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40-66

1)

(Duhm) (Das Buch Jesaia, 1982)

40-55

. 40-55

. 1948 (Christopher R. North)

.2)

(R. N. Whybray) 2 .3) 49:4

2

. (Tryggve N. D. Mettinger) (Duhm)

40-55

.4)

(Joseph Blenkinsopp)

- .5)

40-48

. .

(Cylinder of Cyrus) , (Marduk)

1) , , 2)Christopher R. North, The Suffering Servant in Deutero-Isaiah: An Historical and Critical Study(2d ed.; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956). , , , . . Colin G. Kruse, "The Servant Songs: Interpretive Trends since C. R. North," SBT 8(1978): 3-27; H. H. Rowley, The Servant of the Lord and Other Essays on the Old Testament(Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1965), 1-93. .

. 3) R. N. Whybray, The New Century Bible Commentary: Isaiah 40-66(Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1975).

54:17 2 .

4) Tryggve N. D. Mettinger, A Farewell to the Servant Songs: A Critical Examination of an Exegetical Axiom(Lund: CWK Gleerup, 1983). (N. Snaith) 40-55 . N. Snaith, "The So-called Servant Songs," ExpTim 56(1944/45): 79-81. . Hans M. Barstad, "The Future of the Servant Songs: Some Reflections on the Relationship of Biblical Scholarship to Its Own Tradition," in Language, Theology, and the Bible: Essays in Honour of James Barr(ed. Samuel E. Balentine and John Barton; Oxford: Clarendon, 1994), 261-70.

5) Joseph Blenkinsopp, Isaiah 40-55: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary(The Anchor Bible; New York: Doubleday, 2002), 210-11.

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.6)

. 54:17

?

.7) 54:17 .

. - (Iranian rule)

, ,

.8)

.9)

.

.

.10) ( 42:1-4;

49:1-6; 50:4-9; 52:13-53:12)

40-66 , .

(God's agent)

.11)

6) Ibid. 7) . W. A. M. Beuken, "The Main Theme of Trito-Isaiah The Servants of YHWH." JSOT 47(1990), 67-87; Joseph Blenkinsopp, "The Servant and the Servants in Isaiah and the Formation of the Book," in Writing and Reading the Scroll of Isaiah(ed. Craig C. Broyles and Craig A. Evans; Leiden: Brill, 1997), 155-75.

8) Blenkinsopp, "The Servant and the Servants in Isaiah," 171. 9) Blenkinsopp, "A Jewish Sect of the Persian Period," CBQ 52(1990): 5-20. (Alexander Rof) . . . Alexander Rof, "The Onset of Sects in Postexilic Judaism: Neglected Evidence from the Septuagint, Trito-Isaiah, Ben Sira, and Malachi," in Essays in Tribute to Howard Clark Kee: The Social World of Formative Christianity and Judaism(ed. Jacob Neusner et al. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1988), 39-49.

10) (Textlinguistics) . (cohesion) (coherence) 40-66 . . Robert de Beaugrande, "Text Linguistics through the Years," Text 10(1990), 9-17; R. de Beaugrande and W. Dressler, Introduction to Text Linguistics(London: Longman, 1981), 14-30; Bertil Wiklander, Prophecy As Literature: A Text-Lingusitic and Rhetorical Approach to Isaiah 2-4(ConBot 22; Uppsala: C. W. K. Gleerup, 1984).

11) : , , . 1-39 (agent) 40-53 54-66 . Cf. Williamson, Variations on a Theme: King, Messiah and Servant in the Book of Isaiah(Carlisle: Paternoster, 1998), 30-112; J. J. M. Roberts, "The Divine King and the Human Community in Isaiahs Vision of the Future," in The Quest for the Kingdom of God: Studies in Honor of George E. Mendenhall(ed. H. B. Huffmon et al.; Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1983), 127-36; Richard L. Schultz, "The King in the Book of Isaiah," in The Lords Anointed: Interpretation of Old Testament Messianic Texts(ed.

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56-66

.

1. 40-48

1 42:1-4 41:8 . 41:8-16 , , , (cf. 44:1-2, 21; 45:4; 48:20).12) (41:10-16). 1 42:1-9 . ( ) . 42:1-4 " " " " .13) 42:1-4 .14)

, , (jP'v.mi) (jP'v.mi) (2-4).15) (qd

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relationship) . 43:1-13 . (43:8-12; 44:8).17) . (43:22-28). 44:1-23 . (44:3-5) (43:25; 44:21-23).

44:24-47:15 (God's agent) .18) (45:1-7; 47:1-15; 48:14). (44:24-28; 45:1-13). 48 . 48 40-48 (48:16). 48:17-22 . .19) . 49:1-6 .20)

40-48 , , , , .

2. 49-53

49-53 . 40-48 ( ) 49-55 49:1-6

17) Willis J. Beecher, The Prophets and the Promise(Grand Rapids: Baker, 1963), 272.18) 41:2-3 41:25

. 19) Childs, Isaiah, 378.20) Ibid.

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( ) .21) 49:1-13 48:16 . (48:1-11) ( ) .22) 42:1-9 49:1-13 .23) 49:1-13 (49:4, 7). (49:2, 8, 9 cf. 61:1-4). 49:1-6 50:4-9 . 49:2 50:4 . (50:5). . 49:7 50:6 . (7-9). 49:1-7 50:4-11 . "(49:1-6//50:4)(49:7a//50:5, 6)(49:7b//50:7, 8)" . 52:13-53:12 . 52:13-53:12 40-50 49 . ( ), , 52:13-53:12 .24) (49:1-7;

21) (Williamson) 49:1-13 . Williamson, The World of Ancient Israel: Sociological, Anthropological and Political Perspectives Essays by Members of the Society for Old Testament Study(ed. R. E. Clements; Cambridge: Cambridge University, 1993), 141-61; idem, Variations on a Theme, 147-48.

22) 49:1-7 . . See H. M. Orlinsky, "The So-Called Servant of the Lord and Suffering Servant in Second Isaiah," in Studies on the Second Part of the Book of Isaiah(SVT 14; Leiden: Brill, 1967), 79-89; N. Lohfink, "Israel" in Jes. 49, 3," in Wort, Lied und Gottesspruch: Beitrge zu Psalmen und Propheten. Festschrift fr Joseph Ziegler(FzB 2; ed. J. Schreiner; Wrzburg: Echter Verlag, 1972), 217-29; Childs, Isaiah, 383-86; Delitzsch, The Prophecies of Isaiah, 256-64.

23) 42:1-9 49:1-13 . (~yIAG

rAal.) (~[' tyrIb.li) . . Cf. Williamson, Variations on a Theme, 154-55; Antti Laato, The Servant of YHWH and Cyrus: A Reinterpretation of the Exilic Messianic Programme in Isaiah 40-55(CB 35; Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1992), 106-22.

24) Walter Brueggemann, Isaiah 40-66(Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1998), 141. . D. W. Thomas, "A Consideration of Isaiah LIII in the Light of

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50:4-9) "" "" .25) (1), (2), (2), (7) .26) () . 52:13-53:12 , . . 52:13-53:12 .

2. 1 : (52:13-53:12)

(4-6, 10-12). 53 . Orlinsky .27) Orlinsky .28) Orlinsky Whybray 53:4,

5 !mi . !mi

."29) Whybray !mi

Recent Textual and Philological Study," ETL 44(1968): 79-86; O. H. Steck, "Aspekte des Gottesknechts in Deuterojesajas Ebed-Jahwe-Liedern," in Gottesknecht und Zion(FAT 4; Tbingen, 1992), 3-43; W. Zimmerli, "Zur Vorgeschichte von Jes 53," in Studien zur alttestamentlichen Theologie und Prophetie von Walther Zimmerli(ThB 51; Mnich: C. Kaiser, 1974), 213-21.

25) 52:13-53:12 . (53:1-10) (53:1-10).

26) 53 . 2 , (, , ), , (597BC), . . (Clines) . 53 . 52:13-53:12 . See David Clines, I, He, We and They: A Literary Approach to Isaiah 53(JSOTSup 1; Sheffield: JSOT, 1976), 25-33; North, The Suffering Servant in Deutero-Isaiah, 1-27; Muilenburg, Isaiah 40-66, 614-31.

27) H. M. Orlinsky, "The So-called Servant of the Lord and Suffering Servant in Second Isaiah," in Studies in the Second Part of the Book of Isaiah(VTSup 14; Leiden: Brill, 1967), 54.

28) Orlinsky . . George A. Knight, Deutero-Isaiah: A Theological Commentary on Isaiah 40-55(Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1965), 273. P. Hanson " " . " " (Paul Hanson, Isaiah 40-66 [Louisville: John Knox, 1995], 158-61).

29) Whybray, Isaiah 40-66, 175; idem, Thanksgiving for a Liberated Prophet: An Interpretation of Isaiah Chapter 53(JSOTSup 4; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1978), 29-76.

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"" ".. " . 4 5 "" . " " B.

. . , (53:2-6).

" " !kea'() 4 .30) 4 aWh() Wnx.n:a]() 5 Wnl'(( ) wyl'['( ) . . 6 WnL'(Ku !wO[] tae AB[:yGIp.hi hw"hyw:)( ) . , !mi ( , ) ( 38:19; 44:17; 55:4; 107:17; 4:13).

Whybray 5 Wnyte_nOwO[]me, Wn[ev'P.mi( , ) ("") . ? . .

, 53:1 hw"hy> [;Arz>( ) . [;Arz>() (51:5, 11; 52:10).

51 [;Arz> 5 y[iv.yII( ), yqid>ci( ), 11hw"hy> yyE"Wdp. I( ) . [;Arz> 52:10 Wnyhe(l{a/ t[;Wvy>( ) . [;Arz>() . 51:5, 9 52:10 [Arz> 53:1 .31) . , . 50:1-9 ( 33:24 44:22). : ~k,ytenO*wO[]B, ~k,y[ev.pib.(50:1).

30) Cf. F. D. Lindsey, "Isaiahs Songs of the Servant," Bibliotheca Sacra 140(1983): 22. 31) Oswalt, The Book of Isaiah Chapter 40-66, 382.

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: Wn[ev'P.mi, Wnyte_nOwO[]me(5); yMi[; [v;P,mi(8). :

`lBo)s.yI aWh ~t'nOwO[]w: ~yBi_r:l'( yDIb.[; qyDIc; qyDIc.y: AT[.d:B.(11).

, 53:10 ~v'a'() .32) ~v'a' (6, 10). , . ? .

2.2

"" " " . (52:14; 53:1-6, 11, 12). 52:13-53:12 "" . Whybray "" 2 .33) Whybray 2 53 .34) . Melugin 52:15 53:1 "" .35) "" . . , 52:15 53:1 . 52:15b W[m.v' 53:1a Wnte_['muv. 52:15b War" 53:1b ht'l'(g>nI . . 1 "" .36) , , 53:1-6 ""

32) Richard E. Averbeck, "~v'a'," in NIDOTTE 1: 564. (Averbeck) . m ( ) . . 14 . 53 .

33) Whybray, Isaiah 40-66, 171.34) Cf. P.-E. Dion, "Luniversalisme religieux dans les diffrentes couches redactionalles dIsae 4-55," Bib

51(1970): 161-82 O. H. Steck, "Aspekte des Gottesknechts in Jes. 52,13-53,12," ZAW 97(1985): 36-58.35) Melugin, The Formation of Isaiah 40-55, 167; Westermann, Isaiah 40-66, 260; C. C. Torrey, The Second

Isaiah(New York: Scribners, 1928), 409-11. 36) Koole, Isaiah III: Isaiah 49-55, 275.

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. Goldingay , " () 40-55 ."37)

50:10 : AD+b.[; lAqB. [;mevo hw"hy> arEy> ~k,b' ymi ( ?).

53:1 `ht'l'(g>nI ymi-l[; hw"hy> [;Arz>W Wnte_['muv.li !ymia/h, ymi( ?) .38) , 8 yMi[;( ) "" . yMi[;( ) (47:6; 51:4, 16; 52:4, 5, 6). . ? 52:14, 15 53:11, 12 ~yBir:( ) ? ~yBir:( ) : 39) .40) 52:14, 15 53:11, 12 " " .41) ~yBir:( ) . , , .42) , 52:14 ~yBir:( ) . .43) ~yBir:( ) (52:13-1553:11-12) . , 52:15

37) Goldingay, The Message of Isaiah 40-55, 494.38) Childs, Isaiah, 413-14.39) C. R. North, The Second Isaiah: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary to Chapters

XL-LV(Clarendon: Oxford, 1964), 234-36. 40) Westermann, Isaiah 40-66, 259. Cf. D. E. Hollenberg, "Nationalism and the Nations in Isaiah XL-LV,"

VT 19(1969): 35-36. 41) (McKenzie) 52:14 53:12 52:15

. , (Whybray) 52:14, 15 53:12a , 53:11, 12b . See, J. L. McKenzie, Second Isaiah(Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1968), 132; Whybray, Isaiah 40-66, 170, 181.

42) There has been much debate regarding the grammatical or philological ambiguities of the occurrence of the term in the passage. For the sake of space, we will not deal with this issue. Cf. J. W. Olley, "The Many: How Is Is 53,12a to be Understood?" Bib 68(1987): 330-41.

43) Muilenburg, Isaiah 40-66, 617. (Muilenburg) .

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~yBir:( ) ~yIAG() ~ykil'm .() . .44) 49:7 : WW=x]T;v.yI)w> ~yrIf' Wmq'w" War>yI ~ykil'm.. 52:13-53:12 49:5-9 , , .45) Melugin , "49:14-52:12 " .46) (42:6; 49:6). , 53:11, 12 ~yBir:( ) , .47) (~v'a') 49-51 ([r;z

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. (54:17; 56:65; 65:8). .

2.3 54:17

54:17 hw"hy> ydeb.[;( ) 40-55 . db[() ~ydb[() .50) ~ydb[ ? ~ydb[ .

~ydb[ 40-55 56-66 . ~ydb[ 53 54 ~yBir:, [r;z ydeb.[;( ) . ~ydb[ 56:6; 63:17; 65:8, 9, 13, 15; 66:14 , . ~ydb[ ( ) (democratization) (individualization) .51) 55:11-2 . : `~ynI)m'a/N

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. 52:13-53:12 55:1-3 . 56:16 . (56:1,2). 56-66 . 57, 58 . 57 58 56:1-8 .54) (57:13) (57:15). 58 . (58:13) (56:1-8). (58:1-5) (58:6-12) (58:13-14). 63:7-64:11 .

() : ^yd

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.

4.

. , . 40-66 . . . , , . . .