a volcano is an opening in the earth’s crust where lava comes out
TRANSCRIPT
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A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust where lava comes out
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Volcanoes can be found in 3 general locations
1. Divergent Boundaries2. Subduction boundaries3. Hot Spots
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At divergent boundaries, volcanoes are created as the plates slide apart. Iceland is a good example.
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When one plate subducts under another, a volcano is created. A good example is Mt. Fuji in Japan, Mt. St Helens in Washington and Aleutian islands in Alaska
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Hot Spots are volcanoes that form in the middle of a tectonic plate. Hawaii is an example. As the plate moves, the hot spot stays in the same place, so a chain of islands is often created.
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There are 3 kinds of volcanoes1. Shield Cone2. Cinder Cone3. Composite Cone
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Shield Cone volcanoes are not very tall and formed by layers of lava.
Quiet Eruptions
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Steep Volcano with explosive eruptions.
Explosive eruptions caused by gas.
Formed by layers of volcanic rock
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Made of alternating layers of lava and rock
Alternates in explosive eruption and quiet eruptions
AKA Stratocones
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Mafic lava – dark, no gas, not explosive, thin
Felsic lava – light, lots of gas, explosive, thick
Pahoehoe – ropey cooled lava, usually from mafic lava
Aa – thick, blocky cooled lava from felsic lava
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pahoehoe
aa
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Vent – name of actual opening of volcano
Crater – surrounding area around vent. Caldera – a collapsed vent; after a
volcano explodes, a huge opening left over from explosion.
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