фоис паренх дистр
DESCRIPTION
фоис паренх дистрTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DEGENERATIONS (dystrophy)
![Page 2: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Degeneration (dystrophy) is a pathological process due to disturbance of either cellular or tissue metabolism which causes changes in the structure of cells, tissues, etc.
![Page 3: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Trophism mechanisms are cellular and extracellular:
cellular: autoregulation (enzymes)
extracellular: transportation systems (blood, lymph); endocrine regulation;
![Page 4: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Morphogenetic mechanisms of degenerations: infiltration: abundant invasion of metabolite
products from the transportation system to the cell followed by their accumulation;
decomposition: destruction of cellular ultrastructure (lipoprotein complex from cellular membranes) with accumulation within a cell;
abnormal synthesis: intracellular synthesis of the substances which are not produced normally (e.g. amyloid);
transformation: formation of products of one type of metabolism from the common primary products, e.g. increased polymerization of glycogen from glucose.
![Page 5: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Classification of degenerations
According to the localization:a) parenchymatous (intracellular accumulation),b) mesenchymatous (extracellular accumulation), c) mixed type.
According to the type of metabolism disturbance: a) albuminous (protein), b) fatty (adipose), (lipidosis),c) carbohydrate, d) mineral
According to the origin: a) acquired,b) heriteted.
According to propagationa) general, b) local.
![Page 6: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Parenchymatous degenerations
Parenchymatous albuminous degenerations (dysproteinoses)
![Page 7: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The modern classification of parenchymatous albuminous
degenerations:
1) hyalin-drop
2) hydropic (edematous, balloon)
![Page 8: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Hyalin-drop degeneration
Microscopically: rounded, eosinophilic droplets, vacuoles, or aggregates in the cytoplasm
Macroscopically: not changes
Localizations: kidney, liver, myocardium
![Page 9: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Hydropic degeneration
Microscopically: large vacuoles of cytoplasm fluid in the cytoplasm, the nucleus which displaced to the peripheral areas
Macroscopically: not changes
Localizations: kidneys, skin, liver, muscles, nerves
![Page 11: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Horny degeneration
abundant formation of horny substance in keratinized epithelium (hyperkeratosis and ichtyosis)
appearance of horny substance in the places where is not found under normal conditions (leukoplakias)
![Page 12: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Parenchymatous degenerations
Parenchymatous fatty degenerations
![Page 14: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Manifestation
of disturbance of fat metabolism: appearance of fat in the place where it
does not appear under normal conditions (e.g. in the myocardium),
appearance of fat of unusual composition;
increase of fat amount in the places where it is present under normal conditions (e.g. in the fat depots).
![Page 15: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hypoxia - the main cause of fatty degeneration
disturbances in transportation systems (e.g. in patient with chronic cardiovascular and chronic pulmonary insufficiency);
chronic intoxications (e.g. alcoholism);cachexia, avitaminosis; infections (e.g. diphtheria, tuberculosis).
![Page 16: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Parenchymatous degenerations
Parenchymatous carbohydrate degenerations
![Page 20: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Glycogen metabolism disturbance
increase or reduction in the amount in the tissues where it is present under normal conditions,
its appearance in the areas where it is not present under normal conditions
![Page 21: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Storage diseases(enzymopathy)
proteinoses lipidosis
glucogenoses
![Page 22: фоис паренх дистр](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051817/54877dd9b4af9f5f388b54b4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Thank you for your attention