Retroviridae ssRNA. - , . 1900s Ellerman Bang , , . 1911 , , Retroviridae

Ellerman, Bang Rous , 60 Rous 1963 83 1970, Baltimore Temin , 1975 1989, , , , Retroviridae

Retroviridae (family Retroviridae) , 1- , 2- . -. -, -, .

Retrovirus Retro (Latin) - Onco (Greek, oncos) - Spuma (Latin)- Lenti (Latin, lentus) -

Retrovirus : Retroviridae

GenusFeaturesExamples1. AlpharetrovirusSimple, OncoAvian leucosis virus, RSV2. BetaretrovirusSimple, OncoMouse Mammary Tumor Virus3. GammaretrovirusSimple, OncoMurine leukemia virus (Moloney, Harvey)4. DeltaretrovirusComplex, OncoBovine Leukemia, Human T Cell Leukemia (HTLV)5. EpsilonretrovirusComplex, OncoWalleye Dermal Sarcoma6. LentivirusComplexHIV, Visna, EIAV7. SpumavirusComplexSimian Foamy Virus

Retrovirus Type A ()Type B ()MMTVType C ()ALV,RSVType D ()Lentivirus ()HIV

Retrovirus 80-120 nm , , 2000 (NC), ssRNA ,

Rous sarcoma virusAvian leukosis virus, : 2 ; Retroviruses (MA,CA,NC); (PR,RT,IN); (SU,TM).

vs. RetrovirusesALV MLV HTLV, HIV, HFV, WDSV gag-pol-env

vs. Retroviruses

gag, pol, and envGag MA ()CA ()NC ()Pol PR () RT ( )IN ()Env SU TM ( ) - ; v-Onc,

Gag MA, Matrix, p17

CA, Capsid, p24

NC, Nucleocapsid, p7

: 10 kd Gag MA,CA,NCAspartyl -

: 3 Mg++ (10-4 1 ) (- :)--

:

Env : (TM)

SU -

Env : (SU) , ,

SU (gp120)TM (gp 41)Lipid Bilayer(derived from cell)

- II Retrovirus

Retroviruslife cycle:

Retroviruses 2 2 (tRNAlys) -Retroviral