A. BYHHH) 4. TaM, aa petI_ Ke, r,n;e JI_ coJ0 a 3a JIeCOM H

n JISlHKa, Bblp c meJITeHbKHH U,B TOK - no np03BlUI 10 O,n;y-

BaBKa. (II.C. CoJIOBheBa) - -

~. Bblm1wH OAHoKopeHHbie cnOBa, pa36epH HX no cocTaBY. KaKoe 06~ee neKCH"ieCKOe 3Ha"ieHHe 3aKIlto"ieHO B KopHe 3THX cnoB?

128. nOA6epH H 3anHWH 12 cnOB pa3Hbix "iaCTeH pe"iH C KopHeM -pacT- (-pau.&-) - -poc-, Hcnonb3YJI pa3nH"iHble npHCTaBKH . • 0603Ha"ib opcporpaMMY·

129. BblnHwH H3 npeAIlo>t<eHHH cnosa C "iepeAyto~HMHCJI a-o B KopHe -pacT- (-paaq-) - -poc-, 3aTeM - cnosa C 6e3YAapHblMH rnaCHblMH s KopHe, npoBepSleMblMH YAapeHl-1eM • • rpacpH"ieCKH 0603Ha'"lb ycnoBHJI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.

1. CT_XH p_CTyT, KaR 3Be3,ll,hI l H RaK P03bl, KaK Kp_coTa ...

(M.H. ~BeTaeBa) 2. Mem IIOJleM H ILPorolO rYCTa" JlHIIR BhIp_CJla. (H.A. HeKpacoB) 3. A" p_cJla B Y30PBOH T_IIIHBe, B npoxJIa,n;aoH: ~eTcRoH M_JI_~Oro BeKa. (A.A. AXMaToBa)

4. 'iepBhIe BOIIOP_CJlH XPYCT"T IIOII BJaMH. (M.M. IIpHillBHH) 5. MaJIeHbKHH CJIe,n; ,n;_ pory p_m,n;aeT2, Mope H3 pJI;HHKa

2

BhIp_ CTaeT. ' 01;. ,n:>KaM6YJI)

• COCTaBb cxeMY nocneAHero npeA110>t<eHHSI. ,

130. 06bRcHHTenbHblH AHKTaHT . • rpacpH"ieCKH 0603Ha"ib ycnosHJI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «OYKBbl a-o a KopHe -pacT(-pau.&-) - -poc-» . • nOA"iepKHH sce H3BeCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl.

1. H p_cTeT pe6eHOK TaM He no ,n;HHM, 8 no 'lI8CaM. 2. Ho

U;8peBH8 MOJIO~aH ••• Mem,n;y TeM P_CJI8, P_ CJI8, no,n;HHJIaCb H

paCU;BeJI8. 3. BeceHoK, no,n; ce6S1 no,o;maB KODhITO, KpyTHJI

p_CTOBUJ;HR8 Y a,o;CKoro orRSI. 4. B caMOM ,o;eJIe TyJIyn, H3

KOToporo ycneJI H BhIp_CTH, 6hIJI aeMHomKO AJISI Hero Y30K.

5 . .H mHJI ae,n;op_ CJIeM, rOHHH rOJIy6eH H HrpaSl B qexap,o;y.

74 \ \

-(A.C. IIymKHH) 6. H eXaJI K P _CTOBY BhICOKHM XOJIMOM, JIecOK

MaJIOPOCJIhIH THHYJICSI a8 HeM. (H.A. HeKpaCOB)

~ COCTaab cxeMbl 2-ro H 6-ro npeA110>t<eHHH.

131. npO"iHTaH H nepeCKa>t<H TeKCT, 03arnaBb • • K KaKHM cpasHeHHflM, conOCTaaneHHRM npH6eraeT K.r. naycToacKHH, "tT06bl HaH60nee TO"'lHO nepeAaTb sne"iameHHe, npmt3BeAeHHoe Ha Hero pacTyw.HMH Y 03epa 4BeTaMH? KaKHe cnoaa, HaHAeHHble nHcaTeneM, nOMOratoT OU4YTHTb 6oraTCTBo npH03epHoro pa3HOTpaBbR?

IIoCJIe _ K38MeHOB B MOCKOBCKOH mKOJIe K HaM npHeXaJIa

r'-pJI;CK8S1 ,o;eBotJ_Ka Mama - JII06HTeJIbHHna p_cTeHHH.

H SI P_lliHJI 1 Ha6paTb eft B no,o;8pOK 6YKeT H3 xopomHx

D;B_TOB, p_mHJI B3HTb ITO O,n;HOMY D;B_ TKY OT Bcex p_cTeHHH,

KOTophIe P83P_CJIHCb BOKPY _ 03-pa H C03,lLBaJIH p _ cHcThIe H

n_XY'lIHe B_JIhI.

.H oCM_TpeJICSI." 110 6-p_raM p_CJI8 TaBOJIra. ~B_TbI ee nax

JIH MHM030H. Y CaMOH BJI;hI BhIrJIH,lJ;hIBaJIH H3 3ap_CJIeH MHThI

HeBHHHbIe roJIy60rJIa3bIe He3a6y _KH. BhICOKHH KpacHbIH KJIe

Bep nepeMemHBaJICH C MhIlliHHbIM r -'pomKoM, a Ha,o; 3THM

co,n;pymecTBoM D;B_ TOB no,n;H_ MaJICH HCnOJIHHCKHH* qepTOnO

JIOX.

OH BhIp_C B Tp_Be H 6hIJI noxo_ Ha phID;apH B JI8Tax.

(ITo K.r. ITaycmo8c/coMY)

aK38.MeH •

HCllQJIHH , "

HcnQJIHHCKHH

• CnHwH, BCTaanflfl npony~eHHble 6YKBbl. • rpacpH'"IeCKH 0603Ha"'lb ycnoBHJI 8bl6opa opcporpaMM B cnOBax C nponycKaMH; rAe Heo6-XOAHMO, nOA6epH H 3anHWH npOaepO"'lHble cnoaa.

132. ,[J.HKTaHT. 3am1wH a nepBylO KonOHKY cnoaa C 6e3YAapHbiM "'IepeAytoU4HMCJI a B KopHe, BO aTopyto - C 6e3YAapHbiM "'IepeAYIOUJ,HMCfI 0 B KopHe, B TpeTbto - C 6e3YAapHblMH rnaCHblMH B KopHe, npOBepSleMblMH YAapeHHeM . • A06aab B Ka>t<AYIO KonoHKY no ABa caOHX npHMepa . • rpacpH"'IeCKH 0603Ha"ib ycnoaHR Bb,6op. opcporp.MM.

75

HSp_ IQeHHe, a8p_CJIH, BJI_mHTb, npe.n,JI_raTb, Tp_Ba, npo~ Hap_ CT8IOIQHH, CT~_Ha, OTp_ CJIeBOH, R_pMHTb, npHJI_ r STeJIbHOe, P_ CHCTblH, P _ CTOB, YBJI_JKHSlTb, nOJI_meHHe, n _JI_C8TbIH.

• B KaKOH J.13 Tpex KonOHOK AOn>KHbl 6blTb 3anJ.1CaHbl npOBepOY

Hble cnOBa? nO"'leMY?

133. 3aKOH"'IJ.1 npeAflO>KeHJ.1S1.

1. IIpH HanRCB.HHH CJIOB C qepe.o;oBaHHeM 6eay.n,apHblx rJIacHhIX a-o B RopHe nOJIb30BaTbCSI npoBepoqHbIM CJIOBOM ... , noTOMY t{TO .•.

2. IIpH HaITlIC8HHH 6eay.o;apHbIx rJIaCHblX B KopHe nOJIbaOBaTbCSI npoBepoqHblM CJIOBOM ••• , eCJIH 3TOT 6eay.u;apHblH rJIacHblH •••

A eCJIH 6eay.o;apHbIH r JIaCHblH B KopHe .. . , TO ...

• CKOI1bKO opcporpa¢H1yeCKJ.1X npaBJ.1n Tbl AOn>KeH 3HaTb, YTo6bl

3aKOHYJ.1Tb AaHHbie npeAflO>KeHJ.1S1?

134. CaMOAJ.1KTaHT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WH H3 xYA0>KeCTBeHHoro

np0J.13BeAeHJ.1S1, KOTopoe Tbl YJ.1TaeWb, 10-12 cnOB C o pcpo

rpaMMaMH-rnacHblMIo1 6YKBaMJ.1 a-o B KopHe -nar- --110)1(-; 6YKB.MH a-o B KopHe -pacT- (-paUl-) - -poco; 6e3-YAapHbIMJ.1 rnaCHblMIo1 B KopHe, npoBepSieMblMJ.1 YAapeHJ.1eM. • rpacplo1yeCKIo1 0603HaYb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.

KJJIO~eBble CJJOBa TeM.bI:

opcporpsMMbl- rn8cHhle 6YRBbI tlepe.n;ylOUl,UeCfI rJ18CHble B RopHe npoBepfleMbte 6eay,n8pHbIe rJIaCHble B RopHe HenpoBepfleMbIe 6e3Y,ll,8pHhle rn8CHhleB RopHe

/~~

-6YKBbi a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-

135. npOYIo1TaH cnOBa . SlBnSlIOTcSI nlo1 OHIo1 OAHoKopeHHbIMIo1?

AOKa>KH. • KaKoH rnacHblH 3ByK npoH3HoCHTCSI B KopHe cnOB

B 6e3YAapHoM nOnO>KeHJ.1J.1? KaKaSi 6YKBa nJ.1WeTcSI? • HaHAH /'" 3aKOHOMepHOCTb B HamtCaHJ.1H 6YKB a-a B KopHe. CcpopMynH

PYH npaBJ.1I1o. ,

3arap yrapHhlH

, aaropaTh yropeJIhIH

I Opq,orp8.MMa .BYKBhl a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-. r I

B RopHe -rap- - -rop~ Y)I;SPHbIH rJIaCHLIH 3BYK 0603RaQaeT-C1I 6YRBOH a, 6e3Y)I;SpHhrii - 6YKBOH o.

(.\ 1"1'-, 3azap, 3a'zQjJemb . Orr03HaBaTeJIbHblH npH3HaK opq,orpaMMbl - 6e3Yl1apHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJISCHoro.

136. npOYHTaH. HaHAH H BblnHWH cnOBa C opcporpaMMoH «6YKBbl a-o B KopHe -rap- - -rop-» • • YCTHO J.1 rpacpHyeCKJ.1 06'bSlCHJ.1

Bbl60p rnacHoH B KopHe.

3arOpeJIblR, no,n; ropoR, Harap, npHI'OpOR, oTropeTh, BoaropaHHe, orapoR, o6ropeTh, rOplOqHH, ropeBsTb, ,lI;OrOpaTb, cropeBmHH, paarsp.

137. CnHwH, BCTaBnSlSl nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB.

1. 3aXO,ll;Hm;ee CO_Hn;e ,lI;or"""paeT HS 06JI_KaX, nOXO>KHX Ha napycHble2 K......Ps6JIH. 2. K8K B Mope, C8,AHTCH CO_ Hn;e B TPaBhI, H MaSIKaMli r.JlllT CHrHaJIbHhle orHH' , 3, Ha orpoMHoH BhlCOTe aar~eJIOCh HeJKHblM P030BhIM CBeTOM otLHOKoe 06JI_ QRO. 4. OrOHb TO BcnhIXHBaJI, TO OCJI_6eBSJI OT cr..paBmHX B JIaMnOBOM CT_KJIe MorneK. 5. CROPO Bce 3HaJIH, 'liTO KapJI IIeTpo-

\ \.

BH'tI JIellHT 3HiiI1,H, 06r.!lpeBmerO Ha CTpaWHOM JI_ CHOM no

mape. (K.r. IlaycToBcKHH)

138. npeAynpeAHTenbHblH AJ.1KTaHT . • rpacpw.teCKJ.1 0603HaLtb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl a-o 8 KopHe -rap- --rop-» . • nOALtepKHJ.1 Bce H3BeCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl.

1. BhlCOKO B He6e i\Or yaJlo 6arpOBbiM lIJ1aMeHeM 06J1aKo. (K.r. TIaycToBcKHH) 2. B POCHCTOi{l TpaBe 3arJ)aJIHCb OT COJI

HI\a KpacHble orOHbKH 3eMJlHHHKH. (B.Il. ACTa<!>beB) 3. JI8i\OHH Y fBBpHKa IIpHHTHO ryeJlH. (B.Il. KaTaeB) 4. nOCJIe CTenHblX 2 rromapOB BCe 6blCTPO nOKpblBaeTCSI CBemeH 3eJIeHbIO. H

C nepBoro B3r JIH,lJ;a He Y3HaeWb r J)eJIblX MeCT. (C. T. AKCaKOB) 5 .• rJIaBHOe - aymHo XOP0I.DO 38r,J)eTb. 3arap - nepBblH npH-

3HaK 3i\OPOBbH., - rOBOpHJI feHKa. (A. Pbl6aKoB)

• CocTaBb cxeMY 5-ro npeAflO>KeHI-1SI.

139. CBo6oAHbll:1 AJ.1KTaHT. 03arnaBb TeKeT . • rpacpJ.1l-leeKH 0603HaLtb ycnOBJ.1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM C 4epeAytOUJ,J.1MHCSI rnaCHblMJ.1 a-o B KopHe.

B JIecy qaCTO B03HHK8IOT nomapbl. Em;e He ycneeT paCTaHTb

CHer, a Ha CyxHX KOqKax yme BbICbIX8IOT JIHCTbSl, XBOH, MOX.

Bce aTO OqeHb JIerKO ropHT. IIPH nomape cpa3Y 3aropaeTcH XBOPOCT, BaJIemHHK. Bcnbl

XHB8IOT KYCTbI, MOJIOAble eJIOqKH H coceHKH, KOTopble TOJIbKO

nOApaCT8IOT. OroHb nepexo,nHT H8 HH3KHe BeTBH B3POCJIbIX

eJIeH H no,nHHMaeTCSI ,no caMbIX BepmHH. Ha MecTe nomapa OCTalOTCH o6ropeJIble ,nepeBhH H MOJIOA8JI

nopoCJIh, cropeBmHe S1r'O,nHHKH. llomapHm;a 6e,nHhI H ,n;OJII'He

rO,lJ;bI npe,nCTaBJIHIOT C060R nYCTbIHIO. IlOqTII Bce nomapbI B03HHK8IOT OT HeOCTopomHoro o6pam;e

HHH lIeJIOBeKa c OrHeM. STO KOCTep, KOTOPhIH 3a6bIJIH rrOTY

IDHTb, CIIHqKa, KOTOpylO cJlyqallHo 6POCHJlH. (ITo H. BaA6btUleey)

/'

140. B3aJ.1MOAJ.1KTaHT. CocTaBb 101 3anJ.1WH 4-5 npeA110>KeHI-1H co CnOBaMJ.1, cOAep>KaUJ,HMH opcporpaMMY «6YKBbl 1-0 B KopHe -rap- - -rop-n . • rpacpH4eCKJ.1 0603HaLtb ycnOBI-1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl.

Kmo"teable enoaa leMbl:

6YKBbi a-a B KopHe -3ap- - -30p-

141 . npOLtJ.1TaH cnOBa . .o.oKa>KJ.1, LITO OHI-i SlBnRtOTCSI OAHOKOpeHHbIMJ.1 . • KaKl-ie rnaCHble 3ByKJ.1 MoryT np0J.13HOe~TbCSI B

KopHe nOA YAapeHHeM? A B 6e3YAapHoM n0I10>KeHJ.1J.1? KaKJ.1-M~ 6YKBaMJ.1 OHJ.1 0603Ha4atOTcSI?

• Hal:1AI-i 3aKoHoMepHocTb B HanHCaHJ.11-i 6YKB a-o B KopHe -•• p- - -.op-. C!jl0pMyn"pYH npas"no.

, 3apeBo - 30pbKa - 3apH

IOPQlOrpaMMa «BYKBhl 8-0 B KopHe -38P' ·30p-.

B KopHe '3ap- - '30p- 6e3Yi\8pHhlll rJIaCHhlH 3ByK 0603HaQaeTCH 6y.KBOH a.

..tV'-. , "" /.'0. <1gpltuqa, sape60. '30pu.

llcKJI1oqeHHe: t;;pe6amb (He CIIaTb H8 38pe).

On03HBB8TeJIbHhlH IIpH3H8K OpQ>orpaMMhl - 6e3Yi\8pHoe nOJIOmeHHe rJIaCHoro.

142. CnJ.1WH, 8CTaBnR~ nponYUJ,eHHble 6YKBbl. YCTHO 101 rpacpl-iLteCKJ.1 06b~CHJ.1 Bbl60p rnacHoH B KopHe.

3J)bKa, 3J)HHI1,a, 3J)HHlIHblH, 3J)eBo:i{, 3-peHhKa, 3'-pe -

BaTh, 03J>.HTh, 03J)HTbCH, 03J)eHHe, 03,J)eHHOCTb, 3J).H .

• COCTaBb 101 3anJ.1WJ.1 2-3 npeAJlo)t(eHJ.1S1 C mo6blM~ 1013 AaHHblX enOB.

79

143. Cm1wH, BCTasnSlSl nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl . • rpacpHLieCKJ.1 o603Ha~b ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe "ponycKoB.

1. 3 apeBo Rpqe 03_ PHJIO cHemHbIH2 nec. 2. B HenpOrJISIAHbIX TytI8X OTKpblB3JHlCh HeBl-lp;SHHbIe 3. P HHlJ,hl. 03~HH ce

PYIO pSBHHHy. 3. KOrl\8 BI\_JI H BblP em, OCT pble KPOBJIH Kp_IIOC_HblX fiameR H paar_ peBm aSiCH 3-.Jla l 38.1UPaJI8 a8 KYnOllax, IleTp OCT_ HOBHlI 1I01ll--"lb. (A.H. TO,lCTOil) 4. BmlcTaH, np06_rruoT 06JI_Ka no rOJIy6oMY He6y, XO.l~ KPYTOH oceHaHM CO_Hl1eM 03yeB. (M.IO. JIepMoHToB) 5. H a VfHHYTY 03yeHHblil MOJIHHeH, nepe,ZJ; H8M H - CTBOJI 6--"pe3hI. (M. r OpbKHii)

144. AJ.1KTaHT • • 3anJ.1wJ.1 B nesylO KonoHKY enoaa e l,(epeAYIOl1.V1-MHCSI a-o B KopHe -3ap- - -30P-. B npasytO - cnoaa C "IepeAoBaHJ.1eM Tex me rnaeHblX a APyrJ.1X KOpHSIX • • r pacpJ.1"1eCKJ.1 o603Ha4b ycnOBJ.1S1 sbl60pa opcporpaMM C 4epeAOaaHJ.1eM rnaCHblX a-o a KopHe.

I. 1. r ,JlHT BOCTOK a,JlelO HOBOH. 2. BCH ROMaaTa' SlHTap

HhIM CBeTOM 03J)eaa. (A.C. IIywKHB) 3. TaJIhIH cHer i HaJIeTeJl

H CJleTaJI, paar,JlaHCb, PYMHHHJlHCb m;eKH. (H.(J>. AnBeBcRHH)

4. KpaCaBHl1a-3opbKa B He6e 3aryeJIacb. (A. KOJlbI\OB) 5. OT 3-.l)H CBeT aJlblH paaJlHBaeTcSI. ' (H.C. HHKHTHH)

II. 1. HPKO H lIblWHO 3apI\eJIaCb 3Y". 2. Maille B3,l1YMaJlOCb HrpaTh B r _peJlKH. 3 . .H Ha Bac Mory nOJl_m.UThCSI.

(H.C. TypreHeB) 4. 3YHHl1a Ha'lKH8.JIa HPKO 6JIeCTeTb Ha BOCTOKe. (JI.H. TOJlCTOli)

III. 1. CJIOBO -e COJIOMa, aar_ pHTCSI - He nOTymHmh.

2. IlpaBl\a B orHe H1i. ryHT H B BOl\e He TOHeT. 3. 'Iy",ylO 6ellY PYKaMH pa3Be,llY, a K cBoeil YMa He lIPHJI_"'Y. 4. He 6epe'lb nOp_CJIH - He BH,n;aTh H ,n;epeBa. (nOCJIOBHD;hl)

145. Cao6oAHblH AJ.1KTaHT. 03arnaBb TeKeT • • rpacpH"IeeKJ.1 0603Ha"b ycnOBH" Bb,60pa op<porpaMM c "epellYlOlLIHMHC" rnaCHblMJ.1 a-o a KopHe.

PSlAOM C aapHH lJ,e ii CTOHT B OAROM n03TH'tIeCKOM pSl)J;y CJIO

BO 4: aapJU - OABO Ha npeKpacaeHwHx CJIOB PYCCKOI'O .HahIKa.

3TO CJIOBO HHKor,n;a He rOBOp.f!T rpOMKO. HeJIh3.H Aam.e

.'

'"

npep;CTBBHTb ce6e, 'lITo6bI ero MomHO 6hIJIO npOKpHQaTb. IToTO~ 'tlTO OHO CpOP;HH THmHHe HOqU, KorA8 a8,lJ; aapOCJIHMH

,1l;epeBeHCKoro eMa a8HHMaeTCSI 'l{HCTaSl H CJIa6aSl eBBeB8.

B 3TOT aapenOH tIRe HH3KO Ha,zJ; C8MOH aeMJIEHi: IThlJIaeT yr_ peHHHH 3Be3,l1;8. B03,ll;YX tinCT I K8K PO,n;HHKOBRSI Bo,n;a.

CBeTaeT 6blCTpO. B TenJlOM AOMe THIDHHa, CYMP8.K. Ho BOT

aa 6peBeHl-laTble CTeHhl JlomaTCSI K Ba,o;paThI opaam.eBOI'O CBeTa.

Bpe BHa aa r opalOTCSl, Ka R HB 'l 'aph. BOCXOAHT COJlHII;e.

(Ilo K.r. Ilaycm08CICoMY)

146. CaMOAJ.1KTaHT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WJ.1 J.13 xYAomeeTBeHHoro np0J.13BeAeHJ.1A, KOTopoe Tbl I,(J.1TaeWb, 4-5 npeA11o>t<eHJ.1H co enOBaMJ.1, eOAep>t<aUl,J.1MJ.1 opcporpaMMY «6YKBbl a J.1 0

a KopHe -3ap- - -30p-» . • r pacpJ.1l,(eeKJ.1 o603Ha4b yenOBJ.1S1 abl6opa op<porpaMMbl.

KnK>'1eSble enoaa leMbl:

§ 13. 3Ha'leHHSI npHCTaBOK

147. np0I.IJ.1TaH • • CpaaHJ.1 AaHHbie cnoaa no neKCJ.1"1eCKoMY 3Hal.leHJ.1tO J.1 no eocTaay. KaK Ha3blaalOTCSI enosa, CXOAHble no neKeJ.14eCKoMY 3Ha4eHJ.1IO? KaKaSi 4aeTb cnoaa npHAaeT rnaro-naM 1-~ KOnOHKJ.1 AonOnHJ.1TenbHble OTTeHKIo1 neKCJ.1"1eeKOrO 3Ha4eHJ.1A? • CAena~ SbIBOA • • 3am1WJ.1 enoaa J.13 1-H J.1 2-H KonOHOK napaMJ.1. CKonbKO nap nonYI.IJ.1nOCb? CpaaHJ.1 3TJ.1 eIlOBa no neKCJ.1"1eeKOMY 3Ha"leHJ.1tO. KaK Ha3blBatOTeSi TaKJ.1e napbl enoa? • BblAenH npJ.1eTaaKJ.1. KaKoe 3Ha"leHJ.1e BHeCnJ.1 npJ.1CTaSKJ.1 B CIlOBa, 3anJ.1eaHHble napaMJ.1? CAenaH ablaoA.

BHeCTH

3aaeCTH

npHHeCTH

BhIHeCTH

OTHeCTH

YHeCTH

148. CmtWH WYTo"tHoe CntXOTsOpeHJ.1e Onera rpJ.1rOpbeSa, BblAemUI npHCTaBKJ.1 B cnOBax . • HaHAJ.1 cnOBa-aHTOHJ.1Mbl, pa3nH"tatow,J.1ecSI TonbKO npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1. OnpeAenJ.1, KaKJ.1e 3Ha"teHJ.1S1 BHOCSIT 3TH npJ.1CTaBKJ.1 B cnOBa . • 06bSlCHJ.1 nOCTaHOBKY 3anSlTOH B 1-M npeAflO>KeHHH, COCTaBb ero cxeMY.

,l\pllKa Ha pblHKe nOl\p8JIHCL co6aKH. Ha I\PIlKY c6.lllKB..IlID;!> 3eBIlKH. t{ To6bI K c068.K8.M np06HTbcH,

CTB..JlH KOmeJIK8MH 6HThCSI.

TaK paao,n;p8.nHCb aeB8KH,

'ITO pa36eJf(8JIHCb co6aKH.

149. npO"tJ.1TaH CTHxoTBo peHHe MapHHbl 60poAH4KOH. YnoTpe6-neHJ.1e KaKJ.1X cnOB nOMorno aBToPY «O>KHBIo1Tb» MonoKo? B KaKOM 3Ha"teHHH ynoTpe6neHo cnOBO y6e)t(aTbl B "teM «neKcH"tecKHH ceKpeT» 3Toro CTHxoTBopeHHSI?

Y6eJf(aJlO MOJIOKO. Y6eJf(8JIo l\8JIeKo! BHHa no JIeCTHHrr;e

CK8THJIOCb,

Bl\oJIL no y mille IIycTHJIOCb,

'Iepe3 IIJIOII\8,l\L lloTeKJIo,

IIocToBoro

06omJIo,

IIol\ CKlIMeHKOH IIpoCKottHJIO,

Tpex cTapymeK no,o;MOqHJIO, i

'YrOCTHJIO ,o;ByX KOTHT,

PaaorpeJIOCh - H HR38,Z1;!

BI\OJIb no Y JIHlIe JIeTeJIO,

BBepx no JIeCTHHn;e

IIblxTeJIo,

H B K8CTPIOJIIO 38ll0JI3JIO,

OTI\YBaHCL THJf(eJIO. TYT x03HHKa I10,lJ;OCneJIR:

- 3IlKHIIeJIO? 3IlKHneJIO!

• KaKHe ew,e oc06eHHOCTH ynoTpe6neHHSI rnaronos Tbl 3aMeTHn? BbmHWH cnOBa c npJ.1CTaBKaMH H cnosa c npeAnoraMIo1. • BcnOMHI1 opcporpacplo1LteCKHe npaBHna HanHcaHHSI npHCTaBOK H npeAflOrOB . • rpacpH"teCKH 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa cnHTHoro HanHcaHHSI npHCTaBOK H pa3AenbHoro Hanlo1caHHSI npeA11oros C APY-

..

rHMJ.1 cnoaaMH . • HaHAH J.1 nOALtepKHJ.1 sce J.13SeCTHble Te6e oPCPOrpaMMbl s cnosax, KOTo~;,e Tbl BblnHcan.

Q6pa3eu 3anHCI1: no nHcb, nOA-rOpOH (noA "teM?).

1 SO. npO"tHTaH . BblAenH npHcTasKH . np0l13HeCH cnosa Bcnyx . • KaK np0l13HOCSlTCSl npHCTaBKH? KaK 0603HaLtatoTCSI Ha nJ.1CbMe? • CAenaH BbIBOA.

no,o;pHCOB8Tb - rro,o;nHC8Tb - I10,ll,nHCb

OT,o;aTb - OTTOJIKHYTb - OTnyCK

c,n;eJIaTh - CTepeTb - CMaaaTb

OPcPOrP8.MM8 .rJIRCHbIe H COrJIRCHhIe B npHcTRBKax,

KpoMe npHCTaBOK Ha -3 (-c).

rJI8CHhIe H COrJI8CHbIe B rrpHCTaBK8X, KpOMe npHCTa-

BOK Ha -3 (-c), 060aHaQaroTcSI Ha nHCbMe Bcer,o;R OAHBa-

KOBO, He3RBHCHMO OT npOli:3HOmeHHSI.

IIp~iJ"'azamb, tiJamb. On03HaBaTeJIbHblH IIpH3HaK op<l>orplIMMbI - 6eaYl\ap-Hoe nOJIOmeHHe rJIaCHoro HJIH CTeqeHHe COrJIaCHbIX.

-_._ . "

151. np0'iHTaH. HaHAI1 cnosa, B KOTOPblX HeT npHcTasKH. • Bblnl1WH cnoaa c np HcTasKaMH, 0 6 03Ha'ib opcporpaMMY·

1. BJIHTb, BOMTH, BoeBRTb, BWApa.

2. ,l1;o6emaTb, ,o;06PbIII, .a;oexaTb, .a;OBepHTb .

3. IIoJIOCK3, nOJJ;'be3A, rrO,lJ;HHTb, nOe3)..1, .

4. C ,n;eJIa'l'h, 3A8HHe. co6paTbcH, c'ncTb.

5. IIpe,ll;cTaBH'l'b , npe.u.OCTaBHTb , npe.n;roPbe. npe,n:MeT.

• COCTaBb J.1 3anHWH no ABa npeAJlO>KeHHSI co cnOBaMM npeAcTaBHTb, npeAocTaBHTb, Y'iHTbIBaSl pa3'bSlCHeHHe, AaHHoe HI1>Ke.

IIpe,o;cT81U!Tb: 1) I103HaKOMHTb KOrO-JIH60 C KeM-HH6y,o;b •

IIpe{}cmaeumb zocmJl, co(5pa8UlUMCJl,; 2) ,o;OCTaBHTb, npe,ll;'bH

BHTL. IIpeiJcma8umb iJOl<YMel<mbl, Cnpa81<Y . IIpe,o;ocTaBHTb:1) OT,o;aTb B pacnopSlmeHHe, B nOJIb30BaBHe.

IIpeiJocmaBumb K8apmupy ; 2) ,o;aTb B03MOJKHOCTh, npaBo.

IIpeiJocma8umb C.II080, omnycI<.

7 / 7 ~~ \ \ \ \tj" / 7 I ~ \ \ \ ~

152. CnJ.1wJ.1, BCTaBnsuI nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl • • 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY «rnacHble H cornaCHble B npHcTaBKax, KpoMe npJ.1CTaBOK Ha -3 (-C)>>, APyrHe opcpOrpaMMbl Ha MeCTe nponYCKoB 6YKB.

1. H8 TB_HX ILPKB8X CT_pHHHhlX BhlP_CT8IOT )J;_p_Ba;

I'JIa_ He _XBaTHT YJIHD; )J;JIHBHblX •• • 3TO MaTYWKa MocKBa.

(<lUI. rJIHHKa) 2. --'1ecb, B cTapblx II_p_YJIKaX 3a Ap6aToM, COBceM oco6b1li ropo_ ••• (FLA. BYH,m) 3. ,A rile Moli TOBaPMUL? - IIP_MOJIBHJI OJIe_. - ... --'10POB JIH? BCe TaK me JIb JIerOK ero 6e_? 4. B PYKH .n:6JIO'll_KO B3_JI8, K 8JIhIM I'Y_KaM

IIj(H_CJIa, n_T_XOHbKY npHKYCHJI8 Ii KycOqeK np_ rJI_THJI8 •••

IIec aa Sl6JIOKO CTpeMrJI8B C JIaeM KHBYJICSI, _3JIHJICSI,

np_I'JI_THJI ero, _B8JIHJICSI ... (A.C. IIymKHH)

3anOMHHf

B CJIOBax~. ~e. ~be 3 HBJIHeTCSI Q8CTblO KOpHSI.

153. CnHwH, BCTaBnsuI B cnaBa npJ.1eTaBKY C knH 6YKBY 3, Ko-TapaS! BXOAHT B coeTaB KOpHSI • • BblAenJ.1 npJ.1eTaBKY.

j(BHHYTb, _ I'JI8,ll;HTb, _1'ym;eHHoe MOJIOKO, _mellb nHChMO,

j(8HHe Te8Tpa, ~maTb npymHHy, ~eWHHH M8CTep, !,.rpbl3Tb l

cyxapb, ~opOBbe. ~paBCTBYH, L6HTbi TeMIIepaTypy,~6epel'aTeJIbHbIH 6aHK.

• nOA4epKHJ.1 Bce J.13BeCTHble re6e opcporpaMMbl.

I T~MII~paTyPa r KJIJOqeBble CJIOBa Tel\o1LI:

npHCT8SK8 opq>orpaMMW- rJI8CRble

JIeKCHqeCKOe 3USQeHHe 6YKBbi Ii opqmrpaMMbl

COl'JI8CHhIe 6yt(.Bhl

B npHCT8SK8X

~

/ I

t I

"

' r

____ § 14. 6YKBbi e, H B npHCTaBKaX npe-, npH-

154. npb4J.1rai1 TeKCT. nOcTaBb YAapeHHe B cnOBax C nponyw,eHHbIMJ.1 6YKBaMJ.1, Ha30BH B HJ.1X npJ.1eTaBKH • • BCTaBb nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl • • B KaKJ.1X npJ.1CTaBKax o603Ha4eHJ.1e Ha nJ.1CbMe 6e3YAapHoro rnaCHoro He Bbl3blBaeT 3aTpYAHeHJ.1i1? n04eMY? • Ha30BH npJ.1CTaBKJ.1, B KOTOPblX B03MO>t<HO HanJ.1Ca-

HHe 6YKB e, H. nOl.(eMY? MO>t<eWb nH Tbl, He 3HaSi opcporpacpJ.1-4eCKoro npaBHna, CAenaTb npaBHnbHbli1 Bbl6op? T orAa onHpai1-

CSI Ha npaBHno!

HaHOHeq nMCbMO /lH,IIM <l>e/lOpa B I'OPO/l IIPW'XaJIo.,B ropo)J;e y»<e .n;pyroii nOqTaJIbOH ero nane C MaMOH np 1.-rn:ec. A H8

YJIHn;e/ ,l1;Om,l1;HK 6hlJI ClfJlbHbJii.n!tbIJIhHLIii. 1l0QTMbOH Becb

IIp[).iOK AO HUTQQKH. IIaDa ,n8>l(c el'o n)JK8JIeJI.

(IIo aR. YenencKoMY «l{RiJJL <Peoop, nee U Kom»)

Oplj>orpaMMa ,SYKBbI e, H B npMCTaBKax npe-, npH-.I---,

IIpHcT8BK8 npH- YKa3bIBaeT a8 npH6JIHmeHHe

(npJiexamb), Ha 6JIM30CTb K QeMY-JIM60 (npl'l.umOJlb· HbLU), Ha npHcoep;HHeHBe (np~\wHmumb), H8 HenOJIHO

TY /leiiCTBHH (np12cecmb). IIpHCTaBK8 npe- 0603HaQaeT Bhlcmyro CTeneHb npH3Ha

Ka (np~806pbIU - O'le1orpaMMbI - 6e3Y/lapHoe nOJIomeHHe I'JI8CHoro.

155. CnJ.1WH cnOBa, rpynnJ.1pySl J.1X no 3Ha~eHJ.1S!M npJ.1-CTaBOK . • 0603Ha4b on03HaBaTenbHbll1 npJ.13HaK J.1 yenoBHSI Bbl60pa J.13Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMbl • • AOnHWJ.1 B Ka>KAYto rpynny cnOB no 2-3 CBOJ.1X npJ.1Mepa.

$

06pa3eu 3anI'lCI'I: . np!innbITb, np{1t1T11 (npIo16m1>KeHlo1e).

IIpH6pemahIif, n pK,lJ;OpOmHhIH, npHJIeTeTb, npecKyqBbIH ,

npeCKBepBbIH, npHnRJlTb, npH6l1Th, opecTyuHHK, npeCJIeAO

BaTb, npHyc8,l.l;efiHblH, rrpHBH3aTh. npH~enHTb . DpHne'tIl). npH-" ceCTb, n perpa.n;a- , n pHKphlTb, npHKOCHYTbCH, npKJIRr8TbCH,

npeMHJIblH, npHCK8K8Tb, npHDOJI3TH.

156. 3anlo1wH enOBa, 0603Hal.4atOw,He:

1) npH6JIHmeHHe 8BTOM06HJISI , nTHJJ;hI, phl5hl, 3MeH;

2) npHcoeAHHeHHe C nOMOm;blO KJIeSl, BepeBKH, HI'OJIKK H BHT

RH, BHHT8; 3) HaXOm,lJ;eHHe OROJIO ,n;oporH, CTRHII;HH , MOPH,

BOK3RJIa; 4) O'tleHh CBeTJIhlH, OlJeHb AJIKHHblH, OlJeHb MHJIhlH,

OlJeHb xopomeHhKHH.

• 0603Hal.4b ono3HasaTenbHblH nplo13HaK H3Yl.4aeMoH opcporpaM- -Mbl 101 ycnosHSI ee sbl6opa . • KaKHe 3Hal.4eHHA npHCTasoK npe-, "PHHe npeACTaBneHbl S 3TOM ynpa>KHeHHIo1? AononHH ynpa>KHeHHe cnoBaMH, KOTopble HMetOT nplo1cTaBKH C 3THMH 3Hal.4eHIo1S1MH.

, 157. CnHwH npeAIlO>KeHHSI, BCTasnAA nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl .

• 0 603Hal.4b ycnoBIo1A Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl e, H S npHCTaBKax npe-, npH-».

1. r....p....AHH'tlldi MemAY TeM B_K83RJI np_ CTpOI'O BceM, lJT06 KODeH He D_Kynrum ... 2. 'fyT H8,AeJI OB CBOH KaqyrBH, onOHC

KOH nOAB_38JICH, np_YMhIJICH, npH_ lJeCRJICH, KHYT CBOH c60-

KY up_neUHJI .. . 3. Oli , KOHeQeK-rop6YHOqeKI IIp_6eraii CKOpeR, ,n;PymoqeKI 4. BOT CIO,n;a-TO ,n;o 3""pHHJJ;bl2 np_JIeT81OT

lKaPbl-UTHnbl. (II.II. EpmoB) 5. H IIJlHna X_X_TaTb, " UJI_ qaMH n_mHMaTb, H n....AMHI'HBaTb I'JI838MH, H np_m;eJIRHB8Tb :

uepCTaMH ..• (A.C. IIYIIIKHH)

• ECTb m1 cpeAH cnOB C nponYCKaMH 6YKS 3Hal.4eHJ.1A npHCTaSOK npe-, npH-, He npeACTasneHHble s npeAblAyw,eM ynpa>KHeHIo1H?

" 158. nonb3YSlcb TonKOBblM cnoBapeM, BblACHH 3Hal.4eHIo1S1

AaHHblX cnos . • CocTasb C HIo1MH cnOBOCOl.4eTaHHR, 3anHWH. • 0603Ha"'lb YCIl.0BHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMMbl «6YKBbl e, H 8 npHCTasKax npe- , npH-» .

IIPH6hIB8Tb - npe6hIBaTb; npHcTynHTh - npecTynHTb2;

npHTBopHTh - npeTBopHTb; npHKJIOHHTbCSI - npeKJIOaHTbCH;

npHeMHHR - npeeMHHK, npeeMCTBeHHOCTh; npH3HpaTb -

rrpe3HpaTb.

159. 06'bHcH"TeJIbHblli IIHKTaHT . • rpa<jlH'IeCKH 060aHa'lb YCJIOBHH BhI6oP8 op<porpaMMhI . BYRBhI e, R B npHCT8BKax npe-, npR- • .

1. A xoaHlOlllKm1: aHa B TepeMY Mem TeM O,ItH8, np_6epeT2

H np_roToBHT. 2. KY,lJ;eCHHK, Thl JImHBhIH, 5e3YMHhIH cTapHK!

IIp_ apeTb 6LI TBoe upellcKaaaHbel 3 .• BaCHJIHCa EropoBHa -\Ip_ xpa6paH lIaMa_, - aaMeTHJI BalKHO IIIBa6pHH. (A.C. IIym· ~HH) 4. Beapo.a;HOI'O np_apeJI II BBeJI B cBoe 1 ceMeHcTBo .

(A.C. rpH60e~oB) 5. IIoeall np_6blJI no paCUHcaHHIO. IIpL6b1-B8Tb B CTOJIHII;e. IIp_ cTYTIHM K 38HSlTHHM. IIpQ.cTyn HTb aaKOH.

IIp~BopHTb ABeph3. llP_TBOPHTh MetJTY B mH3Hh. IIP2..KJIo

HSlThCSI nepe.a; TaJIaHTOM. KOJIocbSl np_KJIOHH:JIHCb K 3eMJIe."

Pa,n;HOnp_eMHHK B 8BTOM06HJIe. IIp~eMHHR AHpeKTop8.

160. npO"'lHTaH CTHXOTsopHble CTP0l.jKH. KaKHMH cnOBaMH «HrpatOT» n03Tbl? B KaKOM 3Ha"'leHIo1H ynoTpe6neHbi BblAeneHHble cnoBa?

1. C068~ BepeBKoH np_BH3h1BaIOT , CHAeTb cnoKoHHo

np_Ka3hIBaIOT. Ho eCJIH HX JII06HT, OKa3hIB8eTCH, caMH OHH

np_BH3blBaIOTCH. -(:3.:3. MOInKOBcKasr) 2. He ycneBI 38KOIfllHTh

,n;PaKH, KaT np KJIeHJICH K co6aKe, a K TpaMBaIO B TOT me MHI'

Up_JIeUHJICH' rpyaoBHK. (B.B. 3.xo~ep) 3. H Ha IIPYlKeCKHli Up_BeT IDJIIO HeMei\JIeRHO OTBeT 'l (A. YcaqeB) 4. IIepeupblrHBaH qepea JIYlKY, 6eperHTeCb BCTpeqHOrO BeTpa, BHeaanHblli UOpblB KOToporo MomeT ,n;OCTaBHTh BaM Henp_SlTHOCTH - BnJIOTb AO

KamJIH H HacMopKa. (THM C06aKHH) 5. IIp_MHTe, MHJIblli KaK· TyC, OT Hac cero,[{HSI B ,n;8P np_KpaCHhIH-p8cnp_ KpaCHblH 6oJIb

IDoli BoallYIIIHblli •.. Bax!!! (fl. IIIeBqYK) 6. Y UOCJIellHeli

87

TD'lIRH, Ha nOCJIe,l1;HeH CTpOl.JKe co6pa.n:acb KOMIIaHHSI 3RRHOB

IIp_IIHHaHH''. (C.>!' Mapmru<)

• BblnHWJ.1 1'13 npeAl10>KeHIo1~ cnOBa c nponYCKaMH 6YKB. B KaKJ.1X

cnOBax Te6e He YAanOCb onpeAemtTb 3Ha'"leHlo1e npJ.1CTaeOK? KaK Tbl

AYMaeWb nOLteMY?

B HeKOTopbIX CJIOBaX B COBpeMeHHOM PYCCKOM "3bIKe npHCTRBKH npe-, rrpu- yme He BbI,lI;eJIHIOTCSI, ORK (lCPOCJIHCbl> C

KopHeM. IIo3TOMY npaBOllHCaHHe TaKHX CJlOB H8,!J;O npoBepSlTb

no CJIOBapro HJUI aaIIOMHH8Tb .

np!lHe6peraTb npgnSlTcTBlie

3anoMHHI.

aHEiKH npgrrHH8lIHSI

rrpn60p npUBeT

161 . ,uJ.1KTaHT ({lIeTBepTbli:1 11J.1WHIo1i:1».

IIpHpOAa npHMep rrpHKJIlOtIeHne

rrpHtI.HHa

rrpHSlTHbIH

l.~tz!9f)&jf(-fH:d-it. nP£ MHJIbIH, nP1.KpacHbIH, npf YMHbIH.

2. IIptAXOAHTb, np.!dIQYPHTbCH,,..Il~bl llPUKPHKHYTb.

3. IIp.td.HaJIetIb, rrpy.TSlHYTb, npl psmca;BQB8JIlb, n Pt!AYMaTb.

• Hai:1AJ.1 B Ka>KA0M PSiAY 11J.1WHee C110BO, nOA"'IepKHJ.1 ero. BblAe-

11J.1 npJ.1CTaBKJ.1 B cnOBax, YCTHO 06bSlCHJ.1 J.1X 3Ha"'leHJ.1e.

.@M!~ ~ II ;':;'\ :ill k

~

162. 06bSlCHJ.1TenbHbli:1 AJ.1KTaHT •

COJIH.n;e mrJIO, KaK B cepe,l1;HHe HIOJISr. JIoma

,l1;H C TPY,lJ;OM Ta~nJIH ,lJ;HJIHmaHc* no rreCKY.

TOHKa" MYKa nbiJIH OKpYlKHJIa nYTeIIIecTBeHHHKOB. BPOBH Ii peCHH:U;hI CTaJIn ce.n;hIMH. IIbIJIb

HenpHSITHo xpycTeJIa Ha ay6ax. Kyqep rrpeBpa

THJICH B MeJIhHHK8. ,

,lJ.HJI!!maHC

\ \ .

I'

/

H B,lq)yr p a 3,lJ;aJICH npHI'JIymeHHbIH BhICTpeJI, Ii Ha ,n;opore IIO

Ka38JICSI KOHHhIH kCTpamHHK. OR eI..Qe paa npHD;eJIHJICH, HO

pa3,ZJ;yMaJI CTpeJISITh. OR rrpHrHYJICH Ii MaxHYJI qepea RaHaBY B

BHHorpa,o;HHK.

(ITo Bfl. Kamaeey «BeJLeem napyc oiJUlt01CUU»)

163. I. nOA6ep" aHTOH"Mbl C np"CTaBKaM" npe-, npH- K AaHHblM cnOBaM ' J.1 cnOBOCOYeTaHHSlM, 3am1WIo1 . · 0603Ha'''4b

opcporpaMMY·

YpO,ll;JIHBhIH , OT,lI;8JUIThCSI , O'tleHb 3JIOH, a'lleHb M8.J[O,

y6aBJIHTb, pyraTb.

II. nOA6epJ.1 CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl C npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1 npe-, npH- K AaHHblM

cnOBaM J.1 cnOBOCO"'leTaHJ.1J1M, 3anJ.1WJ.1 • • 0603Ha"'lb opcporpaMMY.

~aropoAHTb, nOHpaBHTbCH, ,l1;OCTaBaTb, npnea,maTb, Haxo

AHT\'CSI, OTHOCHTbCSI 6ea YBameHllH.

• npoBepb ce6J1: 06paTJ.1Cb K py6pJ.1Ke «nOAcKa3KJ.1)) Ha c. 20S Y"'le6HJ.1Ka •

• lt1cnonb3YSl C110Ba C npJ.1CTaBKaMJ.1 npe-, npH-, COCTaBb J.1 3anJ.1-

WJ.1 3-4 npeAIlo>t<eHJ.1S1.

KJIlO'IeS:&Ie CJlOBa TeM :&I:

npI1CTaBKa

JIeKCHtIeCKoe aH8'1eHHe

opcporpaMMa-rJIaCHa" 6YKBa YCJJOBHSJ 8bI6opa opcporpaMMbI- rJI8CHOH 6YKBhl

§ t 5. IiYHalo. 3 H C Ha HOH~e npHCTaaOH

164. YeM OTIlH1.IatOTCSI npHcTasKIo1 B napax enoa? • CpasHIo1

I npoH3HOWeHJ.1e KOHe4Horo cornaCHoro 3sYKa B npJ.1CTaSKax J.1

era 0603Hal.leHJ.1e Ha nJ.-tCbMe. KaKoH 6YKBOH o603Ha4aeTcSI KO

Hel.fHbll1 comacHblH 3syK B npHcTasKe? KaKYtO 3aKoHoMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • CAenai:t BbIBOA. Ha30BH OCHOBHoe YClloBHe Bbl-60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHu,e npHCTaBOK, 0603HaYb ero rpacpHye-CKH.

6e36pemHbIH - 6eCCHJIhHbIH

B03pOm,ll;eHHe - BOCKJIH~8HHe

B3,ll;OXHYTh - BcrropXHYTh

H36emaTb - HCTOJIKOBaTb

6ea- (6ec-) Boa- (BOC-) Ba- (BC·) Ha- (HC-) HHa· (HHC-) paa· (pac-)

HH3BepraTb - HHCXO,ll;HTb I

qpea- (qpec·. qepec·) pa3,ll;aTh - pacrrYCTHTh

qpe3MepHhIH - qepeCnOJIOCH~a *

OpQ)Ql'p8MMa . BYKBhI 3 If C H8 KOH~e npHCT8BOK. l

B npHCTaBKax Ha -3 (-c) nepeA 6YKBaMH. 060aHaqaIOW;HMH 3BOHKHe corJI8CHbIe 3BYKH, IIHmeTCH 3, 8

nepe,ll; 6YKB8MH, 0603H8Q8IOW;HMH I'JIYXHe COI'JIaCHhIe

3BYKH, - c.

Pa3~060p (nepeJl aB.). pa!:.~ucaltue (nepeA rJlYX.). OII03H8.BaTeJIhHbIH rrpH3H8.K OP<POI'P8MMhI - CTeqeHlie

COrJI8CHblX. I

165. BblnHwl1 TonbKO cnOBa C npHcTaBKaMI1 Ha -3 (-e) • • 060-3HaYb ycnoBHfI Bbl60pa 6 YKBbi 3 I1nH e 8 npHCTasKax.

B 3,ltbIXaTb, paCCMOTpeTb, pa36uTb , paCTHTb, pa3>KBJI06HTb,

6eapa.n;OCTHblH, BOCKOBOH, H36paTb, p a3HhIH, Qpe3MepHblH, HcrreQb, H 3YMPY,ll;HhIH, 6eCKOHTpOJIbHbIH, 6eCe,ll;OB8Tb, B03,l1;bI

X8TeJIb, H cnallK8Tb, HCTOpHQeCKHH , H3JI8r8Tb, HCKp8.

"

-166. 3am1WJ.1 cnoaa B ABa cTon6HKa: c 6YK80H 3 Ha KOH4e "PHCTaSKH H C 6YKBOH C t=fa KOHu.e npHCraSKJ.oi • • rpacp", ... eCKH 0603Halotb

ycnoBHSI 8bl6opa 6YKBbi 3 J.111H C npM HanHcaHHH "pHCTaSKH.

B_oaX8Tb2, 6e~eJIbe, BO_CT8HHe, pa_Be,l(blSaTb, pa_llOJIar8Tbca, B---.A,bI6HTbCH, 6e_llOpSl,ll;OK, "_JIHTh, "_uyraTbcH, pa_I'JISI,lJ;h1S8Tb, 6e_ n;eJIbHbIH, BH_XO,D;HTb, B_KHoeTb, B--AYM8Th,

BO_JImKHTb, H_MOpo3L, ps_ 'tJeT:'\ pa_C't{HT8Tb, qepe_nOJIOCH~a, 6e c'tJeTHblH.

• 06bSlCHH 3HayeHHe SblAeneHHoro cnosa, pa36epH ero no cocTasy.

paili;qHT8.Th pa~eT ~q~HhIH

167. 3aMeHH npHcTaBKY e~ npHcTaBKaMH, OKaHYHSalOUJ,HMHCSI Ha 3 (e), 3anl-iWH • • rpacpW.leCKH 0603HaYb Bbl60p 6YKB 3 H e Ha

KOHLI,' npHCTaBOK.

06pa3eu 3anHCI1: 26e>KaTb - ~e)f(aTb (nepeA 3B.) HenpHSlTHOCTH.

CrOHHTh, C,lI;8B8Tb, CI'H68Tb, CKHHYTb, C68.BHTh I , cBepHYTb,

C,lI;YTb 2, cmeBaTh.

168. HaHAI-i npl1CTaBKI-i Ha -3 (-e) B AaHHblX cnOBax • • BblAenH npHCTaBKH, KOTopble He H3MeHSlIOTCfI Ha nl-iCbMe • • 0603HaYb ycnoBI1S1 sbl60pa 6YKB 3 I-i C Ha KOHLI,e npl-iCTaBOK.

Be3paccy,n;CTBO, H3paCKO,ll;OB8Tb, nepeH3,l1;aB8Th, npe.o;p8C

CY,lI;OK, p8CrrOJIOmeHHe, rrpOHCXO,ll;HTh, rrop83MhICJIHTb, npOH3-

BO,ll;HTh.

169. 3aMeHH cYUJ,ecTBHTenbHble C npeAflOrOM npHnaraTenbHblMH C npHcTaBKaMH Ha -3 (-e) . KaKaSl opcporpacpHyeCKaSl np06neMa B03HHKaeT? • rpacpHyeCKH 0603HaYb ycnoBl-ifi Bbl60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHLI,e npl-iCTaaOK.

Q6pa3ey 3anHCH: 6e3 myx .).

C03HaHHSI - 6e~C03HaTenbHb1H (nepeA ~

' 7 7 7 ~ . \ \ \ \-1-; 7 7 1 ~ \ \ \ i

Bea a8~HTbI, 6ea CnOp8, 6ea a86oTbI, 6ea CeMbH, 6ea CHJIbI,

6ea cep,lJ;n;a, 6ea aJI06bI, 6ea COBeCTH, 6ea BKYC8.

• KaKoe np~1JlaraTenbHOe Tbl 06pa30Ban OT nocneAHerO cyw,eCTSHTenbHOrO C npeAllOrOM? CpasHH ero npOH3HoweHHe H HamtCaHHe. 06bSlCHH, nOl.leMY 3TO cnoso SblAeneHO S paMKy.

6e.f!BKYCHblM

6e3BKYCHI\a

170. CS060AHbl~ AHKTaHT. nocnywa~ H 03arnaSb TeKCT . HaHAH S HeM Te 06pa3bl, C nOMOLl4bto KOTOPblX nHcaTenb nOA-.. .. l.jepKHSaeT KpacoTy P03bl, sblAenSieT ee cpeAH APyrHx paCTe-HH~ . • KaKosa OCHOSHaSl Mblcnb TeKCTa?

Ha poaOBOM KycTe paCn;Be.1I8 poaa. KYCT pOC B n;BeTHHKe

nepe,lJ; rrpHaeMMCTbIM ,lJ;OMOM. IJ;BeTHHK 6hIJI ot{eHb aany~eH. CopHhIe TPaBhI ryCTO paapOC.1IHCb.

,l1;opomKH yme ,lJ;8BHO He paCt{Hm;aJIHCb H He IIOCblrr8JIHCb

rreCKOM. Ol'pa,lJ;a COBceM o6JIea.1Ia, paCCOXJI8Cb H p8aBMHJI8Cb.

Kp8rrHBa aaHHMaJI8 n;eJIhIH yrOJI n;BeTHHK8 H CJIymH.1Ia

<pOHOM ,lJ;JIH Hemaoro H POCKOIDHoro n;BeTKa poabl.

Poaa pacrrYCTHJIaCb B MaMCKoe yTpO Ha paCCBeTe. OHa paa

BepayJIa CBOH JIerreCTKH, H yTpeHHSISI poca OCTaBHJI8 Ha HHX

IIpoapat{Hble CJIe3HHKH. Poa8 TO't[HO UJIaKMa. Ho BOKpyr Hee

6bIJIO TaK XOpOIIIO B 3TO npeKpacaoe YTpO.

(ITo B.M. rapwuny)

• rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.jb opcporpaMMbl-rnacHble H opcporpaMMbl-cornaCHble 6YKSbi S npHCTaSKax H S KOPHflX cnos.

., 171 . 3aMeHH AaHHbie cnosa CHHOHHMaMH C nplilcTasKaMH Ha -3 (-c) . • rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.jb ycnosHSI 8bl60pa 6YKB 3 H C Ha KOHu,e np~CTaBOK.

06pa3eu 3anHC"': sne3aTb - B'3§HpaTbCSI (nepeA 3B.) .

JKecToKHH, HanpaCHo, THXHH, BO.1IHOBaTbCSI, rrpHKaaaTb,

paBHO,lJ;YIIIHbIH.

,

.,

KJlJOQeObIe CJI0B8 TeMbJ:

npMCT8BKH _

opcporp8MMhI- COI'JI8CHble 6YKBhJ

rJIYXOH COI'JIaCBhJH

aBOHKHH COrJIaCHbIH

§ t 6. 6YKBioI bl, H nocne npHCTaBoK

172. npOI.jHTa~. BblAenH npHcTasKH S cnosax. CpasHH npoH3HoweHHe H HanHcaHHe rnaCHblX nocne npHcTasoK. KaKYtO 3aKoHoMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn? • CAena~ BbIBOA.

HCRaTb - IIOHCKaTb - IIO,lJ;hlCRaTb

HrpaTb - ,lJ;OHrpaTh - ChIl'paTb

HHTepecHhIH - IIpeHHTepecHblM - cBepxHHTepecHhlH

\ • Ha30BH OCHOBHoe ycnos",e Bbl60pa 6YKBbi bl nocne npHcTa-SOK, rpacpHl.jeCKH 0603Hal.lb 3TO ycnoBHe.

Op<porpaMMa «BYKBhI hI, H IIOCJIe rrpHCTaBOK))

IIocJIe npHCT8BOK, KOTopbIe OKaHQHBaIOTCSI aa COI'.1Iac

HbIH aBYR, BMeCTO H rrpOHaHOCIITCSI H IIHIDeTCSI LI .

IIoc.1Ie IIpHcTaB~H CBepx- B a8rrHC8HHH coxpaaHeTCSI

6YKBa H. ( .. P" .J •

CbL2pamb .(uzpamb), c6epx'uHmepecHblu (nocne 7c6~e~p~i'~·).

173. CnHwH, conOCTasnSlSl 3sYl.jaHHe H Han",caHHe rnaCHblX nocne np",cTaBoK. ! rpacpHl.leCKH 0603Hal.jb ycnosHSI Bbl60pa H3yl.jaeMO~ opcporpaMMbl.

PaabIcK8Tb, rrpe,lJ;bICTOpHSI, 6eabIHTepecHhIH, rrO,lJ;bITomHTb,

cBepxH3BecTHbIH.

• CocTaBb npeAllO>KeHHSJ C mo6blMH TpeMSI cnOBaMIii H3 AaHHbIX.

114. 06pa3YH S03MO>KHble OAHoKopeHHbie cnosa OT AaHHblX C YKa3aHHblMH npHcTasKaMH. 3anHwH H npoliHTaH HX • • rpacpHliecKH 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa H3Y4aeMoH opcporpaMMbl.

6e3-B3-06-OTpa3-c-CBepx-

Hrp8Th, HCK8Th, HHTepecHhIH, HHHD;H8THBHhIH,

HCKyccTBeHHbIH, HCXO,l1;HbIH

• Pa36epH no cocTasy OAHH rnaron H OAHO npHnaraTenbHoe C I npHCTaBKaMH.

115. CmtWH npep,nO>KeHHSI, BCTasmlSi nponyw,eHHble 6YKSbi H HeAOCTaK>w,He 3HaKI-1 npenHHaHHSI • • rpacpH4ecKH 0603Ha4b ycnoBHSI 8bl6opa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKos.

1. rp03HO C 6ypeH pa.lr ! BOp rrOHl\eT; 3aKpYlKHT oRa, pa3""rpaeT/ clI. (A.B. KOJIbrrOB) 2. KOrl\a-H1I6Yl\b MOHax* TpyI\QJIIO-6HBblH H8H,l1;eT MOR TPY,l1; 1 ycep,ll;HhIH, 6ea~MSlHHblH ••• 3. Ho

.A.7IeKceH Mor H,lI;TH oT£j'CKHBaTh2 B ceJIe ,lI;OtI~ B8CHJIhSl-KyaHe

n;a, HaCTOlIIIIYIO AKYJIIIHY .•• (A.C. IIYWKHH) 4. Cpel\lI rrecTpoH, 1.I\e.6eQym;eH, ,lI;Ylll....dCTOR T_JIIIbI BhI,lI;eJISlJIHCb Ha~cKaHHo O,ll;e

Thle rOCIIO,ll;a, tIJIeHhI He6ea:A aBeCTHoro KpymK8. (A.H. TOJICTOii)

5. Paai cKlIB8Tb aBepH3 IIO CJI!ftaM He BCHKHH ,lI;eHb Y,l1;06HO. (B.B. BHaHKII)

• CocTaBb cxeMY l-ra npeAf10>KeHHA. [- =], LG - , @] 176. Ha30BH OCHOSHoe ycnosHe sbl60pa H3YliaeMoH

opcporpaMMbl. nOA6epH TaKHe npHcTaBKH K AaHHblM cnosaM, liT06bl HanHcaHHe B HHX 6YKS bl, H nocne npHcTasKH OKa3anOCb sepHblM . • 0603Halib ycnosHSI Bbl60pa AaHHoH opcporpaMMbl.

_ bI3BecTHhIH, _H3BecTHblH, _hI,l1;eHHhIH, _H,lI;eHHhIii, _hIC

K8Th, _HCKYCHhIH, _hICKYCHhIH, _blTomllTb, _ hICTOpHtIeCKHH.

---- , KJUO'IeBble CJlOBa TeMbl:

§ 17. 3Ha'leHHA CycjlcjlHKcOB

177. npOliHTaH TeKCT • • KaKHe CYCPcpHKCbl Tbl snHweWb Ha MeCTa nponycKos? KaKoBo HX 3HalieHHe? npOAOn>KH PSlAbl cnOB C 3THMH CYCPcpHKcaMH.

CK8mHTe, tITO TaRoe K8oapl'B. *? A KaoapawHoK? A Ka-

6ap"<Hxa? He 3RaeTe? HeT JIll cYCPQ:mKcoB, KOTophIe IIOMOryT HaM rrOHSlTh 3Ha~Ie

HHe He3HaKOMoro CJIOBa? KaoapmOHOK - 3,l1;eCb BhI,lI;eJISleTCH

\., CYCPCPHKC __ • H8BepHoe, aTO ,lI;eTeHhlw. BcrrOMHHM CJIOB8 C

T8KHM me CY<PcPHKCOM: 3aiitIOHOK, Me,ll;BemOHOK. A Terreph

BcnOMHHM: JIOCHXa, aaHtIHxa. BhIXO,l1;HT, B CJIOBe KaOapatHXa

MOlKRO BblI\eJIHTb Cy<j"PIIKC __ • 3HaQHT, KalKl\blH CyljJljJHKC HMeeT CBoe 3H8tIeHHe. CYcPCPHKChI IIO,ll;CR8a8.JIH HaM, tITO petIllo

H,lI;eT 0 caMKe KaKorO-TO mHBOTBoro 1:1 ee ,ll;eTeHhIme •

(IIo A.T. ApcupU/o)

• KaKHe ew,e CYCPCPHKCbl Tbl 3Haewb? Ha30sH I-1X 3HalieHHSI.

178. KaKHe H3 AaHHblX cnos 0603HaliaK>T npeAMeT, a KaKHe -npH3HaK npeAMeTa no ero npHHaAfle>KHOCTH >KHBOTHOMY?

CJIOH - CJIOHOBhIH, JIOCh - JIOClIHhIH, JIeB - JIbBHHblH, JIeo

napA - JIeOnap,lI;OBblH, JIOIII8,l1;b - JIOm8,lJ;HHaSl (CHJI8), em -emoBhIH, Mopm - MopmoBhIH, eHOT - eHoToBhIH.

• CnHwH, BblAenH CyCPCPHKCbl • • nonpo6yi1 06pa30BaTb OT cnosa Ka6apra npHnaraTenbHble C AaHHblMH CyCPcpHKcaMH. KaKoe 4epeAOBaHHe cornaCHblX S KopHe Tbl OTMeTHn?

~

179. npO"4IHai1. KaKoe 3Ha"4eHl-1e npl-1AaeT cnosy cycpqmKc ~'IHK·? • Cnl-1wl-1, pacnpeAensul AaHHbie cnOBa no rpynnaM: 1) c YMeHbwl-1TenbHo-nacKaTenbHblM 3Ha"4eHl-1eM; 2) co 3Ha"4eHl-1eM Aei1cTBYIOL4erO nlo1u.a; 3) co 3Ha"4eHlo1eM KOHKpeTHoro npeAMeTa (6e3 3Ha"4eHIo1S1 YMeHbwI-1TenbHocTI-1) . • ,QononHIo1 Ka>KAYIO rpynny cnos CSOIo1MIo1 npJ.1MepaMJ.1 . • BblAenl-1 CYCPcpIo1KC . • Hai1AJ.1 J.1 060-3Ha"'lb 113seCTHbie Te6e on03HasaTenbHbie npH3HaKH opcporpaMM B 3anJ.1CaHHb1X cnosax 3HaKOM v .

KapMaHl.IHK, CTYJIb'tJHK, peal.IHK (no ,ll;epe BY), KOCTIOMtIHK,

nepenHCl.IHK, CqeTtIHK (aJIeKTpHtIeCRHii), p a aHOCtIHK, paaBe,ll;

'tJHK.

180. 06pa3yi1 OT AClHHblX cnos HMeHa cYL4eCTBI-1TenbHble, Ha3blSalOL4He nlOAei1 no POAY HX 3aHSlTI-1i1 . • BblAelll-1 eYCPcpHKcbl.

nHcaTb - IIHCaTeJIh, CTPOH'fb -

rrperrO,ll;8BaTb - • • • , y'tJHTb -

BOCIIHTaTb - •• • •

neperrJleTaTb - rrepellJIeT'tIHI'C,

IIepeBo.n;HTb - •• • ,nepeno3HTb

rpy3HTb - ....

rHTapa - rIfTapl1CT, 6aHH - • ••

lIHaHHBO - ••• , q)J[eHTa - •••

JIec - JleCHHK, OXOTa - ••• ,

I\BOP - •.• •

_ -TeJlb

."ll< -HCT

-BHK

6l!;!H , rHTapa , nHaHHHO'

181. npO"4Io1Ta.:t. KaKoe 3Ha"4eHHe npHAaeT cnosy CYCPCPHKC -K-? • CnHwH, pacnpeAenSlSl AaHHbie cnosa no rpynnaM : 1) e YMeHbWJ.1-TenbHo-naCKaTenbHblM 3Ha"4eHl-1eM; 2) co 3Ha"4eHHeM nHu.a >KeHCKoro nona ; 3) co 3Ha"4eHHeM KOHKpeTHoro npeAMeTa (6e3 3Ha"4eHI-1S1 YMeHbwHTenbHocTH).

PytIRa (pe6eHKa), HomRa (M aJIbIma) , cTY,ll,eHTRa, 'tJamRa,

apTHCTKa, rrel.IKa, BHYl.IKa, coceHKa , phl6Ka, RopaHHRa,

aeMeJIbKa, aaKOJlKa , rHMHaCTKa.

~

"-182. 06pa3y.:t cnosa no cneAYIOL4HM MOAenSlM . • LITO

0603Ha"4a1OT AaHHbie CyCPCPJ.1KCbl? • Hai1AJ.1 opcporpaMMy-eornaCHYIO s cnosax. KaKaSl opcporpaMMa 06beAHHSleT 3TH enosa? nO"4eMY? PHAOM CO cnOSOM, KOTopoe Tbl 06pa30san, 3anHWH npOBepO"4Hoe . • rpacpH"4eeKH 0603Ha"4b yenoBHSI sbl60pa opcporpaMMbl . • ,QonollHH ynpa>KHeHHe eSOHMH CnOSaMJ.1.

,.-.....~ : XO,lL, KOC_, pea_

,.-.....~~ :roJIy6_ , rOJIOB_, HroA-

KJlIOQenLle CJlona TeM.LI:

§ 18. npHCTaBO'lHbIH H cyctlljlHKcanbHblH cnoco6bl o6pa30BaHHII cnOB

183. npO"4ll1Ta.:t cnosa. BblAenH S HHX Te "4aCTH cnosa (MopcpeMbl). c nOMOl1.l,blO KOTOPblX 3TH cnosa 06pa30saHbl.

.• 3anHWH cnosa rpynnaMH. CKonbKO rpynn nonY"4Hnocb? • CAenai1 BblBOA 0 TOM, KaKHe cnoc06bl 06pa30SaHJ.1S1 cnOB npeACTasneHbl s AaHHbix npHMepax .

IIp,JnJIbITb, pe~, Iij)iil.eCT'il BoclWI\HTb, -;;;'CYIlIHTb, Ka· MeH~, np~OMHbIH" cbl~A, 'tJeMo.n;aIrtHJt., paecY.AHTb,

KOMIIbIOTep1Il;1I , rpY3QHK, arreJlhCHlflIHIt, rrpeCTpaH HbIH. , • n OA"4 epKHI-1 s cnosax H3seCTHbie Te6e opcporpaMMbl S npH

CTaSKax. CKonbKo 3Aecb pa3Hbix opcporpaMM S npHcTasKax?

B PYCCROM H3blRe CJlOB8 Moryr 06paaOBblBaTbCH OT ,lI;pyrHX

, CJIOB paaHblMH clIoco6aMH, qaI.U;e Bcero npHCT8.BOQHIdM

I (npUnJlbLmb <- ,nJlbL,mb. paccyoumb <-Lf.!&umb), Cy4l4lH KCam.· LHbIM ( lcaMell~u~ <- ,,,aMellb,, Cb,IlO" <- ,CbIIl,).

P a3p,eJI Jl3hlKoaHaHHH , KOTOP bIH H 3yqaeT, OT q ero 1'1 C nOMO

IIl.blO 'tIero 06pa3YIOTCSI CJlOB8, aa3bIBaeTCH CJloBoo6pa30Ba

HHe J\ol.

184. npO""lIo1TaH TeKCT. HaHAJ.1 J.1 BblnJ.1WJ.1 OAHoKopeHHble rnaro

I1bl, o6pa30BaHHbie npJ.1CTaBO""lHbIM cnoco6oM • • 0603Ha""lb

op~orpaMMbl B npJ.1CTaBKax. CKOl1bKO op~orpaMM Tbl o603Ha

""IJ.111?

HOqh npoxo)J,HT, )J,eHh npHxo)J,HT;

C CeHHHK8. * )J,030PHhIH CXO,nHT

If, 06JIHB ce6H BO)J,oH,

CTaJI cT~aThcSl no)J, H36oH:

• 9H BhI, COHHble TeTepHf

OToHpaHTe 6paTY IIBepH • . IlOA AO>KAeM 11 BeCh npOMOK

C ronOBhI AO C8.MblX Horf.

HOqb HaCTaJIa; MeCSIIJ; BCXOAHT;

Ilone Bce HBaH 06XOAHT,

03HparotIHCb KpyroM,

H C8.Jl;HTCSf nop, KYCTOM;

3Be3AbI HS ue6e ClJHTSeT

p;a KpalOllIKY YOJIeTaeT. (II.II. EPW08 «Kone,,·rop6YHO".)

18S. npO""lHTaH OTPblBOK J.13 KHHrJ.1 KJ1. 4YKoBcKoro «OT AByX AO

nsnJ.1» • • KaKoH 3aKOH R3blKa HHTyHTHBHO n03Ha11H «Mal1eHbKHe

I1HHrBHcTbl»?

••• Pe6eHoK nOCTYDaeT B nOJIHOM COOTBeTCTBHH C HCK0Hpbl-

MH HOPM8.MH pO,ll;Horo H3hIRa.

- CMOTPH, RaK HaJIYatHJI Aom)J.h!

- ali, KaKoli nY3b1pb SI BwnY3hlpHJla!

- ,I:(aft MHe pacnaKeTHTb naKeTbl.

- Iloro,ll;H, SI em;e He OTCOHHJlacb.

- MaMa ceplIHTcH. HO 6blCTPO YIl06pHeTClI. B 3THX rJlarOJlax MeHSI oc06eHHO BocxH~aIOT rrpHcT8BKH, ,

rrpH,ll;alO~He Kam,lJ;OMY CJlOBY HMeHHO TOT OTTeHOK 3Kcrrpec

CHH*, KaKOH npH,IJ;aeT liM HapO,lJ;. OHH IIOKa3hIBaIOT, KaK qy,neCHO oru;ym;a.eT pe6eHOK Ha3HSQeHHe 3THX MaJIeHhKHX aa, BLI,

y, Ha, pac, 06 H, T.,ll;.

Bce 3TH npHCTaBRH npH,lI;aIOT PYCCKOH petIa CTOJIbKO 60ra

TeHWHX OTTeUKOB. QY,ll;eCHaSl ee Bblpa3HTenbHocTh B 3BaqH

TeJlbHOH Mepe 3aBHCHT OT HRX. (K.H. 'lJYKOBCKHH)

• CpeAH CI10B, npHAYMaHHblX AeTbMJ.1, HaHw-t H BblnHWH rl1arOI1

C op~orpaMMOH «6YKBbl 3 (c) Ha KOHu,e npHCTaBOK)}. no KaKOMY

on03HaBaTe11bHOMY npJ.13HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb ee HCKaTb? • nOA""IepK

HJ.1 8 TeKCTe Te MblCnJ.1 aBTopa, KOTopble TeCHO CBSl3aHbi C TeMOH

naparpaq,a .

186. npO""lHTaH CTpO~y H3 pOMaHa A.C. nYWKHHa «EBreHHH

OHerHH» . nOA""IepKHH HMeHa cyw.eCTBHTel1bHble H HMeHa npHl1ara

Tel1bHble, 06pa30saHHbie cy~~HKCaI1bHbIM cnoco60M.

BCTaeT 3apH BO MrJIe XOJIO)J.HO~r~ ; Ha HUBax mYM pa60T YMOJIK;

C cBoeM BOJItIHXOIO rOJlOAHoft

BbIXO,ll;HT Ha ,ll;Opory BOJIK;

Ero noqySI, KOHb AOPO)KHblH

· XPSIIHT - Ii IIYTHHK OCTOPO)KHbIH

HeceTCSI. B ropy BO BeCh ,ll;YX ;

Ha YTpeHHeH aape nacTyx

He rOBHT ym KOPOB3 113 XJIeBa,

H B qac n OJIY,ll;emn.Iii B KpymoK

Hx He 30BeT ero pomOK I ; B H36ymKe paCIIeBaJI, AeBa

npSl.,ll;ih, 11 , 3.HMHHX ,ll;pyr HOtIeH,

Tpe~HT Jl~I1HKa nepe)J. Heft.

• BblnJ.1WIo1 HMeHa CYW.eCTBHTel1bHble H HMeHa npJ.111araTel1bHble,

06pa30BaHHble CY~~HKcanbHbIM cnoco60M . • B nepBblX ""IeTblpex

CTpO""lKaX HaHAJ.1 H BblnHWH rnarOl1bl, 06pa30BaHHbie npJ.1CTaBO""lHbIM

cnoco60M .

Q6pa3eu 3anHCH: ~ -yTpeHHHH t- ~O ~

npHXOAJ.1Tb t- ,XOAJ.1;Tb

187. npO""lHTaH TeKCT. Bbl6epH CI10Ba, C nOMOUJ.bl-O KOTO

pblX B . .o. ,QparYHcKHH nOA""IepKHBaeT KpacoTy yTpa, PaAOCT

Hoe HaCTpoeHHe CBoero repOR AeHHCKH, CBOto I1to60Bb K

>t<H3HH, K "leIlOSeKY . • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOA"lepKHI<1 I<1MeHa cYW.eCTSI<1TeIlb

Hble 1<1 I<1MeHa npl<1IlaraTeIlbHble, 06pa30SaHHbie cycpqmKcaIlbHblM

cnoco6oM • • nOHa6IltOAaH, KaKl<1e OneHKI<1 3Ha"leHI<1S1 SHOCJlT cyq:,

CPI<1KCbt B CIlOaa.

Ox, xopomo JIe.maTb I HCHblM yTpe'tlKOM Ha BOAROH CTB.Hu;lIl1

Ha CblpOBaThIX H TEhIJIbIX ee AepeBHHHblx2

,o;Opo.mKaX, B,o;~XaTb BCeMH HOa)1pJIMH CBellmH H TpeBOmHbIH aarrax peKH H CJIbIlllaTb, K8.K aa BblCOKI:IX MatIT8X II TOHKHX peHKax Tpem;aTt nO,ll;

SeTpOM pa3HOD;BeTHble meJIKOBble qlJIamK1I2 Ii BOAa XJIlOrraeT II

IIOJIOm;eTCH rAe-To ITOA T060H B AOID;aTblX m;eJIHX; xopomo T8.K

JIem8Tb, II MOJIll8Tb, II 3aropaTb, paCKHHYB PYKH, H CMOTpeTb

1I3-IIO,o; JIOKTSI, KaE. ae,o;a.rreKO OT CTaHu;HH, tIyrb-qYTb IIOBblllle

no TeqeHHIO, pa60qHe-KaMeHID;HKH QHHSlT Ha6epe.mHYIO H

6blOT IIO P030BOMY KaMHIO MOJIOTKaMH, H 3BYK3

,ll.OJIeTaeT ,0;0

Te6S1 HeMHomKO n03me YAapa, TaKOH TOHKHH II ae.mHblH, KaK

6y,o;TO KTO-TO HrpaeT CTeKJISlHHbIMH MOJIOTOtIKaMH aa cepe6pSI

HOM KCHJIo<j>OHe*.

(B.IO. ppazyncKuu «(Pa6o'tue fJpo6Rm lcaMenb»)

• nepe"lI<1TaH TeKCT ew.e pa3. Tbl 3aMenm, "lTO OH COCTOI<1T TOIlb-

KO 1<13 OAHoro npeAIlO>t<eHI<1J1? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, "leM 3TO MO>KHO

06'bJlCHI<1Tb? • Bblnl<1wl<1 cnosa, 06pa30saHHbie CYCPcpl<1KCaIlbHblM

cnoco60M. 3anl<1wI<1 TaK >Ke, KaK S 06pa34e ynp. 186.-

KJllO'IeBLIe CJlOBa TeMLI :

cDoco6 06P830B8.HHSJ CJIOB cJIoBoo6p830s8HHe

npHCTaSO'l.lHbIH

Cy<l><jlHKCaJIbHbIM TeKCT

BbIpa3HTeJIb HOCTb

§ 19. CnoIKHble H cnoIKHocoKpa~eHHble cnOBa, o6pa30BaHHe H npaBonHcaHHe

1. BcnoMH .... , KaKl<1e cnOBa Ha3blBaKHCJl CIlO>t<HbtM ..... nO~eMY OH .... nOIly"lI<1IlH TaKoe Ha3saHHe?

2. KaK o6pa3ytOTCJI CIlO>KHble CIloaa?

3. LtTO Hy>KHO nOMHI<1Tb 0 npaaOnl<1CaHHI<1 COeAHHI<1TeIlbHblX rnac, HblX 0 H e a CIlO>KHbIX CIloaax?

CJIOS8 B pyCCKOM H3bJKe MorYT 05P830BbIB8TbCH CJIOmeHH

eM OCROB C IIOMOm:blO COe,ll.HHHTeJIbHblX rJI8CHbIx. JIe8gpy6 f

Jl.iJiJ " py6umb, nymgBoiJltaJi (3Bea/la) (- nymb " BoiJumb.

188. 06pa3YH 1<1 3anl<1WH CIlO>KHble CIloaa, 06'bSlCHI<1 HX IleKCH"le

CKoe 3Ha"leHHe. 0603Ha"lb opcporpaMMy-coeAI<1HHTeIlbHYto mac

HYtO • • LtTO 06'beAHHSleT CIloaa Ka>KAOH rpynnbl? • LtTO o6beAHHSI-

eT ace 3anHcaHHbie To60H cIloaa? - -

1) (JWB:[Q] o6pa30BIllme 2) c~8a ,~,[Q] \

3) ,P;;;;p

COtIeTaHl:Ie MHoro

l:I3MeHeHHe rrycTQH

<l>opM'a 3JIOH

Be,o;eHHe

TBOp'lleCTBO

4) rrpoTHB KP8CHbIE:

@ ,o

189. npO"lHTaH. Hai1AH H nOA"lepKHI1 CIlO>KHble CIlosa. C KaKHM

SlSIleHHeM Mbl 3.AeCb HMeeM AeIlO - co cIloaoo6pa30BaHHeM }.1IlH

cIloaoH306peTeHHeM? nO"leMY? 06'bJiCHH. --..;.",.

B cTpaHY XOXOTaa"JQ Ha/l CMeXOrpa/lOM IIp,,6bIJI ~paKoH. Y)1apHJI rpoM: Ha Tpex c8MOJleTRx .ll.PaKOH orrYCTHJICH

IIo.maJIoB8JI OB. H 8 CMeXO,ll.poM.

( r .B. Canzup «(CMeRHijblJ»)

• npOAOn>KH H 3anl<1W}.1 pSlAbl cIloa-,-o603Ha4b opcporpaM-

My-coeAHHHTeIlbHYtO rnacHYto.

CMexorpa,n;, BOJIrOrpM, •••

cMexoAPoM, •••

CaMOJIeT, C8MOXO,o;BbIH, •••

190. npolmTaH. nOHa6ntOAaH, KaK o6pa30saHbi CnOH(Hble

CIloaa, KaK OHI<1 nHwYTcSI H np0}.13HOCSlTCSI.

1) PtP (POcc"MCKaJI tPe/lepal\"JI) rap ;'<1>] , Mry (MOCKOBCKHM I:ocY/lapCTBeHHbIH YH"BepcHTeT)

[a"Uti] ,

2) TI03 (TeaTp IOHOro illlHTeJI") [T'yC], MXAT (MOCKOBCKHH XY,Il,OmeCTBeHHblH !!K8AeMH'lJeCKHH

IeaTp) [MXBT].

CJlOmHbIe CJIosa, KOTophle COCTOSlT 113 COKpaI.D;eHHbIX OCHOB

eJlOS, Ha3hISaIDTCJI CJlOmHOCOKpam;ellllhlMH.

IIpH 06paaOB8..HHH CJIOmHOCOKp~eHHblX eJIOB y COKpa..ru;a

eMblX eJIOS 6epYTCSI, a8rrplIMep, Ha'laJILHhle 0YKBbI: P( OCCUU

c"uil ) z( ocyaapCm6elt".t") Z(YMaltUmaplt.t") y( "U6epcu' mem) ~ prry, npOH3HOCHTC" [sprar3Y] HJIH H3'laJIbHble 3ByRU: T(eamp) IO("OZO) 3(pume'''t) ~ TI03, npOU3HOCHTC" [T'YC].

TaKHe CJIOmnOCOKpam;eHHbIe CJlOSB a8ITHCblS8IOTCH npOllHC

HbIMH 6YXB8MH. TO't.JKH nocne K8.>K,Il,OH 6YKBbI He CTaBHTCSI.

PaA CJIOJKHOCOKpan..:t;eHHhIX CJlOB orrpe,o;eJISleTCSI no rJIaBHOMY CJIOBY: Mry 06?;JUJuJl (M.p.) npueM cmyaettm06 (YHHBepCHTeT -M .p .). CJIO.>KHOCORpa.IIJ;eHHbIe cnOBa, 06paaOB8.BHhl e H3 B8'tIaJIb

HhIX 3BYROB, 06bNHO OTHOCHTCJl K MY>KCKOMY POllY: TI03 (M.p.).

1. 06"bSiCHH, n04eMY CI10>KHOCoKpaw,eHHbJe cnosa nonY4!::'mt raKoe Ha3BaHlo1e . 2. nOAYMai1, KaKOBa npH'-lHHa nOSISneHJ.1S1 B PYCCKOM Sl3blKe Ta-

KHX cnOB.

3. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa-Ha3BaHHSI - 3TO

'"IaCTb TBoero aKTJ.1BHOrO J.1nJ.1 naCCJ.1BHOrO cnOBapHoro 3anaca? no

'"IeMY? 06bSlCHJ.1.

191. 06pa3yi:1 CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa nYTeM COeAJ.1HeHJ.1S1

Ha'"lanbHblX 6YKB J.1nJ.1 3BYKOB. npaBHnbHo npO'"lJ.1Taj;1 HX • • 3anJ.1wJ.1

rpynnaMJ.1: 1} Ha3BaHJ.1S1 Y'"le6Hblx 3aBeAeHJ.1i:1; 2} Ha3BaHHSI OpraHJ.1-

3a4J.1i:1; 3) Ha3BaHJ.1A TeaTpoB.

rOCY,lJ;apCTBeHHbIH aKa,n;eM:rrtleCKHH BOJIbllOH TeaTp [ ranT],

BcepOCCHHCKHH BhICTaBO'tlHblH neHTp [B3B3o;a], MOCKOBCKHH

ne,IJ;arOrHqeCKHH'rOCYAapCTBeHHblH YHHBepCHTeT [aMuaray],

r

TeJIeBHl\eHHe [T3";'], IJ;eHT~8JIbHbIii I\OM JIHTepaTOpoB [1\31\3"JI], IJ;eHTpaJIbHbIM 6BHK [1\.6.], rOCYl\apCTBeHHa" BKal\eMU" ynpaBJIeHH" [ray], TeBTp IOHoro 3pHTeJI" [T'YC].

• KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, B KaKJ.1X cnY'"laSix B YCTHOi:1 J.1 nJ.1CbMeHHoi:1

pe'"lJ.1 YAo6Hee n0J1b30BaTbCSI CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHbIMH cnoBaMH, a

B KaKIo1X - COCTaBHblMH co6cTBeHHb1MJ.1 HaJ.1MeHOBaHIo1S1MJ.1?

192. CnJ.1wJ.1 npeA110>KeHJ.1S1, AonHWH OKOH'"IaHJ.1S1 rnaronOB. He

3a6YAb, '"ITO POA CnO)KHOCoKpaw,eHHbIX cnOB onpeAenSleTcSI

no rnasHoMY CMSy. HanpHMep: MXAT OTKp.,n (M.p.) ce30H (TeaTp - M.p . ). CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa, 06pa30BaHHbie J.13

Ha'"lanbHblX 3BYKOB, MY>KCKOrO pOAa.

OOR paCCMaTpHBaJI(?) Bonpoc 0 npHeMe HOBbIX 'meHOB. TI03 npHH"JI(?) B CBOIO Tpynny MOJIOl\bIX aRTepOB. IJ;B 06'b"B.m(?) KypC I\OJIJIapa. rAY npOBeJI(?) CTYl\eHqeCKyro HBy'lHYIO ROHq,epeH1\HIO. IJ;,ll;JI opraHH30BaJI (?) BCTpeqy C H3BeCTHhIM nHCaTeJIeM .

193. npOCMOTPH HeCKonbKO ra3eT, KOTopble '"IJ.1TatoT B

TBoeM ceMbe. Hai:1AJ.1 CTaTbJ.1 0 C06bITJ.1S1X B HaweM CTpaHe. no

CMOTPJ.1, KaKJ.1e CnO>KHOCoKpaw,eHHble cnOBa ynoTpe6nSltoT

aBTopbl CTaTeM (J.1X nerKO YBJ.1AeTb, TaK KaK cnOBa 3anJ.1CaHbl

nponHCHblMIo1 6YKsaMJ.1). BblnJ.1WJ.1 3TH cnOBa, 06bSlCHH, '-ITO OHH

0603Ha'-latoT (06paTJ.1Cb 3a nOMow,bto K B3pocnblM, ecnJ.1 He cnpa

BHWbCSI caM} . CnpOCJ.1 y CTapWHX, KaKJ.1e ew,e CnO>KHOCoKpaw.eH

Hble cnOBa OHJ.1 3HatoT, 3anJ.1W J.1 J.1X • • COCTaBb J.1 3amtWJ.1 3-4 npeA

nO>KeHJ.1 S1 C HeKOTOpbIMJ.1 1013 cnOB TaK , '"IT06bl rnar0J1-CKa3yeMoe

CTOSin B q:,opMe npoweAwero BpeMeHH (KaK B ynp. 192).

KmO'leBLIe CJIOBa TeMLI:

CJIO)f{.HhIe CJIOBa nponHCHhIe 6yKBhl

COe,lU1Hl:ITeJlbHa.H rnaCHaJI npaBOIIHCaHHe

CJlOmnOCOKp8..IIl;eHHbIe CJIOBa

3. rPAMMATM'lECKOE 3HA'lEHl-iE cnOBA ;a.

§ 20. OKOH'IaHHe. Q)0pMa (nOBa

1. KaKYto ponb OKOH""IaHJ.1e HrpaeT B cnoae? A B cnOBOCO""leTaHHH

H npeAIlo>+<eHHI.1? nOKa)t01 3TO Ha npl-1Mepax. (AIlSl yTo .... HeHJ.1~ OiseTa o6pan1cb K onpeAeneHHto OKOH'-IaHI-1S1 8 § 10, c. 64.) 2. n04eMY OKOHl.faHJ.1e - 3Ha ... HMaJi l.IaCTb cnosa? KaKoe 3Ha'"teHHe

J.1MeeTCSI B SHAY?

3. 4TO TaKoe c:popMa enoaa? nOKa>K1-i 3TO Ha npJ.1Mepe HMeHH r;yw,eCTBHTenbHoro.

H 3 amUMOJl.OZUtteClCOZO c.n,oeapJl, ,

B ,lI;peBHepYCCKOM H3hIKe c XI seRa nOHBJIHeTCH eJIQBQ rP AMATHH, npHme,lJ;mee H3 CTapOCJIaBJlHCKOrO SlahIKa. B rpHM

MaTHKe MeJI~TH" CMOTpHI1KOrO (1648 r.) CKR3aHO: • 'ITO eCTb rpaMMaTHKa. ECTb H3BeCTHQe xYJJ;O:>KeCTBO, 6JIaro H [,JIarOJIH

TH H nHCRTH yqa.m;ee •• B CJIOBapJlX :lTO eJIOBD C TeM me y,l1;ape

aHeM nOHBJIHeTCH C 1704 roAa.

194. npO'"lJ.1Tai:1 reKer. KaKOH BKIlaA BHEk M.B. IloMOHOCOB B pa3B~T~e HaYK~ 0 fl3blKe?

llepBaa HayqHaSl rpaMMaTHK8

PYCCKoro H3hIKa

M.B. JIOMOHOCOB BIIepBhIe ,lI;M Ha~Hoe onBca

HBe PYCCKOH rpaMMaTHKH H opQ>orpaQ>HH. Ero

KHuta H83bIB8JI8Cb .POCCHHCK8Sl rp8MM8THKat

,.. 104

(1755 r.). B Heli M.B. JIOMOHOCOB npH3b1BaJI H3yqaTb rpRMMRTHKY, OB nHC8.JI: .POCCHHCK8.SI I'paMM8THKa eCTb 3H8.HHe, K8.K

rOBopHTb, nnC8Tb ttHCTO POCCHHCKHM Sl3hlROM no JIytlmeMY,

paCCY,lI;HTeJIbHOMY ero ynoTpe6JIeHHlOt. YtIeHhIH npOJIO.)KHJI

nyTb pa3rOBopHOMY Sl3hIKY B JIHTep8TYPY H HayKY II Orp8.HH

tIHJI yrroTpe6JIeHHe YCT8peBlliHX CJIOB H 060pOTOB.

(ITo JI.T. rpueop,,/t «H3.'" Moil - apyz Moil»)

195. npO"i~TaH cpparMeHT paccKa3a to.5I. 5IKoBnesa. KaK Ha3blsaeTCfI on~caH~e SHeWHOCTIo1 "iell0SeKa S xYAO>KeCTSeHHoM np01013seAeHIo1Io1? . KaK~e cnosa HeCKOllbKO pa3 ynoTpe611RtoTCfI B 1-M a63au.e B pa3HbiX cpopMax? nOA"iepKHIo1 Io1X. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nO"ieMY B AaHHOM cnY"iae TaKoe nOBTopeHlo1e RBnReTCR onpaBAaHHbIM?

OH CTOSlJI H8 IIopore ,lI;HpeKTOpCKoro K86HHeTa, II PYKY e~~y OTTSlrHBaJI 60JIbmOH tIepHbIH IIopTq,eJIb B 6eJIbIX Tpem;HHKax.

KOmaH8.SI pyqK8 OTOpBaHa, ,lI;epmHTCH Ha O,ll;HOM ymKe, H IIO}>T

q>eJIh ,zr.OCTaeT IIOtITH ,lI;0 nOJIY. ECJIH He CtIHTaTb CTaporo,

06JIe3JIoro IIopTq>eJISI, TO B HapymHocTH T860PKH Be 6blJIO HH

tIero rrpHMetIaTeJIhHoro. KpyrJIoe JIHD;O. KpyrJIbIe rJIaaa.

He6oJIbmOH KpyrJIbIH pOT. He 38 t.JTO 3a:u.eIIHTbCH BarJISl,ll;Y.

••• MaJIhtIHK nepeCTaJI rpbI3Th HOrTH, Hero KpyrJIbIe rJI83a

I10CMOTpeJIH Ha ,lIHpeKTopa. ~HpeKTOp ,lIJIHHHblli H xY,lIoli. OH a8.HHMaeT nOJIKpeCJIa. A BTOP8S1 nOJIOBHHa cBo6o,ll;Ha. PYKH,

Tome ,lI;JIHHHbIe II XY,ll;bIe, JIe:maT Ha CTOJIe.

• Bblm1wIo1 1013 TeKCTa Bce cpOpMbl AaHHblX HIo1)f(e Cll0B. YKa>t<Io1, s KaKOH cpopMe OHH ynoTpe6neHbl • • BblAeml OKOH"iaH~fI.

PYKR, PYK OC] (e,ll . 'I., B.I1.), PYKlli! (MH. q., H.n.). IIopT<!>eJIb, ... KpyrJIhlli, ... XY,lIoli, .. , )];HpeKTOp, ... )];JIHHHblli, .. .

06bflCHIo1, nOl.leMY, YKa3blBaR CPOPMY Io1MeH nplo1nararenbHbIX, Tbl YKa3an POA, "ilo1cno 101 naAe>K, a rOBopSi 0 cpopMe Io1MeH cyw,eCTBIo1TenbHblx, - TOllbKO "iHCnO H naAe>K?

196. K Ka>KAOMY 1013 WeeTIo1 enoa ynp. 195 nOA6eplo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 op,HoKopeHHble enoaa • • AOKa>Klo1, 4TO Tbl 3anlo1ean Io1MeHHO OAHOKopeHHble en08a, a He CPOpMbl OAHoro 101 Toro >Ke enoaa. KaKlo1e MopcpeMbl HaAO BblAenlo1Tb?

197. np04101TaH cpparMeHT paeeKa3a AHHbl Maee «"AeTIo1 Kanlo1-TaHa rpaHTa" Ioi 51». KaKlo1e rnaronbl ynoTpe6neHbi a HeM 8 pa3HbiX

cPopMax? BblnHWH 3TH rnaronbl, YKa>KH, B KaKOH cPopMe OHIo1 ynoTpe6neHbi (nlo1LJ,O , 4Io1eno) • • BblAenlo1 OKOH4aHIo1S1.

)J;eTH H C8.MH XOTHT fibITb XOpOIDHMH. H, HanpHMep, OlleHb

XOllY XOPOllO y't[HTbCH II yqYCb nJIOXO He OTToro, liTO MHe aTO

HPaBHTCH, a rrpOCTO nOTOMY, 'tJ:TO He MOry Ha ypOKax COcpe,lJ;O

TOllHTbCH. H ,n;YMalO 0 nOCTopOHHeM.

A B3pOCJIbIe BCe BpeMH cnpamHBalOT:

- 0 "eM Th! IIYMaellih? M8.JIO JIH 0 'tJ:eM H ,lJ;YMalO? H .me He M0ry HM 06 aTOM CRa-

3aTb. Pa3Be OHH nOHMYT?

• n04eMY, YKa3blsaSl, B KaKOH cpopMe eTOSIT rnaronbi a TeKeTe, Mbl He Ha3blaaeM Io1X enpSl>KeHlo1e? • OAHIo1 101 Te >Ke nplo13HaKIo1 Tbl YKa3an y rnaronOB y'tyC" 101 yt.lHTbcSllo1nlo1 pa3Hble? n04eMY? 06bSle- ' HH • • nOA6eploi 101 3anlo1WIo1 OAHOKopeHHble enoaa K rnarony y'tHT"CII. AOKa>Klo1, 4TO Tbl nOA06pan Io1MeHHO OAHOKopeHHble enOBa. ,

~OPMLI O,lJ;HOrO H Toro .me CJIOBa nOJIY'tJ:aIOTCSI, RorAa MbI

H3MeHSleM CJIOBO. HanpHMep, HMSI cy:m;eCTBHTeJIbHOe - no

"HCJIaM H n~e"'aM (iJpye, iJpyea, ° iJpyee, iJpy3bR H T.II.). HMIl npHJIaraTeJIbHOe - no pO,lJ;aM, lIHCJIRM H na,lJ;emaM (po8nou, poiJHoeo, POiJHOMY, poiJHaR, poiJHoe, POiJHbte H T.II.), rJIarOJI -ITO JIHu;aM H 'tJ:HCJIaM (6cmpettalO, 6cmpettaeJlt, 6cmpettalOm H

T.II.). )J;JISI ofipa30B8.HHSI q,OPM CJIOBa CJIymHT OKOH1laHHe, Hepe,lJ;-

KO BMeCTe C npellJIOrDM (iJpye O , Q apyelru ). . cJ>oPMhl OIlHoro H Toro me CJlOBa HeJlL31l CMeIIlHBaTL COli'

HOKopeHHLlMH MOBaMH, KOTopble OTJIHlIaIOTCSI APyr OT ,lJ;pyra

JIeKCH"eCKHM 3HaQeHHeM. J{pye - iJpyey; iJpye - iJpy:J/C6a. Bcmpettamb - 6cmpellaeLUb; 6cmpellamb - BcmpettlibLu. ,

~

198. HanHllH He60JIbllOe CO'lIHHeHHe-onHCaHlie Ha TeMy

.U;BeTHoH XOPOBOAl) no AaHHbIM onopHblM CJIOBaM H <pop

MaM CJIOB.

oceHh

oceHHnM

JIHCTbSI

JIHCTLeB

o JIHCTLHX

JIHCTOK

JIHCTOqeK

JIHCTOn8.,ll;

JIHCTBa

U;BeTa He TYCRJIble, a SIpKHe, npa3AHHlIHble;

He O,lJ;HOTOHHble, a pa3HOIl.BeTHbIe .

KpaCKH

KpaCHBbIM

KpaCOTa

• nOA4epKHIo1 cPOPMbl OAHoro H Toro >Ke enoaa. Y 0AHOKopeHHblX enoa 0603Ha4b KopeHb • • KaKlo1e npeAllO>KeHHSI npe06n3AalOT a TaOeM TeKeTe: npoeTble, npoeTble e OAHOPOAHblMIo1 4neHaMIo1101nlo1 enO>KHble?

199. np04HTaH. HaHAIo1 101 &" ' Io1WIo1 CPOPMbl OAHoro H Toro >Ke enoaa, ablAenH OKOH4aH Ka>Klo1, B KaKIo1X cpopMax yno-rpe6neHbi enoaa . • nOA6ep anHWIo1 K HIo1M 0BJ:i~peHHble enoaa, BblAenlo1 KopeHb. . 36ep '\' ~:e"tTa'By enOBa, B03ne KOTOPblX eTOIo1T LJ,Hcppa 2, n WH K HJ:M OAHoKopeHHbie cnoaa 101 2-3 CPOpMbl enOBa.

PYC8.JIK8 nJIblJIK no ~Ke rOJIy6oM, 03apSIeM8 nOJfH~ii JI HOM; - \ H CTapaJI!"cb OHa\ lIq JIeCHYTh 110 JIYHh! Cepe6pm)TY!O' neHV BOJIHbI.

H lliYMIl H KPy.",c... KOJIe6aJIa peKa OTpameHHble B HeH~JIaKa~; \ II netu!_ ~YC8JIKa - H 3 K ee"tJIOB

.n:OJIe~py'l'''' 6eperOB' . l (M.IO. JIepMoHmoB)

• Bblnlo1wlo1 cnosa c opcporpaMMaMJ.1-npOBepSie/lt\bIMIo1 101 4epeAYlOuV1MHCSI rnaCHblMIo1 B KopHe.

KJJJOQeBble CJIOB a TeMbl:

CJIOBO

CPOPMbI CJIOB8

OKOHl-l RHHe

CBfl3b CJlOB

O,lJ;HOKOpeHHbre cnOB8

§ 1 t. MopcponorH~eeKHe npH3HaKH enOB

200. npol.Uo'lTait TeKCT 101 nonpo6yi1 era npoAOmtU1Tb • • npeAcraBb ce6SJ Ha Mecre YY"'TenSl 101 nOAYMai1, KaKOa1 Bon poe Tbl 3aAan 6bl Knaccy MIni KaKoe 3aAaHHe npeAIlo>t<lo1n 6bl nacne "ITeHHSI 3Toro reKcra.

B 1925 rOilY 3HaMeHHThlH PYCCKHH JlHHrBHCT JIeB BJlai\H

MHpOBH'tI r.u;ep6a BO BpeMH O,ll;HOH H3 CBOHX JIeKD;HH rrpe;::J;JIO

mHJI cTy,n;eHTaM aanHcaTb rrpe,ll;JIOmeHlIe Ii 06'bSlCHHTb, "'tJTO OHO

03HaQaeT. IIpe,ltJIomeHHe 6hIJIO TaRDe: -.TJIOKaSl Kya,lJ;pa IIITeKO 6Y,ll;JIaHYJIa 60Kpa H KYPASrtIHT 60KpeHKa ••

CTy,n;eHThI CHatJa.n:a paCTepHJIHCb Ii HMt.IerO 06'hSlCHHTh He

MorJUI. TOr,ll;R npoq,eccop crrpOCHJI, KaKHM 'tIJIeHOM rrpe,lJ;JIomeHHS! HBJIHeTCH CJIOBO . 4 KY3,lJ;pa. Ii RaKaH aTO qaCTb pe~nlJ:.

- IIo,ll;JIema.w;ee ... Cyrn;ecTBHTeJIbHoe ... meHCRoro pOAa ••• KaK aTO HlI CTpaHHo, HCKyccTBeHHO C03,D;&HHOe JI.B. r.u;ep-

60H npe,n;JIOmeHHe ORa3aJIOCb Mo,n;eJIblO PYCClWI'O rrpe,n;JIome

HlIJI, ROTopoe B u;eJIOM rrOHJITHO, XOTJI KopneR -RY3)1;P-, -60RP

H T.rr. B PYCCKOM JI3bUte BeT. 3TO 06'bJICHHeTCH T~M, liTO ,

npe,n;JIOmeHHe nOCTpoeHO no aaROHaM I'paMMaTHKH PYCCKOI'O

H3MRa.

• OnpeAenH, KaKOH '-IaCTblO pe'-lH H KaKHM '-IneHOM npeAllO>Ke

HHSI SlanSleTCSI Ka>KAOe cnoao s HCKYCCTseHHOM npeAnO>KeHHH,

npHAYMaHHOM 11.B. LLtep60H. YKa>KH rpaMMaTH'-IeCKHe npJ.13HaKH Ka>KAOrO cnosa KaK '-IaCTH pe'-lH.

rpaMMaTHQeCKOe 3HaqeHHe 113MeHHeMbIX CJIOB aaRJIIOl.J.eHO

B OKOH"tJaRHH, a TaKme B cPopMoo6pa3YlOIQHX CYcPcPHKcax.

201 . OnpeAenH no OKOH'-IaHHSlM, K KaKHM '-IaCTSlM pe'-lH 01-

HOCSlTCSI cnosa. KaKHe rpaMMaTH'-IeCKHe npH3HaKH '-IaCTeH

pe"llit Tbl MO>KeWb onpeAenlltTb no OKOH"IaHIltRM? (~MeH B BHAY, '-ITO OAHO 101 TO >Ke OKOH'-IaHHe MO>KeT 6blTb Y HeCKonbKHX

CPOpM cnosa, a HHorAa Y pa3HbiX "'4aCTeH pe'-lH.)

,

~

L---' I!!l L---' I!!l L---' loftl L---' leMI L---' [!;i]

L---' lasrl L..-....J 101'0 1

L..-....J IbIMHI

L---' lell I L---' 11010 I

L---' ~ L---' leMI L---' !ill L..-....J 11ITei

L---' IsrT I

202. OnpeAenH no OKOH"aH""M " ,*,opMo06pa3ylO~HM cy,*,cpHKcaM, cnosa KaKHX '-IacTei1 pe'-lH 3AeCb «3awHcpPoBaHbl».

• nOA6epH H 3anHWH cnoaa, cooTBeTcTBYIOUJ,He cxeMaM, YKa>KH, B KaKoH cpopMe OHH CTOSIT • • 0603Ha"'4b B 3THX cnOBax ycnoBHSI

Bbl60pa H3seCTHbiX Te6e opcporpaMM. /'. A

I......-J Tb L.....-..J JI [.i!J /'- A

L..-....J @I &!:!. L-..J JI [jj1 L---' IIOTI L-----'leTel

'-----' 1lITl.Gi ,----,ltO

AO /'. L-----' JI &b,

203. 3aKOH'-IH cxeMY H 3anHWH no 2-3 npHMepa cnOB Ka>KAOH

"'4aCTH pe'-lH. "tJaCTH pel.J.H B PYCCKOM H3bIKe

J t ~ C8.MOCTOJITeJIbHhIe CJIyme6HbIe Mem,Zl;OMeTHJI

204. npO'-lHTaH TeKCT. KaKoBa ero rnaSHaSl MblCllb? • CcpOPMY

nHpYH caMOCTOSlTenbHO H 3anHWH, KaKoH O'-leHb Ba>KHbIH npaKTH

'-IeCKHH COBeT AaeT nHHrBJ.1CT IleB BaCHnbeBJ.1'-1 YcneHcKHH Ka>KA0MY

H3Y"'4alOw,eMY HHocTpaHHblH Sl3bIK.

Kor,n;a BaM npH,n;eTCH yqHTbCJI HHOCTpaHHbIM H3bIKaM, He

,n;YMaiiTe, "tJTO I'JIaBHOe - 3ayqHTb n060JIbme 'tIymHx CJIOB. He

3TO BamBO. Bamaee BO MHoro pa3 nOHHTb, KaR, RaKHMH cno

C06aMH, npH nOMo~H KaKHX HMeHHO Cy$PHKCOB, npnCTaBOK,

OKOH'tlaHl:di 3TOT HabIK 06paayeT cym;ecTBHTeJIbHOe OT I'JIarOJIa,

rJIarOJI OT cym;ecTBHTeJIbHoro; RaK OR CnpHI'aeT CBOH I'JIarOJIbI,

KaR CRJIOHHeT HMeHa, RaK CBJI3bIBaeT Bce aTH 'tIaCTH pel.nl B

npe,n;JIOmeHHH. KaK TOJIbRO BbI aTO YJIOBHTe, BbI OBJIa,Zl;eeTe

H3bIROM. TO'tlHO TaR .iKe TOT H3 Bac, KTO a8XO'tleT 6bITb H3bIROBe,o;OM,

AOJImeR 60JIbme Bcero BRHMaHHH y,n;eJIHTb 11M, 3THM Hea8.MeT-

HbIM TpymeHHKaM H3bIRa - Cy4»41HKcaM, OKOHllaHHHM, npe-

4»HKcaM*. ::lTO OHH ,n;eJIaIOT H3bIK H3bIROM. ITo HHM MbI Cy,n;HM

o po,n;CTBe Mem,n;y H3bIRaMH. IIoToMY qTO OHM-TO H eCTb rpaM

MaTMKa, a rpaMMaTHKa - 3TO H eCTL H3LIK.

(JIB. YcneHcfCuil. U3 fCHueu «CJLoeo 0 CJLoeax»)

• 06bSKHJ.1, nOyeMY aBTOp TeKCTa Ha3blBaeT npJ.1CTaBKJ.1, cyep

cPJ.tKCbl J.t OKOHyaHJ.tR «He3aMeTHbIMJ.t Tpy>t<eHJ.tKaMJ.t R3bIKa».

lOS. Cm-tWJ.1 TeKCT • • JlgA'lepK"'''"'npeAfl~eHIlfe;-a-K"6'fe-p9M=a8Tep-C-f1OMO~-f1~eMa-epa8I'teRJlfsrco3,c;aero6pa$ K.ap:r:SttH.Y.: . BblAenStt OKOHyaHI<1R B J.1MeHaX cyw,ecTBIo1TenbHblx,

J.tMeHax npJ.1naraTenbHblx J.1 rnaronax • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 OAHOKopeH

Hble cnOBa, BblAenJ.t KopeHb.~~rpaM·Mbt-pa3AenMTenbHbt~ II H b-AllSl-060 3!04a'leHHSM7(SlrKOCTH cornaCHblX Ha nHCbMe.,.

Pe6HTa YBH.n;eJIH BhICOKYIO Qepen1lQHYlO RpMmy.# 't.{epeIIH

n;a* IIoxoma Ha KpaCHbIe rrepbIlliKH, a BCH KpbIma Ha 60JIbmOe

8.JIoe KPbIJIO. Ha C8.MOM Kparo 1 KOHbKa B03BbImaJICH mTbIP~ Ha HeM 6bIJI <pJIrorep*. ,ll;ame C 3eMJIH BHAHO, QTO 3TOT ¢)JIlOrep

He QeT8 CBOHM c06paTbH~ B ero q,0PM8X 6bIJIO qTO-TO cTpe

MFlTeJIbHOe 1:1 HenOHHTHoe. 't.{TO XOTeJI 1:I306pa3HTb ,lJ;peBHHH

<pJIIOrepHhIx l\eJI MacTep? (IO. JI . .H1COaJLea «BcaaHUfC. c1CallY14UU naa 20pOaO.M.»)

206. npOI.jJ.1Ta~ TeKCT. nOAyepKHJ.1 cnOBa, 0 KOTO

pblX Tbl Mo>t<eWb TOI-IHO CKa3aTb, KaKaR 3TO yaCTb

peyJ.1 • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 cnOBa rpynnaMJ.1 no yaCTRM peylo1:

CHaLfana caMOCTORTenbHble (B HaLfanbHo~ cpopMe),

38TeM cny>t<e6Hble • • 06bRCHIo1, no KaKIo1M nplo13H8K8M

Tbl onpeAenlo1n Ka>+<AYto yaCTb peylo1 • • nOCMOTplo1,

CKonbKO cnOB OCTanJ.1Cb HenoAl-lepKHYTbIMJ.1. Ha ypOKax pyccKor.o

R3blK8 Te6e ew,e npeAcToHT Y3H8Tb, K8KIo1MIo1 LfaCTRMIo1 peLfH OHH RB

JUltoTCR.

Kor,n;a KamTaHKa npOCHYJIaCb, 6bIJJO y me CBeTJIO U C YJIH

n;bI AOHOCHJICSI myM, KaROH 6hIB8eT TOJlbKO ,n;HeM. B KoM'HaTe3

. ' * IIpecpHKc - TO me, tJTO npHCTaBK8.

He 6bIJIO HH ,o;ym1:l. KamTaHRa nOTHHYJIaCb, aeBHYJI8 H, cep.tJ;~TaHa, yrplOM8H, npOIIIJIaCb no ROMaaTe. 0Ha 06moxaJIa3 yrJr'bI

H Me6eJIb, 38rJI.HHYJI8 B nepe,o;HIOID 11 .He H8mJIa HHqero HHTe

peCHoro. KpOMe ABepH, KOTopaH BeJIa B nepe,o;HIOIO, 6blJIa ern;e

O,lJ;Ha ,ll,Bepb. IIo,IJ,YM8B , KamT8HK8 nou;ap8narra eii;1 06el:lMH )]:8-

n8M1:I, OTBOpHJIa 1:1 BOmJIa B CJIeAyro~ylO KOMHaTY •

(A.II. fJexoB «KawmaH1Cal»

• BblAenJ.1 OKOHLfaHIo1R B J.1MeHaX CYW.eCTBJ.1TenbHbIX, HMeH8X npH

naraTenbHbtX H rn8ronax. nOAyepKHIo1 B HHX H3BeCTHbie Te6e op

eporp8MMbl, 06bRCHIo1 HanHcaHIo1R.

107. 38nOnHJ.1 T86nHu,y • • 06bRCHIo1, nOLfeMY npJ.1 MopeponOrJ.1-

LfeCKOM pa360pe cnOBa CHaY8na Hy>+<HO Ha3BaTb nOCTORHHble,

8 3aTeM HenOCTORHHble npJ.13HaKJ.17 . CaMOCTOR MOPQJonOrKtleCKHe

"lIneR Halla.n:bH8R nDH 3H8 KH TenbHble

B onpOCbl qmpM8 HenOCTORH-Dpe,ll;JIO~

Q8CTH TIocTORHHble >KenUR pellH H bH'

lIMR cY- 1I.n.,

m;ecTBH- ( r e,ll; .ll.

TenbHoe

lIM.R npH ~ (-

1I.n.,

JI8r8TeJIb- L e,ll; . ll. ,

Hoe M .p.

rJI8rOJI Heonpe -

• ,lI;eJIeHH8n

¢lOpMS

JIU'llHble (' 1I.n. MeCTO- I HMeRH.R t

CpaBHH 1-to H 2-to 38nJ.1CJ.1 B KOnOHKe «H8Lf8nbHa R epopMa».

CcjlopMyn"pyii npo6neMHb'" Bonpoc.

MOPcPOJlOrHH - aTO CHCTeM8 qaCTeH peql:l Ii a8KOHbI CJIOBO

li3MeHeaHH, a T8Kme pa3AeJI H3bIK03HaHHH, KOTOPbIH H3yq:8-

eT qaCTIi peqH.

108. nOIlb3YSlCb Ta6mllJ,eH, BblnOIlHIo1 MopcponOrlo1"'1eCKIo1H pa360p

en08 e lI"CPpoi1 3 "3 ynp. 206 . C06n1OAai1 nOp"AOK pa360pa. • HaHAIo1 B TeKCTe ynp . 206 101 Bblnlo1WIo1 pa3Hbie CPOPMbl OAHoro 101

Taro >Ke CIlOBa, YKa>Klo1 , B KaKIo1X cpopMax ynoTpe6neHO 3TO enOBO .

...... ,

109. CocTaBb paccKa3 Ha TeMY «He3aMeTHble Tpy>t<eHIo1KIo1

Sl3bIKa». PaCCKa>KH , KaKYtO POIlb HrpatOT 8 PYCCKOM Sl3blKe

OKOH"'IaHIo1S1, npHCTaBKH Io1nlo1 CyCPcpIo1KCbl. nOKa>K101 3TO Ha nplo1-

Mepax. 06bSlCHIo1, KaK Tbl nOHHMaeWb CMblCIl 3arnaBIo1S1 pac

CKa3a. npH He06xoAHMOCTIo1 MO>KeWb Io1cnonb30BaTb cpparMeH

Tbl "3 TeKCTa n.B. YeneHeKoro (ynp . 204).

KJIJO':IeBbl e CJI0B8 TeMbI :

lfaCTH peqn MOpC})OJIOI'UlleCKne IIpH3HaKH

rpaMM8TH'l(eCKOe 3aKOHhI H3hlKB

aa8lfeHHe CJIosa

MOp<jJOJIOrH" OKOH'llaHUe

§ 22. CnYIKe6Hbie '1aCTH pe'lH

l iD. npO"'lIo1TaH OTPblBOK 1013 paCCKa3a A .n. raHAapa «rony-

6aSl "'IaWKa», S KOTOPOM nponyw.eHbl Bce cnY>Ke6Hble cnosa.

nOAYMaH, KaK 3TO nosnlo1S1no Ha Ka"'leCTSO TeKtTa • • BCTasb,

rAe 3TO Hy>KHO, HeAOCTatOUJ,He npeAflOrH, COt03bl, "'IaCTIo1L.J,bl.

4TO H3MeHHnocb? • CpasHIo1 nonY"'lIo1BwIo1HCSI Baplo1aHT TeKCTa C

aBTOpeK"M (eM . e . 205 y"e6H"Ka).

••• )1;porHYJIa" aamYMeJI8 MeJIhHHua, aaKpYTHJIOCb BO)1;e

OT)1;OXHYBmee KOJIeco. BbICRO'llIiJIa MeJIhHHtlHOrO OKaa 06cbI

naHHaH MYROH, om8JIeJI8S1 Hcnyr8 KOIIIK8 . CnpocoHoR npo

MaXHYJI8Cb CB8JIHJI8Cb npS!MO cnRHY 38.,1l;peMaBmeMY 1p;.!,lPHKY.

llIapHR B3BH3rBYJl nO)1;nphlrHyJI. RomK8 MeTHYJIacIlL,Zl;\;peBo,

Bop06Llf l\epeBa KpLlmy. JIomSI\L BCKHHYJIS MOpl\YlV\epHYJIS • • J

TeJIery,. capaS! BblrJISlBYJI KaKOH-TO JIOXMaTblH, cephIH MYKH

,Zl;.H)1;bK8, pa306p8BIIIHCb, nOrp03HJI ,Zl;JIHHHblM KHYTOM OTCKO

tlHBmeMY TeJIer~ CaHbRe.

t. KaKosa ponb npeAllOrOB S cnosoc04eTaHIo1H lo1 "npeWlO>Ke

HIo1Io1? nOKa>K101 Ha nplo1Mepax •

1. KaK pa3nlo14aTb OAIo1HaKOSble no HanHcaHIo1to 101 np0lo13Howe

Hlo1to npeAllorlo1 101 nplo1cTasKIo1?

3. KaKlo1e neKCIo14eCKHe 3Ha4eHIo1S1 HMeeT MHor03Ha4Hoe cnOBO

COI03*?

4. nepe"'lHCnlo1 COt03bl, KOTopble Tbl 3HaeWb.

S. KaKYto ponb Io1rpalOT COto3bl S npeAllO>KeHHSlX C OAHOPOAHblMH

"'IneHaMH? B CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHIo1S1x?

6. KaKOBa ponb 4aCTIo1L.J,b1 He S pe4H?

7. C KaKIo1MH 4aCTSlMIo1 pe4H MO>KeT ynoTpe6nSlTbcSI 4aCTHLJ,a He?

nOKa>K101 Ha npHMepax.

8. LjTO 06w,ero y scex cnY>Ke6HblX 4acTeH pe"'lH H '-4eM OHH OT11H-

4alOTCSI APyr OT APyra? n04eMY OHIo1 nonY4HnH TaKoe Ha3BaHlo1e?

211 . np04101TaH TeKCT. B HeM aBTOp ynoTpe6Hn ABa rnarona

CHHOHIo1Ma. Bblnf.1WH HX H nOAYMaH, "'IeM OTnlo14aIOTCSI 3Tf.1 cnosa -

OTTeHKOM 3Ha4eHHSI Hnlo1 ynoTpe6neHHeM B pe4H • • KaKIo1e aHTOHH

Mbt ynoTpe6neHbi S TeKCTe? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, C KaKOH LJ,enbtO

aSTOp HX Hcnonb3yeT?

CROJIbKO M030JIeii BblCKaRHB8JIO aa PYR8X MaJIeHbKHX H

60JIbmHX apHTeJIeH, KorA8 TH6YJI BhICTYIlaJI HS PhIHO"llHhIX

IlJIOrna.n:HX! TaK ycep)1;HO XJIOnaJIH eMY H JI8.BO"llHHKH H HHm;He

CT8pYXH H mROJlbHHKH H COJI)1;8ThI ... Tenepb JI8BOllHHRH H

41paHThI co.m8JIeJIH 0 CBoeM npemaeM BOCTopre: . MbI eMY

pYROnJIeCKaJIH 8 OH cpamaeTCJI npOTHB HacI ••

(ilo fO.K. O .... ite .Tpu TOJlc"""ca.)

• OnpeAenH, "'ITO coeAHHSltOT COlO3bl H 101 a - OAHOpOp.Hble 4ne

Hbl HnH 4aCTH cnO>t<Horo npeAll0>KeHIo1S1. CnHWH, paCCTaBb HeAOCTa

IOL4He 3anSiTble . • 0603Ha4b H3BeCTHbie Te6e opc:porpaMMbl.

212. CnHwH , pacKpblsaSi cK06KH H BCTaBIlfISI "ponyw.eHHble 6yK

Bbl • • rpacpH4eCKIo1 o603Ha4b ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.

1. .A Mea" OTe~ (Be)JlI06HT, OB BHKorAH (Be)~eJIOBaJI MeHJI., - CKa3aJI .H rpyc _ aD I . • TbI (He )noaHMaemb, Thl6ypn;HH

JIY"_me aBaeT>, - BOap_aHJI BaneK. (B. r. KoponeBKo) 2. 'l>I.

CTOI'O H OI'OHb (He)o6oaOfd~T, a I'PH3HOl'O H B~a (He)OTMoeT .

(IIOCJIOBIHla) 3. Mope (He)cllMT, peKM' (He)cnHT, TMXO CTpy· HT_CH B...Aa. B 6eJlYIO, 6eJlYlO HO"L MHe (He)ycHYTL HaKorAa. (IO.K KopHHen)

• CoeTaBb

IIpe,lVIOI'H, COlO3bl, qaCTUIJ.bI - aTO cnyme6HLIe qaCTH p ellH. 1 DBH He HMelOT JIeKCHqeCKOI'O 3BaqeHHR, Be H3MeHSIIOTCSI H He

SlBJIJUOTCSI qJIeHaMH rrpe,o;JIOmeHHSI .

npe,o;Jloru BMeCTe C OKOHt{aHHHMH CJIY)KaT AJIH 06paaOBa

HaH q,OPM CJlOB (nap I<[] - eA. q., M.n.; II. nap,,~- eA. q., II.n.) H ~~H CBH3R "CJIOB B CJIOBOCOqeTaHHH H npe,o;JIO:>KeHHH (Mbl 6bllllJlU UJ nap,,@ .)

COlO3hl coe,o;HHSIIOT O,o;HOpo,o;HbJe lIJIeHLI np~JIQ)KeHHJi H tla

CTH CJIO:>KBOI'O npe,o;JIO)KeHHH . (38€30b£ .Mep'flnym u za~ym. ,aa6/l0 /lacmvnu,na llil'iJ?, '£0 .!U/.lliI. /le 6CXOQu,na.)

t.{aCTHIJ.a He npHAaeT OTpHIJ.aTeJIhHblH CMblCJI CJIOSY HJIH o;e

JIOMY rrpe,o;JIO)KeHHlO. (Xopowuu - lU XopOWUU, a nJWXou. Bttepa " fte 6blJl 6 meampe.)

3aAaH Bonpoe K Ka>KAOMY a63a4Y TeKeTa B paMKe. CoeTaBb nnaH yeTHoro paeeKa3a 0 enY>Ke6HblX '"taeTJIx pe'"tJ.1.

213 . npOAOn>KH PAA OAHoKopeHHbix enOB, 3anHWH HX B eTon6HKH no '"taeTfIM pe'"tH • • BblAenJ.1 KopeHb, nOA'"tepKHH '"tepeAyt01..LV1eCA cornaeHble a KopHe . • CocTaab H 3anHWJ.1 ABa npeAllO>t<eHHA e nt06blMJ.1 H3 OAHOKOpeHHblX enOB. B OAHOM

H3 HHX ynoTpe611 maron C ... aCTH4eH He, B APyroM - npHIlaraTenbHoe HnJ.1 eyw.eCTBHTenbHoe C '"taCTH4eH He H npOTHBonoeTaBneHH

eM C eOt030M a. npUJlaraTeJILHhIe

cJlYlKe6HbIe rJlarOJIbl ... cym;ecTBHTeJlbHble

cJlyra

KJIlO'IeBLre CJIona TeMbl:

tIaCTH pel.f.lf

CJIY)Ke6Hble

npe,lJ;JIOI'

COlO3

t l8c THu,a

pOJIb n peqM

,.....

"4. CnOBO B nPEAnO)f(EHHH c

§ 13. CnOBO B CnOBOCO'leTaHHH H npeAnO)l(eHHH

214. npOI..IJ.1TaH J.1 cpaaHH enoaa, cnOBOCO'"leTaHJ.1R H npeAnO>KeHJ.1A . LiTo Ha3blBaeT enoao? A cnOBOCOl..leraHJ.1e? LieM OTnH~aeTCSt npeAnO>KeHJ.1e OT enOBa J.1 cnoaoco'"leTaHHAl • K KaKoMY cron6HKY MO>KHO AaTb 3aAaHHe pacnpOeTpaHJ.1Tb npeAnO>KeHJ.1e, a K KaKoMY - COCTaBHTb npeAno>t<eHlo1el nOl..leMY? 06"bStCHH.

COJIHo;e SlpKoe COJIHIJ.e COJIHD;e CBeTHT.

JIec 38THX. 38TH X

cepblH

COBepmeHHO a8THX

cephIH CHer TaeT cephIH CHer.

21 S. npO'"tIo1TaH OTPblBOK H3 wyrOI..lHOrO CTJ.1XOTBOpeHJ.1St 11. KaMHHcKoro • • LiTo Bbl3blBaeT Y Te6St ynbl6Kyl B KaKHX cnoaOCO'"teraHHAX cnoaa neKCHl..leCKH He CO'"teTatOTCA APyr C APYrOM? A rpaMMarJ.1l..1eCKJ.1? AOKa>KH • • nonpo6YH I1CnpaBHTb 06bStBneHJ.1e, 3anJ.1WJ.1 npaaJ.1nbHblH aapJ.1aHT TeKeTa .

Ha Tpy6e Ha BOAOCTO"HOii 06'bSlBJIeHHe tIHTalO:

4: llpo,o;alOTcSI OqeHh CPOtIHO •••

< ... > BOT ,lJ;JIJI cnpaBoK TeJIecpoH*,.

'ITo6hI BCe 38rrOMHHTb npOtIao,

H H!lY H nOBTOp'"0: . IIPO.naIOTCSI Olleab cpotIao

ABa KOWatIbHX TeJIeq,oHa,

,D;y6 06e!leHHblii (cHaMcKHii), IIonyraii cTapHHHblii (!laMCKHii), HOBblM: CTOJI nOqTH HIlOHCKHH,

30HT 3eJIeHblH, rpaMMoq>oHcKHH,

A BHHay !lJIlI CnpaBOK - nJlIlJll .. •• IIepenYTaJI BCe, XOTb nJI8tIb!

216. Ecm-t Tbl sepHo HcnpasHfI TeKCT 06'bs.SfleHHs. 1013 npeAbl

Ayw,ero ynpa>KHeHHs., TO cpeAH HcnpaSIleHHblX OKa3anHCb H

TaKHe cnOSOC04eTaHHs.:

CTOJI 06e,l1;eHHblH

TeJIeq,OH ,l1;JISI c np8BOK.

• HaHAH S 3TI1X CIlOSOC04eTaHHstX rnaSHoe cnoso (OHO nO","'H

HSieT ce6e APyroe CIlOSO) 101 0603Ha4b ero KpeCTHKOM csepxy (X). • nOCTaSb sonpoc OT rnasHoro CIlosa K 3aSHCHMOMY - TaK YCTa

HaSIlHSaeTCs. CMblCnOl1aSl CSS.3b Me>KAY rnaSHblM 101 3aSHCHMbiM

CIloaOM S CIlOSOC04eTaHHH • • npOCKnOHstH rnasHoe CIlOSO S 1-M H

ao 2-M CIlOBOC04eTaHHH. CneAH 3a «noseAeHHeM» 3aBHCHMoro.

BblAeIll-t OKOH4aHHSI S rnaSHOM H 3asl-tCHMOM CIloaax - TaK Bblpa>K.a

eTCs. rpaMMaTH ... ecKaSi CSS.3b • • CAeIlaH BbISOA: KaK CSs.3blsaeTCR

3asl-tCHMOe CIlOSO C rnasHblM.

217. np0\.lHTaH npeAIlO>KeHHe.

THWHH8 a8pymaeTcSI TOJIbKO 3BOHOM KOM8POB H

BCnJleCKaMH pbl6 . (K.r. IIaycToBcKliii)

• HaHAH OAHOpoAHble I.IneHbt. KaKl-te 3TO OAHOpoAHbte I.IIleHbl?

KaKoH l.IaCTbtO pel.lH OHH sbtpa>KeHbt? • MO>KHO 11101 SblAenl-tTb S

rpynne OAHOPOAHblX I.IIleHOS rnaSHoe H 3aet.1CHMOe cnoeo? C no

MOW,btO l.Iero coeAHHsttOTCS. OAHOpoAHble '"IIleHbl? • KaK Tbl AYMa

eWb, KaKoH CBst3bto - nOA'"IHHHTel1bHoH HIlH CO'"ll-tHHTeIlbHoH - CSR-

3aHbt OAHOpoAHble '"IIleHbl? 060CHYH caoH OTseT.

.....-

~ 218. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT a paMKe, 03arnaSb .

CJIOB8 MorYT CBSl3bIB8TbCSI Mem,Zl;Y C060H nO.lJ:'lHHHTeJlI.BOH

H COllHHHTeJlhBOH CBH3blO.

1. IIpH COllHHHTeJlLHOH CBH3R CJIOB8 p8BHonp8BHbl no

CMblC.ny H rp8MM8TH'IeCKH H Coe,Zl;HHSlIOTCSI HJIK npK nOMo~H

HHTOH8IJ,HH H COlO30B H, a, HO, KJIH , Aa, HJIH TOJIbKO npH no

MO~H HHTOHanHH. 2. IIpH nO,lJ;QHHHTeJlbBoH CBSlaH O,l1;BO C.nOBO 38BHCHT OT

,l1;pyroro no CMbICJIY H rp8MMaTHtIeCKH. -

KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, Ha OCHOBe KaKOH CSS.3H CIlOS - CO'"lHHH

TeIlbHOH HIlH nOA'"IHHHTel1bHoH - CTpOHTCS. CIlOaOCO'"leTaHHe?

060CHYH CBOH OTseT.

~ 219. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT S paMKe. npasHIlbHo IlH Tbl OTseTHIl Ha

Bonpoc 0 CBR3H CIloa B CIlOBOCO'"leTaHHH? CpasHH csoJ;; OTseT C TeK

CTOM •

CJJOBOCOlleTaHHeM H83hIB8eTCSI COtIeT8BMe C.nOB B8 OCBOBe

nO,l1;tIHHHTe.nbHoH CBSlaM. CJIOBO, KOTopoe nO,l1;tIHHSIeT ce6e ,n;py

roe, H83b1BaeTCSI rJlaBHhlM. CJIOBO, KOTopoe IIO,ll;tIHHSleTCSI

rJIaBHOMY CJIOBY, H83hIB8eTCSI aaBHCHMLIM. 38BHCHMoe CJIOBO

CBH3b1B8eTCSI C rJI8BHLIM no CMbICJIY H rpaMM8THtIeCKH. KAKOit?

'II I t 3BOnO lWJt01COJtbH l bLii~ C .noBOCOtIeT8HHSI ynoTpe6JISIIOTCSI B npe,l1;JlOmeHHH.

KaK yCTaHasIl~BaeTCs. CMbICIlOSas. 101 rpaMMaTH'"IeCKas. CBR3b

Me>KAY rnaSHblM ~ 3aSHCHMbiM CIlOSOM S CIlosoco4eTaHHH?

npHBeAH npHMepbl .

jj)

220. KaKHe CO'"leTaHHR CIlOS nOCTpoeHbl Ha OCHose CO'"lHHH

TeIlbHoH CSSl3H, a KaKHe - Ha OCHose nOA'"IHH~TeIlbHoJ;;? B CIlO

BOCOl.leTaHHs.x 0603Ha'"lb rna SHoe 101 3aSHCHMoe CIlOSO, YCTaHO-

8101 CMbtCIloaytO 101 rpaMMaTH'"IeCKYto CSS.3b.

•

.~

CHemHhIe 6a6hI; ,l(eTH H B3pOCJIhIe; Hrp8 a~emKH; cnopTHBHhIe KOHLKH; JlhImH C 60THHK8MH; cBemal('lhlGtiia.f'.Q

KaToK~ ,ll;OOp?,-"'c8.HKH, CHeI'OK8ThI .

• It{cnonb3YSl AaHHbie CO'"leTaHHR cnOB, COCTaBb YCTHbla:1 paccKa3

Ha TeMY «3J.1MHHe 3a6aBbl» .

221. npOY"Tai< cnOBa . • COCTaBb "3 H"X npeAnOlKeH"R . • KaKOBbl OCHOBHble npJ.13HaKH npeAllO>t<.eHJ.1S1? • 3anHWJ.1 "peA

no>t<.eHHR. KaKHe 3HaKH npenJ.1HaHHR HY>KHO nOCTaBJ.1Tb B KOH

Ll,e npeAllO>KeHJ.1a:1? KaKYto POl1b OHIo1 HrpatoT B npeATIO>t<.eHHH?

JIeC OKYTaTL TyM8a JIytIH COJIHne npo6HBaTLCSI CKB03L

TYMaH OCTopomHhIR Me,lJ;BeAHn8 BhIHTH C TpH MeABem8T8

Ha npory JIKa

222. npO'"lIo1Taa:1 TeKCT • • CKonbKO nplo13HaKoB npeAll0>t<.eHIo1f1

AaHO B TeKcTe? CKonbKO BIo1AOB npeA110>KeHHa:1 BbiAenSleTcR?

lieM OTnlo1'"1aeTCSI cnOBOCOLteTaHlo1e OT npeATIO>KeHIo1S1? liTO Ha-

3blBaeTCR CHHTaKCHCOM? • nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, Io1cnonb3YfI CBOIo1

npHMepbl.

Dpe,ll.J]omeBHe - aTO CJIOBO lIJIH CO'tleTaHHe CJIOB, KOTophIe

CO,ll;ep.m8T C006m;eHHe 0 QeM-JIH60, Borrpoc lIJIH no6ymAellHe.

OCHOBY npeAJIOmeHHSI COCT8BJISllOT nO,ll;JIemam;ee 11 cKaaye

Moe, KOTophIe H83bIBaIOTCSI rJI8BBblMH 'tfJIeHaMH.

IIOAJIema.ru;ee H cKaayeMoe CBSl3aBbl MemAY C060H rpaMM8-

TH'tfeCKH, n03TOMY OCBOBY H83hIBaIOT rp8MM8THlIecKoH.

IIpe,lVlomeHHe 06JIa,l\aeT CMhICJIOBOH H CTPYKTYPHOH ~eJIOCTHOCTLIO.

TIpe,n;JIO)KeHHe B OTJIH'tflie OT CJIOBOCOll:eT8.HHSI HBTOBa~HOB

HO o<jJopMJIeHo. rpacpHtleCKH rpaHH1I,hI rrpeAJIO)KeHHSI OTMe'tfaIOTCSi 6oJIbIDOH

6yKBOH B HallaJIe H 3H8KOM npenHH8.HHSi B ROHU;e. BLl60p 3Ha

R8 npenHHaH:HSi 3B.BHCRT OT n;eJIH BblCKa3bIBaHHH Ii aMonHO

H8JIbHOH OKpaCKH .

......

B nOBeCTBOB8TeJILHOM npe,lVlOmeHHl'J: co06m;aeTCSI 0 K8.KOM

JJH60 C06hITHH, cp8KTe. HacmynuAa KOttb. 3a6bLJI, 6emep. BonpOCHTeJILHlIole npeAJIOmeHHSI BbIpa.ma.IOT Bonpoc. q mo

:JICe mbL. MOR cmapYUL1<a. npUYMOJL"JLa Y o""a? (A.C. IIymKHH) . B no6Y,ll;HTeJIbHblX rrpeAJIOmeHHSlX BbIPruKa.IOTCH pa3JIH'1-

Hble no6Y)K,l1;eRHSI K AeHCTBHIO - npHKa3, npocL6a, npH3bIB H

lIP . [[ouiJeM c"opeu! ITo 3MOIJ;HOHaJlbHOH OKp8CKe npeAJIO)KeHHR 6hlBalOT Henoc

KJIHu;aTeJILHLlMH H BOCKJIH~aTeJILHLIMH . If eJLbLU 8enb ULeJL iJO:JICiJb. Ka"llJL Y:JICacltllJL ceeoiJ/I.JL nozoiJa!

~ CJIOBOCO'leTaHHe OT.JIHqaeTCSI OT rrpe,n;JIOmeHHSI:

1) OHO H83blB8eT npe,n;MeT, ,n;eHcTBHe, npH3HaK, 8 He co06-

m;aeT 0 HHX;

2) COCTOHT H3 ,n;ByX rpSMMaTHtIeCKlI CBSl3aHHhIX CJIOB, a

npe,ll;JIOmeHHe MomeT COCTOHTL H H3 OAHoro CJIOBa, H 113 He

CKOJILKI1X;

3) HCnOJIL3yeTcH B petIB TOJIhKO B COCTaBe npe,n;JIOmeHHSI;

4) He HMeeT co6CTBeHHOH HHTOHan;HH.

CHHTaKCHC - aTO 3aKoHhI nOCTpoeHHH CJIOBOCO'tfeT8BHH,

I npeAJIOmeHHH H TeKCTOB, a T8Kme HaYK8, B3yqalOm;8S1 aTB

3aKORbl.

223. nOAroToBbcR Bblpa3HTenbHo npO'"lHTaTb TeKCT. liTo nOMOr-

110 Te6e Bbl6paTb HHTOHaLl,Hto? npO'"lHTaa:1 nOBeCTBOBaTenbHble BOC

KI1HLl,aTel1bHble H nOBeCTBOBaTel1bHble HeBOCKI1HLl,aTel1bHble npeAllO

>KeHHR; BOnpOCHTel1bHble HeaOCKl1HLl,aTel1bHble H BonpOCHTenbHble

BOCKI1HLl,aTenbHble npeATIO>KeHHSI. KaKHe oc06eHHOCTH HHTOHaLl,HH

Tbl Ha6ntoAan?

• •• Ho tITO aTO? BeTep BHe3anHO HB..JIeTeJl H npOMtIB..JICR, B03-

IIYX IIPorHYJI KPyroM. y", He rpOM JI,,?I BhI BhIXOII"Te ,,3 OBpara • •• "t{TO 3a CBHHI.I;OBaH nOJloca Ra He60CKJlOHe? 3HOR JlH ry

CTeeT? Ty'ia JI" H~B"raeTCB? Ho BOT cJIa60 cBepKHYJIa MOJIHHH ... S, ,l1;a aTO rp03a! Tyq:a paCTeT. Bce B,l1;pyr nOTeMReJlO •••

CKopeHI BOR BH,l1;HeeTCSI ceRRoR capaH. BhI ,o;06em8JIH, BO

IDJlH . .. KaRoH ,l(Om,l(HK?! K aKoBa MOJlHHSI?! _ ~ ~ (Ila H.C .... T~ne8Y «3anUCKU aXOmH.U1,a~)

I 7 I .~~ I \ \ \ / . » / " 1= .. \ \

ITo u;eJDl BhlCK83hlBaHHB npeAJIOmeHHSI ,n;eJIHTCSI aa rrOBe

CTBOB8TeJILHble, BonpOCHTeJIbHLle, n06YAHTeJIbHble.

\ \

224. npo"'''-1Tai1 TeKel, nOCTaSb B KOH14e Ka>KAOrO npeAflo>KeHH~ HY>KHbIH 3HaK 3aBepweHH~ • • CnHwH, o603Ha ... afl rpaHHlJ,bl

npeAllO>KeHJ.1i:1 3HaKaMIo1 3asepweHHSI H BCTaBll f1S1 nponyw.eHHble

6YKBbl • • nOA'-IepKHH B npeAIl0>KeHHflX rpaMMantyecKYto OCHOSy.

• HaHAH H BblnHWH 1013 TeKCTa c n OBOCOyeTaHHR npHn. + C;UI. .

IIepB_ B POCC>IH meJIe3H_ 1I0pory> nOCTpOHJIH B 1834 rOilY Ha YpaJI_ HelLJIeKO OT rOPJla HHmHllii TarllJI OHa CJIYmHJIa,l\J!lI nepeBo_ KH rPY30B C 3_Bolla Ha PYIIHIIK~ no qyryHHhIM:! pen_caM ABa n--POB03HKR K_THJI H B_rOBbI

l C Me)1;HOH

py,lJ;OH ~~; coa,n;aTeJUIMH IT.J)OB030B 6hlJIH M_CTepa 'l.{epenaHOBbl OHH a a3hIBaJIH eB_1i M _ mHHhI cyxonYTHbIMH n_p oxo,naMH

l

eJlDBD .nyoBoa. nO_BBJIOCb B PYCCKOM .H3bIKe n03me. (II 0 B.M. CO.JWBbiiny)

cnOBO

KJlJO'IeOble CJJOB8 TeMbJ:

npe.n;JlOmeH ae CJIOBOCOT.{eT8BUe CHBT8KCHC

§ 24. CnoBo KaK "neK npeAnolKeKKII. rnaBHble "neHbl npeAnolKeHKII

115. npOI.!Io1TaH TeKeT. no KaKHM npH3HaKaM Tbl Hai1Aewb B npeAfl0>KeHIo1AX rnaBHble "4neHbl? HaHAH HX 101 BblnHWH . • MO->KHO nH TonbKO no rnaSHblM "4neHaM npeAJ10>KeHHA CYAHTb 0

CMblcne npeAflO>KeHHA? AOKa>KH.

B paaHeM lIeTCTBe BopHC mHTKOB IIPymHJI C KopHeeM '1YKOBCKHM . BYAYIIl;He nHCaTeJlH ytIH JIHCb B OAROM H TOM me KJIaCce OlleccKoii 2-ii rIlMHa3I1H . Ore~ BopHca mHTKosa ni>enOA8.BM M aTeMaTHKY, 6paTbSl oTII;a nJIaB8JlH aa BoeaHblX KO

pa6JIHX. BoT OT HHX-TO Ii n epemJIa K n JIeMSlHHHK Y CTpaCTHaSl

JII060Bb K MOPIO, K ,ll.Mb HHM nYTemeCTBHSlM. B OPHC OTJIHQHO

H3YtIHJI MopCKoe AeJIO, a CTpOHoMIIIO H 6oTaH H KY , CBo60,n;HO

3HM <ppaBII;Y3CKHH H3bIK, HrpM Ha CKpHIIKe, JI106HJI n033HIO. ( II 0 B.JI. Pa3YM"eBU~)

• HaHAH B nepsoM npeA110>KeHHH BTopocTeneHHble "4neHbl. KaK Tbl HX Hawen? • CTpenKaMH 0603Ha"4b CBA3b BTopocTeneHHblx

1"

, I

r

npeAflO>KeHHH C rnaBHblMH • • MO>KeT 11101 cy~ecTBoBaTb npeAflo>KeHHe 6e3 rnaBHblX "4l1eHOB npeAJlO>KeHHA? A 6e3 BTOpocTe_ neHHblx? nO"4eMY? 06bACHH • • KaK Ha3blBalOTCA npeAl10>KeHHA, COCTOAL1V1e TonbKO 1013 rnaSHblX "4neHoa? A 1013 rnaBHblX 101 aTopOCTeneHHblX? ECTb nH TaKHe npeAllO>KeHIo1A a TeKCTe? COCTaSb cxeMY OAHoro 1013 HHX • • KaK Ha3blaaeTCA npeAl10>KeHlo1e, a KOTOPOM TOl1bKO OAHa rpaMMaTH"4eCKaA oCHosa? ABe H 6011bwe rpaMMant"4eCKHX oCHoabl? • Ha~101 B TeKCTe npeAllO>KeHlo1e, COCTOA~ee 1013 HeCKOl1bKIo1X rpaMMaTH"4eCKIo1X OCHoa . COCTaab ero cxeMY .

226. CocTaBb TeKCT «Cll0BO KaK "4neH npeAl10>KeHHA» , OTBe-"IaA Ha Cl1eAYIOL1V1e aonpOCbl. AononHH TeKeT C&OHMH npHMe- ,.~ ~~. 1-

1. Ha KaKHe Aae rpynnbl AemJTCA "4neHbl npeAflO>KeHHSI? 2. KaKHe "IneHbl npeA110>KeHHA COCTaamllOT rpaM¥aTH"4ecKYIO

OCHOSY? 3. KaKHe npeA110>KeHIo1A Ha3blaalOTCA HepacnpocTpaHeHHblMH?

PacnpocTpaHeHHblMH? KaKosa POl1b sTopoeTeneHHblx "4l1eHOB a npeA110>KeHHH?

227. npOI.JHTaH TeKel. BblnHWH 1013 Hero nOAfle>KaUV1e 101 cKa3yeMble. Ha KaKHe Bonpocbl OHH OTSel.JaIOT? KaKHMH l.JaCTAMH pe"lH Sblpa>KeHbl?

HaKOHe~ Ha'laJIaCb pa3r pY3Ka' . CYIIHO '~Ba IIPyr at OTTlIaYJIOCb a a c ep e AHay IIopTa. jK,ll.aJIH Be Tpa. COJIHII;e 3amJIO,

a mapa Be c n8A 8 JI8 . M8TPOChI CTOHJIH Y 60PT8 II KYPHJUL

B DOPTY 3aJKrJIHCb oroHbKH, H K paCHhIM rJIaaOM BCllhIXHYJI aa

p eR,ll.e M a SK 1. Kpac aOH 3Me tH i H3BHBaJIOCb ero OTpameHHe

B BOAe.

(Ilo B.C. )KumICo8Y (fMopCICue ucmopuu»)

• HaHAH HepacnpoeTpaHeHHble H paenpocTpaHeHHble npeAl1o>KeHHA • • CocTasb cxeMY OAHoro 1013 pacnpOCTpaHeHHblX npeA11o>KeHHH . • HaHAH CnO>KHble npeAl10>KeHIo1A H eOCTaSb HX exeMbl . • HaHAH npeA110>KeHHe, rpaMMaTHl.JeeKaA OCHosa KOToporo BKI1IO"4aeT TonbKO cKa3yeMoe. npO"lHTaH HHcpopMaLV11O S paMKe. KaK Ha3blsalOTCA TaKHe npep,nO>KeHHst?

qJIeB.bl npe,n;JIO)KeHHSI ,l1;eJIJlTCJI 88 ABe I'pynObl: I'JlaBHble Ii

BTopOCTeneHHLle. llo,a;JIemam;ee H cKaayeMoe - I'JI8SHbIe t.IJIeHbI ope,ll;JIome

HUS!. OHH COCT8BJUJlOT era rpaMM8THQeCKYlO DeBoay.

'lIJIeSbI rrpe,lJ;JIOmeHHSI, He BXO,l1;Hlll;He B rpaMM8THt.IeCKYIO

oeHOBY, SlBJISlIOTCH BTopOCTeneHHIdMH.

IIpeAJIOmesHe. COCTOHm;ee TOJIbKO 1'13 rpaMM8TIiI'tJeCKOH

OCHOBhI, H83blBaeTCSI HepacnpOCTpaHeHHblM, a HMelOm;ee B

eBOeM COCT8Be em;e H BTopOCTerreHHble qJIeHhl - pacnpOCTpa

uelUlldM.

IIpeAJIomeHliIH, I'PElMM8TWIecK8H OCHOBa KOTOPblX BKJIIO'la

eT no,zVlema.m;ee H cKaayeMoe, HaablBaIOTCH ~ycOC'IaBIIhlMH. IIpe,lJ,JIomeHHH, rpaMMaTH'tleCK8H OCHOBa KOTOPblX BKJIlOtla

eT JIH60 TOJIbKO nO,lJ;JIemaIIJ;ee, JIH60 TOJIbKO cKaayeMoe, Ha3b1-

BalOTCSI O,ll;HOCOCTSBHIdMH.

228. npO .... HTaH npeA/10>KeHHSI. KaK OHH Ha3blsafOTcSI? • np-eo6-

pa3YH 3TH npeAnO>KeHHSI S pacnpOCTpaHeHHble, 3anHWI-t HX .

• nOA'"IepKHH rnaSHble '-IneHbl npeAI10>KeHHSI. nOCTaBb BonpOCbl 101

rpacp\o1'"1eCKH nOKa>KH CBSl3H BTopOCTeneHHblX '"IneHOB npeAJ1S>KeHHSI

C rnaBHbIMH.

HacTynaeT Be'lep. ,ll;yeT BeTep. IIIYMHT JIec. TYM8H.

• 1113 nonY4HBWHXCSI npOCTblX npeAllO>KeHHH COCTaBb CnO>KHble,

3anHWH HX • • COCTaBb cxeMbl CnO>KHblX npeAllO>KeHHH.

229. npO'"tHTat:1 H nepeCKa>KH TeKCT • • BblnHWH TpH npo

CTblX npeAJ10>KeHIo1S1 , nOA4epKH~ B HIo1X rpaMMaTH4eCKHe OCHo

Bbl. CTpenKaMH nOKa>KH CSSl3b BTopOCTeneHHblX '"IneHOS C

rnaBHblMH. )

rJI8BHbIH repOH onephl M.H. rJIHHKR .mR3Hb 3a ~apH . -

KOCTPOMCKOH KpeCTbSlHHH HB8.H CYC8HHH. U;eHOH CBoeH mR3-

HH OH cnacaeT aT BepaOH CMepTH u;apa MHx8HJIa.

122

r I .

.. MOJIo)J.OM-y rOCYAaplO yrpomae-r onaCHOCTb. O.o;HH H3 nOJIbCRUX OTPSl,ll;OB MomeT a8XS8THTb H y6HTb e ro.

CTOHT aRM8. ilOJIHKH nOHHMaJQT, tITO 6e3 npOBomSToro ORR

HHKoro He H8HAYT. eRJIOR Ii yrp038.MH OBH a8CT8.BJUIIOT HBaHa CYC8HHH8 npOBO,lJ;HTb HX K n;aplO. 08 COI'JIamaeTCSI, BO

npHBOAHT2

IIOJISIKOB He K n;apID, a B Henpoxo,n;HMYIO JIeCHYlO

'1aIl1Y ' · (flo BM. COJlOa.e8Y . Hawa POCCUJl.)

• HaHAIo1 S TeKCTe 101 Bbln~w~ npeAllO>KeH Io1S1 C OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1 '"Ine

HaM~. rpacpH4eCKI1 0603Ha'"tb OAHOpOAHble 4neHbi npep,nO>KeHI1S1.

• Bblm-tW J.1 rnaronbi C 1-t3SeCTHblMH Te6e opcporpaMMaMH. 060-3 Ha4b opcporpaMMbl.

KJIlOlJeBhle CJIOB8 TeMhl:

'tIJleH npe,lJ;Jlo.meHlIH p8cnpocTpaHeHHble u

nO,lJ;JIe>K8~ee Ii cK83yeMoe

rp8MMaTItt{e~K8jJ qCHOB8 Hep8cnpOCTpaHeHBhle

,lJ;BYCOCT8BHhle H

OAHOCOCT8BHbIe

npe,lJ;.lIO)f(eHHH

§ 25. BTopocTeneHHble '1neHbl npeAnOlKeHHII

OnpeAeneHHe

230. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT. ECTb nH B HeM onHcaHHe KaKHx-nH60

npeAMeTOB? KaKOH 3TO THn TeKCTa? • KaKHe cnOBa nOMoralOT

onHcaTb pa3Hbie SlrOAbl? • BblnHWH HX co cnOBaMM, K KOTOPblM

OHI-t OTHOCSlTCSI.

ETO HHKorA8 He BH,lJ;eJI, KaK paCTeT KJIIOKB8, TOT MomeT

AOJlI'O HATH no 60JIOTy H He 3a.MeQ8Tb, 'lTO OB no KJIIOKBe 1:I,lJ;EIT.

BOT B3HTb SlrOAY qepHHKy - T8 paCTeT, 1:1 ee BR,lJ;Hmb. CTe6e

JIeqeK TOHeHbKHH THHeTCH BBepx, no cTe6eJlbKY B p8aHbIe

.. CTOPOHbI aeJIeHble M8JIeHbKHe JIHCTHKH, 1:1 Y JIHCTHKOB C1:l,zVIT

MeJIKHM ropowKOM qepHHtlHHKH, qepHble SlrO,lJ;bI C CHaHM

nYWKOM. TaR me 6pYCHHKa: KpOBaBO-KpaCHaH srO,lJ;a C TeMHO

aeJIeHbIMH JIHCTJlK8MH.

Onpe,JJ;eJIeUHe - 3TO BTOpOCTeneHHbIH 't{JIeU npe,JJ;JIO>KeHHSI,

KOTOPbr:H o603HsQaeT npH3HaK npe,AMeT8 H OTBeqaeT aa Bonpa

ChI K8.KOH!8~:n? ~ ,Ap.

l!P~'\"~!!!: lee oaun ~epneem. (A.C. IIymKBB) Orrpe,AeJIeUHe npHcoe,n;HHSIeTCS:I K 't{JIeU8M npe,ltJIOmeHHSI,

BbipalKeHHblM IIMeHeM CYll1eCTBIITeJIbHblM. Onpe,AeJJeSBH 06bI'tJSO 6WB8lOT BbJpSmeUbl RMeuaMH npH

JJar8TeJJhHblMB. OHH TaKme MOryT 6bITb BblpsmeUbl HMeHaMH

cym;ecTBHTeJIbHbIMH.

IIpll paa60pe IIpeI\JIOlKeHHH onpel\eJIeallH nOl\'IepKlffiaJOTCH BOJIHHCTOH JIHHHeii.!. ____________________________________ __

231 . np04HTaH TeKCT. KaKoH 3TO nm TeKcTa? B KaKoM cnme OH HamtCaH? • HakAJ1 onpeAeneHHfI . no KaKJ1M npH3HaKaM Tbl HX 6yAeWb HCKaTb? BblnHWH onpeAeneHl-tfl co cnOBaMH, K KOTOPblM OHH npHcoeAHHsnOTCSI . KaKHMH 4aCTSlMH pe4H Bblpa>KeHbl onpeAenet:tHH?

• rpaq:,H4eCKH 0603Ha"lb CBHK~'KQirp;AeneHHH.

06pa3eu 3amtCH : 1013 mt"nOBoH pbU4H. 'VVVVv

,l1;opomKs BblBeJI8 Hac H3 JIHIIOBOH pOm;H, - MhI BOUIJJH B

oropo,JJ;. Mem,n;y CTSPbIMH .a:6JIOHHMH H 60JlhmHMH KYCTaMH

KpbImOBUHKS neCTpeJIH KpyrJIhle 6JIe,n;HO-3eJIeahle ROllSHhI

KanYCThI , XMeJIh BHHTaMH 06BHB8JI BbICOKHe ThI1fHHKH, TecHO

TOpttaJIH a8 rpSl)l;K8X 6YP-hIe npYTbH, 60JIbmHe llJIOCKHe ThIK

BhI CJIOBHO BaJIHJIHCb ua 3eMJIe, orypn;hI meJITeJIH H3-no,n;

nhIJIhUhIX yrJIOBSTblX JIHCTheB, B,n;OJIb nJIeTHH Ka'tJ8JIaCb BhICO

KaS! KpanHBS.

(lIo H.C. TypzeH.eey ({3anuclCu oxamH.ulCa»)

• npO"lHTaH TeKCT 6e3 onpeAeneHHH. YeM 3TOT TeKCT OTnJ.14aeTCSI OT aBTopCKoro? KaKYIO ponb B C03AaHHH TeKCTa HrpalOT onpeAeneHHSI?

- ' 232. np04HTaH npeAll0>KeHHfI. PacnpocTpaHH HX C nOMOUJ,blO onpeAeneHHH • • HanHwH npeAJl0>KeHHH. nOA"IepKHH onpeAeneHHH BonHHcToM nHHHeM • • rpaq:,H"IeCKH 0603Ha"lb CBH3b onpeAeneHHM C APyrHMH "IneHaMH npeAJl0>KeHHH.

.,....

"

TISPKH CT_HJIH B 30JI_Te. BeT_p Hec oxa_KH JIHCT eB H

YCTHJIaJI HMH aJIJIeH. Ha npy.ztY BeT-P qy_CTBOBaJICSI CHJI- Bee. Or ero DOPblBOB DO BJle 6_JKaJIa pH6h. -

• OnpeAenH, HBnfleTCSI nl-! HanHcaHHblM orpblBOK TeKCTOM.

233. np04HTaH 3araAKH. Pa3raAaM HX • • KaKHe cnOBa nOMornH Te6e pa3raAaTb 3araAKY?

1. BHCHT H8 TOHKOM npYTHKe

KOPOHhl KOpOJIeH.

2. MaiicKHe .meMqymHHKH

Ha HHTo't{Ke .ll;pOmaT.

3. Ha aeJIeHOH TOHKOH HomKe

BHCHT 6eJIbIe cepemKH.

4. BeJIbie 6y6eHQHKH nOI\ l\epeBOM pacTYT.

5. ,u;ymHcTbIe ropOIDHHKH

He cTe6eJIbKe BHCSlT.

• HanHWH He60nbwoe onHcaHHe 4BeTKa, 0 KOTOPOM rOBopHnOCb 8 3araAKax . • l-1cnonb3YH onpeAeneHHfI 1013 3araAoK • • B CBOeM TeKCTe nOA4epKHH onpeAeneHHSI H rpacpH4eCKH nOKa>KH HX CBSl3b C APyrHMH 4neHaMH npeAllO>KeHHH.

234. CnHwH npep,no>+<eHH", BCTaBn"" nponYll4eHHb,e 6YKBb'. ~~~] • nOA4epKHH rpaMMaTH4eCKHe OCHOBbl (BcnoMHH, Ha KaKHe ' BonpOCbl OTBe4alOT cKa3yeMble) • • Hai:1AH 101 nOA4epKHH onpeAeneHl-!S1, rpaq:,H4ecKH nOKa>KH HX cHHTaKcH"IecKYIO CBSl3b.

1. m_JI-6b1JI CJIaBHblH l1aph ,ll;8I\oa.' 2. B CIlHeM He6e aBeaI\hI 6JIeIl1YT. 3. BeTep aa M.J)e ryJIHeT II K.J)a6JIIIK nOl\r_aHeT. OH 6_JKIIT ce6e B BOJIHax Ha paal\YTblX n.J)Ycax. 4. BeJIRa

. neceaKIl n _eT II opewKH Bce rpblaeT. 5. BOT OI\HalKl\b1 ' l1aph ,ll;8I\0H cTpawabiM rnYMOM Dp _ 6YJKl\eH.

(AG. IIyu",uI<)

KmoqeBhle CJlOBa TeMhI:

BTOpOCTeneHHbI:K l.J.JleU rrpe.lVIOmeBHfl

onpe,neJIeHHe

HMSI npHJIaraTeJIbHOe

OTIl-JC8Hlle

AononH@HH@

235. np04HTaH TeKCT. HaHAJ.1 maBHble l.IneHbl npeAllO>KeHHst H onpeAeneHHst • • KaKHe l.IneHbl npeAllO>KeHJ.1st OTBel.latoT Ha Bonpocbl KOCBeHHblX naAe>KeH? • BblnHwH HX co cnoaaMH, K KOTOPblM OHH npHcoeAHHsttoTCst . • KaKJ.1MH l.IaCTstMH pel.lH OHH

Bblpa>KeHbl? 'II:!!"? ~ i X

06pa3eu 3am-tCJ.1: !Y~li.a~.!::! 3aTstHyno.

Mbl 6 PO,ll;HJIlf H Ha6JIIO,lI;aJIB JKH3Hb ,lI;YUJIHHblX nTHu.: ,lI;HT

JIOB, COB. B,lI;pyr MbI YCJIblm8.Jlli 3BYK UHJIhl. To 6bJJI8 3arOTOB

Ka ,lI;POB H3 CYXOCToHHoro JIeca ,lI;JIH CTeKJIHHHOrO 38BO,ll;8. Mbl

n060HJlHCb 38 Hallie ,lJ.epeBO, nOCn emHJIH, HO on03,l1;aJIH.

Hama OCHHa JIemaJI8, H PH,lJ.OM JIemMO MHom.eCTBO nYCTblX

eJIOBbIX llIHllIeK. illnllKH llIeJIymnJl 3HMO:fi ,lI;HTeJI, C06HP8JI ,

BOCHJI Ha OCHHKY, 3aKJIa,nblBaJI H ,lI;OJI6HJI AepeBO. (IIo M.M. ITpuw8uny «30Jlomou. AYZ))

• KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nOl.leMY 3TOT BTopOCTeneHHblH l.IneH npeAnO>KeHHst nony4Hn Ha3aaHHe AononHeHHe?

• nOA6epH OAHOKopeHHble cnOBa K cnoay AononHeHHe .

,lI;olIOJIHelllIe - aTO BTopOCTeneHHbIH ttJIeH npe,ll;JIOmeHHSI,

KOTOPhiH OTBeqaeT sa BonpOChi KOCBeHHblX na,n;emeH. x 'lTO?

H tturhalO ICH.uly" . AOnOJIHeHHe 06bITIHO npMcoe,nBHHeTCH K ttJIeH8M npe,ll;JIO

meHllH, BblpameSHblM rJIarOJIOM.

AOTIOJIHeHMe Bblp8m8eTCH HMeHeM cym;ecTBHTeJIbHbIM liJlH

MeCTOHMeHHeM. IIpH pa360pe npe,ll;JIOmeHHH ,lI;OnOJIHeHHe nO,ll;l.J.ePRHBaeTCSl

nYSRTJ.!-p_HOR lIHHHeR.

.,..-

I

236. npOI.IHTaH H nepeCKa>K1-f TeKCT. HaHAH B Ka)t(AOM npeAIlo>KeHHH rpaMMaTHl.lecKYto OCHOBY . • HaHAH H nOAl.lepKHH AononHeHHR. KaKYto ponb OHH HrpatoT B C03AaHHH npeAIlO>KeHHH? A TeKCTa? • CnHWH, BCTaBnstst nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. nOAl.lepKHH AononHeHHst nYHKTHpHOH nHHHeH . • r paq,Hl.leCKH nOKa>K}1 CHHTaKCHl.leCKYto CBst3b AononHeHHH.

TPM ThlC)rQM JleT H_ 3a,l1 B <lJlJla,lle* IlpeBHMe rpeKM npOB JIM nepBywORHMnMa/lY. -

OJIJIHHbl n; HBJIH KP_COTY II 3,l1;_pOB_e. OHM YCTpaHB8JIH

Cj)eBHOBaaHH aTJIeTOB Bceit: CTp_HLI. CH_ '1aJIa aTJIeThI COCTH-

38JIHCb TOJI_ KO B 6ere Ha O,ll;HH CTa,n;KH, TO eCTb Ha 192 MeTpa

27 C8HTHMeTpoB. OT H_3B3HHSI aTOM nepBoH ,lJ;HCT8HD;HH np_H-

30mJIO CJIOBO CT8,lJ;HOH.

• npOAOn>K"" TeKCT 2-3 OnHMnHaAax.

(II 0 B.B. BOJlUnoit) npeAnO>KeHH~MH 0 cOBpeMeHHblx

CQCTga8HHe ,lU!CTauD;HH •

CTM!!OH • 1!TJIeT

237. CnHwH TeKCT, BCTaBnstst nponyw,eHHble AonOnHeHJ.1st. nOAl.IepKHH HX nYHKTHpHOH nHHHei:1 • • rpaq,Hl.leCKH nOKa>KH CHHTaKCJ.1-l.IeCKYto CBR3b AononHeHHH .

CTaphIH Me,ll;BemaTHHK CM.u;eJI Ha 38B8JIHHKe II IIRJIlfKaJI Ha

.. .. OR OqeHb JlI06HJl ... II CTap aJIC.R caM HayqHTbcH HrpaTb.

IIJloxo Y Hero BbIXO,ll;HJlO, HO CTapHK II TaR 6b!JT ,n;OBOJleH •

M HMO npOXO,ll;HJI 3HaKOMblH II rOBopHT ••• :

- B:QOCb-Ka Tbl CBOIO . .. , 6epHCb 38 •••• 51 CeHQaC ... BH,lI;eJI

B JIecy.

CTapKK OTJIOmliJI . .. , paCCnpOCH.1I ... , I',lI;e D,H BH,lI;eJI ••••

BaRJI ... If nomeJl B JIec. B JIecy CTapHK ,lI;OJII'O HCK8JI ... , HO He

HallIeJI.

¥CT8JI CTapHK H npHCeJI aa neBeR OT,lI;OXHYTb .

• JlerKo mt Te6e 6blno nOHstTb TeKCT 6e3 AononHeHHH? • npOI.IJ.1TaH paccKa3 B.B. DHaHKH «MY3bIKaHT». KaK Tbi AYMaewb, nOl.leMY y Te6st H Y nHcaTenst nonYI.IHnHcb pa3Hbie paccKa3bl?

238. HanHwH He60nbwoH TeKCT-noseCTsosaHHe

no AaHHoMY Ha"lany . 03arnasb TeKCT . Ha"lHH TaK :

OAHa)f(Abl AHeM 51 YIiHAen naCTO'lKY ••• • nOA"IepKHH

AononHeHHSI .

KJJ IO'lIeBbIe CJJOBa TeMbI:

BTopOCTeneHHbJe

lfJleHhl npe,lVJO>KeHIUI

J];onOJIHeHlIe

KOCBeHHble n8,nemn

06CTOIITenbCTBO

239. npol.(HTai1 TeKCT. KaKHe cnosa nOMoralOT 60nee non

HO H TOI.(HO paccKa3aTb 0 C06bITHSlX: 0 BpeMeHH H MeCTe Aei1-

CTSHSI , 0 TOM, KaK COBepwanOCb Aei1cTsHe ? C KaKHMH I.(neHa

MH npeA110>+<eHHSI OHH CSSl3aHbl?

O,n;H aJK,l1;bl B Jl y r ax K O MBe npHCT8Jla JlaCTOliKa. II THqKa

KpymHJI8Cb OK OJIO M eHH, a 8,n;eB8JIa 3 8 llJIeqO, KPH'lI 8 JI8

JK8JIOfiHO H a8cToi1:"IHBO, fiYATO SI Y a ee OTHHJI n TeaD,a H OHa

npOCHJI8 OT,l1;8Tb e ro Ofip8THO.

JI8 CTOQK8 JIeTeJI8 38 MeOH ,l1;OJIro, H B KOHne K oiIIl;OB MBe

CT8JIO He no cefie • ••

,I(e,n; MH1'pHH OTKPhIJI MHe npOCTyro HCTHHY: K Or,l1;a lIeJIOBeK

H.z:teT n o HeKomeHOMY iryry, oa c nyrHB8eT COTHH ,Ry3He~HKoB

H mYKOB, H JIa CTOqKe He Ha,l1;O BhlHCKHB8Th HX B rYCTOH Tpa

Be. OHa JIeT8eT OKOJIO QeJIOBeK8, JIOBHT HX a s JIeTY H KOPM HT

CSI fie3 38 fioThI. ( lIo K .r . l1aycmo6CICO.My «JIacm01LICa») KOI'~a? )(

• BblnHWH 3T).1 cnosa no 06pa34Y : O,l1;HhJK,l1;bl npHtT8.Jla • • Ha -. -. - .... KaK).1e BonpOCbl OTBel.(aeT 3TOT BTopOCTeneHHblH 4J1eH npeAJlo>+<e-

HHSI? • YTOI.(HH no TonKOBOMY CnOBapK> , '-ITO 03Ha'iaeT cn080

06cTosnenbCTIiO. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, nOl.(eMY 3TOT I.(neH npeAJlo>t<e

HHSI nonY'-IHn TaKoe Ha3saHHe?

240. npOl{HTai1 TeKCT B paMKe . B KaKOM CTHne OH HanHcaH?

• 03arnasb ero. Pa3AenH Ha CMblcnOSble 'iaCTH . CpcTasb nnaH .

• KaKYIO HHtPoPMa4HK> He06xoAHMO Ao6asHTb, \.fT06bl TeKCT 6bln

60ne e nonHblM? • n e p ecKa

CTOJlTeJlhCTBO - BTopOCTeneHahIH ~lJIeH npe,n;JIOmeHHSl ,

KOTOPhIH Ofi03Ba"laeT MecTO, BpeMH, 06pa3 ,n;eHCTBHSI H T .,n;. H

OTBeqaeT Ha BonpochI :~J'rAl~? KO~JJ,a1ne~YJJ,a? OTKYAa ? noqeMy?

3alleM? Ii KaK? !!~~P?-_ Mbl ZYA.R..hu !!. ._11:@.!E.e..:. TIo 3Ha-qeHHIO, KOTopoe BhIHCHHeTCSI C nOMOm;blO BonpocOB,

OfiCTOSlTeJIbCTB8 ,lJ,eJIHTCH sa aeCKOJIbKO oceOBBhIX BH,n;OB.

B nRTOM KJI8CCe Mbl n03HaKOMHMCR C TpeMSi BH)(aMH: MeCTa (r)(e? Ky)(a? oTKy)(a?), BpeMeHH (KOr/la? C KaKUX nop? KaK )(OJIro?), 06paaa /leHCTBHlI (KaK?).

'I8.II\e Bcero OOcTOlITeJIbCTBa npHcoel\HHSIlOTCH K cKaayeMOMy. 06cTOSlTeJIbCTB8 06~o BbIpWKBlOTCH aapellHeM H HMeHeM

CYJ:qecTBHTen:bBhlM C npe,IJ,JIOI'OM.

IIpH p8a60pe npe,n;JIO)KeHHSI OfiCTOHTeJIhCTB8 no~epKHB8-IOTCSI nyaKTHpoM C TO"tlKOH.

'1To6bl onpeAenHTb BHA 06CTOSITenbCTBa, nonb3yi:1cSI AByMSI

BonpocaMH: rAe? H B KaKOM MecTe?

KorAa? H B KaKoe speMSI?

KaK? H KaKHM 06pa30M?

241. npol.(HTai1 npeAll0>KeHHSI. Hai:1AH 06CTOSITenbCTBa. no

KaKHM npH3HaKaM Tbl 6YAewb HX HCKaTb? • CnHwH, nOA'-Iep

KHH 06cToSiTenbCTaa . OnpeAenH, ecnH cMo>+<ewb, 4eM Bblpa

>+<eHbl 06CTOstTenbcTsa. YKa)f(H HX 8HA, n011b3YRCb OCHOBHblMH

H AononHHTenbHblMH BonpocaMH .

1. Be_ nepephlBHO rpOM rpeMeJl, H BeTphl B )(e6plIX 6y· rneBaJlH. 2. C pa_CBeTOM rJIae P8..J\8JICH MOH. (K .<l>. PblJIeeB) 3. II r~oM BILJlH rpeMHT pacKaToM. (FLA. ByaHH)

242. npO"lHTaH npeAll0>KeHHSI • • CHa'-lana SblnHWH cnOBOCOLte

TaHHSI C onpeAeneHHSlMH, 3aTeM - C 06cToSiTenbcTBaMIo1. nOAl.(epK

HH 3aSHCHMbie cnOBa . rpacpH4ecKH nOKa>KH CBSl3H cnoa. I

1. CKB03b BOJlHHCThIe TY M 8 HhI np06u p 8 eTcSI JIya8, aa ne

Q8.JlbHhIe nOJIHHhI JIbeT neq8JIbHhIH CBeT OH8. 2. H3 TeMHoro

JIeC8 HaBCTpeqy eMY H,Il,EIT B,n;oxBoBeHHhlH Ky.z:tecHHK*. 3. CH)KY

38 pemeTKOH B TeMHH:Qe ChIpOH. 4. ITo ,l1;opore 3HMHei1: , CKytI-

eKy[rn]HbIH

BOH TPOHK8 60P38H* 6emHT, KOJlOKOJlL'tJ:HK 0,lJ;H03BytlHLIH yTO

MHTeJIbHO I'peMHT.

(A.C. IIyut/cun) • B COapeMeHHOM m1TepaTypHOM ~3blKe cnOBO CKY4HbU1 npOH3-

HOCHTC~ TaK: CKY[W]HbIH. np04HTaH 4eTBePTOe npeAflO>KeHHe. KaK

Tbl AYMaeWb, KaK HY>KHO npOH3HOCHTb 3TO cnOBO, 4HTa~ CTHXOTBO

peHHe A.C. nYWKHHa? nO"eMY?

243. np04HTaH H nepeCKa>KH TeKCT . • HaHAH B TeKCTe BTOpO

CTeneHHble l.IneHbl, npHcoeAHH~IOJ.JJ.Hec~ K cKa3yeMoMY.

MHX8HJI I1.JIJI8pnOHOBHQ KYTY30B n _ CB_THJI CB_1O m_3HL

BoeHHOMY HCKY_TBY. AOJII'He I'OP;LI DB nP_BeJI B n_xo,nax2

OC8-

.o;8X cpameHKHX ,. IDTypM8X. OB Q8CTO P _ CKOB8JI CB_en:

m_3H_IO. Bp8JKeCR8H nyJlH BLI6_JI8 eMy npaBLIH I'JI831

• Ho.H

nOCJIe p_HeHHSI OH BoeBM C npemHeH xp86poCT_IO.

(ITo B.M. CO./108b€BY «(HaUla POCCUAI»

• CnHWH TeKCT, BCTaBb nponYJ.JJ.eHHble 6YKBbl H 3HaKH npenHHa

HH~. nOAl.IepKHJ.-I 06CTO~TenbCTBa H AononHeHH~. CTpenKOH YKa>KH

CB~3b 3THX BTopOCTeneHHblX 4neHOB C rnaBHblMH.

nOCBHTHTb m R3Hb

'tJ:eMY-JlH60, KOMY-JIH60

244. PacnpocTpaHH TeKCT C nOMoJ.JJ.btd 06CTO~TenbCTB • • 3anHwH ero. rpacpH4ecKH o603Ha4b 06CTO

~TenbCTBa. YKa>KH HX CB~3b C APyrHMH l.IneHaMH npeA

nO>KeHH~ • • CpaBHH ero C aBTopCKHM TeKCTOM

A.H. Pbl6aKoBa (CM. Yl.le6HHK no nHTepaType «War 3a ropH30HT»,

KH. 2) . • KaK 6bl Tbl onpeAenHn ponb 06cTo~TenbcTB B TeKcTe?

MHm8 ••• BCT8JI ••• , op;eJICft H BLICK JIL 3H yJI • • •• Y JIHU,8 ,

ID_pOKaft H n y c'raft, AP_ M8JI8, C_ l'pe T8S1 paHHHM yTpeuH HM

cO_Hu,eM. JIHlllb nepeKJI_K8JIHCb ll_ TyXH .0;8 • • • ,lJ;OH_ClIJICH

KameJIb, COHHoe 60PM_ T8HlIe - nepBLIe 3BYKH np_ 6 y m,lJ;eB HH

B np_XJl8,lJ;HOH THmHHe nOROH.

MHIDa >KMYPHJI I'JI_ a8, e>KHJICSl . Ero TSlHYJIO • •• , H O M LICJIL

o poraTKe, KOTOPOH X BaCTaJI •. • PbI>KHH reHRa, 3_CTaBlIJI8 ero

••• BCTP _ XHYTbCB.

245. CnHwH, BCTaBn~~ nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl H 3HaKH npe.

nHHaHH~ • • Ha~ H nOAl.IepKHH 06cTo~TenbcTBa, AonOnHeHJ.1~, onpeAeneHH~. rpacpH4ecKH nOKa>KH HX CHHTaKCHl.IeCKHe

CB~3H .

H MSI MHXaHJI8 B8CHJIbeBH'tJ:a JIOMOHOCOB8 xopo m o 3H8JIH1

n pn ero mH3H _ , 8 ero TPY,lI;LI n_JlytlHJIH Bceo6m;ee np_3H8HHe3.

3aM_lJ8TeJIbBOrO YTI_Horo (ae)UHTep _ COBaJI8 co6CTBeHH8S1

CJI8..Ba OB 3a6oTHJICSI 0 P_ 3BIITHH H n p OD;B_ T8Hl1:H HaYK POCCHH

CKHX . JIOMOHOCOB C03,l1;aJI nep BLIH B P OCClla YHHBepCHTeT B

1755 roAY. 3TOT YHllBepcHTeT H_XOAHJlCH B Moc KBe. · B HeM H

c ei1:Qa c I'_TOBSlT 6y,ll;y~HX Y'l_HLIX H npenO,lLB8TeJIe i1: . B HRlIIH

,lI;HlI 3TD yqe6H oe 3aB-.AesIie SOCUT 11MB CBOel'D OCH_B8TeJIH -

M.B . JIOMoHOCOBa.

KJllOlIeBhle CJlQBa TeMbl:

BTopOCTeneSHLIe qJIeBLI npe,.o;JIOmeHHH

06cTOHTeJlbCTBO

MeCTO, speMH, o6pa3 ,lI;ei1:cTBHH

I YHHBm>cHTeT l

§ 26. Ponlo 3HaKOB npenHHaHHII • nHcloMeHHoH pe'lH. OAHOpoAHIo.e '1neHIo' npeAliolKeHHII. 3HaKH npenHHaHHII • npeAliOlKeHHIIX

C OAHOpOAHIo.MH '1neHaMH

246. T e6e npeACTOHT npOl.lJ.fTaTb TeKCT 0 ponH 3HaKOB npe

nHHaHH~ B nHCbMeHHOH peLtH. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, 0 LteM B HeM

6YAeT paCCKa3bIBaTbC~? • nocne 4TeHH~ conOCTaBb CBOH npeA·

nOnO>KeHH~ C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeKCTa.

3B.MeQaTeJlbHhlH PYCCKHH nHCaTeJlb K.r. naYCTOBCKHH

paCCKa3aJI B CBOeM npOH3Be,ll;eHHH .30JIOTaH pOa8t CJIeAY·

IOU<YIO 6hlJlb. I)orAa K.r. naYCTOBCKHH 6hlJl MOJlOAhlM, OH pa60TaJl B

O,ll;eCce B l'aaeTe tMOPHKt. C 3TOH ra3eTOH B TO me BpeMH CO

TpYAHHQan H nHCaTeJlb A.E. C060Jlb.

Oi\HalRAhl A.E. C060Jlb nPHHeC B peAIlK~HIO* HHTepecHhlH

paCCKa3, 6e3YCJlOBHO, T8JIaHTJIHBLIH, HO He6pemHO ocPoPMJIeH·

HLIH. B TB.KOM BlI.u;e ero HeJIb3Sl 6LIJIO neQ8TaTh.

B3SIJICH nOMOqb K OppeKTOp* l'a3eThI BJIarOB. BclO HOqb OH

TPy.u;HJICSI, a yrPOM nOKa38.JI CBOIO pa60TY. naYCTOBCKHH 6bIJI

H3YMJIeB. B paCCKa3e Bce CTB.JIO SlCHbIM, OT CKOMK8..HHOCTH H

CJIOBecBOI'O pa36po.u;a He OCTB.JIOCb H TeHH, HO, KaK OKa38.JIOCb,

BJIal'OB He BbI6pOCHJI Hli O.u;HOI'O CJIOBa.

qy.u;o 06'bSlCHHJIOCb o't£eHb npOCTO: KoppeKTOp paCCTaBHJI

3HaKH npeIlHH8HHSI.

• KaKOBa oeHOBHaR Mblenb TeKeTa? • AnA t.tero Hy>KHbl 3HaKIo1 npenlo1HaHIo1A B nlo1ebMeHHOH pet.tlo1?

147. npOt.tIo1TaH TeKeT. KaKoBa ero oeHOBHaR Mblenb? noeTaBb

Bonpoebl K Ka>KAOMY a63aL,4Y . nepeCKa>K101 TeKeT.

nYUKTYru::J;HH, KaK H Bc e ,lJ,pyrHe 3HaKH nHCbMeHHOI'O H3h1-

Ka, CJIymHT neJISlM o6w;eHHH Mem.u;y JIIO.u;bMH. npH nOMOn.J;H

3HaKOB npenHHaHHH nHmYW;HH Bblp&maeT onpe.u;eJIeHHbIe

3Ha't£eHHH H OTTeHKH, BKJI8,ll;bIBaeMbIe HM B cBoe nHCbMeHHoe

BbICKa3bIB8HHe. A't£HTaIOIIJ;HH, BH,Il;H IIYUKTYru::J;HOHHhle 3HaKH

B TeKCTe, Ha OCHOBaHHH HX BocnpHHHMaeT BblpWKaeMhIe HMH

3Ha't£eHHH H OTTeaKH.

A T8.K KaK Bce nHm~He BbICTYIIaIOT H B POJIH qHTaIOm;HX,

H , Ha06opoT, Bce qHTaIOIIJ;He - H B POJIH IIHmyIIJ;HX, TO 3H&qe

HHSI 3HaKOB npenHHaHHSI AOJUKHbI 6bITb e,lJ,HHbIMH AJISI Bcex

rpaMOTHbIX JIIO,n;eH, nOJIb3YIOIIJ;HXCH .u;8..BHblM Sl3bIKOM.

BCHKoe npaBHJIO 0 3HaKax npenHH8HHH eCTh KaK 6bI nYHKT

.u;OI'OBOpa MeJKAY IIHmym;HM H 'IHTaIOIIJ;HM.

(llo A.B. illanupo)

3HaRK npeIDfRaHlfSl n OMOl'aIOT n mnyw;eMY BbIpa3HTb CBOIO

MbICJlh, a qHTaIOm;eMY nOHSlTb n ep e)l.aBaeMylO MhICJIh.

1. KaKlo1e 4neHbi npeAllO>KeHHR Ha3blBatOTeA OAHOPOAHbIMIo1!

2. C KaKoH HHToHa~He~ OHH npoH3HoCSlTCSI? 3. PaecMoTplo1 cxeMbl. KaKlo1e t.tneHbi npeAllO>KeHIo1R MoryT 6b!Tb , OAHOPOAHbIMIo1?

[- = 8 .8 .8 ]· [8 . 8 =] [- 9 " G ].

-4. KaK MoryT eoeAHHRTbCR OAHOpOAHble t.tneHbl "peAllO>KeHIo1R? S. B KaKOM cnyt.tae OAHOpoAHble l.fI1eHbl npeAllO>KeHIo1R pa3AenRtoTeR 3anRTOH? CoeTaBb exeMbl. npHBeAH nplo1Mepbl.

248. Te6e npeAeTolo1T npot.tIo1TaTb TeKCT B paMKe . TeMa TeKeTa _

OAHOpoAHbie t.tneHbl npeAflO>KeHIo1R. 0 t.teM, nO- TBoeMY, B HeM Aon>t<Ho rOBopHTbCSI? • nepeA t.tTeHlo1eM eOCTaBb H 3anHWH BonpoCbl, Ha KOTopble Tbl HClAeewbcR nonyt.tHTb OTeeTbl • • nocne t.tTeHHR onpeAenH : a) Ha KaKHe BonpOCbl Tbl nonyt.tHn OTaeT; 6) KaKaR HoaaR AIlR Te6R HHcpopMaL,4HR COAep>KIo1TeR B TeKeTe.

O.n;RopO.ll:Rhle '1JIeHLI npe.ll:JlOJICeBHH SlBJISlIOTCH CMLICJlOBIJI

MH OTpe3KaMH, T.e. HM npH.u;aeTc H .u;onOJIHHTeJIhHoe CMhICJIO

Boe 3B8QeHHe. B YCTHOH peqH OHH BhI.u;eJUIIOTCSI C nOMoID;blO

HRTOHaO;HH, a B IIHcbMeHHoH O<pOPMJISIlOTCSI C nOMOW;b lO aHa

KOB npenHH8.HHSI .

CMhICJIOBble OTpe3KH - O)l.HOpO)l.Hble QJIeHbl npe,.pro:meHHSI

H MelOT pSl.u; npH3H81<OB:

a) OHH npHcoep;HHSlIOTCH K O.D;HOMY H TOMY me ttJIeHY IIpe.u;-

JIo:meHHSI;

6) OTBe't£aIOT Ha O.u;HH H TOT me Bonpoc;

B) npOH3HOCSlTCH C nepeqHCJIHTeJIhHOH HHTOHB.IJ;HeH.

Ha nHChMe 3TH OTpeaKH MOI'YT paa.u;eJISlThCH 3anSiToH.

CxeMbI c oep;HHeHHH H paa.u;eJIeHHH OAHOPO,lJ;HbIX tJJIeHOB:

0 " n B em ep no "'Op/O eYMlem u IWpa6J1UIC nooeo1UU!m . (A.C. JIymKHH) o . 0 BeeeHHuil py~eil aan030aJl . He yeneJl e08ee", e6e:JfCamb ... (M.M. JIPHIlIBHB)

G . Rol a 0 He ooe:JfCoy. a yM Haoo YICpamamb. (JIOCJIOBHI\a) Ii r- , Ii , H ....... ' , H 0 H .lLJ06JL1O U xJLe6, U mopm, u nup0:JK:·

Hbl~. U np",HUICU. (B.IO. ,!(parYHcK>lil)

o " C, I" ) lCa lC npeICpaeHbl cOJlH4e U He60. Mope U I 8emep... _

249. npOt.tHraH npeAllO>KeHHA. HaHAH CMblcnOBble orpe3KH -OAHOpoAHble t.tneHbl npeAllO>KeHHR. OnpeAenH, no KaKoH cxeMe

OHH COeAJ.1HSnOTCSI, KaKJ.1e 3HaKJ.1 npenJ.1HaHJ.1S1 J.1X pa3AenSltOT • • CnHWJ.1 npeAIl0>KeHJ.1S1. OnpeAenH, KaKJ.1e LtneHbl npeAIlO>KeHHSI SlBnSlIOTCSI OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1, nOKa>KJ.1 J.1X rpacpHLteCKJ.1.

1. CTYK KonhlT ROHSI, 3BYK RDJIeC8 OT3h1BaJIHCb rpOMOM H

OTI\8B8JlHCb C qeTbIpeX CTOpOH. 2. KyaHeI\ YBHl\eJl nepel\ co60H lKeHlI\HHY 1\0POl\HYlO H rOJly60rJl8aYlQ. 3. Bnepel\H Bcex 6bIJlH npOCTble MymHKH C YC8MH H tIy6B.MH, C TOJICTblMH meSlMH H

HocaMH. 4 . .f.I. OTCIOAa BHmy H HH3eBbKHH AOMHK C raJIepeeH,

H CTaBHH OROB. 5. Bce He06h1KHOBeHHble npOHcmeCTBHSI 3aMe

HHJIHCb CDOKOHHOIO H yeAHHeHHolO JKH3HblO . 6. OH BCer ,lJ;8

CJlymaJI C npH.RTHOIO YJIbl6KOlO rocTeH, HHorAa rOBOpHJI, HO

60JIbIIIe paccnpanHIB8JI. 7. CJIbl1II8JIHCb H <pJIeHTa, H 6y6HbI, H

6ap86au. 8. COJIHne BbIrJISIHYJIO A8BHO B8 tIBCTOM He6e H CBe

TOM CBOHM 06JIHJIO CTenb.

r M w e SI I (II 0 H.B. FotoJllo)

• HaHAJ.1 H nOAliepKHJ.1 opcporpaMMbl B KOPHSIX cnOB.

250. TBopLlecKoe cnHCblBaHHe • • CnHwH TeKCT 101 AonHWJ.1

OAHOpOAHble LtIleHbl npeAIl0>KeHHSI. rpaq,HLlecKH nOKa>KH, Ka

KJ.1e LtneHbl npeAIlO>KeHHSI SlBnSltoTCSI 0AHOPOAHbIMJ.1.\ . npOLlH

Tai:1, nepeCKa>KH J.1 03arnaBb TeKCT.

. ....., , ' tIB, Ii CeHtIaC me (tITO CAeJIaJIH?) ... CHe-

B rycToM JIecy 6b1JIO TeMHO, KaK nOA

~ ., ..... HO'M~' ~ •• .,.,.~.

~ :: lKHHKH. 38cepe6pHJlCH (K8KOH?) ••• H (K8KOH?) .•. CTBOJl CT8POH OCHHbI. ¥ sepmliRbl ero tIepHeJIa AbIp8 - AynJIO.

BOT no cHery (KaK?) ••• H (K8K?) nOI\-6emaJI K COCHe 3BepeK. BepXHSlSl ry6a npHDO,lJ;BSIJI8Cb, - MeJIb

KHyJlH (K8KHe?) •.. H (KaKHe?) •.• ay6bI. 3TO KYHHI\8 - rpoa8 Bcex (KaKHX?) .•. H (K8KHX?) •.. lKHTe

JIeM: JIeca.

• COCTaBb cxeMbi AByX nt06blX npeAIlO>KeHHH C OAHOPOAHblMH

LlneHaMH.

.....-

251 . CnHwH, paCCTaBb 3HaKH npenHHaHJ.1S1 B cxeMax • • CocTaBb

npeAJ10>KeHJ.1S1 no 3THM cxeMaM.

[8 H 8 ~ ... ]. [- (.:\ ao Pi ••. ].

[H P H - H G - ~ ... ].

[ - ~ 8,.·~ H 8 ]· [ - ~ Cl H i -_) (. H 8 ... ]. [ - He ~ a -, ... ].

252. CnHwH TeKCT, paccTaBnSlSl 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI. f{aKoBa

ponb onpeAeneHHH B TeKcTe? f{aK nOMOratOT onpeAeneHHSI ne

peAaTb HacTpoeHHe, AyweBHoe COCTOstHHe aBTopa? 06bSlCHH , , 3Hal.feHHSI rnaronOB B03HOCATCA, BocnapAIOT B COLleTaHHH C cy-

14eCTBHTenbHbIM BepwHHbl.

QYAeceH COCHOBblH 60p\ B KOTOPblH MbI B'be3m8JIH. HanpaBO BaneBD Bnepe,lJ;H II n 038,ltH Hac BblCHJmCb ABYXCOTJIeTBHe CO

CBb!. B rOJIy6oe Be60 B03BOCSITCSI BocnapHIOT HX TeMHO-3eJIe

Hble BepIDHHbI KpacBoB8TOH 6POH3010 OTCSetIHSaIOT CTBOJIbI ' •

If. 60p H nOJIS! II aanax.H H 3BYKH aaneQ8TJIeBaIOTC.R B naMSI

TH. ' .H npl'IMetIalO MypaBbHHbIe KytlH 1 Y ,lJ;OporH. CBeTJIblH COJI

BetIBblH P~OCT8b!H. Mllp OKPy.m8e-r:l MeBSI.

(llo H.C. COKOJl08y-MuKumo8Y «CBuiJanue C oemCmeOM))

• HaHAH 0AHOpOAHble LtneHbi npeAflO>KeHHSI H nOKa>KJ.1 HX rpaq:,H

LleCKH • • 0603Hattb H3Bee-l'Hbl~6e-o~aM·Mbh-

KmotIeSbIe c..'10Ba TeMbJ:

n~ICbMeHHaSl pelJb

pOJIb 3H8KOB npen:UH8Hl1fl

CMblCJIOBOn OTpe30R

0,lJ;80pOAHble 'l.{JIeHb£

npeAJIOmeHlfH

npeAnOlKeHHR C o606U\alOU\HM cnOBOM I npH 0AHOPOAHbIX '!neHax

253. npOLtHTaH npep,nO>KeHHSI . • Hai:1AH OAHOpOAHbie Ltne

Hbl npeAnO>KeHHSI. no KaKI1M npH3HaKaM Tbl 6YAewb HX

J.1CKaTb? • f{aKYto oc06eHHocTb 3TJ.1X npeAIlO>KeHHH Tbl 3aMe

THn? f{aK 3Ta oco6eHHocTb OTpa>KaeTCSI Ha nHcbMe? A B YCT7

HOH pel.fH?

1. MLI yme H3Y'1HJlH 'lIaCTH pe'llH: HMH C~ecTBHTeJl}'HOe,

lIMH npHJl8r8TeJI}'HOe H rJIarOJI.

2. P8360p npe,n;JIOmeHHH Ha'llHH81OT C onpe,n;eJIeHHH rp8M

M8TH'lIeCKOH OCHOBbI npe,n;JIOmeHH.R: nO,lJ;JIeman.J;ero H cK83ye

Moro. 3. KaKHM 'lIy,n;OM K83MHC}' MHe Tor,n;a aTH ,n;epeBeHCKHe H

CeJIhCKHe JUtBO'llKH! B HHX naxno TOBapoM: ,n;el'TeM, CeJIe,n;K8-

MH, KYMa'llOM*, porom8MH*, XOJICTHHOii*. (IIo H.C. CoKOJIOBY

MnKHTOBY) 4. Ho B,1J;pyr B KOMH8TY BOWeJI n8n8. DB CR83M:

- T8.Koe BOCnHTaHHe ry6HT MOHX ,n;eTeH • .H He X01.Jy, tJT06LI

OHH 6e306p83HH'lIMH: ,lI;pa.n:HC}', CCOPHJlHC}' H BLIrOBHJIH roc

Teii. liM 6y,n;eT TPY,ll;BO >KHT}, a8 CBeTe, M OHM YMPYT B O,ll;RBO

'leCTBe. (ITo M.M. 3011.\eHKO)

254. npOo.u·tTaH TeKCT. Uenb "neHH~ - Y3HaTb Afl~ ce6~ "'TOTO HOBoe.

Ram,n;oe CJIOBO .RBJI.ReTCH 06~HM H83B8.HHeM ,n;JISI rr;eJIO

ro pSlP;8 npe.n;MeTOB. HanpHMep, CJIOBO 48embL HBJIHeTCH 06-

ID;HM Ha3B8HHeM Bcex IJ,BeTOB, 6y,n;}' TO O,ll;YB8.H1.JHK lIJllI p03a.

CJIOBO Oepe6bJL - o611.\ee IIJI" Bcex lIepeBbeB. 6Yllb TO p,,6HHR HJIH IIaJIbM8. A AJIH CJIOB emOJL, emyJL, uuca4J, "po8amb, "pee/LO - 06m;HM HBJlHeTCH CJIOBO Me6eAb. OHO 0606m;aeT Bce ope,n;

MeThI ,lI;OM8mHeii 06CT8HOBKH. Ror,n;8 npH T8..KOM CJIOBe eCT}'

O,1J;Hopo,ll;HLIe lIJIeHbI, KOTophIe npe,ll;CT8BJISlIOT c060H nepelleHb

npe,n;MeTOB, 0606m;eHHblx aTHM CJIOBOM, OBO H83b1B8eTCH 0606· 14alO14U.M .

(r.r. TpanuK, CM. BonoapenKo «3naKU npenunanWll»

• 8 KaKOM CTHne HanHcaH 3TOT TeKcT? KaKoH 3TO THn TeKcTa? • HaHAH H BblnHWH KI1tO ... eBoe cnoao TeKCT a. 3anHwH OAHOKOpeHHble cnoaa K HeMy.

~

IIpH o,n;aopo,ltHblX tJJIeBax npe,lVlOmeHHH MOryT 6hJTb CJIOBa • KOTophIe HBJIHIOTCH 06m;HMH no 3HalleHHIO ,ZJ;JlH CTOSIm;RX np"

BRX o,l(HOpO,lJ;abIX qJleaOB. 8TH CJlOB8 B83bIB8lOTCH o606~illo_ IQHMH.

TIOCJIe o606m;arom;ero CJIOBa nepe,n O,lJ.HOPO,lJ.HbIMH 'tlJIeH8.MB

CTRBHTC" ,1IBOeTO'lHe. r, r:'I o 0 Q ,-

B caay POCJl,U ueemw: ?6Q3dulCU. Jl,UJI,UU, UpUCbL

8 :8 · 8 · 8 · ~----------------------~

255. npO"''''TaH npeAnO>KeHHR. HaHAH OAHOpoAHble "IneHbl npeAJlO>KeHHR H o606w;no~He cnoaa . • CnHwH, paccTaBn~~ 3HaKH npenHHaHH~. 0603Ha"lb rpacpH ... ecKH OAHOpOAHble o.meHbl npeAnO>KeHHR.

1. B WKOJIe H3ytJalOTCH p a3HhIe yqe 6Hhle npe,ZJ;MeTh!.' pyc

CRHH H3bIR JIHTepaTypa M8TeM 8THK8 6HOJIOrHH . 2. llpe,n;JIome

HHH CT8.HOB.RTCSI pacnpocTpaaeHHbIMH 3a clIeT npHcoep;HHeHHSI

K rpaMMaTB'tIeCROH OCROBe BTopOCTerreHBbIX tJJIeHOB)p;onOJI

ReHHH onpe,n;eJIeHHH H 0 6CTOSlTeJlbCTB. 3. ,il;JISI 60JIee TO'tlHOH

nepep;aqH MblCJIH aa nHChMe Mhl HcnOJIh3yeM 3H8RH npenMBa

HHSI TOtJKY 3anHTYlO cKo6KH ,1J;BOeTOtJHe 'rHpe BOCKJIHnaTeJIb

HhIH H Bon pOCHTeJIbHbIH 3H8..KH.

• 8 TeKCTax KaKoro cnotn~ MoryT Hcnonb30aaTbCR 3TH npeA"O>KeHHR? • npOAOn>KH OAHO 1013 npeAflO>KeHHH 2-3 caOHM'" npHMepaMH. 8 KaKOM npeATlO>KeHHH :noro CAenaTb Hel1b3~? nO ... eMY?

256. npl1AYMaH H HanHWH npeAflO>KeHHR C OAHOPOAHblMH ... neHaMH. 8 Ka ... eCTae o606l4C1tOW)1x Hcnonb3YH cnoaa: OAe)l(Aa, peKH, ropoAa, Aepe .... , nnaHen.l. rpa¢>H"IeCKH o603Halfb OAHOpoAHble 4neHbi npeATlO>KeHH~.

257. CnHwH TeKCT. BCTaBn •• nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl. npoAomKH ero 2-3 npeAf10>KeHH~MH • • rpa¢>H ... ecKH o603Ha4b OA- \!:,:;u' HOpOAHble ... neHbl npeA1l0>KeHH~ • • r pacpH ... ecKH o603Ha ... b ycnoaH~ abl60pa op¢>orpaMM Ha MeCTe nponYCKoa.

Haqarro OC_HH )l;JIJI JI_CHbIX2 06_ TaTeJIeH - XJ>0IDaJl nJ'a.

JIec 6_raT paaHhlMH JIaROMCTBaMH Hr..Jl;aMH rp_6aMH opexa

MH. A H8 orrymK8x H Ha n_JlSIHaX CT_HT I )l;HKHe Jl6JIOHH .

CKOJIbKO Ha HRX SI6JIOKl OHH Man:eHbKHe H KHCJlbIe. Ho H aa

3TH <PPYKTbI H6H,lWTCSI OXOTHHKH3 M.JI;Be~H K_6aHbI emH.

(llo r A C1<P.6U41<OMY)

KJrlOlJeBble CJlOBa TeMLI:

O,a;HOpo,a;Hble 'lIJIeHbl npe,a;JIo.meHuH

060611\81OI1\ee CJlOBO 3Halt(HO 06paTHTbcSI K APyry , K Y'"lHTento, K POAHblM 101 T .A.? KaKHe cnosa Tbl 06A3aTenbHo ynoTpe6Hwb ls 3THX npeAllo>t(eHHAx? KaK K Y'"leHHKaM o6paL14atoTCA Y'"lHTenA? ,[J.HpeKTop wKonbl?

259. npo'"lHTai1 TeKCTbl . HaiiAIo1 cnosa, Ha3blBatoL14lo1e nH40

Io1nlo1 npeAMeT, K KOTOPOMY 06paw.atoTcA.

1. - 3110POBO, rrapHHll\el - CTyrraK ce6e MHMOI - Ym 60JIbHO TbI rpoaeH, RBR H rrorJIHmyl

OTKy,n;a ~pOBHIDKH? - 83 JIecy, BecTHMO*;

OTe~, CJlblIDHIDb, py6HT, a SI oTBomy.

(B Jlecy P8311aBMCII Torrop IIPoBoceKa,) - A 'ITO, Y OTu;a-TO 60JIbIDaSi ceMbSl?

- CeMbSl-TO 60JIbIDaSI, ,n;a ,n;Ba qeJIOBeKa

Bcero MymHKoB-TO: OTe~ MOR ,n;a $I •••

(H A. H eKpac08 «KpeCmbJtltCKUe aemu» )

• BeCTHMO (ycTap.) - H3BeCTHO.

r

2. G Y3JIOM B PYKax H BbImeJI H3 60JIbHHD;bI H, npoA,n;Jl

KBapTan, npHCeJI Ha TYM6y - T8KaH em;e 6bIJI8 CJIa60cTb. Ho

KaK xopoIDol Y MeHSI 38KpymHJIaCb rOJIOBa, HO $I 3HM, 't[TO He

yrr8l\Y, 51 3110POB H 6yllY "'HT", 51 rrOrrpaBHJlCII, IIpoll\ali, 6oJI"HHl.\al 3l1paBcTByli, wKoJlal

(BA Xa •• pun «J1'.a 1<anumana.)

• nonp06YH AaTb onpeAeneH"e: "TO Ha.bIBaeTCR 06palLleH"eM, • B KaKHX pe'"leBblX cHTya4HAx Hcnonb3yeTcA 06paL14eHHe?

260. BblnHwH H3 TeKCTOB npeAIlo>t(eHHA C 06paw,eHHSlMH. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nO'"leMY 06paL14eHHe MO>t(HO Ha3BaTb CMbICnOBblM oTpe3KoM? • B KaKOM n(lAe>t(e CTOHT 06paL14eHHe? KaKHe "lfleHbl npeAJ1o>t(eHHSI TaK>t(e CTOAT B 3TOM n(lAe>t(e? B "ieM

pa3nH"iHe Me>KAY 06paw.eHHeM H nOA11e>KaL14HM? • AOKa>t(H Ha CBOHX nplo1Mepax, '"ITO 06paL14eHlo1e He ABnAeTCA "lfleHOM npeAllO>t(eHHA.

261. npO'"lHTaii TeKCT B paMKe. npHAYMaii H 3anHWH CBOIo1 npHMepbl. HaA 06paL14eHHeM nOCTaBb 6YKBY O.

06pam;eHHe - 3TO CJIOBQ (HJIH CJIOBocot.{eT8.HHe), H83bIBaIO

ll.I;ee JIHo.O HJIH npe,ll;MeT, K KOTOPOMY o6pa.m;aeTcH rOBopHIll;HH.

06p~eHHe - 3TO CMhICJIOBOA oTpe30K, KOTOPbIH B YCTHOH

pet.{H BhI,n;eJISleTCSI 3B8TeJIbHOH HHTOBaU;HeH, 8 B OHCbMeaaOR -

3H8KaMH npeOl1HBHHSI.

06p8ll\eHHe Mo",eT 6h1T" pacrrpOCTpaHeHHhlM " Bep8cnpoCTpaHeHHblM.

06pSIIJ.eHHe He HBJIHeTCH 'lJJIeHOM npe,n;JIOmeHHH.

CJIOBS mbl H 8bl He ,n;OJImHhl HCnOJIb30B8TbC.fI B Ka'leCTBe 06-p8ll\eHHli,

262. npO'"lHTaii npeAIlo)t(eHHA. Hal1AH 06paL14eHHe. OnpeAenlo1, B KaKoii '"IaCTH npeA11o>t(eHHA OHO HaXOAHTCSI. C KaKoii Io1HTOHa4Heii npoIo13HoCHTC~? • CnHwH. rpacpH'"IeCKH 0603Ha'"lb 06paL14eHHe •

1. J];06PhIH nYTb B8M, rocno,n8, no MOPIO, no OKH.fIHY K

CJIaBaOMY n;aplO C8JITaay . 2. Thl BpaaYMHJI MeH.fI, repoR.

3. 3APaBCTByH, KBH3b Thl MOR npeKpacHbIiil qTO Thl THX, K8K

,lIeHb HeHacTHblli? (A.C.ITywKHH) 4. 0 Bonra, KOnhI6eJIb MOH, JII06HJI JIH KTO Te6S1, KaK SI? 5. CJIyw8RTecb, aaiiqHKH, .ne,na

Ma3aHI (H.A. HeKpacoB)

• CAenaH BbIBOA: KaKHMH 3HaKaMH o6paw.eHHSI BblAenSitOTCSI Ha nHCbMe.

263. BcnoMHH H 3anHWH H3BeCTHbie Te6e CTPOKM A.C . nYWKMHa. 06bJlCHM nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHMJI .

1. CROJlb3H no yrpeUHeMY I CBeT Haw COJIHblmKO

cHery •• • npe,lllli\HMCH 6ery HeTep-neJIHBoro KOBSI.

2 . . . . Thl Moryq, TbI 1'0HSlemb

CTaH TytI • ••

3 . . .. Thl xo,nHmb KpyrJIbIB ro,n;

no He6y . ••

,lIpyr MHnblli

Be Tep, BeTep

• nOA"iepKHH opq:,orpaMMbl B OKOH"iaHMJlX enOB . • npMAYMaH H 3anHWH TpH npeAnO>KeHHJI C o6paw.eHHJlMM. rpaq:,H'·teeKH olso-3Ha4b 06pal1..\eHHSI.

06paJJ.J;eHue - CMbICJIOBOH OTpeaOK, KOTOPbIH a8 D HCbMe

Bbl,.o;eJISleTCSI 3 HaK8MH n p en HHaSHR .

06p8..lqeHH e B HaqaJIe, B cepe,z:U.fBe H B KOHqe npeAJIOJoKeHH.fI

Bbl,.o;eJISJ.eTCH 3aURThIMH .

ECJIH 06p am;eHHe, CTOR~ee B a8qarre npe,n;JIOmeHHSI , npon:a

HOCHTC.R C OC06b1M qy-BCTBOM, TO DOCJIe sero CTaBHTCSI BOCKJIH

I ~aTeJIbHhIli 3HaK. CxeMbI BhIi\eneHHH 06paIl\eHHH:

[ 0 , - ~ ]. [01 - ~ ]. [ - ~, 0, .. . ]. [ - ~ , 0 1.

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06paTH BHHMaHMe: OAHOpOAHble 4neHbi npeAJ10>KeHMJI pa3-"enRtOTCR 3anJiTOH, a 06pal1..\eHMe SblAenSieTCR 3ansITblMM C ASYI CTOpOH. BblAenMTenbHble 3HaKM npenMHaHMSI BcerAa AIoHHble .

264. np04MTaH TeKCT B paMKe Ha c. 140. npHAYMaH M 3anHWM npMMepbl. rpaq:,M4ecKM 0603Ha"ib 06pal1..\eHMJI. CocTaBb CXeMbl npep,nO>KeHMH . • nonpo6YH COCTaBMTb anropMTM AeHcTBMM, Heo6-XOAHMblX p,nJl npaBHnbHoro oq:,opMneHMSI 06paLl.4eHHJI B nMCbMeHHOH pe4H.

265 . npO"iHTaH npeAJ10>KeHMJI. HaMAM 06paL.LJ.eHHSI . • CnMwM, paCCTaBnJlJl 3HaKM npenMHaHHSI. rpaq:,M4ecKM 0603Ha4b o6pal1..\eHMJI . • CocTaBb cxeMbl npeAflO>KeHHM . • npMAYMaH M 3anHWM CBOM npeAflO>KeHMJI no 3TMM cxeMaM.

1. rOCY,llaphIHH p0,llHaH BhI6pan H ",eHY ce6e, ,lIO'fb nocJIymHyro Te6e. 2. Bor Bac ,lIeTH Harplli\HT. 3. llonHo KHH3b ,lIyma MOH He ne'fanbCH, pa,lla cny",6y OKa3aTb Te6e " B ,lIpy",6y. 4. '{eM BbI rOCTH Topr Be,lliiTe? If Ky,lla Tenepb nnhIBeTe? (A.C. ITYWKUH)

266. npeACTaSb, 'iTO Tbl HaXOAMWbCSI: 1) Ha ypoKe, rAe Te6e npeAcToMT BblcTynMTb C C006l1..\eHHeM; 2) H3 AHe pO>KAeHJ1J1 APyra (noAPyrM), M Te6e Hy>KHO npoM3HecTM n03ApaBMTenbHYto pe4b . KaKMe 06pal1..\eHMSI Tbl Mcnonb3yewb B nepBoM M BO BTOPOM cnY4ae? n04eMY? 06bJlCHM. 3anMwM HeCKonbKO aapMaHToB npeAf10>KeHHH C 06pall.4eHMeM.

267. npHAYMaH H HanMWM n03APaeneHMe (Koro M C 4eM Tbl 6YAewb n03ApaBflSlTb, onpeAenM caMOCTOJlTenbHo). nOcTapaHCSI Hcnonb30BaTb B TeKCTe pa3Hbie 06pal1..\eHMR, KOTopble 6YAYT CTOJlTb B Ha4ane, B cepeAMHe, B KOHu.e npeAnO>KeHMJI. nOMHM, "iTO 06paw.eHMe MO>KeT 6blTb HepacnpOCTpaHeHHblM M pacnpOCTpaHeHHblM.

268. Cnt.1WH npeAllO>KeHHSI, paCCTaBI1S1S1 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI

101 BCTaBI1S1S1 nponyw.eHHble 6YKBbl • • rpacpHl.(eCKH 0603Hal.(b

o6pa w.eHH5!.

1. MocKBa MocKBa JIIo6J1101 T 6S! KaK ChIR. (M.IO. JIepMOH. TOO) 2. IIo,lij>yra2 ,ZI;HeH MOHX CypOBbIX I'OJIY_K8 ,ZI;PSlXJI8H MOJI1

O,Zl;H8 B rJIYIU H JI_COB C_CHOBbIX .lLBHO, ,lI;_B~O T bl )Kp;eWb

MeBS!. (A.C. IIynllmB) 3. C,m i\HTS! MOe YCBH. CJIa_KHM COBa K ce6e MaaH. (A.H. MaiiKoB) 4. IIp_BeT Te6e MOM Kpaii P...AHoii .c TBOHMH TeMHbIMH JI_C8MH C TBoeH BeJIHKOIO P_KOH Ii HeOrJISI,ZI;

HhIMH n_JIs!MH. (C.H . .o;POlKlKHB)

KmOtleBLle cnOB8 Tel\oJLJ:

CMbICJIOBOii oTpe30K 3H8KII npenna8HuSl

o6pa~eHlIe BbI,neJIHTeJILHLIe 3H8KH

§ 28. BaoAHbie enOBa. npeAnOlKeHHA e BBOAHblMH enoBaMH. 3HaNH npenHHaHHA B npeAn0lKeHHAx e BBOAHblMH enOBaMH

(o.HaNoMneHHe)

269. npOI.(HTaH TeKCT. 06paTH BHHMaHHe Ha BblAe11eHHble

C110Ba • • K a KoH AOn011HHTe11bHblH CMbIC11 oHH BHOC5!T B npeAllo

)f(eHHe? • npoBepb SlB11S1IOTC5! 11101 OHH ~11eHaMH npeAllO)f(eHH5! •

• KaK OHH BbIAe11S1IOTCSI B YCTHOH H nHcbMeHHoH pel.fH?

3,l1;eCL CTOSlJIH D;eJIbIe TOJITIhI H8PO,ll;8. If JIIO,ll;H OTCIO.n;8 BHKY

,ll;8 Be OTXO.o;HJIH H He mYMeJIH COBceM, a CTOSlJIH IIJIOTHhIMH

pSl,ZJ;8MH. Ii SI, KOHequo, CTaJI rrOTHXOHbKY BBHHqHB8TLCSl B 3TH

TOJIIIhI Ii nOCTeneHHO IIPOBHHTHJICSl n06JIH)Ke K CaMOMY rJI8B

HOMY. aTO 6hIJIH llTHqKH 8Ma,n;HHbI ... OTKY,ZJ;8 OBH B3S1JIHCb?

ORH, uaBepHoe, Hana,n;aJIH C Be68. OHH, HaBepHoe, 6L1JIH oca,n;

KH, 8 nOTOM OjKHJIH • ••

Tyr OABa TEh-K8 C 30JIQTbIM 3y60M CK83aJIa Hli C 1'01'0 HH C ce~: - Hy, KaKHe MaJIeHbKHe .•• XYi\ble ••• KYi\a HX •.. R Bce a8 Bee orJUIHYJIHCb CYPOBO, 8 O,ZJ;HB ,lI;e.o;ymK8 CKpH

BUJI POT H ~OBHTO nporOBOpHJI:

- KORe'lHO, KypHD;8 - OHa rrOJI~e ...

(ITo B.IQ. 4paZl/fiC1CoMY ({BeJlble aMaaWtbl»)

KOBe[mJHO

~

I

•

• CMbIC110Bble OTpe3KH, BblAe11eHHble B TeKCTe, Ha3bIBaIOTC5!

IIOAHblMH enOBaMH • • KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, no~eMy OHH n011YI.(H11H

TaKoe Ha3BaHHe?

270. npOl.fHTaH npeAllO)f(eHHSI . HaHAIoi BHYTPH npocToro npeA-

110)f(eHHSI CMbIC110B0i1 oTpe30K - BBOAHoe C110BO. no KaKHM npH-

3HaKaM Tbl 6YAeWb ero HCKaTb? • OnpeAenH, KaKOH AonOnHHTe11b

HblH CMbtC11 OHH BHOCSIT B npeAI10)f(eHHe • • CnHwH, paCCTaB11S1S1

3HaKH npenHHaHIo1Sf • • CAe11aH BblBOA 0 MeCTe BBOAHblX C110B B

npeAIlO)f(eHHH • • rpacpH~eCKH OTMeTb BBoAHble C110Ba 6YKBOH B. 1. P83YMeeTCSI H y CJIaBSlH 6hIBaJIH AOJIrHe pacrrpH* H TH)Ke

JIhIe CCOPhI. 2. KOaeqHO rJI8BHbIe BO)K,n;O nJIeMeH BHK8K He

XOTeJIH nona,n;aTb B qy.m:yIO 3aBHCHMOCTb. 3. B03MO)KHO 113-38

HeYCTyrrtll1BOCTH MeCTHblX KHSl3eH H npHmJIOCb rrpHrJIam8Tb B

npaBHTeJIH BapSlI'OB. 4. PIOPHK K cqaCTbIO He a8CT8BHJI ce6H

AOJIro ynp8mHB8Tb H npH6bIJI KHH)KHTb B CTapHHHbIH ropo,n

HOBI'OPO,Zl; . 5. K8.m:eTcSI HMeHHO BO BpeMeB8 PlOPHK8 CJIaBSlH

CKHe aeMJIH llO,n; ero YIIpaBJIeHHeM CTaJIH a83hlB8TbCSI PYCblO.

(no B.H. COJW6bi!6Y)

• BblnHWH BBOAHble C110Ba. nOA6epH K HHM CHHOHHMbl .

eJIOB8, BbIP8jK81O~He OTHomeHHe rOBOpSlIQero K TOMY, 'ITO

OH rOBopHT, H83hIB8IOTCH BBO,lJ;IIIdMH.

BBOAHbIe CJIOB8 MorYT BbIpam8Tb YBepeHHOCTb (Konell.nO, pa3YMeemCR), HeYBepeHHOCTb (na8epnoe, Ka:»cemCR), qYBCTS8,

KOTophIe BhI3bIBalOTCH C006IQeHHeM (K Cll.aCmblO. K cO:JICa.ne/tUlO).

BBOAHhIe CJIOBa - 3TO CMbICJIOBbIe OTpe3KH, KOTopbIe

B YCTHO:e: pe'llH BhI,lJ;eJlJlJOTCJI HHToa8D;ue:e:, a B TIHCbMeHBOH

pe'llH ( B aaqaJIe, B cepeAHHe H B KOHD;e npe,ll;JIOmeHHSI) -

aarrSlThIMH.

BBOi\HhIe CJIOBa He S!BJIS!IOTCs! qJIeHaMH npei\JIOlKeHHS!. B cxeMe npe,ZJ;JIOmeHHJI BBO,lJ;HhIe CJIOB8 0603Haq8.lOTCSI 6YK

BOH B: [ B, - = J. [- =, B, •• • J. [ - =, BJ •

B60{)n".e CJW6a co 3na..enUeM

Y6epennocmu KOHe'tJaO

6eaYCJIOBHO paaYMeeTCSI

KeY8epel£H,OCmU HaBepHOe O'tleBH,lI;HO

KRmeTCSI

BepOSITHO

B03MOJKHO

MOmeT 6bITb

"Y8cm8a K C'tlaCTblO

K HeCqaCTblO

K COm8JIeHHIO

• aaBepHO.e.

271. EL14e pa3 npO"iHTaH reKCT 8 paMKe Ha c. 143 . • CpasHH ero C TeKCTOM 06 o6paU\eHHH (c. 140) . • 'iro o6U\ero Y BBOAHblX enOB lot 06paw.eHHH? nOSVOTOBb YCTHO Cast3HOe BbICKa3bISa

HHe Ha lTy reM y.

212. np04HTaH reKer. nOAYMaH HaA era CMblCllQM H Hacrpoe-. HHeM • • CnHwH reKCT, paCCraal1f1f1 HeAOCTatow.He 3HaKH npemtHaHHfI . • 0603Ha4b BBOAHble cnoaa H o6paw.eHl-ifl.

BhI KOHeqao JIIo6uTe JIeTo? HaBepaoe BaM apaBHTCH TeuJIhIe ,lJ;HH -3eJIeaaH TpaBa JIaCKOBaSi pe'llKR H meJIThIH neCOK?

TarAa 6eaYCJIOBHO 3BMa ,l1;JUI Bac THHeTCH 6eCKoHettHO ,n;OJII'O, H

BhI AYMaeTe, qTO OHa He KOHlIHTCSI HUKorAa. Moil ,n;oporoH

,n;pyr cnemy ycnoKoHTb Bac: lIeTO K CtIaCTbID HacTynaeT Kam

,n;blH ro,n;l Em;e HeMHoro TepneHHH •••

273. CocTasb npeAJlO>KeHIo1St no cxeMaM.

[01 - ~ ... J? [B, - ~ ... J.

[ 0, - - .-.- ~ J? [-, B, ~ ... J .

274. npOLfIo1TaH TeKCT. 06paTIo1 SHIo1MaHlo1e Ha ablAeneHHble aaOAHble cnoaa • • OnpeAenlo1 3Ha4eHlo1e, KOTopoe OHIo1 aHOCStT

a npeAJlo>t<eHlo1e .

Ha MOR BarJUI,lJ;, CnpaBe,lJ;lIHBhI ClIOBa o,n;Horo H3 repoeB

M8.KCHMa rOpbKoro: .ClIoBa, ,n;pymHm;e, - aTO K8K lIHCTbJI aa ,n;epeBe, H, 'tITOt)hI

nOBRTb, nOqeMY lIHCT TaROB, a ae HHOH, aymHo 3aaTb, KaK

pacTeT ,lJ;epeBO, aymHo ytlHTbCRI,.

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llO-MoeMY, HCTOPHIO Kam,ltOrO ClIOBa HelIb3R Y3H8Tb, He

nOBRB, KaR OHO 06P830B8.JIOCb, Ha KaJ<OH BeTKe tBbIPOClIOt.

(H3 fCnutu «3aHuMameJ1.bHO 0 PYCCfCOM Jl.3bl.fC'e»)

BBo,n;HhIe CJIOBa H ClIOBOCO'tIeTaHHH Moryr YKa3hIBaTb aa HC

TO'lRHK HR4»0pMaU;HH: nO-MoeMY. no MoeMY MnenUKJ. na MOil. 63ZJ!JI{). no CJl06aM /cOZO'/iu(iyOb H liP .

275. npOLfIo1TaH OTPblBOK 1013 CKa3t(H C.A. nlo1caxoBa • • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, eCTb 11101 KaKoe-HIo16YAb npoTIo1BOpeLfl<1e S SbICKa-3blsaHIo1101 rnaSHoro repoSt? • Hanlo1wH CBOH OTseT. ~cnonb3YH SBOAHble cnoaa: nO-MoeMY, no MoeMY MHeHHIO, 803MO)KH(), HaaepHoe • • rpacplo14ecKH 0603Ha4b B&OAHble cnoaa.

KaK non pa60THHI.\Y HIiHHM8.JI Te6e, ,n;eBKa, )KHTbe y MeaH 6YAeT JIerROe, He CTOJIbKO pa-

60T8Th, CROlIhKO OTAhlxaTh 6Y,IJ;emhl

'YTPOM BCT8.Hemb KaJ< nOA06aeT -,IJ;O CBeTY. Ha6y BblMoemb,

,IJ;BOP y6epemb, KOPOB nO,IJ;OIDnb, B XJIeBY y6epihIIbCH H - CnH,

oTAhIxaH! 3aBTpaK-YTpeHHHK COCTpHnaemb, C8MOBap corpe

emb, Hac C MaTymKoH 38BTPaJ<OM a8RopMHmb H - CIIH, OT,IJ;hI

xaH! B nOJIe nop860Taemb, B oropo,n;e nOnOJIemb, ROJIH aH

MOH - aa APOB8MH, a8 ceHOM C'bea,IJ;Hmb - cnH, OT,lJ;bIXaii!

• nOA"IepKHIo1 8 CaOeM TeKCTe opcporpaMMbl a OKOHLfaHIo1StX rna-

ronoa. 100_ MOeMY

no MoeMY MueHHIO

276. npOLfHTaH TeKCT • • OnpeAel1lo1 era Tlo1n • • 06'bACHH csotO T04KY 3peHHSt, Io1cnol1b3YSt SBOAHble cnoaa.

IIoJITophI TblCH'tIH JIeT aa38_ »tUJI B PHMe Y"I_HhIH MOU8X

no HMeHH .n:HOHHCHH H no np03BHII\Y MaJIblH. B TY nopy B PHMe CtIHT8.JIH ro,n;hI OT OCH_B8HHH PHMa. ,ll;HOHHCHH M8JIhIH

p_mHJI, tITO XPHCTH8He He ,lJ;_JI»tHhI onpJI;eJIHTh BpeMH no

PHMCKOH ape. OH npe,n;JI_jKHJI H_ tI8Tb HOBYIO apy OT rOAa

p _ )KAeHHH HHCYC8 XpHCT8. C 3TOro BpeMeHH Bce C06hITHH B

aana,lJ;HOeBpOneilcKHx ,lJ;OKYMeHT8x CT8JIH,lJ; THpOBaTb cOT . -POlKlleCTBa XpHCTOBa ••

• HaqaTb

• KaK H3MeHI-1TCSI CMblCIl TeKCTa, eCIlH A06aBHTb B Hero BBOAHble

cnoBa KaHCeTCSI, no-MoeMY, HaBepHOe? • BblnHWH CIlOBa C nponyc

KaMH, rpaq:,W"leCKH 0603Ha4b YCIlOBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM . ..

277. CmtWH TeKCT, BCTaBIlSlSl, rAe 3TO B03MO>KHO, BBoAHble

CIlOBa • • 0603Ha4b HX rpacpH4eCKH .

eJIOBO «AYIll3.l) HMeeT HeCKOJIbKO 3H_ qeHHH. ,II;yma - 9TO

BHYTpeHHHH MHp qeJlOBeKa. ,II;yma - 9TO tIeJIOBeK C onp~eJleHHblMH CBOHCTBaMH, KaK B CJIOBOCOtIeTaHHH «A06paSI AY

rna» . p;yma - aTO B,lI;_XHOBHTeJIb qerO-HH6Y,lI;b B BbIItlmeHHH

«Ayma 06w;eCTBa» . Bblp_ meHHe 4,l1;yma HapacnamKY» 06 OtIeHb oTKptpeHHoM

q eJlOBeKe nepBOHaq8JI_ HO 6yKBaJI_HO 0603H_ tIaJIO qeJIOBeKa C

paCCTerHYTbIM BOP_TOM py6axH, He 60SI~erocSI nOK_3aTb, qTO

y Hero 3a naayxoH. 3H_ qelille CJlOBa 4Aymat B aTOM c.rryqae - '

SIMO'tlKa2 Ha IDee, HaA rpYAHOH KOCT_101

, rro,ll; Ka,ll;bIK6M*.

l1..MeHHo 3,l1;eCb nOM_w;aJlaCb ,lI;yrua 'tIeJIOSeKa.4

(H 3 «:3mU.Mo.JWZUtteCKOZO CJ/,06apSI,» )

/1.nR cnpaBOK: KOHe"'lHO, OyeBHAHO .

• rpacpH"'IeCKH 0603Ha4b YCIlOBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha Me

ere nponyeKOB.

KJIIO'IeSble CJJOBa TeMbI:

CMhlCJIOBOH OTpe30K

BBO,ll;HbIe CJIOBa

rpynITDI no 3HaQeH1UO

BbI)l.eJIHTeJlbHble 3HaKH

npenHHaHHSI

§ 29. C"'HTaKcH~ecK"'H pa360p npocToro npejlnOlKeHHII

OrBeTb Ha BonpOCbl, npHBOASI CBOH npHMepbl.

1. KaKoe npeAflo»<eHHe SlBIlSleTCSI npoeTblM?

2. LITO SlBIlSleTCSI rpaMMaTH4eCKOH OCHOBOH npeAJ10>KeHHSI?

3. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AeIlSlTCSI npeAJ10>KeHHSI no Ll,eIlH Bb1CKa3bl

BaHHSI? 4. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AeIlSlTCSI npeAJ10>KeHHSI no 3MOLl,HOHaIlbHoH

oKpacKe?

,-, , I (

I ~'

I

"

S. KaKHe npeAJ10>KeHHSI Ha3blBalOTCSI pacnpocTpaHeHHblMH?

6. KaKHe 4IleHbi npeA110>KeHHSI Ha3blBalOTCSI OAHOPOAHbIMH?

7. LITO Ha3blBaeTCSI o6paw.eHHeM?

8. KaKHe CIlOBa Ha3blBalOTCSI BBOAHbIMIo1?

9. KaKHe CMblCIlOBble oTpe3KH B npOCTOM npeAIlO>KeHHIo1 paaae

nAIOTCSI 3anSlToH, a KaKlo1e BblAenJiIOTCJI 3anSlTb1MIo1?

10. KaKlo1e 3HaKH npem1HaHHA ABIlSItOTCSI ABO~HbIMH - pa3AenH

TeIlbHble HIlH BbIAeIlHTeIlbHble?

II opsliJo" paa60pa npocmozo npeo.J<OJlCelWR

1. BH,lI; npe,l1;JlOmeHI1SI no U;eJIH BblCKaablBaHH.fI (noBecTBoBa

TeJIbHOe, BorrpOCHTeJIbHOe, no6Y,l1;HTeJIbHoe).

2. BH,lI; rrpeAJIOmeHHSI no 3MOII;HOHaJIbHOH oKpacKe (BOCKJlH-

IJ,aTeJIbHOe, HeBOCKJIHn;aTeJIbHoe).

3. IIpocToe. 4 . PacnpocTpaHeHHo e HJIH HepacnpocTpaHeHHoe.

5. ¥KaaaTb, eCT.b JIH B npe,l1;JIOmeHHH O,l1;HOpO,l1;HbIe 'tIJIeHbI,

BBO,ll;Hble CJIOBa, 06pa w;eHHSI.

6. ¥RaaaTb rpaMMaTHl.IeCKYIO OCHOBY. Onpe,l1;eJIHTb, l.IeM

BbIpameHbI rrO,ll;JIemam;ee H cKa3yeMoe.

7. OxapaKTepHaoBaTb rpynny nO,l1;JIema.m;ero (BTopocTeneH

Hble 'tIJIeHbI, OTHOCSIID;HecSI K nO,ll;JIemaID;eMY).

8. OXap8.KTepH30BaTb rpynrry CRaayeMoro (BTopocTerreHHbIe

QJIeHbI, OTHOCSIID;HecSI K cKa3yeMoMY).

06paae4 pa360pa npocmozo npeOROJICeltUSl npHlI. CYIQ· @ rll. CYIQ. (3) rJl. CYIQ ..

BeCeltltRR Booa np0ltuKRa noo cltez u paa6vouRa RREJ:.... "'\/\/' ... /',/\./ ... ...rv" _ ._._._._,_

monICa. - - - (M. M. IIpHWBIIH)

(TIpe,lI.JIOmeHHe nOBeCTBOBaTeJIbHOe, HeBOCKJlHn;aTeJIbHOe,

rrpOCToe, pacnpocTpaHeHHoe, C O,lI.HOPOAHbIMH cKaayeMbIMH.)

[ ~-v - @ -.-.- H @ - - - ].

278. npO"'t"naH TeKCT. OnpeAenJo1 era TJo1n • • BblnOI1HJo1 CHHTaKCJo1-

"'teCKJo1H pa360p YKa3aHHbix npeAIlO>KeHJo1H.

HaBepHOe, BpeMH ,lI;06PhIX BOJIme6HHKoB n p o mJIo : " A MO

meT 6hITh, HX HHKOr,ll;a H He 6hIJIO aa caMOM ,lI;eJIe. Bee 3TO

BhI,lI;YMaJIH ,lI;JIH MaJIeHbKHX ,lI;eTeH. HeKoTophIe q,OKYCHHKH

YMeJIH 06MaHbIBaTb BCSiKHX aeBaK, H 3THX q,OKYCHHKOB rrpHHHM8JIH aa KOJI,lI;y-HOB H BOJIme6HHKOB.

RhlJI TaKOH ,lIOKTOP r acrrap ApRepH. HaRBHhle JIIO,lIH, HpMap O'tJHhIe ryJIHKH, CTY,lI;eH'l'hI C'tJHTaJIH ero BOJIme6HHK OM.'" ,IJ;OK

TOp ,lI;eJI8JI Y,lI;HBHTeJIbHble Bem;H . " Ro, KOHeTIHO , OH He HMeJI

HHTIel'O 06m;ero C BOJIme6HHKaMH 11 mapJIa TruraMH.

,n;OKTOP racrrap ApRepH 6hIJI yqeRhIH. KalKeTCH, OR HayqHJI OKOJIO CTa Hay-K.

o era yqeHocTH aHaJIH MHorMe JIIO,lI;H: H MeJIbHHK, H COJI,lI;aT,

H ,lI;aMbI, H MHHHCTphI. '

(IIo lO.K. O.Jtewe «Tpu TO.JtcmJ<'w»)

• BblnJo1WJo1 1013 TeKCTa C110Ba C opcporpaMMaMJo1 B KopHe CI10B.

nOA6~pJo1 ew,e 2-3 npJo1Mepa C nOA06HbIMJo1 opcporpaMMaMJo1.

• HaHAH a TeKCTe Cl10sa, nOCTpoeHHble no cxeMe:

,~A,O , ,---'~ A,/\ O . nOA6epJo1 Cl10aa C TaKJo1M >Ke co

CTaSOM.

Kmo'lesLJe CJlOBa TeMLI: CHHTaKCIIC

npOCToe npe,uJIOmeHHe

paa60p

§ 30. CnOHCHoe npeAnOHCeHHe

279. npO"'tJo1TaH CTJo1XOTSOpeHJo1e. KaKYIO KapTJo1HY AeTcTsal HapJo1COBan aBTop? KaKJo1M HacTpoeHlo1eM OHa npOHHKHYTa?

HaHAJo1 H npO"'tJo1TaH CHal-lal1a npOCTble npeAIlO>KeHHSI, 3aTeM

CI10>KHble. KaK Tbl Jo1X pa311Jo1l-1aeWb? • AOKa>t<H, I-ITO l-IaCTb

CI10>KHOrO npeAIlo>t<eHJo1S1 SlsnSleTCSI CMbicnOSblM oTpe3KOM .

148

1

I

I

M BO cae MHe CHHTCH

'IY,lIRhle KpaH. M MBaR IJ;apeBH'l -3TO 6Y,lITO H.

BOT rrepe/10 MROIO l..JY,lI;HhlH cM U;BeTeT,

B TOM caAY 60JIbillOe ,n;epeBo pacTeT.

,IJ;eTcTBo

30JIOTaH KJIeTKa

Ha cyqKe BHCHT,

B aTOH KJIeTKe nTH~a, TOl.lHO map, I'OPHT.

IIpblraeT B TOR KJIeTKe,

BeceJIo nOeT,

HPKHM, t{Y,lI;HbIM cBeToM

Ca/1 BeCb 06/1ah. ( H.H. CYPu/COB)

• C ocTaab cxeM bl CnO>KHbIX npeAIlO>KeHJo1H • • KaK coeAHHeHbl B

HHX I-Iacnt CnO>KHoro npeAIlo>t<eHJo1S1? • KaKJo1MJo1 ew.e cpeAcTsaMH

MoryT COeAJo1HSlTbCS1 l-IaCTJo1 CnO>KHOro npeAIlo>t<eHJo1R? KaK pa3AenSl

IOTCR l-IaCTH Ha nHcbMe? npJo1AYMaH 101 3anHWH CBOJo1 npJo1Mepbl.

• CocTasb nnaH OTBeTa Ha Bonpoc «LITO SI 3HalO 0_ CI10>t<HOM npeA

nO>KeHHJo1». PaCCKa>t<H 0 CnO>KHOM npeAIlO>KeHHJo1 no 3TOMY nnaHy.

(Pp) 280. nOApo6Hoe Jo13flo>+<eHJo1e TeKCTa-noseCTBOSaHJo1J1 •

• npOI-lJo1TaH TeKCT. KaKJo1e npH3HaKH rOBopSiT a TOM, I-ITO 3TO

TeKCT-nOSeCTBOSaHJo1e? nOArOTOSbCR K nOAP06HOMY nJo1CbMeH

HOMY nepeCKa3Y (1013nO>KeHJo1IO) 3Toro TeKCTa. ~cnonb3YH naMRTKy Ha c. 203.

Ap6aT

Ap6aT - 0.n;H8 H3 caMblX 3HaMeHHThIX YJIHIJ; MOCKBbl. )];0

CHX n op yqeHhIe cnopHT 0 3H 8qeHHH ee HaaBaHHH. Cym;ecTBY-, , eT MHeHHe, t{TO, CJIOBO tap6aT .. a pa6cKoro npOHcxom.n;eHHH II

03HaQ8eT tnpHrOpO,ll;bl • • B CTapHHY aT8 MeCTHOCTb B caMOM

.n;eJIe HBJIHJIaCb npHropo.n;8.MH MOCKBhI. BepoHTHo, 3TO CJIOBO

aaHeCJIH K HaM BOCTOQHble Kyn~bI.

B meCTHa.o;u;aTOM H ceMHa.o;u;aTOM BeK8X Ha YJIHn;e mHJIH

CTpeJIbI\hl. 06HTaJIH 3/1eCb H peMeCJIeHHHKH, Cpe/1H RliX OhIJIH .o;BopU;OBhIe llJIOTHHKH, cepe6pSlHblx .o;eJI MaCTepa. 06 aTOM Ha

rrOMHHaIOT Cepe6pHHhIH H IIJIOTHHKOB nepey JIKK. IIot{Ba 3.o;ecb

6bIJIa necQaaOH, Hey.n;06HoH ,lJ,JI.fI 3eMJIe.n;eJIHH. 06 aTOM paCCKa-

3blBaeT HaM CnaconeCKOBCKHH nepeYJIOK.

Ap6aT 6hIJI aRCTpOeH ,lI;epeBHHHhIMH ,o;OMaMH, 80 BpeMH

nolftapa 1812 rOlla Bce OHH CrOpeJIH. IIocJIe 3Toro Ha YJII:Il\e nOSlBHJIli:Ch HOBbIe npeKpaCHhIe a,n;aHHH. B O,ll;HOM 1:13 ~aKHX OC06HSIKOB B 1831 rOilY HeKOTopoe BpeMSI lftHJI A.C. IIy'mKHH co cHoeH MOJIO,ll;OH meHoH.

B KOHl\e lIeBSITHRI\l\aTOro BeKa Ap6a'\' npeBpaTHJICSI B OIlHY 1:13 caMhIX OmHBJIeHHhIX TOproBblX yJIH~ MOCKBbI.

Ap6aT 1:1 apfiaTCKBe nepeYJIKH OllHCaBbI MHOI'HMH PYCCKH

MH llHCRTeJISlMH H n03TaMH.

(llo II.B. CbtmUHY «HcmopUJl MOCKOBCICUX y.n.uq»)

281. ~3 cneAYIOL1V1x CMbicnOBblX oTpe3KoB COCTaab CnO>KH~··

npeAflO>KeHHSI.

1. B 1609 roilY Ha POCCHlO HanaJIH nOJISlKH 1:1 mSe,lJ;bl

2. IIpaBHTeJIH·6oSIpe BCrynHJlH C BparOM B crosop 3. B HapOlle Ha'lanOCb He-

6hIBaJIOe BOJIHeHHe

STO fiblJIa HaCTOSIII~aH H3Me

Ha JIIO,lI;H TpefioB8.J1H HaKaaRTb '

6oHp-H3MeHHHKoB

ORR MetITaJIH aaBoeBaTb

POCCHIO , nO,ll;eJIHTb ee II npH

COe,l(HHHTb K CBORM BJIR,ZJ;e

HHHM

• 3am1wH npeAflO>KeHIotSI. rpaq,lo1l-1eCKH 0603Ha'"lb rpaMMaTH4e

CKHe OCHOBbl H cpeAcTsa CBSl3J.1 '"IaCTea:i cno>t<Horo npeAI1o>t<eHJ.1A. • COCTasb cxeMbl npeAno>t<eHJ.1a:i • • nOA'"IepKHJ.1 opcporpaMMbl B KOPHAX cnOB.

282 . npO'"lJ.1Taa:i npeAIlo>t<eHJ.1A • • BblnJ.1WJ.1 CHa4ana npocTble npeAflo>t<eHJ.1A, 3aTeM - cno>t<Hble • • rpacpJ.14eCKJ.1 o603Ha'"lb rpaMMaTJ.14eCKJ.1e OCHOBbl. I

1. POCCHHCKHH <!>JIOTOBOllel\ IIaBeJI CTenaHOBH'l HaxHMoB e~e pefieHKoM nOJIlOfiHJI BO,!];Y OB MHoro H nO,!];OJIry KynaJICSi

CTPOHJI H3 KaMBeR I'JIHBbl Ii neCK8 aanpy,!];hI nyCKB..1I 6yM8>K

Hble KopafiJIHKH. 2. CHa'llana HaxHMOB CJIY jKH Jt I Ha BaJITHKe

T

I,

I

•

nOTOM Ha qepHoM MOpe. 3. HaCTaHHHKOM HaxHMoBa 6bIJ1 nepBOOTKpbIBaTeJIb AHTapKTH,/\hI KRnHTRH MHx8HJI IIeTpoBH'l JIaaapeB. 4. M.II. JIaaapeB H II.C. HaxHMoB Ha TpeXMa'lTOBOM napycHoM

2 CY,ll;He cOBepWHJIH KpyrocBeTHoe nYTemecTBHe.

. (IIo B.H. COlt08bii8y)

• CocTasb cxeMbl OAHoro npocToro 101 oAttoro cno>t<Horo np~_ nO>KeHIo1J1. CKonbKo CMblcnOBblX oTpe3Ko8 B CnO>KHOM "peATlO>t<eHJ.1J.1? KaK Tbl 3TO onpeAenJ.1n? • Ha~ 101 Bblnlo1WH cnOBa, nOCTpoeH_ Hble no cxeMaM:I~ /\0 , I~ I\[J. nOA6epH 101 3anHWIo1 no 2-3 cnosa C TaKIo1MIo1 >t<e cxeMaMIo1.

CJlOatBOe npenJIoaceHHe COCTOHT H3 UeCKOJIbKHX qacTeA _

CMhlCJIOBhlX oTpeaKoB, Ofi'he,ll;HHeHHhlx no CMldCJIY Ii e,o;HHOH

HHToHan;HeR aaBepmeHHH. KaJK,lJ;hlH CMhICJIOBOH oTpeaoK B

HeM HBJISieTCSI npOCThlM npe,lJ;JIO>KeHHeM.

't{aCTH CJIOJKHOro npe,l.l;JIO>KeHHH MOryT Coe,ltHHSiTbCH C nOMO

UJ;blO HHToaan;HH HJIB: C nOMO~blO HUTOHa.D;HH H COlOaOB.

'tJaCTH CJIO>KHoro npe,n;JIOmeHHSI p8a,lJ;eJISiIOTCJI ua DHCbMe aB8.KaM.H npenHHB.HHJI. ,

IIemyl.uo/C Y?OMO/tU8CS. jjJ,jI& Jamux. u Jll!llQ sa6blJlCS.

I (A.C.IIymKlm) [ - ~ p, [ - ~ 1', H [ - ~ 1'.

283. CnJ.1WIo1, BCTaSnJlA nponyw.eHHble 6YKSbl, 3HaKI1 npenl1HaHHA •

B MocKBY C nOCJIe,lJ;Hero H_ 'lIJIera

JI_x8Si TPORK8 M'lIHT MeBSI.

MOP030M CKOBaHa 3_MJIJI

no BeH, 3Byqa, K8THT TeJIera3.

'lIero-To JR.D;eT .D;yma MOH •••

CKBoab CJIea rJI_lftY Ha IIpeBHHH rpRI\ ' . BOT OH, cBJl;eTeJIb B_JIH'lIaBhlH

H PYCCKHX 6ell H PYCCKOH CJIaHhI H I'OpeC_HhIx MOHX YTpaT ...

(H.H. Klt/oULHU/c08)

• COCTaBb CXeMbl CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHHH . • rpacpw"4ecKH 060· 3HaLtb ycnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKoB. /

II OpHiJOK pa360pa CJW:JICnOZO npeoJW:JICenUR

1. BH,n; npeAJIOmeHHSI no II;eJIH BbICKa3bIBaHHSI (noBecTBoB8-

TeJlbHOe, II06y,n;HTeJIbHOe, BonpocHTeJIbHoe).

2. BH,II npewrolKeHHH no SMOI\HOHIIJILHOH oKpacKe (BOCKJIH

n;aTeJIbHOe HJIH HeBOCKJIHll,aTeJIbHoe).

3. CJIOlKHoe. 4. KOJIHtIecTBO tI8CTeii B COCTaBe CJIOmHOrO npe,lVIOmeHHSI,

HX rpaHHII;hI (BbI,n;eJIHTb rpaMM8THtIeCKHe OCUOBbI B tIaCTSlX

CJIomuoro IIpe,n;JIOmeHHSI). 5. Cpe,llCTBa CBH3H qaCTeH (HHToHaI\HH, COI03L1).

6. 3HRKH npenHHaHHH. 7. CxeMa npe,llJIOlKeHHH.

06pa3e[j pa360pa CJlO:JICH.OZO 1}peoJlo:JICenUR

Bbtlta 3uMa l • 11.0 Bce noclteanue anu cm08,1la ommeneJu,2"

(ll.A. BYHHH)

(IIpe,n;JIomeHue IIOBeCTBOBaTeJIbHoe. HeBOCKJIUU8TeJIbHOe,

CJIOmHOe, COCTOHT H3 ,n;Byx tIaCTeH, qaCTH coe,n;HHeHbI COlO30M

DO H HUTOUanHeH.)

[- =]1,HO[= -]'.

284. npOLtHTaH TeKCT . • CnHwH, pacKpblBaSl cK06KH, paccTaBnSlSl 3HaKH npenHHaHHst . • BblnonHH pa360p cno)t(HblX npeAIlOmeHHH. CocTaBb HX cxeMbl.

lI,BeT He6ocKJIOHa (He)H3MeHJleTCH BeCL ,IIeHL HHr,lle (He)ry-" CTeeT rp03a. Ho Koe-r,n;e TSlUYTCSI cBepxy BUH3 rOJIy6oBaTbIe

iIOJIOCbI ceeTCSI e,Zl;Ba 38.MeTUbIH ,ZI;Om,Zl;b. K Beqepy 06JI8.K8 HCtIel-

3alOT HO cuaqaJIa JIomaTCSI P030BbI MH KJIy6aMH HanpOTHB

3axO,l1;SI~ero COJIHll,a. Anoe CHSlDHe CTOHT ue,l1;oJIroe BpeMSI HM 3eMJIeH.

(ITo H.C. TypZeH.e8Y)

152

.,.

I

I

,

\

285. CnumH TeRCT, BCTaBJISlSI npony:m;eHHhIe 6YXBhI,

paCRpbIBaSl cRo6KH Ii paCCTaBJISISI 3HaKH npeIIHuaUHSI.

H _CJIe,l1;HHK 2 TYTTH HHKOr,l1;a (ue)CJIbImaJI B_CeJIOroJ

3BOHKOro CMexa. TOJI KO HHor,n;8 AO Hero ,I1;OH CUJICSI XOX T

K8.Roro-HH6Y,Zl;b n_SlHoro KOJI6acUHKa HJIH CaMHX T_JICTSIKOB.

Ho pa3Be 3TO Momuo 6LIJIO H83B8Tb 1 cMexoMI STO 6hIJI

YlKac HLIH peB H TyTTH OqeHL nyrllJICJI.

YJIhl611JIaCL TOJILKO KYKJIa HO yJILI_Ka KYKJILI' (He)Ka3l1JIaCL T _JICTSlKaM onac_HoH. H K p oMe Toro, KYKJI8 M_JIqSJI8. OHa

(He)MOrJIa 6L1 pa_ cKa3aTL H_ CJIe,llHHKy TyTTH 0 MHOrHX B_lI1ax . OR HHqerO (ue)3H8JI 0 HapO.D;e 0 H_:m;eTe 0 r_JIO,ll;HhIX ,I1;eTHX 0

KpecT_SlHax.

TPH T_JICTHKS X_TeJIH B_CIIHT8Tb 3JIoro mecTOKoro H_CJIe,l1;-HHRa. ,

(ITo IO.K. OAewe «Tpu TOACmJllca»)

• BblnonHH pa360p CnO>KHbIX npeAllO>KeHHH.

286. npOLtHTai1 TpH rpynnbl npeAllO>KeHHH. C KaKoH u,enbfO Hcnonb3YfOTCS. 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI B Ka>Kp.oH rpynne? • KaKHe 3HaKH npenHHaHHst Tbl 3Haewb? • KaK 6bl Tbl HX KnaccHcpHL.V<1-pOBan?

I. 1. fl 3,11ecL! ,ll;a 3,11PRBCTBYeT MocKBa! BOT He6eca MOH po,llHLle! (H.M • .!I3LIKOB)

2. CTOJIUU;S ,lI;peBHSlSl, POAU8S1, ee JIb He Be,ll;8eT CTpaua? (K.C. AKcaKoB)

3. PYCb repOSlMH 6oraTa, CJIOBHO BbIJIHTa OHa H3 rpaHHT8

H 6YJIaTa, H npHXOAa cynocTaTa He 60HTCSI BCSI cTpaH8. (,n.LI. MHRReB)

4. HH oruSl, UH qepaOH xaTbI, r.rrymb H CHer •.• (A.C. nymKUR)

II. 1. He 3aMOJIKHYT 0 Te6e BHT,m*, JIHPLI 0 Te6e He 3aMOJIqaT. (C.A. COJIOBLeB)

2. MocKBa - 6eJIOKaMeHHaSl, 3JIaTOrJIaB8S1, xJIe60COJIbH8JI.

3. YJIeTB.lOT nTHIl,LI 3a MOpe, MHHOB8JIO BpeMH maTB, ua XO

JIO,llHOM cepoM MpaMOpe JIHCTLH lKeJITLle JIelKaT. (LI.A. Kep;pUH)

153 \ \

III. 1. H nHmy BaM, MOll ,lI;OpOrHe, H3 ,lI;8.JlbHHX «paeB.

2. llIaxM8Tbl, 6eccnopHo, C'IHT81OTCH OAHOH H3 c'8MblX

YBJIeKaTeJIbHblX Hrp.

287. PaccMoTp101 Ta6muJ.Y • • OxapaKTep1013YH 3HaKH npen101HaHHM.

AnR HnmOCTpalV'l101 Hcnonb3YH CBOH npHMepbl .

~

3HaKH npenHHaHHH KaKYIO POJIb HrparoT

TO'lKa

BonpOCHTeJIbHblH aHaK

BOCRJIHn;aTeJIbHbIH 3HaK

MHoroTOQHe

3anSJ.TaSJ.

TOqKa C aanHToH

KaBbl'lRH

,lI;Be aanHTble

aaBepmeHHe

paa,ll;eJIeSHe

BbI,lI;eJIeHHe

288. nOAroToBb YCTHoe C006w,eH101e Ha TeMY <<3HaK101 npen101HaH1o1R H 101X ponb B n101cbMeHHoH pel.(101)). '-'1cnonb3YH MaTep101-

an ynp. 246, 247 H Ta6nHLlY ynp . 287 .

289. npOLlHTaH TeKCT • • HaHAH 101 nOALlepKH101 CMblcnOBble oTpe3-K101, pa3AeneHHbie H BblAeneHHble 3HaKaMH npen101HaH1o1R. KaKHe 3TO

1

I

I'

J

CMblcnOBble oTpe3K101? ,.

,11;OKTOP nO,ll;omeJI K MOJIO,ll;OH meHUJ;l:IHe C cepoH KomKoR Ha

PYRax H CnpOCHJI: _ l..{TO 3,l1;eCb npOHCxO,ll;HT? IIo'leMY HapO,ll;Y TaR MHoro?

_ KameTc.H, rBap,ll;eHD;bI He BbInYCKaIOT JIlO,lI;eH ria ropO,ll;a ,

OHH aaRpblJIH rOpO,ll;CKHe BopOTa. _ H HH'IerO He nOHHMaIO, rpam,ll;aHKa, H npomy MeHSJ. npoc·

TIITb ••• _ BbI, HaBepHOe, He aHaeTe. CerO,ll;HH opymeHHHK IIpoc ne

po II rHMHaCT TH6YJI nOBeJIH HapO,ll;, OHH XOTHT B3HTb mTYp

MOM ABope~ Tpex TOJICTHKOB. -(ITo IO.K. OAellle «Tpu ToJtCmRlw.) ,

I

290 . ..!=n101wH, pa3AellRR TeKCT Ha npeAllO>KeH101A 101 paCCTaamu, 3HaKI1 npen101HaHI1A • • r paq:,HLlecK101 nOKa>K.lo1 CMblcnOBble OTp e3K101 , KOTopble pa3AemnOTCA 3HaKaMH npen101HaHHR .

JIeT nHTb TOMY Ha38A ' Ha .lLpore H3 MOCKBLl B TYJIY np _

mJIOCb MHe npoc~eTb nOllTH n;eJIbIH ,lI;eHb H3-aa He.lLcTaTK8

JIOm~eH H BoaBp_~aJICH C OXOTbI H lIMeJI HeocT-1)OJKHOCTb

OTnpaBHTb COOIO TPOHKY Bnepe,ll;.CMOTPHTeJIb* aa Bce MOH ma.

JI06bl H npoc_6bJ OTB_ lI8JI OTPbtBHCTbIM BOpqaHHeM B cep_ Qax

XJIonaJI ,lI;Bep_IO II 6P_ HHJI SlMlQHKOB, SI paaa TP M yme np_HH

MaJIeR nHTh qaH H eCKOJIb K O p aa nbIT8JICH a_cHYTb, n p_ qeJI Bce

Ha_IlHCH3 Ha ORHax oC x _JIO,rJ;HbIM II 6eaH8,lJ;eJKHLlM OTQaSIHHeM

rJJ~eJI SI na or'JI06JIH CBoero Tap8..HTaC8.raO BOT 3 _3BeHeJI K _ JIO

KOJIb I UU(2 H He60JIbmaSi TeJIer'a OCT_ HOBHJIaCb n epe,ll; K P bIJIb-

:U;OM. .}

(Ila H.C. Typzeneey «( 3anucI(u oxomnUKa»)

KruoqeBbl e CJlOBa TeMbl :

CJIO>KHOe npe,o;JIo.meHA.e

CHHTaKCHttecKHH pa360p 3H8KH 3aBepmeHUJI

paa,o;eJIHTeJIbHble 3H8KH

BhI,ll,eJIHTeJIbHble 3HaRH

§ 31. CpeAcTla CBUH 'faCTeH cnOIKHoro npeAnolKeHHA

CO'fHHHTen"Hall C8113" MelKAY 'faCTIIMH cnOIKHoro npeAnolKeHHII. CnOIKHOCO'fHHeHH",e npeAnolKeHHII

(olHaKoMneHHe)

291 . npOLlHTaH npeAllO>K.eH101A • • '-'13 CKOllbKHX LlaCTeH (CMbIC-1l0BbiX OTpe3KOB) COCTOHT nepBoe npeAllO>K.eHlo1e? A BTopoe? KaKlo1e 3TO npeAllO>K.eH101JI: npocTble 101n1o1 CnO>K.Hble? AOKa>KH • • MO>K.HO nH 3ClAaTb Bonpoc OT OAHOH LlaCTH npeA110>KeH101JI K APyroH? KaK101M1o1 cpeAcTBaMH coeA101HAIOTCR LlaCT101 1-ro npeAllo>Ke

H101M? A 2-ro? • nonpo6yi1 cAenaTb BbIBOA: Ha OCHOBe KaKoH CBA3101 Me>KAY LlaCTAMH (Col.(101H1o1TellbHoH 101n1o1 nOALlHH101TellbHoH) CTPORTCA 3TIo1 npeAllO>KeH101JI?

1. IIpoapa'lHbIH :!Jec O,o;UH lIepHeeT, H.-e.nb CRD03b uueii ae

JIeBeeT, H .peqKa nOIlO JI"IIOM j5JIeCTHT. (A.C. IIywKHH) 2. Sa

I

CTaHII,HeH B I'JIaa8 YAapHJIO SlpKOe Beqepaee COJIHII,e, HO ,AaJIb

me CTOaJI TeHHCTbIH JIee. (M.A. BYHHH)

292. np0,",HTaH TeKCT B paMKe. CpasHH eBoH BbiBOA C BblSOAOM,

AaHHblM B feKeTe. KaKaA H08aA HHq,OPMaI..4HA B HeM COAep>KHTCA?

ECJIIi qaCTIi CJIOlKHOrO npellJIOlKeHHll pllllHonpaBHbI (TO eCTb OT QAHOH qaCTH He aa,n;aeTCSl Bonpoc K APyroii) 1-1 AJUI coeAHHeHHH qacTeii HCnOJIb3yroTCSI COlO3bI H, a, HO, HJIH, Aa H HHTORa

nUSl, TO TaROe CJlmKHoe npe,lVlOmeBue a83bIBaeTCH cJloJICaoco-

'IHlIeHHhlM. lJaCTH CJIO:atHOCO'lHHeHHOro npe,o;JIOmeHHH as nHCbMe pa3-

AeJUllOTCSl aanHToH. ,llaepb mUXOHbK:O 3aCKpUneJla. u 8 ceem.n.uqy 8xQ8um YJY!Q.

(A.C. TIYWKHH) [- -1'. H [- -]'.

293 . npO'"lHTaH. PaccTasb HeAocratoLLl,lo1e 3HaKH npenHHaHHsL • Bee 11101 npeA110>KeHHA, npeAcTasl1eHHble B AaHHoM ynpa>KHeH

HH,

cno>t<HoCO'"lHHeHHble? 060CHyi:1 eBoH OTBeT . • Cm~wl-t npeAflo)t{e

HHfI c paccrasIleHHblMI-t 3HaKaMI-t npenl-tHaHl-tfi.

1. rpo6 KaqaeTCSI XPYCT8JIbHblfl . H B XPYCT8JIbHOM rp06e

TOM cnRT napeBH8 Be'tlHhlM CBOM. 2. B TeMBHne TaM napeBH8

TYlKHT~a 6YPblH BOJIK eH BepHO CJIYlKHT. 3. CTap"K JIOBHJI HeBOIlOM Pbl6~CTapyxa np"JIa CBOIO npIIlKY' . 4. BIlPyr paa,lI;BJICSI JIerKHH 3BOB1I B rJI83aX Y Bceli CTOJIHnbl neTymoK

2

cnopxHYJI co cnHnbl. 5. IToBapHxa no6JIellHeJIa,06MepJIa " OKpHBeJIa. 6. BeTep a8 Mope rYJISleT H KOP86JIliK nO,ll;rOHHeT.

(A.C. TIymKHH)

• CocraSb cxeMbl 1, 2, S-ro npeAflO>KeHI-tH . , 294. Cocrasb I-t 3anl-tWl-t CnO>KHOco"tI-tHeHHble npeAflO>KeHl-tfi 1-t3

cneAytoUJ.l-tx CMblCIlOBblX orpe3KoB, I-tcnonb3Yfl COt03bl H, i, HO,

MnH, Ai.

1. MelKllY TeM aaTPy6HJIH pora 2. ,n;0JI1'0 OHH TaR CKaRllJIH

••• OXOTHIIKH nYCTHJlllCb CKB

KaTb BO BCro npblTh

•• • Mem8 OT IlliX He OTCTaB8.Jl

, t

. , ,

•

3. EMY aTO nOK838JIOCh

CMemHO

4. TIonyraH CMOTpeJI Ha Anemy 11 XJIon8JI r nB38MB

5. OTBOpHJIaCb 60KOBall IIBepb

6. MaJIeHWall HeCKpOMHOCTh JIHmHT Te6sr HaBCer,ll;B

HaInHX MHJIOCTeii

••• OB H3 Yl.J:THBOCTH He CK8-

3M HH CJIOB8

••• cepM KOIllKa onRTb YMhI

BaJJ8Ch nanRaMH

••• Bomno MHomeCTBO Ma

JIeBbKHX JIIO,lI;eii

... HaM Ha,ll;eJI8eT MHO

meCTBO XJIOnOT

(Ilo A IIo2opeJLbcICoMY «fjepu4Jl. 1Cypu~a. UJLU IIod3eMHbt.e JlCumeJt.u»)

• CocraBb cxeMbl Bcex npeAllO>KeHHH. YeM 6YAer ornH"tarbcfl cxeMa 4-ro npe,QJ10>KeHl-tfi or APyrHx?

)

295. npO"tIo1TaH reKcr, pa3Aenl-t ero Ha a63au,bl . • Cnlo1wlo1, ., paccraBIlfifi HeAOCratOL..:.I,He 3HaKIo1 npenHHaHIo1S1, BcraBIlfifi npony

w.eHHble 6YKBbl • • CocTaBb cxeMbl CnO>KHOco"tI-tHeHHblx npeAnO>KeHHH . • Cocrasb cxeMY npeAIlO>KeHHfI c npSl MoH pe"tblO.

<ttHJIhK8 T_ m;HJI 6yxaHKiJ

CBemero XJIe68 a M8JIeHbKHH

M8JIbl.J:HK HHKonK8 ,lLPm8JI C_JIOHKY C KpynHoH >K_JITOH co

JI_IO. KOHb l Bblmen H3 C8pasI BT_ H yJI rOJI_BY 3apm8JI - ~ysrJI 38II_X xJIe6a . HJIhK8 p83JI_ MJ.IJl 6 yxa HKY nOC_ JIHJI xJIe6

1 H3

C_JIOHKH H npoT_ByJI KOHIO. Ho KOHb x JIe6a ( He)B3HJl Hal.J:8JI

nepe6HpaTh H_rBMH nOnHTHJIC8 B c8pa H. Tor,.o;8 HJIbKa !'pOM

KO 38llJIBK8JI. A II8HKpaT nOTp_OaJI KOHH no mee H CK_38JI

HJIbK8 He 3JIOH l.J:eJIOBeK. BePH x JIe6 , MJ)HCb! KOHh nOMOT8JI

r_JI_BOH nOTOM OCTJX>>KHO BhlT_HYJI m elO H B3HJI xJIe6 H3 PYK HJIbKH MSl_ KHM H ry6aMH. HJIbKa yXMhIJI8JIC8 CKB03b CJIe-3hI a KOHb meB8JI x JIe6 <phIPK8JJ.. OH C'beJI Becb xJIe6 nOJI_>KHJI

rOJI_BY HJIbKe a8 llJIetlO H Bce 3aYJIbl6aJIHCb.

(II 0 K.r. II aycmo6CICOMY (cTenJLbt.u x.n,e6" )

- • HaHAH H BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble cIloBa, BblAem-t KopeHb .

&eCCOI03HaA CBA3b MelKAY 'IaClAMM CnOIKHOrO

npeAnOlKeHMA. &eCCOI03Hb,e CnOIKHb,e npeAnOlKeHMA

(03HaKOMneHHe)

296. np04101TaH Bcnyx npep,nO>KeHIo1R • • ~3 CKOl1bKHX '"taCTeH (cMblcnoBblx Orpe3KOa) OHM eCCTOAT? KaKlo1e 3TO npep.nO>KeHHSI - npOCTble lo1""t CnO>KHble? • nonpo6YH nOMeHRTb Mec

TaMH 4aCnt 1-ro npeAflO>KeHJ.1R, 2-ro npeAflo>t<eHHR - '"ITO

nOllYLlHnOCb? CAenaH BbIBOA: KaKHe CMblcnOBble OTHoweHHR Bblpa

>KatOTCR Me >KAY 4aCTRMI-t npeAno>t<eHIo1H? • np .... nOMoUJ,H KaKHX

cpeAcTB COeAJ.1HSUOTCR LfaCTI1 AaHHbix npeAflO>KeHJ.1H B YCTHOH pel..od • npl-i nOMOUJ,1-i '"tero OHM pa3AemliOTCR Ha n"'CbMe?

1. JIoma,n;H TPOHYJIHCb, KOJIOKOJlbtUlK aaaBeHeJI, KH6HTKa no

JIeTeJIa.

2. CTapHK JIOBHJI HeBOtJ;OM pbl6y, cTapyxa npHJIa CBOIO

npSllKY· (A.C. II yutICult)

297. npO .... HTaJ:1 TeKCT B paMKe. CpasHH eBOH BblBOAbt C AaHHoH HHcpopMal.v"eH.

lJacTH CJIOmHOrO npe,nJIOmeHHH MoryT coeJJ;HHSlTbCSI 6e3

COI030B, npH nOMOI:QH CMhICJIa H HHTOHau,HH. , ~ ECJIH qaCTH CJIOmHOro npe,lVIOmeHHSI coe.z:r;HHSlIOTCSI TOJIbRO

no CMbICJIY H HHTOH8~HH, TO TaRoe CJIOmHOe npe.z:r;JIOmeHHe

H83bIBaeTCSI 6eccoJOaHIdM.

lJacTH 6eCCOlO3Horo npe,ll;JIOmeHHSI Ha nHCbMe p83,lJ;eJIHIOT

CH aanSlToH.

BblOza 3Jl.UmCJl, 8blQZa n.na'tem. ICOffU 'tymKue xpanJlm. (A.C. IIymKHH)

[ - - )', [- -)', [ - -)'.

298. npOLfHraH . • Paccraab HeAOCTatOLl.V1e 3HaKH npenHHaHHR. • Bee nH npeAflO>KeHHR, npeAeraaneHHble a AaHHOM ynpa>KHeHHH, 6eeeOto3Hbie enO>KHble? 060eHYH eaoH OTaeT . • CnHwH npeAllQ-

1

, I

,

>KeHHR . • CoeraBb exeMY oAttoro 6eeeolO3Horo cnO)t(Horo npeArlo>KeHHR.

1. Beqep npHXO,ll;HT2., nOJISl

a rOJIy6eIOT ,aeMJIH CHpoTeeT.

(A.A. TapKoBcKHii) 2. TeTymKa raHHMell THXO nOIlKpaJIaCb K ,lJ;BepSlM MacTepCKoH 3arJISlHYJI8 B m;eJIRY. 3. $I He JII06JIIO JIe

TaTb SI 60IOCb Tpex TOJICTSIKOB SI He YMeIO YKpamaTb napllJlHhle TOpTbI. 4. IIpolIBBel\ mapoB CHlleJI B l\apCTBe mOKOJIllJIa, aneJIb' CHROB, rpaHaTOB KpeM8 I IJ.YK8TOB*. 5. ,l1;YJI CHJIbHhIH BeTep ,JIe

TeJI8 llbIJIb BhlBeCKH paCRaqHB8JIHCb FI cKpe.meTaJIHl mJIHllbI

CPhIB8.JIHCh C rOJIOB Ii K8THJIHCb no,lJ; KOJIeCa aKHnameH. 6. BeTep YCHJIHBaJICH Kyqa mapoB IlO~HHM8.JIaCb BCe BhIme H BbIme. (IO.K. OJIema)

I . • HaHAH·tt o603HaLfb opcporpaMMbl-rnacHble TOPT - TOPTbl

, 101 opc:porpaMMbl-cornacHble 6YKBbi B npHeraBKax .

f 299. Coerasb 1013 AaHHblX LfaCTeH CnO)f(Hble 6ecCOlO3Hbie "peA-nO>KeHHR. • 4TO nOMO>Ker Te6e onpeAenHTb nocneAoBarenbHoCTb pacnOnO>KeHHR LfacreH S 6eccolO3HOM CnO>KHOM "peAllO>KeHHH? • 3anHWH, paccrasb 3HaKH npenHHaHJ.1R.

1. KHH3b rBH,ll;OH aOBeT HX 1. npHCT8IOT K 3aCTaBe I'OCTH

B rOCTH (A.C. IIymKHH)

J!. BOJIHbI MOPSI 31U<JIy6HJIHCb

3. OrOHeK ropHT CaeTJIee

4. rOpO,ll;HHQUH BbIe3maeT B

TYtP.1ISlX, B maDKe MexoBoii,

C cOTHeH CTpa.>KH ropo,ll;CKOH

5. SlCHhIH nOJI~eHb HacTynaeT

_ 6. CKa3K8 BCKope )f{e Hat{

HeTC.R

2. Kopa6JIH H3 rJIa3 COKPblJIHCb ..

3. rOp6YHOK 6elKHT cKopee

4. BOT 06e,ll;HSI HacTynaeT

5. IJ;apb-lIeBHl\a nOllnJIblBaeT, BXO,ll;HT c ryCJIHMH B ma

Tep H CIlJIHTCSI 3a npH60p

6. aTO rrpHCK83Ka Be~eTCH .. (II.II. EpmOB)

• Cocrasb cxeMbl 4-ro H S-ro npeAJ10)f(eHHH.

300. Cm1WJ.1, SCTasnAR nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbi J.1 HeAOCTatolJ.l,J.1e 3anATble • • rpacpw"'leCKJ.1 0603Ha4b ycnOSJ.1R sbl60pa

opcporpaMM Ha MeCTe nponycKos 6YKS.

K_JI_KOJI8 B POCCHH nO_BHJIHCb nO'tl_TH O,lJ;HOBpeMeHHo C

IIp_HHTHeM XPHCTU8BCTB8 OHH nOM_maJIMCb Ba BblCOKHX

3BOHHHU;ax2 H 3BOH 6b1JI CJIblllIeH ,ILJIeKO B OKPYre. K_JI_ KOJIb

Hblii" 3BOH C_ IIYTCTBOBaJI "'_3HH Hamero HapoAa OH C_3hIB8JI

BepylO~Hx Ha 6orOCJIymeHHe OB Bblpam8JI TJ>mecTBo 6oro

CJIYmeHHSl. 3BOHOM OnOB_~aJlCH HapaA 0 aec'tlaCTLe B Tp_rH

'tIeCKHe ,lJ;HM ,o;JISl POAHHbI 3BOHOM np_3hIB8.JIH Mym'tlHH aa 3a

~HTy OretIeCTB8. K _Jl_KOJIbHhIX ,o;eJl M_cTepas BKJI6,lJ;"bIB8JIH

B CBOR) TBopeHHSI ,o;ymy Kam,o;bIH KOJl_KOJI HMeJI CBOe HMSI.

BeAb K K_JI_KOJIy OTH_CHJIHCb, KBl( K .>K_BOMY cy~ecTBy H

K_JI_KOJIa OTB_ 'lI8..Jlli JIIOASIM Ha HX JII060Bb .lL6POM. COXP_HM

JIOCb MHomeCTBO np~aHHH 0 TOM, K8I< I<_JI_KOJla caMM H8't1H

HMH 3B _ RHTb B MHHYTY OORC _ HOCTH.

• BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble cnOBa, pa36"epJ.1 J.1X no cocTasy .

OAHOBpeMeHHO •

O,lJ;HOBpeMelll!O

nOA""H"TenbHall (B1I3b MelKAY "acTIIM" (nOlKHOr~ npeAnOlKeH"". CnOlKHonOA""HeHHble npeAnOlKeH""

(03HaKOMneH"e)

301 . npO'"tJ.1TaM npeAno>t<eHJ.1A . • 1-13 CKOnbKJ.1X '"taCTei:1

(CMblcnOBbiX OTpe3KOB) OHJ.1 COCTosn? KaKJ.1e :no npeAno>t<e

HHR - npOCTbie HnH CnO>KHble? • MO>KHO nH 3aAaTb Bonpoc OT

OAHOi:1 '"taCTJ.1 nepsoro cno>t<Horo npeAIlO>t<eHJ.1S1 K APyroi:1?

A aT OAHoi:1 4aCTH SToporo CnO>KHoro npeAllO>KeHHR K APYroi:1? • BCnOMHJ.1, KaK B cnOBOC04eTaHJ.1H Ha3blBaercSI enOBO, OT KO-

Toporo 3aAaeTCR Bonpoc K APyrOMY cnosy. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb,

KaKYto 4acTb MO>KHO Ha3saTb rnaBHOM B 1-M CnO>KHOM npeAIlO>KeHJ.1H, so 2-M? A KaKaSl 4aCTb RBnSleTCSI 3aBJ.1CJ.1Mo~1? (8 cno>t<HOM

npeAflO>KeHHH ee Ha3blBatoT npHAllTo'tHOH 'IaCTbtO.) • npH nOMO-

I W,H KaKJ.1X cpeACTS COeAJ.1HAtoTCA 4aCTH CnO>KHOrO npeAllO>KeHJ.1S1?

,

. ,

I -

,

iKMJI8 BOPOH8 B a8KOJIOQeHHoM H8 3HM)' JI8pbXe,

r,lJ;e JIeTOM npo,o;8B8JIH MopomeHoe. OH8 a86HB8JIa

KJIIOBOM B ~eJIH JIapbK8 Bce CBOM 60raTCTBa, tIT06hI HX He p8aBOpOB8.JIH Bopo6bH.

(K.r. Ilaycmo8clcuu)

302. np04J.1Tai:1 TeKCT B paMKe. CpaBHH CBOH BblSOAbl C CPOPMY_ nJ.1pOBKaMH TeKCTa.

ECJIH tIBCTH CJIOmHOro opeAJIOmeBHH coeAHHeHhI nOA'tIHHH_

TeJIbHOH CBSlablO (TO eCTb OT OAHOH 'laCTH MomHO nOCT8BHTb

Bonpoc K tJ;pyrOH) npH OOMO~H CJIOB l£mo. ltm06bl. nomOMY ltmo, eC.1lU_ICm,. H:OZaa. zae. IComopblU HAP. H HHTOHS.Il;HH, TO

TaRoe CJIOmHoe ope,lJ;JIOmeHHe Ha3hIB8eTCH CJlOmBOnOA'IHHeH_ BMM.

li8CTH CJIO.>KHOnOA'tIHHeHHoro npeAJIOmeHHH aa nHCbMe paa,lJ;eJISIIOTCH 3aOSlToH.

lJ.. 3Ha.1l. ltmo CKOPO nacmynum 8eltep.

""" [- J l'. ('ITO t~ _)2.

303. np04J.1Tai:1 . nOKa>KH rpacpJ.1'"tecKH, 4TO Bce AaHHbie npeA110->KeHJ.1S1 cno>KHOnOALfJ.1HeHHble, onpeAenJ.1, KaKaR H3 LfacTei:1 rnaBHaSl, "KaKaR - npJ.1AarO'"tHaR • • CocTasb cxeMbl npeA110>KeHHi:1.

1. TYT TOJIhKO Anem8 aaMeTHJI, liTO B03JIe norryrasr CTOSlJla

KpOBaTb C 6eJIhIMH K HceHHhIMH* 3aHaBecK8MH. 2. Anem8 YBH

tJ;eJI tJ;Be <pap<popOBbJe:! KHTBHcKHe KYKJIhI, KOTOPblX B'tIepS OR

He 38MeTHJI. 3. Oa CaM He 3aMe'tl8.JI, KaR CJIeaKHI OAHS a8 APY

rolO BbIK8TbIBMHCb H3 ero rJI8a. 4. B 3TOT AeHb ytlHTeJIb rpo-

3HJI eMY HSKa38HHeM, eCJIH HS APyroe yTpO ae BbIY'lHT OR ypOK8. (ITo A. ITorOpeJIbCKOMY)

304. npo4HTai:1 • • BblnHwH, paccTasnSlSl 3HaKJ.1 npenHHaHHR, CHa-4ana cnO>KHOnOA4J.1HeHHble, a nOTOM CnO>KHOC04HHeHHble npeAllo>KeHHR.

I 161 \

1. KyxapKa paCCepAHJIaCh H aanpaBHJIaCh K YtJHTeJIIO HO

Arrerna He AonYCTHJl ee. I 2 . .H Teneph BCnOMHHJJ 'ITO '1HT8.JI B

O)J;HOH KHHatKe 0 rHOMax. 3. "yQHTeJlb 3a,na n BblyqHTb B aH-

3YCTb HeCKOJIbKO CTpaHIUJ, H3 BCeMl'lpBOH HCTOPHH a OB He

3HM ern;e HH OABoro CJIOBa! 4. BHYTpeHHHH rOJIOC eMY r OBO

pHJI 'tITO OB He aaCJIymHBaeT nOXB8.Jlb[. 5. He,l\eJIb qepea rneCTh

A.JIema Bhl3AOpOBeJI H BCe npoHCXO,l\HBmee CHUM nepe)J; 6oJIe3-

HblO 3s6b1J10Cb. (ITo A. IToropeJlbCKOMY)

30S. CocraSb 1013 AaHHblX '"IaCreH cnO>KHOnOA'"IHHeHHble npeAJ10->KeHHA, Hcnonb3YA cnOBa, AaHHbie B paMKe • • 3anHWH, paccraBb 3HaKH npenHHaHHA • • CocraBb c xeMY 1-ro npeAJ10>KeHHA.

1. .II He nOBepHJI • •• IIymKHH 6b1B8JI B

3THX MeCT8X

2. BclO npeJIeCTb AeTCTBa MbI

nOHHM8eM

' " MbI B3pOCJIeeM

'~ --

3 . .HM~HKH no,nBSl38.JIH KO

JIOKOJILqHKH

4. TpOHK& nOHeCJI8Cb no cHery

5. MeHSl a8XB8THJIa 3Ta KBHra

t.ITO

UT06bl

nOTOMy t.ITO

eCJlH --

KSK

KorA8

rile KOTOPbIH

••• 3BOB Be npHBJIeK

BHBMaHIUI cTopomeii

••• 6J1eCTeJl H HCKP,!JlCli

Ha )J;opore "'j

• • • $I H Hqero He 3HaJI 0

IIPY3bllX IIymKHHs

306. PaCCKa>KH 0 CnO>KHbIX npeAnO>KeHHAX, Hcnonb-3YH onopHytO cxeMY Ha c. 163. npHSeAH CBOH npHMepbl npeAnO>KeHHH.

162

~

r I,

I

,

. ,j,

DpOCTLle H CJlOatHLle npeWIO'ICeHHH

~ ~ '-O)J;Ha rp8MM8TH'l{eCK8fl )J;Be Ii 60JIee

OCHOBa rpaMM8THtIeCKHX OCE; JBbl

----/ ~ CJIO)KHO- CJIOntHO- 6eCCOl03I1hIe

COQHriBHble DOII'lfHeHHb1e ~

'l{aCTH paBDO· 'l{aCTH HepaBHO· CMhlCJI H

np8BBbI npaBHbI HHTOHanHH

+ / ~ HBTOHa~Hfl,

COJ03hl H, a, HO, HJIH,Aa

I'JIaBH8H

~ 3aBHCHMfUI

(npH)J;aTOllaafl)

/ HHTOH~HH,

CJIOBa 'ITO, lITofiLl, nOTOMY liTO,

eCJIH, KaR, Ror,a;a, r,a:e, ROTopLIii

K;UOqeBLl e CJJOBa TeMhI:

lI8CTII C.'lOmHOro npe,ltJIOmeHIUI

COlJl1mITe~'1bHaH CB1I3b

COl{UHI-1TeJILHbIe COlO3LI

CJIO}J{HocolIHHeHHoe npe,a;JlOiKetllfe

6eCCOlO3H8H CBR3b

6eCC0103Hoe CJlO}KHOe npe)J;JIO)f{eHl1e

DO,ltlJ11HHTeJIbH8R CBR3b

rn8BH811 qaCTb

npH,ll,8TOl{S8R l.JaCTb

C!lO)!(HOnO)l'lHHeHIIOe npell.'OlKeHHe

163

5. CnOBO B TEKCTE .~

'" -:J

j

Jlyqme cnOTKHYTbC.fI BoraH, Hememt: CJIOBOM.

(PYCCKaJl. noc.n.o6uq.a) / / ,1'/ pO ,

, {/ .,.#"w- /(j I 1 ~6.d

~14#"".~-:;; «,t'l ~~

§ 32. XYAoIKeeTBeHHblH H HaY~HbIH TeKeT

307. npOYIo1TaH TeKCTbl 101 cpaBHIo1 HX no TaKoMY nnaHY:

1. 4TO o6beAHHSleT 3TIo1 TeKCTbl.

2. B yeM pa3nlo1YHe:

v

,

a) KaKYK) u.enb CTaaHn aaTop? 6) YTO MO>KeT HaHTH AJ1S1 ce6S1 a 3THX TeKCTax YHTaTenb? OAHHa

Koao nlo1 Tbl YIo1Tal1 3TH TeKCTbl? a) KaKHe cnoaa Io1cn0l1b30BaHbi a TeKCTax? 06paTH aHHMaHlo1e Ha

BblAeneHHble cnosa; r) oc06eHHOCTI-t nOCTpoeHIo1S1 npeAJ10>KeHIo1H. 3HaKH npenHHaHHSI

a KOHu.e npeA110>t<eHIo1Io1 •

• 4TO 6bt Tbl nocoaeTOBan XYAO>KHIo1KY, KOTOPOMY HY>KHO HapJ.1-

COBaTb HnnK)CTpa4101K) K Ka>KAOMY TeKCTY?

~

, ~

, ..

1. OmpRO 3.M.eU. CeMeiicm80 Y3IC06bl.e HaH60JIee MHOrO't[HCJIeHa8S1 rpynna COBpeMeHHMX 3Meif.

ronosa 06bI't[ao q~KO OTrpaHWlea8 OT mell II IIOKPhlT8 csepxy KpynHhIMH, CUMMempUIlHO pacnOJLO;)fleHH.blMU l4um"aMU.

BplOUlHble ~um1CU CUJl.bHO BbtmJUtymbl nonepiilc.

Poi} y:JfCu. 06wcn08ennbtU y:JfC BHelIIHHH BHiI. KpYIIHaJI 3MeJI, i}JlU/l.OU 00 140 CM II npu

MepHO 8 3- 5 pa3 fionee KOPOTKHM XBOCTOM ••• BPIOUlHblX U{um·

'tC08 153-193, noox80cm08btX 50- 88 nap ... OtCpactCa sepxJIeii CTOpoHbl TeJI8 Bapbupyemc.R. OT aeJIeHOB8TO-OJIHBKOBOH II OJIUB

KOBo-cepoH ,11;0 KOpHQaeso-6ypoH H nOqTH qepHoH. TIo 60KaM. rOJIOBbl n03MH SHCKOB pacnOJIOmeHO Asa xapaKmepH.btX meJITl:>lX, opaameBblX HJIR 6eJIOS8TblX B qepaOH ORaHTOBRe IIHTH8.

(H 3 K1tUZU A BaH.H.UKOea U op. (~3eJKH.08of}H.ble u npecMbl"a1OU{uecR~)

• KaK Tbl AYMaewb, KHlo1ra, 1013 KOTOPOH a3S1T TeKeT, npeAHa3Ha

yeHa AJ1S1 mo6oro YHTaTel1S1 Hl1H TonbKO AJ1S1 onpeAeneHHoro KPYra YIo1TaTeneH? 06bSlCHH.

2. JIemaJI $I O,D;Ha.m,lJ;hI Ha 6epery, He AYMaJI HH 0 qeM. CMOT

plO...! CICattem JISlrymKa. IIpblmKH cameHHble, caMa ttYMoeaR, xJtonHYJtaCb B TpaBy - H HH 3ByKa. IIoCMOTpeJI SI Ha BO)l;y H Bce

UOHSlJI. IIJIblBeT Y CaMoro 6epera ym. OCTpomHo llJIblBeT, o,o;Ha

rOJIOBa Hapymy. KyeUluHlCa Ha ttepHou nO:HCICe. (B. Baxpe6cKuu, r. Il,bUPep06 «/{yi5iiltlca»)

3. 3MeSl

IIOKYlla Mapm zyiJum B JIecy no rOJIbiM CnacmJl,M, eemeeu, - 6eCD;BeTHa H llJIOCKa,

Jl CUJI'IO B ,o;yUJIe. Jl CUJUO B JIHCTBe TSI.meJIblM,

XOJlOOUbtM CUOM - II lKilY: seCRS 6J1113KS.

] I 7 ~s:."" \ \ \ \~ (~~ 165 \

Ym B 06JIaKaX, Kate cunue 01COH4a,

CKB03HT JLa3ypb ••. IlOACOXJIO Y KopBeif,

Ii MOThIJIeK B rOpJPIeM CBeTe COJIBll.a

llPHUaJI K JIHCTse ... 51 meSeJIIOCh UOA Heif,

.f.[ pa3BHsalO KOJIbll.a, OnMHJIJOCb

TenJLOM JLYl{,eit ... .H MeAJIeHHO UOJI3Y -

H BIiOBb IjBemy, ZOplO, MellJlIOCb,

PJlJlCYCb mo B Meab, mo B 6Up103y.

r,zr;e cyme JIec, rAe MHOro neCTphIx JIHCTheB

H meJIThIX MYX, TaM neCmpbl,it :JICzym - 3Me.fl. 1.JeM map'tle AeHb, qeM MyXH aOJIOTHCTeif -

TeM H,lI;OBHTeif st.

(HA. BynunJ

• KaKl<1e HaY"IHble CBeAeHI<1S1 0 3MeSlX MO>KHO nonY"II<1Tb 1<13 2-ro

1<1 3-ro TeKcToa? SlBllSitOTCSI 111<1 3TI<1 caeAeHI<1S1 rnaaHblM COAep>KaHI<1-

eM TeKCToa? • 06paTI<1 BHI<1MaHl<1e Ha TO, KaK "IaCTO I<1Cn0l1b3yeT

J..1.A. 6YHI<1H B TeKCTe CTI<1XOTaOpeHI<1S1 THpe 1<1 MHOrOTO"ll<1e. non~o-6YH 06bSlCHI<1Tb POllb 3THX 3HaKOB npenl<1HaHHSI B TeKCTe • • Bblnl<1wl<1

1<13 xYA0>KeCTBeHHbIX TeKCToa npeAll0>KeHI<1S1, a KOTOPblX Clloaa

ynoTpe611eHbl a nepeHOCHOM 3Ha"leHI<1I<1. KaKl<1e 1<13 HHX cOAep>t<aT

CKpblToe cpaaHeHHe, TO eCTb SlBllHtOTCSI MeTacpopaMI<1? , 308. npO"lI<1TaH TeKCT. K HaY"lHoH 1<1111<1 K xYAo>t<ecTBeHHoH pe"ll<1

Tbl ero OTHed!Wb? nO'"leMY? 06bSlCHI<1. J.1cn0I1b3yH npl<1 OTaeTe nllaH

H3 ynp. 307.

o 3MestX CJIhIID8..JIH Bce. MaorHe Ha6JIIOAaJIH ux B npupoAe

HJIH B aoorrapKe. OAH8KO He TaK rrpOCTO CKa3aTh, qeM 3Mest

OTJIH'tlaeTCH OT Hw;epHll.hI. ,[(eJIO B TOM, 'liTO Cym;ecTByIOT OO3HO

rHe st~epHn;hI, KOTOPhIX qaCTO nyraIOT co 3MeHMH. Ha BHem

HHX npH3HaKOB samHO cTpoeHHe BeK: y 3Meii OBH cpaCTaIOT

CH, AeJIalOTCH npo3paqHhIMH H npHKphIB810T rJIa3a HaTIo,n;06He

qaCOBOro CTeKJla. OTclO,n;a CTP8BHhIH, HeMHralOID;HH B3rJIH,n;

3MeH, KOTOPhIH rropo,n;HJI B3,n;opHhIe MHeHHH 0 HK06b1 npHCY

m;eM HM I'HrrHOTH-ttecKoM ,n;eiicTBHH. Y Hm;epHIl, (s TOM qHCJIe H

Y 6e3HorHX) pa3SHTbI rrO,lJ,BHmHhIe aenp03pa'tlHbIe BeKH.

\ \ \

. ,

. ,

-

' '-

IIPH JIHH.hKe SCH Koma 3Meu CXO,n;HT O,n;HHM KYCKOM, BhIBO

paqHSaHCb, KaK qYJIOK. CyesepHbIe JIIO,n;H HeOCHOBaTeJIhHO

npIUIHCbIBalOT 3THM .BhInOJI3KaM~ qY,ll;o,n;eiicTBeHHhIe CBOHCTBa.

(H 3 y'te6H.U1,a «300AOZUJI.. OAR 7-zo KJlaCca)

• CpaaHI<1 3TOT TeKCT C HaY'"IHbIM TeKCTOM 1<13 KH""rl<1 «3eMHOBOA

Hble 1<1 npeCMbIKatOU4l<1eCR» (ynp. 307). loiTO 06U4ero Tbl 3aMeTl<1n?

KaKHe pa3111<1'"1""SI B neKCHKe, B nOCTpOeHl<11<1 npeAflO>KeHI<1i1 eCTb B

TeKcTax? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, 0AHHaKoBYtO m1 -u.ellb npecneAoBanl<1

aSTopbl TeKcToB?

309. C<j>opMynHpYH, 4TO 06l1\ero y Y4e6HQ-HaY4HblX (TO ' eCTb TeKCTOS y\.Ie6HI<1KOB) H HaY'"IHbIX TeKCTOB H '"IeM OHI<1 OT11I<1-

'"IatOTCSI.

310. nOAroToBb YCTHblH paCCKa3 Ha TeMY «XYAO>KeCTBeH

HblH 1<1 HaY'"IHbIH TeKCT», I<1CnOnb3YH nnaH cpaSHeHI<1R H3 ynp.

307. KaKoH YCTHOi1 pe'"lbto Tbl 6YAewb nonb30saTbCSI - XYAO

>KeCTBeHHoi1 1<1I11<1 HaY'"IHoH?

KJlIO'leBble CJlOBa TeMLJ:

~----

(Pp) 311. nOAP06Hoe H3nO>KeHHe xYAO>KeCTBeHHoro TeKCTa-OnI<1CaHHR •

~

",fill'

1. npO'"lHTaH 3arnaBl<1e. loiTO Tbl MO>KeWb npeAn0I10>KI<1Tb 0 co

Aep>KaHI<1I<1 TeKCTa no 3arnaSl<1tO?

2. npO'"lHTaH reKCT npo ce6n, onpeAenl-l ero TeMY 1-1 reMY Ka>K

AOH '"IaCTH. OnpeAelll<1, OT '"IberO I1I<1u.a aeAeTcR nOBeCTBOBaHl<1e.

nOAYMai1 HaA CMblcnOM 3arnaSI<1S1 TeKCTa.

3. CocTaBb H 3amtWH nnaH, BblAelll<1 B Ka>KAOH 4aCTH KIltO'"IeBble

CllOBa .

167 \ \

4. nepel.lJ.1TaH Ka>KAYto yaCTb ew.e pa3. 06pan1 BHHMaHHe, KaKHe Kapn1Hbi aSTop pHcyeT CnOBaMI1, KaKHe Hcnol1b3yeT o6pa3bl, CIo1HOHHMbl, cnoaa B nepeHocHoM 3Ha'-leHHH, TO eCTb TO, '"ITO AenaeT 310T reKel xYAO>KeCTSeHHbIM. 06bSlCHJ.1 CMblcn 3arnaBJ.1S1.

5. nepeCKa>K11 Ka>KAYIO 4aCTb TeKCTa C onopoH Ha nnaH H Kmo

'"IeBble cnoaa. (Tbl 6YAewb n0l1b30aaTbCSI YCTHOa1 xYAO>KeCTSeHHoH

pe"blO.) 6. nOA"'tepKHIo1 H 06bSlCHI<1 B Cl10Bax IUY"'4eHHble opcporpaMMbl. 7. HaHAH npeAflO>KeHI-1S1 C OAHOPOAHbIMJ.1 4neHaMM, CnO>KHble

npeAIl0>KeHJ.1S1. 06bSlCHH paccTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHHSI.

CTapbxil I\el\

rYJISIJI H paa no JIecy 1:1 HRTKHYJICH Ha cTapblH orpoMHbIH neHb. Y aToro ITHSI 51 ceJI npHMO Ha 3eMJIlO 1:1 yBH,ll;eJI, l.J:TO BHyr

pH Y Hero OI\Ha TPYX8.. Tpyxy aTY l\eplKHT TOJIbKO TBepl\all ApeBeCHHa 110 KpaHM. 11:3 TPyxH BbIpOCJIa 6epe3Ka H pacnycTH

JIaCh. If MHOmeCTBO MOJIO.D;hlX D;BeTym;HX TpaB nO,I1;HHMaeTC.R C

3eMJIH K 3TOMy orpOMHOMY nRIO, KaK K JIID6HMOMY /1,efJ,y. Ka

KHX 3fJ,eCh TOJIbKO ReT! BC.RKHe KOJIOCKH, rryrOBKH, WHWeqKH

aB ToaKHX Cre6eJIhK8X npHBeTCTBYIOT CTapHKa.

COJIHD;e HarpeJIO ,l(peBHHH neHb, H Ha COJIHeqHbIX IIHTHblm

Kax CH,l(HT KyaHetulKH, Hm;e pHD;bI, 60JIhmHe MYXH H mY:>fFeJIH

D;bI. BHYT.pH nHH :>KHBYT mYCTPbIe MypaBbH. OKpymaIDT neHh

BblCOKHe nanopOTHHKH. Ka:>KeTCH, 'liTO K fJ,06pOMY xoaHHHy

C0 6PaJIHCb rOCTH.

BOT THmHHY OKOJIO nHH IIOTpeBO»tHJIO HemHoe ,l(bIXaHHe

BeTpa, H nanopOTHHKH aameBeJIHJIHCb. IIIentIYT ,ll,pyr ,ll,pyry

JIeCHbIe HOBOCTII, 06MeHHB8IDTCH MbICJIHMH.

M OOHTh HacTyn8eT THmHH8. (IIo MM. IIpuw6uny)

-

. ~

. .

. I

,

§ 33. Y'Ie6Ho-HaY'lHbIH TeKeT. H3Y'lalOI1Iee 'ITeHHe .-312. nOAYMaH, C KaKoH u.eJlbtO MO>t<HO l.jJ.1TaTb YLte6Ho-HaYLtHbIH

TeKCT (HanpYlMep, TeKCT WKOJlbHoro Yl.je6HJ.1Ka HJlYl CnpaBOLtHJ.1Ka).

• nOAl.jepKH J.1 Te CPOPMYJlJ.1POBKJ.1, C KOTOPbIMJ.1 Tbl cornaceH.

•• • 'llTo6bl nOHHTh

•• • 'lITo6bl 3anOMHHTb

• • • 'lITo6bI nO,ll,rOTOBHThCH K nepecK8ay

••• 'llTo 6 hl Hay-quThCR 'lIeM Y-TO .

• • • q To 6 bI Y3H8Tb HOBo e

• •• t{To5 bl pa3BJIetIhCH, OT.n;OXHYTb

.. . IIOTOMY 'liTO HHTepeCHO

... tIT06 bI IIO.rryqHTb y,ll,OBOJIhCTBHe OT tITeHHSI

• • • tITo6bI HaHTH MaTepHaJI .D;JISI C006m;eHHH, ,ll,OKJIa,n;a

313. Tb l y>t<e 3HaeWb, l.jTO nOHHMaHJ.1e TeKCTa Hal.jJ.1HaeTCSI ew,e

AO l.jTeHJ.1S1. npeAnOJlo>t<J.1Tb cOAep>t<aHHe yl.je6Ho-HaYl.jHOrO TeKCTa

MO>t<HO no 3arnaBJ.1tO • • np0l.jJ.1TaH 3arnaBJ.1S1 TeKCTOB. OnpeAeJlJ.1,

J.13 KaKJ.1X yl.je6HJ.1KOB OHJ.1 B3S1Tbl • • LITO MO>t<H,O npeAnOJlO>t<J.1Tb no

3arnaBJ.1S1M 0 COAep>KaHJ.1J.1 J.1 nOCTpOeHJ.1J.1 TeKCTOB? nOSlCHJ.1 XOA C80-

J.1X MbICJleH. ,

,ll;onOJIHlITeJIbHble CBOHCTB8 YMHomeHlISI Ii .n;eJIeHHSI..

TIo.n;rOTOBJIeHH8SI YCTH8SI petIb.

AKTHBHbIH H naCCHBHbIH CJIOBapHbIH a8n8e.

,ll;peBHHH PYCh - CTpaH8 ropo.n;OB •

CaMOCTOHTeJIhHbIe H CJIyme6HbIe tIaCTH petIll.

MeTOI\ np06 " OIDH60K. TIpHpo.n;a rOTOBHTCH K 3HMe.

ABTOP Ii ero repOH.

BhICK83blBaHHSI..

Xy.n;omeCTBeHHbIH H Hayt.IHblH TeKCT •

• KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, n04eMY no 3arnaBJ.1to YLle6HO-HaYLlHoro TeK

CTa MO>KHO npeAnOJlO>KJ.1Tb TaK MHoro: J.1 TeMY, J.1 npJ.1MepHOe CO

Aep>t<aHJ.1e, J.1 nOCTpoeHHe TeKCTa?

314. npOt.tHTaH 3arnaBHe TeKCTa. KaKHe npeAn0110>KeHHSJ 0 ero

COAep>KaHHH Y Te6S1 B03HHKl1H? • Tenepb npot.tHTaa:1 TeKCT npo

ce6S1. HacKonbKo onpaBAanHcb TBOH npeAnOnO)f(eHHSI? • no KaKHM

npH3HaKaM MO>KHO OTHeCTH 3TOT TeKCT K yt.te6HO-HaY'"IHOMY?

PaCCKa3

PaCCKa3 - 3TO petteBOH m a Hp. B HeM roBOPHTCSI 0 K8.KOM-TO

CJIY'Iae, KOTOPLIH npOll30llleJi C IUlTOPOM lIJilI IIPYI"'M qeJIOBe-KOM.

B paCCKa3e MomHO BbI.n;eJIHTb BCTynJIeHHe, 38.BSl3KY, pa3BH

THe .n;eikTBHJl, OCTPbIH MOMeHT (KYJIbMHHaU;HIO), cna.n; .n;eli

CTBHJl, pa3BH3KY H aaKJIIO'leaHe.

(H3 Ylle6nUfca ((l{emCKaR pumOpUfCaJ) noB peOaKlI,UeU T A . JI aObt:HCenCKOu.)

t{To6hl nOHJlTb ytle6ao-H8yqabIH TeKCT, ero Hymao 'lHTaTb

. npo ce6S1 H no XOAY'lTeHHB BhlnOJIHSlTb TaKHe ,lI;eHCTBHSI: •

- aap;aBaTb BonpacbI aBToPY H HCKaTb OTBeTbI B C8MOM

TeKCTe;

- 06paII..J;8Tb BHHMaHHe Ha Te CJIOBa, KOTopble BbI.n;eJIeHhI

mpH<pToM, T8.K KaK OHH JlBJI&IOTCH KJIlOlJeBhIMH;

- nO,lU1MaTb, Ha KaKoH Bonpoc OTBe'laeT Kam.n;hIH a63ao;;

- pemHTb, KaKaH HHCPOPM~HH rJIaSBaH, KaKaSl - BTOpO-

CTeneHH8H.

EcJIH nOCJIe.n;OSaTeJIbHO aanHcaTb BOnpoChI, Ha KOTophIe OT

BeqaeT Kam,lJ;hlH a6a~, nOJIY'lHTCJl DJlaB TeKCT8. IIJIaH nOMO

m eT 3anOMHHTb H nepeCK8a8Tb c o,n;ep m aHHe.

315. npO'"lHraH reKcr B neBoH KonOHKe, orBe'"laSJ Ha Bonpocbl no

XOAY '"ITeHHSJ . L1.enb rBoero '"IreHHSI - nOHSlTb reKCT H Y3HaTb HOBoe

o Sl3blKe H pe'"lH.

TeKCT H BonpOChI no XOAY ttTeHHH

Kam.n;bIH pa3, nOJIb 3YHCb H3bIKOM,

'leJIOBeK npeCJIeAyeT 0ABY 1'13 TpeX

~eJIeH: (ICaICue 3/Ce amo mpu lfeIlU?)

170 \

BonpOCbI K Kam,ZJ;OMY a63a~y

L AJI" KaKHX ~en e li HCnOJIb3yeTc H

"3LIK?

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I. Bonpoc. Hal:lBJIbHaSi q:.opMa (M.n. , eA.q.). qacTb pel:llL 06w;ee rpaMMaTHlJeCKOe 3Ha'tleHHe.

II. MOIXPoJIOI'WIeCKHe npH3HaRH. 1. nOCTOHHHbIe npH3HaKH: a) co6cTBeHHoe H.lIH HapHI:J;aTeJIbHOe; 6) oAymeBJIeHHOe HJIH HeoAymeBJIeHHOe;

B) POll; r) CKJIOHeHHe. 2. HenocToRHHble npH3HaKH:

a) na.n;em; 6) qHCJIO, III. CHHT8KCH'tleCK8H POJIb.

06pa3e4 pa360pa JIel-LU60 KamUmCIt peKa. ($.11. TIO~eB) I. (qTO?) peK8. H.<p. - peK8. HMR cym;. 0603H8'tl8eT npe,u;MeT. II. Mop<j>. Upn3HaKII. 1. IIocT.: H8pHD;. , HeO,u;ym., m.p., 1 CKJI. 2. HenocT.: e.n;. ll., H.n. III. CHHT. POJIh - no,n;JIemam;ee.

M ec mOUMe Hue nOpSlAOK pa360pa I. Bonpoc. H8'G:aJIbH8H gJoPM8 (H.n., e,u;. 'tI.). qacTb pella. 06m;ee rp8MM8TH'tIeCfWe 3H8't1eHHe. II. Mop<pOJIOrWleCKHe npH3H8KII. 1. IIOCToHBHhIe npa3H8KH:

8) p83pH,n;j 6) JIHUO (y JIH'tIHbIX MeCTOHMeHHH); B) 'tlHCJIO (y JIHllBbIX MecToHMeHHH).

2. HenocToHHHbIe npH3HRKH: 8) n8,n;e)Kj 6) 'tJHCJIO (eCJIH eCTb)j B) POI\ (eCJII< eCT.).

III. CHHT8KcH'tJecK8H POJIh. 06pa3e~ pa360pa .H BbLC08bl8aKJCb U3 6PUII.KU U :JICafJHo 8numbl8a1O B ce6R OC8e:JICeH'

HbLU, fJYUlucmbLu B03fJyX. (JI.H. TOJICTOH) I. (ETO?) It. H .4J. - It . MecT.-cym;. YK83bIB8eT Ha JIHI.1;O. II. Mop<p. rrpH3H8KII. 1. IIOCT.: JIJ!qBoe, 1 JI . 2. HenocT.:e.n;.'t{., M.rr. III. CHHT. POJIh - rro,n;JIem8m;ee.

FJLazoJL nOpSlAOK pa360pa I. Bonpoc. HaqSJIhHaH 4JOPM8 (Heonpe,n;eJIeHHaH). Q8CTh pe'lH.

06m;ee rpSMM8TH'tJeCRoe 3H811eHHe. II. Mop<pOJIOrH'tIeCKHe npH3HsKH.

1. IIOCToHHHbIe npH3HsKH: s) BH)J;j 6) nepeXO,ll;HOCTh-HenepeXO,ll;HOCThj B) B03BPSTHOCTh-HeB03Bp8THOCTbj r) CnpJ'I)KeHHe.

,

-1 2. HenocToHHHbIe npH3H8KH: s) B8KJIOHeHHe; 6) BpeMH; B) 'tJ.HCJIO; r) JIHI.1;Oj

1\) POll· III. CHHT8KCIPIeCKSH POJIh.

06pa3e4 pa360pa 3anax anmOH06CKUX RlfJLOK UClle3aem U3 nOM.e~UllbUX ycafJe6.

(M.A. BYHnH) I. HClle3aem. 3anax (qTO ,lI;eJISeT?) UClle3aem. Beonp. <p.

UClle3amb. fJI8rOJI. 0603HS'tIaeT ,n;eHcTBHe npe,ll;MeTa. II. Mop<j>. UPH3HaKH.

1. IIOCT.: BeCOB. BH,ll;; Henepex. j HeB03Bp.; I cnp. 2. HenOCT.: H3'hHBHT. HRKJI.j B8CT. Bp.; e,ll;. ll.j 3-e JI.

III. CHHT. ponh - npOCToe rJI8rOJIbHOe cKs3yeMoe.

CHHT8KCH'lIeCKHH pa360p

nOpRAOK pa360pa npocToro npeAflO)KeHHR 1. BH,lI; npe,u;JIO)KeHHH IIO ueJIli BbICKS3bIB8HHH (nOBeCTBOBSTeJIh

Hoe, BonpOCHTeJIhHOe, no6y,n;HTeJIhHoe). 2. BH,zI: npe,u;JIO)KeHHH IIO 3MOIJ;HOHaJIhHOH oKpsCKe (BOCKJIHD;S-

TeJIhHOe, HeBOCKJIHn;STeJIhHoe) • 3. IIpocToe. 4. PscnpOCTp8HeBBOe HJIH HepscnpocTpsHeHHoe. 5. YK8a8Th, eCTh JIH B npe,lVlOmeHlIH O,lJ;Bopo,ll;HbIe 'tIJIeHbI, BBO,n;

HhIe CJIOB8, 06pam;eHHSI. 6. YK8a8Th rpaMM8THQeCKYlO OCHOBY . Onpe,n;eJIHTh, 'tIeM BhIpS

)KeBbI no,n;JIe)Kam;ee H cRaayeMoe.

7. OxapaKTepH30B8Th rpynuy nO,ll;JIe)Kam;ero (BTopocTeneHHhIe

'IJIeHbI, OTHOCSlm;HeCR K no,n;JIemam;eMY). 8. OXap8KTepHaOB8Th rpynny cKs3yeMoro (BTopocTeneHHhle qne

BbI, OTHOCSlm;HecSI K cKaayeMoMY). 9. CkeMa npeI\JIOll<eHnH.

06pa3e4 pa360pa nR.OCToro npeAnO)KeHHSI rrpUJI. CYl1\. 8 rn. CYlQ.

~-{~-3- ruW! nVQff,UKJI,a !J:g_q_.£..1!.~.! U @ '". oym.

pa36yfJu.n.a ..1!-B:!Y..: UlonKa. (M. M. IIpHnIBHH)

(TIpeAnomeHHe nOBeCTBOBaTenhHOe, HeBOCKnHllaTenhHOe,

npOCTOe, paCnpOCTpaaeBHOe, C OAHOPOABhlMH cKa3yeMhlMH. )

[ ~ - B _.-.- H B - - - ]. nOpRAOK pa360pa CnO>KHOro npeAnO>KeHHR BhlAeJIHTh rpaMMaTJItlecKHe OCHOBhl B lJaCTXX cnomHoro npe,lVlO-

JKeBHH, Onpe,l\eJIHTh KOnHlJeCTBO lIaCTeH, npOBYMepoB8Tb lJaCTH.

1. BH,l\ npe,lVlOmeHHSI no l(eJIH BhlCK83LIB8BHSl.

2. BH,l\ npe,ll;no.m.eBHSI no 3MoQHoaanbBoH OKpaCKe.

3. CnO>KHoe.

4. 113 CKonhKHX 'lJSCTeH COCTOHT.

5. KSK CBH3SBhl lISCTH: C nOMotqblO HHTOHSllHHj C nOMOm;hlO

HHTOHal(HH H COro30B.

6. CxeMa npe,lf,JIOmeBH.JL

06pa3e4 pa360pa CnO>KHOrO npeAnOH<eHHR

BWJl.a 3uMa l, no Bce nocJl.e8nue 8nu cmO,8,,ll.a ommeneJl.b2•

(M.A. BYHHH) (TIpe,l\nOmeHHe lIoBecTBoBsTenhHoe, HeBOCKnH1l8TenbHoe, cno.m.

Hoe, COCTOHT H3 ,lJ;BYX 'lJaCTeH, lJaCTH COe,l\HHeHhl COlO30M aD If HHTO

H8.1lHeR.)

[- -]', 80 [- -1'.

naMIITKH

KaK nHcaTb npeAynpeAHTenbHblH AMKTaHT

1. TIOc.nYIDaii (npO'llHTaii) TeKCT.

2. IIocnymaH: (npO'lJHT8H) nepBoe npeAnomeHHe.

3. OnpeAenH no 0l103HaB8TenbHhlM npH3HaK8M (aa cnyx linM

3pHTenbHo), KaRHe H3BecTBhle Te6e OJXPorp8MMbI ecTb B CJIOBax WIH

Mem,ZJ;y CnOBaMH.

4. YCTHO 06'bHCHH ycnoBHSI Bhl60pa H8nHC8BHH:.

5. 3snHIDH npe,n;nOJKeHHe (BCT8Bb nponym;eHHhle 6YKBhl).

6. TIO,ll;'lIepKBH opq:,orpSMMhl.

7. BhIDOJlHH pa50TY no aToM)' me 8JIropHTMY C APyrHMH npeAJlO. meHHXMH.

KaN nMcaTb 06.SlCHHTenbHbIH AMKTaHT 1. TIOCJIYIDaH (npO'lJHTaH) TeKCT.

, 2. TIocnymBii (npollHTaii) lIepBoe npe,ltJIO>KeHHe.

3. 3anHIDa npe,ll;nO)KeHHH (BcTaBb npollytqeUBhle 6YKBhl).

4. TIo On03HaB8TenbHhlM npH3HaKaM BaHAH If nO,l\'lJepKHH H3-

BeCTBhle Te6e opcporp8MMhl.

5. YCTBO 06'bHCHH ycnoBHH Bhl6oP8 B8I1HC8BH.:fI.

6. rp8q)HlIeCKH 0603Ha'lJb ycnoBHH Bhl60pa H3yqeBBbIx opcpo

rpaMM.

7. BhlnonHH pa60TY 110 3TOMY JKe anropuTMY C ,lI;pyruMH npe,ll;

nomeHHHMH.

KaK rOTOBHTbCA K H3nO)f(eHHIO

1. TIOMBH, lJTO B8llHCaTb H3JIOmeHHe - aTO 3H8'l1HT nlfCbMeBBO

nepeCK83aTb TeKCT.

2. TIocnymaH TeKCT. ilOCTapaHCH onpe,l\enHTb B8 CJIyx TeMy 'feK

CT8 (0 'lJeM OB), ero OCHOBHYIO MbIcnb H THD TeKCTa (nOBeCTBOBaHHe

aTO, OnHCaHHe RJIH paccym,ll;eaHe).

3. ilO,ll;YM8H, KaR CBSl38HO 38rnaBHe C TeMOH: H ocaOBHOR MbIC

nblO TeKCTa.

4. ilPO'lJHT8H TeKCT 4Me,n;neHHhIM 'lJTeHHeMt, 3MBBSH BonpOChI

aBTOpy no Xo,n;y 'lJTeBHH R MbIcneHHO OTBe'lJ8R H8 HHX. ilo XO)'J;y

'lJTeHHX nOWlepKHH cnOBa, CMhIcn KOTOPhIX Te6e HexceH H Tpe6YeT

YTOl{BeBHH.

5. TIepe'lJHTaH TeKCT no S6381(8M ('lJaCTSlM). OaarnaBb KaJK,l\yro

lIaCTb H Baii,l\H B K~OH: 'lJaCTH KJIlO'lIeBbIe CJIOB8. 06pa.r.q8H BUHM8-

BHe HS oco6eHBOCTH ynoTpe6neaHSI cnOB SBTOpOM.

6. 3anHmH nYHKThl IInaH8 H KnlO'lIeBhIe cnOBB K8.)KAOH lJSCTR.

7. ilepecKSJKH TeKCT no nnaHY If KnlOlJeBhlM enOBaM.

8. HallAH H nO,ll;'lIepKBH B CJIOBax TeKCTS H3BecTHhle Te6e opq.o

rp8MMbI. Oth..xCHH a8llHCaHHH, KOTophle BbI3bI.B8.lOT 3aTpY,lI;BeBHH.

BhlUHIDH cnOBS C aenpoBepHeMhIMH H8llHC8BHHMH H aeH3yqeHHbI

MH Op<porpaMMaMH, B KOTOPhlX Thl Momemb ,lJ;onyCTHTb OIDH6KY.

9. rpScpHlJeCKH 06'bXCaH nOCT8aOBKY 3H8KOB npenHH8HHH B

npe,ll;nOJKeHHRx.

10. 3aKPOH Y'lJe6HHK, em;e pS3 nocnymsH: TeKCT ~enHKOM.

KaK rOTOBMTbCSI K co'tHHeHHIO 1. TIPOSH8JIH3HpYH TeMY CO'lJHHeHHSI, BhlAenH B HeH KnlO'lJeBOe

cnOBO (t!noB8). Onpe,ll;enH, UIHPOKSSI 3Ta TeMS HnR Y3K8X.

2. Onpe,ll;enH 3SMhlCeJI cBaero COllHHeHMH: l{TO C8Moe rn8BHoe Thl

XO'lJemb CK8a8Th, P8CKPhIB8H 3TY TeMy. CopMynHpYH rnsBHYIO

MbIcnb, 38llHIDH ee Ha 'lIepBOBHKe.

~

3. IIOAYMaii, K8.K 6YAeT paaBHBaTbCli TBOil aaMblcen: 0 qeM TbI J paccKamemb CH8Q8JI8, 0 'tJeM nOTOM. IIo)l;I'OTOBb pa60QHe MaTepHa~ JIhI B BRAe KpaTKHX <PoPMYJIHPOBOK.

4. COCT8Bb H a8DHWH aB 'tIepHOBHKe pa6Ot:u:di TIJIBB B mo6oH YAo6HOH ,lVISl TeGsr cpopMe.

5. IIo,ll;YMaH, KaROH THII TeKeTa Tbi 6Y.lI;eIlIb C03,lJ;8.B8Tb - nOBecT

BOB8.BHe, ODHC8Bue WID paccy~eHHe. BcnOMHH npU3H8KH HYatHO

ro Te6e THIIa TeKeTa. 6. HanHwH aa qepBOBHKe OCHOBaylO qaCTb COtIHHeH.HSl H aftKJUO

'tIeRRe, B KOTopoe HY)KHQ o6Sa8TeJIbHO BKJUOQHTb I"JI8BHYlO MbICJIb

TeKeTa. 7. IIepe'lHTaH aaIIHCaHHoe. a8TeM npO,lJ;YM8ii Ii BanHmH aa '1ep

BOBRKe BCTynneHHe.

8. IIpmlHTaH n;eJIHKOM TeRCT CQtIHHeBHSI, CODOCT8Bb era C Dna

HOM H IIOCTapaHCSI oU;eHHTh ce6H: YAB.JIOCb JIH nepeA8Tb 3aMbICeJI.

COOTBeTCTBYIOT JIM ,lI;pyr ,n;pyry BCTynnemle, oeROBH8S! qaCTb H a8-

KmoqeHHe; He HY)KBO JIB qTO-TO ,lI;06aBHTb, HCnp8.BHTh; BbI,ZI;eJIeHhI

JIB 8G38n;bI B COOTBeTCTBJUI C nJIaHOM . C,ZI;eJIaii: Heo6xo,lJ;HMhle HC

npaBJIeSHH B qepHOBHKe.

9. IIpoBepb a8rrHC8BHe CJIOB C H3yqeHHLIMH opq,orp8MM8MH,

3B8KH rrpenHH8.HHH.

10. IIepenHmH p860TY a8 qHCTOBIfK.

KaK 'tHTBTb y'te6HO-HaY'lHbllf TeKCT H3y'taIOIqHM '1TeHHeM

1. Onpeae./tu aJUl. ce6JL lieJl.b 'lmeuUJl.. 2.1(0 Ha'laAa '(.meHUJl.: - ITpO't{HTaH aarJI8.BHe, DOCTSpaiiCSI npe,o:nOJIo»tHTh TeMY, CO,ll;ep-

mftHHe H nOCTpoeHHe TeKeTa; - Qnpe,o:eJIH KOJIHlIeCTBO 'tJacTeii DO KOJIRlleCTBY a63Bl1,eB.

3. Bo apeMR IlmenuJl.: - 38.,lJ;8BBii BonpOChI 8.BTOPY H HW;H OTBeTbl aB DUX B TeKCTe;

- o6paIIl;aii BHHM8HHe BS enDBR, Bbl,lJ;eneHHble mpHcpTOMj

- onpeAeJ1H, UB KaROH Bonpoc OTBeQ8e-r KruK,ZI;bIH a63~; aallHmH

3TH BOnpOCblj

- orrpeAeJIH rnBBHYW H BTopOCTeneHHYIO HHcpopM~~no. 4. [JocAe ttmeHU.1l: - onpe,IJ;eJm:, ,ltOCTHI'Hj'TB JIB n;eJIh t{TeHH.R.: QTBeTE. aB florrpoCbI.

KOTophIe Thl nOCT8BHJI K Kam,D;OMY a638.I(Y;

- OTMeTb TO DQBoe, 'liTO TbI yaHM H3 3TOro TeKeTS;

"nOACKa3KH»

K ynp. 85. CJIOBO 6YJILKaTb B 1-M TeKCTe YIIoTpe6JIeHO B nepe

HOCHOM 3HaqeBHH, 8 BO 2 - M - B npHMOM.

K ynp. 92. 1) H3 nO,lJ;'heMHOrO Kp8B8; 2) opymKe ,lJ;JIH MCT8H1IH

CTpeJI; 3) ,lI;JIHBBbIH meCT Y KOJIO,lJ;n;8, C nOMO~LIO KOTOPOI'O ,o:OCT8-

lOT 113 KOJIO,lJ;n;8 ee,lJ;po C BO,ll;OH; 4) B cTpoHTeJIhHhlX JIeC8X - coopy

meRHe H3 ,lJ;OCOK H MeT8JIJIWleCKHX TPy6, KOTOPoe BpeMeHBO CTpo

HTCH Y CTeH 3,ll;8HHH ,lJ;JI8 CTpOHTeJIhBbIX HJIH peMOHTBblX p860T;

5) M8neHLKoH ry6oH; 6) KOCTLIO. KOTopaH y qenOBeKa H8XO,lJ;HTCSI B

BepxHeH q8CTH CIIHHhI; 7) H8ceKOMoe.

K ynp. 99. KOHh 6e)KHT (cK8QeT); "<{eJIOBeK 6e>KHT (M'lHTCSI); BpeMH 6e>KHT

(neTHT); pyqeil 6e>KHT (Te'lOT). XonoAHblii Barnll,!\ (paBHOAYIDHblil), JIe,lJ;HBOH B03,l1;yX (CThIJIhIH, MOP03HhIii:); 3HM8 (MOpo3H8H, CypoB8H).

JIE~rRHii nyx (HeBecoMhlH); 38,Z1;8'l18 (npocT8H, HeTPY,ZI;H8S1. HeCJIO>K

H8H); X8p8KTep (nOKJI8,ZJ;HCThlH, MHrKHH, CrOBOp'llHBhlH).

K ynp. 102. IIJI8H TeKeTa 06 8.HTOBHM8X.

1. q TO TaRoe 8.HTOHHMbI.

1. Onpe,lJ;eJIeBHe.

2. IIpoHcxo>K,ZI;eHHc CJIOB8 8HTOHHM.

3. CJIOB8 R8KHX 'lI8CTeH pe'llH MOryT 6hITL 8BTOBHM8MH.

II. qTO MoryT 0603H8l18Tb CJIOB8-8BTOBHMhI.

III. ,11;JIH 'lIero nnC8TeJIH HCnOJIh3YlOT 8HTOBHMbl B xY,ZI;OmeCTBCB

HhIX npOH3Be,lJ;eBHHX?

K ynp. 163: I. IIpe,lJ;06pLlli, npeKp8cBbIH. npH6JIHmaTbcSI. npH68BJIHTb, npe

MBoro, I1peB03BOCHTh.

II. IIpH06peTaTh, npHrJIHayTLCSI. nperp8.,lJ;HTb, npe6hIB8Th, npH-

6hIB8Tb, npe3Hp8Th.

K ynp. 210. ... ,11;porliYJI8 H 38III}'MeJI8 MeJIbBlfn;a. 3B1CPYTHJIOCb B Bo,o:e OT,ZI;OX

Byamee Koneco. BblCKOQHJI8 H3 MeJIbHH'tfBorO OKB8

06cbln8BBaH MYKOH, omaJIeJI8H OT HCITyra KomK8. CnpocoHoK npo

M8XHYJI8Cb H CeaJIHJI8Ch DpHMO a8 cnmry 38.,lJ;peM8BmeMY IIIapHKY·

ill8PHK B3BH3rHYJI H nO,Zl;I1pblraYJI. KomK8 MeTHYJIaCh Ba ,!:tepeBo,

Bop06bH C ,!:tepeB8 aa KphImy. J10ID8,ll;b BCKHBYJI8 MOP,o;y H ,lI;epHYJI8

TeJIery, a H3 C8paH BbIrJIHHYJI K8KOH-TO JIOXM8TbIH, cepbIH OT MyKH

,ll;SI,ll;LK8 H. He p8306p8BmHcL. nOrp03HJI ,ll;JIHHHbIM KayTOM OTCKO

'tIHBmeMY OT TeJIerH C8HLKe. - paCCKtuKH CO)l;epmaBHe TeK; T8 no nJI8HY, B~eJUUI rJIaBHoe. _ It- h _ 4ft

7 7 7' ~~.. \ \ \ \ I J I , ,-.... \ \ \ j

LiI'!..... '

COAeplKBHHe

BBE.n;EHHE. ThI I13yqaemb PYCCKHH H3b1K ••.••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 CJIOBO B .H3bIKE H PE'IH I1oBTOpeHHe H YI'JI)'6J1eHHe Kypca HaqaJIbHOii llIKOJlld •••••••••• ..• 9

1. CJIOBO HEro 3BYKOBA.H OBOJIOqKA ........... ............... 9

§ 1. 3BYKH .H3bIRa. rJI8CHbIe H COrJI8CHhIe 3BYKH ....... . ...... . .. 9 § 2. 3BYK Ii 6YKB8. ,il;BOHB8S1 pOJIb 6YKB e, e, 10, B ••••••••••• . .. 13 § 3. 3BYK H CJIor . .. . .............. . ... . .. . ................................. 17 § 4. OP<l><>rpaMMa.

H·Ono3H8B8TeJlbHhlH npH3HaK oP<POl'pSMMbI ••••••••••••••••• ••. 21 H Y CJlOBH.fI BhI60pa opcporpaMMbI •••••••• ••• ••• ••••••• •••••••••.•• . 21

H § 5. HOPMbJ npoH3HomeHHH 3BYKOB pe'llH •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 32 H § 6. BYKBbI 0, e ooeJle mHml~HX B KopHe CJIOBR •••••••••••••••• 35

2. CJIOBO HErO JIEKCHqECKOE 3HA qEHHE ................. . 40

H § 7. JIeKcHK8. JIeKCHQeCKOe 3H8QeHHe cnOB8 ..................... 40 Cnoco6bL mOJLK08a1lUA lleKCUIleCK020 31lallenUJI, Clt08a .. ..... 44 Mn0203Ha'lHOCmb cJt08a. IIpJl.Moe U nepeHocHoe 3Halle1lUe

Clt08a •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• •••••••.•• .. •• 48 M HOZ03Ila'lHble CJL08a U OMOIlUMbl ................................. 53

H § 8. CHHOHHMbI ................... . . .. .. .. .. ....... .. ............. ........ .. 56 H § 9. AHTOHHMbI ............................. ................................ 59 H § 10. Mopq,eM8 - aH8't.1HM8n Q8CTb cnOB8 .......................... . 62

§ 11. IIpoBepHeMhle H HenpoBepHeMble 6eaY,lJ;8pHhIe

rJI8CHhle B Kopae CJlOB8 ............................................. 67 II § 12. IIp8Bom!c8HHe cnOB C qepe,lJ;YIO~HMHC.fl

rn8CHhI.MH a-o B Kopae . ... .......... ......... ...................... 70 BYK8bt a-o 6 K.opne -Jta~- - -/tom- ................................ 70 BY"Bbl a-o B "op"e -pacm- (-pa"l-) - -poc- .• •.... ••.. •.•... .. 72 BYK.8b1. a-o 6 Kopne -~ap- - -~op- ................................. 77 BYIC8bl a-a 6 KopHe -3ap- - -30p- ................................. 79

§ 13. 3H8'1eHHH npHCT8BOK .. ..... ... .......... ...... ................... 81 H § 14. BYKBbI e, H B npHCT8BKax npe-, RpH- ..................... .. 85 H § 15. BYRBbI 3 it: C H8 KOH~e npHcT8BOK ..... .. .... .. .... ~ ...... .... 90 H § 16. BYKBhl hi, H nocne npHCT8BOK ................................. 93

§ 17. 3Ha'!eHH" eY<P<PHKeoB .........•.................................. 95 H § 18. IIpHcT8Bo~Hhlii H CyqxpHKC8JIbHhlH

cnoco6hl o6paaOB8.HHH cnOB ••••• •• ••••• •• •• ••••••••••••• •••••••• 97

) H § 19. CnOatHbIe Ii CJIOmHOcoKp8.Jll;eSHbIe CJIOB8,

06paaoB8HHe Ii npaBOUHC8HHe •• •••• , •••••• , ........... .. ....... 100

3. rPAMMATHqECKOE 3HAqEHHE CJIOBA ...•. ... . ... ..... .. 104

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