INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON

June 17-18, 2020 | VANCOUVER, CANADA

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THaN 45 sEssIONs, KEyNOTEs & TaLKs

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p l a n t s c i e n c e . p e e r s a l l e y c o n f e r e n c e s . c o m

Plant and agricultural associations, Plant physiologists, Plant microbiologists, Plant biotechnologists, Plant genomics students and scientist, Plant Science researchers and faculty, Business entrepreneurs, Agriculture companies and Horticulture Companies.?WHO

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KEYNOTE FORUM / MINI-PLENARY SESSIONS

DISTINGUISHED SPEAKERS FORUM(ORAL ABSTRACT SESSIONS)

STUDENT FORUM

Presentations under Keynote Forum or Mini-Plenary Sessions includes abstracts with remarkable research value selected by the program committee. These significant speeches are delivered by globally recognized honorable speakers and it is open to all registrants.

In this forum, speakers and experts of the research field gets an opportunity to showcase their noble research work that involves comprehensive research findings. These formal oral presentations include a wide range of talks covering basic research to advanced research findings in accordance to the theme and scientific sessions of the conference.

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This session is particularly introduced to encourage more number of student participation at international conferences, however it is not restricted only to students since it is also available for the participants with language barrier. There are specific guidelines to be followed to prepare the poster. Poster topic should be selected only from relevant scientific sessions with in-depth technical details.

An exclusive opportunity for students and young investigators to present their research work through a formal oral presentation. Young Investigators Forum provides a global platform for young researchers and scholars to showcase their valuable contribution to the scientific world and to get acknowledged by the global scientific community of experts. It is an excellent opportunity to recognize young scientific assets with promising research ideas. These oral presentations are of shorter time duration with 10-15 minutes of informative and precise presentations in relevant scientific sessions.

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Educational Sessions or training programs are specifically designed for a better understanding of the latest findings and technologies. These are generally 45-minute sessions that gives an exposure to the multidisciplinary field, that provides in-depth learning experiences and address educational needs.

This session involves open discussion between the experts and session attendees, it gives enough time for getting answers to specific questions and doubts. It is an opportunity for attendees to increase their professional networking, sometimes also leads to an excellent collaboration opportunity.

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https://plantscience.peersalleyconferences.com/

Plant Tissue Culture and Plant Biotechnology | Plant Genetics and Epigenetic | Plant Breeding and Molecular Breeding | Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology | Nanotechnology and Plant Sciences | Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences | Plant Physiology and Biochemistry | Plant Morphology and Plant Metabolism | Soil science and Soil-Plant Nutrition | Agricultural Sciences and Bio security | Plant Ecology and Diversity | Horticulture and Landscaping | Crop Research and Seed Science Technology | Plant Synthetic and Weed Biology Control | Plant Science Research and Natural Products | Forest Science and Technology | Agricultural and Industrial Byproducts- Business - new realities | Plant Neurobiology and Plant Diseases and Bryology | Plant Anatomy and Molecular Biology | Plants and Climate Change- Overcoming Measures | Agricultural Genomics and Cereal Genomics | Plant Nutritional Genomics | Plant Signaling and Chemical Signaling | Plant Genome Sequencing | Crop Improvement and Plant Hormones | Plant Proteomics

https://plantscience.peersalleyconferences.com/

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 17, 2020Concurrent Educational Sessions

GROUP PHOTO

LUNCH BREaK

COFFEE BREaK

COFFEE BREaK

PLaNT TIssUE CULTURE aNd PLaNT BIOTECHNOLOGy

NaNOTECHNOLOGy aNd PLaNT sCIENCEs

PLaNT GENETICs aNd EPIGENETIC

MEdICINaL aNd aROMaTIC PLaNT sCIENCEs

PLaNT BREEdING aNd MOLECULaR BREEdING

PLaNT PHysIOLOGy aNd BIOCHEMIsTRy

PLaNT PaTHOLOGy aNd PLaNT-MICROBE BIOLOGy

• Micro propagation in plants• Applications of Plant Tissue

Culture• Callus and suspension Culture• Embryo Culture• Regeneration of Plantlets• Somatic Hybridization• Resistance to weedicides

• Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences

• Biotechnology meetings• Soil Science and Soil-Plant

Nutrition• Agricultural Science• Plant Morphology and Plant

Metabolism• Plant Physiology and

Biochemistry• Green Nanotechnology• Plant Nano toxicology

• miRNA and RNA analysis• Genetic conferences• Plant breeding methods• Pathogen detection and

analysis• Epigenetics and DNA

methylation studies• Disease and stress resistance

• Aromatic plants• Collection • Crude drugs• Medicinal plants

• Molecular Marker• Molecular marker development

/ Marker assisted selection• Plant Molecular Assisted

Breeding• Marker Development• Dubai Plant Science congress• Genetic Modification• Mutagenesis in Plant Breeding• Mapping of Genes

• Physiology• Biochemistry• Cellular and molecular biology• Genetics• Biophysics• Environmental

• Insect Plant Interactions• Microbial Genomics• Plant Environment Interaction• Fungal Plant Interaction• Nutrition Improvement• Plant Immune Response• Plant Science

• Plastid Metabolite Transporters• Photosynthesis• Light Reactions• Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

sOIL sCIENCE aNd sOIL-PLaNT NUTRITION aGRICULTURaL sCIENCEs aNd BIO sECURITy PLaNT ECOLOGy aNd dIVERsITy HORTICULTURE aNd LaNdsCaPING • Soil Minerals • Plant Nutrition • Soil environment• Soil disintegration• Soil transformation

• Agricultural modernization• Biosecurity• Envirotechnical regimes

• Agro forestry• Microbial biomass• Soil enzymes• Multi-substrate-induced

respiration rates• Management strategy• Native plants

• Floriculture Management• Greenhouse Management• Plant Nursery Operations• Ornamental Horticulture• Turf Management

CROP REsEaRCH aNd sEEd sCIENCE TECHNOLOGy

• Agricultural seed science• Plant Breeding• Plant Biology• Agricultural Science

• Soil-inhabiting• Insect pests• Parasitic plants

• Plant proteomics• Molecular Plant Physiology• Plant stress biology

FOREsT sCIENCE aNd TECHNOLOGy • Soil disintegration• Climate change• Species richness• Disturbance

PLaNT MORPHOLOGy aNd PLaNT METaBOLIsM

PLaNT syNTHETIC aNd WEEd BIOLOGy CONTROL

PLaNT sCIENCE REsEaRCH aNd NaTURaL PROdUCTs

https://plantscience.peersalleyconferences.com/

Concurrent Educational SessionsTHURSDAY, JUNE 18, 2020

GROUP PHOTO

LUNCH BREaK

COFFEE BREaK

COFFEE BREaK

aGRICULTURaL aNd INdUsTRIaL By-PROdUCTs- BUsINEss - NEW REaLITIEs

PLaNT NEUROBIOLOGy aNd PLaNT dIsEasEs aNd BRyOLOGy

PLaNT NUTRITIONaL GENOMICs

PLaNT aNaTOMy aNd MOLECULaR BIOLOGy

PLaNT sIGNaLING aNd CHEMICaL sIGNaLING

PLaNTs aNd CLIMaTE CHaNGE- OVERCOMING MEasUREs

• Agro-industrial by-products• Antimicrobial packaging • Agri science

• Agricultural Meteorology• Seasons and Systems of

Farming• Irrigation and Water

Management• Harvesting and Post-harvest

Technology• Agronomy of Field Crops and

Biofuel Plants

• Environmental signs• Biological information

transmission• Quantum neurobiology• Quantum biology

• Green nanotechnology• Agriculture Nano toxicology• Uptake and Translocation of

Nanoparticles in plants• Effects of Nanoparticles on

plant growth and development• Transgenic plants producing

vaccines• Vaccines given to plants for

healthy vegetation

• Chloroplast• Mitochondria• Anabolism and Catabolism• Botany• Medicinal plants• Micro phytology

• Energy Conversion and Metabolic Regulation in Chloroplasts

• Bio-energy Conversion• Signal Transduction in Plants• Dissecting Mechanism in Crop

Plants

• Ecosystem-based planning• Climate governance• Climate change• Framing

• Protein Engineering• Drug Development and design• Single nucleotide

polymorphisms• Next-Gene Sequencing

GENETICaLLy MOdIFIEd ORGaNIsMs

• Plants affecting the soil• Plant and Micro biome• Nutrient uptake and plant

growth• Plant hormones

• Green nanotechnology• Agriculture Nano toxicology• Uptake and Translocation of

Nanoparticles in plants• Effects of Nanoparticles on plant

growth and development• Transgenic plants producing vaccines• Vaccines given to plants for healthy

vegetation• Omics Data integration• Plant Interaction with Environment• Quantitative Proteomics

• Genetically Modified Food• Genetically Modified Crop• Plant Science• GMO and Environment

Interaction• Genetic Engineering• Transgenic Plants

• Improving gene editing technology, enzymes, and methods

• Genome editing applications using new techniques

• Genome editing and the latest EU policies

• Genome / DNA assembly for editing• Plant Genetic Engineering and GM

crops• Plant Gene Editing for the Consumer• Plant Genomics its Applications in

Cereals• Plant Genome Engineering and Plant

genetic diversity

PLaNT FUNCTIONaL GENOMICs aNd BIOTECHNOLOGy

• Cereal Genomics• Plant Science Meeting• Plant genomics scope in

Europe• Micro propagation in Plants• Plant Tissue Culture and

Biotechnology• Sequencing• Transcriptomics• Proteomics• Molecular marker development

/ Marker assisted selection

• Bioinformatics analysis and challenges

• Use of genomic data for candidate genes

• Identifying novel functional genes

• Application of bioinformatics software for DNA / RNA analysis

• Computational systems for Modeling and visualization of information

• Plant Genome Annotation• Plant Gene Family Database• Plant Synthetic Biology

aRaBIdOPsIs • Genetic Engineering of

Arabidopsis• Cytogenetic of Arabidopsis

PLaNT GENOME sEqUENCING

BIOINFORMaTICs aNd daTa aNaLysIs

PLaNT syNTHETIC BIOLOGy aNd PLaNT TRaNsCRIPTOME

aGRICULTURaL GENOMICs aNd CEREaL GENOMICs

CROP IMPROVEMENT aNd PLaNT HORMONEs

PLaNT PROTEOMICs aNd PLaNT NUTRITIONaL GENOMICs

PLaNT GENOME ENGINEERING sTRaTEGIEs aNd dEVELOPMENTs

Title: Endophytic Streptomyces spp.: Characterization, antagonistic activity against Pythium

myriotylum and plant growth promoting potential on cocoyam tissue culture plantlets

Peguy Flora Djuidje Kouomo | Biotechnology Center of University of Yaounde, Canada

Abstract:

Background: Pythium myriotylum is the most devastating pathogen of cocoyam. Chemical control method

based on utilization of pesticides is mostly used. However, this method presents a range of negative side

effects such as environmental pollution, detrimental health effects for farmers and consumers, and the risk of

emergence of resistant pathogen strains. In view of these serious drawbacks, an alternative method using

antagonistic microorganisms is necessary. Actinobacteria have been known to produce antimicrobial and

plant growth promoting metabolites. Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize and evaluate

endophytic Streptomyces spp. isolated from healthy cocoyam roots taken in Cameroon for antagonistic

activity and plant growth promotion. Materials and Methods: PERM2 isolated from cocoyam root was

characterized based on morphological, cultural, electron scan microscopy and identified using gene 16S

rDNA. Its antagonistic activity against P. myriotylum was evaluated using dual culture assay and ability to

produce cell wall degrading enzymes according to the relevant protocols.

Otherwise, its ability to produce plant growth promoting attributes and its effect on cocoyam tissue culture

plantlets was evaluated. Results: Morphological, cultural characterization, 16S rDNA gene sequencing and

phylogenetic analysis suggested that isolate PERM2, belongs to Streptomyces genus. Dual culture assay

revealed that PERM2 highly inhibited the mycelial growth of P. myriotylum in vitro with the inhibition

percentage of 99.38%. Biochemical characterization indicated that PERM2 was positive for urea, catalase,

starch, gelatin and lytic enzymes such as chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, protease, lipase, cellulase and pectinase.

PERM2 was also able to show plant growth promoting traits. Streptomyces sp. PERM2 increased

significantly length, fresh weight and number of secondary roots compare to control. Conclusion: These

results suggest that Streptomyces sp. PERM2 could be a potential biocontrol and PGP agent to be used for the

development of biopesticide and biofertilizer for a sustainable agriculture.

Title: Effect of elicitors on metabolite production in cell suspensions of Piper cumanense

(Piperaceae)

Laura Rodríguez-Sánchez | Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia

Abstract:

Plant secondary metabolites represent a wide variety of compounds with essential ecological roles. Moreover,

some of them are important in food, pharmaceutic and agriculture industries due to their applications as

flavoring, for treatment of diseases, and pest control. Although research in this field have increased in the last

years, it has been difficult to develop and extend more applications due to the low amounts of metabolites

produced by plants. Plant biotechnology appears as a valuable strategy for increasing production of

compounds of interest. Piper cumanense is a neotropical shrub that produces benzoic acid derivates with

promising bioactivity for control of phytopathogenic fungi. However, these compounds have been isolated

with low extraction yields being necessary to evaluate strategies that could increase their production. The

purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the elicitors methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on

activation of secondary metabolic pathways on cell suspensions of P. cumanense. Cell suspensions were

established from friable callus in M&S liquid medium adding a combination of 2,4-D 1,0 mg/L and BAP 0,5

mg/L, thiamine 1 mg/L, myo-inositol 100 mg/L and sucrose 30 g/L. Fifteen days after growing, two

concentrations of MeJA and SA (10 and 100 µM) were separately added to cell suspensions. The effect of

elicitors was evaluated in three different exposure times (6h, 12h and 24h). Suspensions were harvested using

vacuum filtration and metabolites were extracted in ethyl acetate. Metabolic profiles of samples were obtained

by GC–MS and analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. The analysis revealed important differences

in profiles related to type of elicitor, concentration and exposure time. The elicitation induced secondary

metabolites production in cell suspensions treated. This research represents an important advance in the

development of strategies that could increase metabolites of interest in cell suspensions of P. cumanense.

Title: About the Nature of Climatic Oscillations

Alexander A. Ivlev | Russian State Agrarian University – MSKhA of K. A. Timiryazev, Russia

Abstract:

In the recently developed concept of global carbon turnover it was shown that the evolution of the global

carbon cycle and the biosphere took place on the background of alternating orogenic cycles, which were the

result of the interaction of continuously moving lithospheric plates and photosynthesis. At the same time, the

existence of short-term cycles, called climatic oscillations, was noted. Their duration was more than an order

of magnitude less and they covered a limited area. Analysis of the features of climatic oscillations showed that

they are very similar to the features of orogenic cycles. Just like orogenic cycles, climatic oscillations

emerged during periods of intense volcanic and magmatic activity and sea level rise. As well as orogenic

cycles, climatic oscillations had two phases : the "greenhouse effect" phase and successive phase of cooling.

The phase of "greenhouse effect" was characterized by an increase in temperature and anaerobic (low-

oxygen) environment. The cooling phase was associated with a decrease in CO2 concentration and with an

increase in O2 concentration. Climatic oscillations caused biotic turnovers, which have been ending with mass

extinctions of organisms. Accordingly, they have been accompanying by the appearance of sedimentary rocks

rich in organic matter. Other characteristics, such as carbon isotope characteristics of organic matterhas been

changing similarly. The similarity of characteristics allows us assuming the same nature of orogenic cycles

and climatic oscillations. Indeed, the orogenic cycles are linked to the uneven movement of lithospheric plates

due to convective flows in magma caused by the gravitational interactions of the Earth with celestial bodies.

We hypothesized that there are weaker gravitational interactions caused, for example, by periodic inclination

of the orbit plane and by the changes in orbit eccentricity.

Title: Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid and Glycine Betaine improve Antioxidant Enzymes and

Biochemical Characteristics of Potato Cultivars under Water Deficit

Mouhamad Alhoshan | Researcher in the General commission for scientific agriculture

research

Abstract:

This pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of potato plants to water deficit and foliar

application of salicylic acid (SA) and glycine betaine (GB). Four potato cultivars were grown in pots and

subjected to two irrigation regimes (30 and 60% depletion of available soil water) and two independent levels

of both SA (0.5 and 1.0 mM) and GB (1.0 and 2.0 mM) in addition to the control treatment (0.0 mM SA and

GB). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), proline content,

photosynthesis, total chlorophyll, carotenoid along with plant dry mass (PDM) and tuber yield (TY) were

measured. Water deficit significant effects on all traits. Drought tolerance was determined as increasing in

antioxidant enzymes, proline content and by calculating the stress susceptibility index (SSI). As well as,

drought tolerant cultivars (Spirit and Born) revealed higher accumulation of proline content, carotenoid and

antioxidant enzymes activities. Also, the maximum values of SSI were observed in tolerant cultivars.

However, foliar applied SA and GB affected the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increased proline

content, photosynthesis, chlorophyll pigments, PDM and TY. The range of the increases seemed greater when

potato cultivars were grown under water deficit conditions. All the above effects aided the PDM and TY of

potato cultivars to increase by increasing SA and GB in most levels and led to the supposition that external

spray of SA and GB could be improved the growth and enabled potato cultivars to withstand water deficit.

Also, under 60% depletion of available soil water, the SA effects was clearer on all traits as compared with

their controls and applied GB.

Title: Identification and analysis of MAPKs and miRNAs in IR56 rice in response to compatible

and incompatible BPH infestations

Satyabrata Nanda | State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China

Abstract:

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål, BPH) is one of the most dreadful pest of rice challenging its

production and sustainability. Therefore, understanding the rice-BPH interactions and their underlying

mechanisms are of high interest. Rice mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and microRNAs (miRNA)

have been reported to be involved in stress responses, including pest attacks. In this study, the comprehensive

analysis of the MAPKs and miRNAs in the IR56 rice (containing a BPH-resistant gene Bph3) in response to

separate BPH infestations of varied virulence levels identified the BPH-responsive MAPKs and miRNAs. The

interaction between IR56 rice and IR56-BPH (virulent BPH population established on IR56 rice) is

considered to be compatible, whereas the interaction between IR56 rice and TN1-BPH (avriulent BPH

population established on TN1 rice) is considered to be incompatible in nature. Out of 17 MAPKs in IR56

rice, 5 OsMPKs (OsMPK1, OsMPK3, OsMPK7, OsMPK14, and OsMPK16) were found to exhibit

upregulated expressions exclusive to the incompatible rice-BPH interactions, whereas 6 OsMPKs (OsMPK4,

OsMPK5, OsMPK8, OsMPK9, OsMPK12, and OsMPK13) were associated with both incompatible and

compatible interactions. The transcription analysis of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene

phytohormone signaling genes revealed their roles during the rice-BPH interactions. The upregulated

expression of OsC4H, OsCHS, and OsCHI in the incompatible interaction implied the potential defense

regulatory roles of phenylpropanoids. Further, the elevated transcript accumulations of OsGST and OsSOD,

and the increased enzyme activities of POD, SOD, and GST at 1 day post-infestation (dpi), but not at 3 dpi,

indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling might be an early event in rice-BPH interactions. In

addition, the upregulated transcription of OsLecRK3 and OsLecRK4 was found only during an incompatible

interaction, suggesting their involvement in the BPH resistance response in the IR56 rice variety.

Title: Effect of Organic and chemical Fertilization on growth and yield seeds of fennel

(Foeniculum vulgare L.) And it's active ingredients

Dler J. Ramzan sulaivani | Duhok Polytechnic University

Abstract:

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2012-2013 in fields of Agriculture College -

University of Tikrit, to study the effect of addition levels of Organic and chemical Fertilization on the

special characterizes for the growth, yield seeds, volatile oils, and active ingredients of fennel (Foeniculum

vulgare L.) by using Organic Fertilization (sheep manure ,cow manure) with three levels (0, 6 ton. hectar-1

sheep manure, 6 ton. hectar-1 ,cow manure) and chemical Fertilization (Boron) in the form of boric acid

(17% B) with two levels (0, 0.05 mg.litter-1) and it's interactions, The experiment carried out based on the

system of testing the factorial experiment has been used according to randomized complete block design (

R.C.B.D) with three replications. The soil was plowed grazed soothed and divided into pallets of dimensions

(2 x 2 m),the seeds were planted with lines between the line and the last (25 cm) and the distance between

plant and another (25 cm), And then put the system of drip irrigation and distributed on all the panels ,placed

(2-3) seeds in each hole at a depth (3-5 cm) and covered with a layer of light from the soil, the seeds were

planted in (15/10/2012). Organic fertilizers were added to the experimental units before a week the planting,

while the boron was added to the leaves of the plant until the full wetness ,The quality and quantity of volatile

oils in the samples were diagnosed using Shimladzu's HPLC-type FLC-10A, 2000, with Spectrophotometer-

Spd-6A-Uv and its speed of 1.2 min / ml.

The results can be summarized as fallow:

The treatment (M2) (6 ton. hectar-1 cow manure) apparent highest average in an increasing percentage on

characterizes, plant height (115.9) cm, the number of flowers umbels (95.3) umbel.plant-1,Trans-Anethole

(336.88) microgram.ml-1 ,alpha- pinene (74.47) microgram.ml-1. while the treatment (M1) (6 ton. hectar-1

sheep manure) gave highest percent in the fresh weight (482) gram.plant-1, Trans-Anethole (250.9)

microgram.ml-1.

Title: Ecological Conditions and Species Diversity of Sundarbans Mangrove Forest

A.K.M. Nazrul Islam| Dhaka University

Abstract:

There are about 16 million mangrove forest in the world. Mangrove ecosystems have wide diversity of plant

species (Field 1996). The Sundarbans mangrove forest of Bangladesh is one of the single largest tracts in the

world and is situated in south west corner of the country (latitude 210.32 – 220.31’ N and longitude 890.0 to

900.1 E). The total forest area is 577,220 ha including river channels and other water courses. Plant

communities occupy approximately 401,600 ha. (Chaffey et al. 1985). Dominant plant species in the low

lying areas are Nypa fruticans, Acanthus ilicifolius, Phrgmites karka, Porteresia coarctata,Typha elephantina

and Sonneratia apetala. Soil physicochemical properties and plant community and diversity were evaluated

(Nazrul Islam 1995; 2015). The present paper explains in a nutshell the ecological conditions and plant

diversity. Soil and water samples were collected from the various ecological zones in different seasons.

Mehods : Soils were extracted for exchangeable cations (Gupta and Rorison 1974, Nazrul-Islam and Rorison

1978). Calcium and magnesium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry; sodium and

potassium were analysed by the flame photometer; electrical conductivity was determined by a conductance

bridge (Griffin & Company); chloride and other ions in water samples were determined according to standard

methods of the American Public Health Association (1977).

Title: Evaluating the Fungicidal Effect of Bacterial Isolates in Infested Plant Species

Asia Nosheen | COMSATS University

Abstract:

Increase in the human population, gradual change in climate, decrease in land availability and enormous

weather conditions decreased the production of cereals and grains. To meet the current demand of food,

fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides are used but they pose a major threat to human health and environmental

pollution. The current study was performed to evaluate the antifungal and biocontrol potential of

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Weissella Confusa in basmati rice against Rhizoctonia Solani. The agar disc

method was performed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Weissella Confusa

against Rhizoctonia Solani. Pot and petri plate experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Weissella Confusa to promote growth of basmati rice and to evaluate the

biocontrol potential of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Weissella Confusa in basmati rice under Rhizoctonia

Solani stress. Maximum antifungal activity was recorded by Lactobacillus Rhamnosus against Rhizoctonia

Solani. In petri plate experiment, the maximum root length was shown by Weissella Confusa and maximum

shoot length was shown by Lactobacillus Rhamnosus. In pot experiment, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus treatment

showed the enhanced growth of basmati rice. The treatment Lactobacillus Rhamnosus + Rhizoctonia Solani

showed the increase in proline and sugar content. The plant defense enzyme SOD, POD, CAT, PPO and PAL

was recorded maximum in the treatment Weissella Confusa + Rhizoctonia Solani except the PPO activity that

was shown higher in Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Control. The Lactobacillus Rhamnosus showed the best

results in basmati rice growth and Weissella Confusa showed the best results in protecting the basmati rice

against Rhizoctonia Solani and can be suggested as potent biocontrol agents.

Title: The uniformly vegetative states and their linear stability in isotropic environmental

conditions: the case of vegetation spirals and arcs

Maroua Messaoudi | Université Moulay Ismail

Abstract:

We present a generic interaction-redistribution model on facilitative and the competitive interactions

between individual plants responsible for the formation of periodic vegetation patterns.

Material and methods: To study the formation mechanisms of plant communities we based on a generic

interaction-redistribution model, which includes the competition and facilitation interactions between

individual plants. We predict theoretically the diameter of a single patch grows in the course of t ime until

it reaches a critical size over which the self-replication phenomenon takes place, leading to the

fragmentation or the circulation of the tufts. This process continues until the system reaches a self-

organized vegetation pattern.

Results and discussions: The kinetic equation governing the evolution of the biomass density b(r,t) at

time t and point r is written in the following form

bt (x, t) = F1 × F2- F3, (1)

Where the first term F1 × F2 of the right-hand side is the growth term; the second term of equation (1)

models the spontaneous or induced death of plants, it expresses the rate at which vegetation density

decreases.

Title: Isolation and Identification of endophytic fungi from Mangrove Rhizophora sp

Ravimannan N | University of Jaffna

Abstract:

Mangroves grow in the intertidal zone where there is high salinity. Previous studies have shown that

mangroves are rich sources of endophytic fungi. Researchers have found that mangrove fungi are important to

mangroves which are adapted to the extreme environmental conditions and suggest that they are potential

sources for screening of new products. In the present study, four different species of Aspergillus sp were

isolated from the mangrove Rhizophora sp. They were morphologically different and had different cultural

characteristics.

Further research should be carried out at molecular level to confirm the isolated Aspergillus sp at species

level.

Title: Green Vaccination: Smart Plant Health Care for Human Welfare

Prashant Singh | University of Rajasthan

Abstract:

One of the biggest challenges for food security in the 21st century is to improve crop yield stability through

the development of disease-resistant crops. Plants are constantly exposed to potentially pathogenic microbes

present in their surrounding environment. Population burst, loss of agricultural land due to climate change,

erosion and lack of water require that we reduce production losses such as those caused by pest and pathogens

as much as possible. As a result, biotic stress, a loss of fitness caused to an individual by other organisms

places a major constraint on plant growth.

In the absence of genetic resistance in crops, food production heavily depends on use of chemical to control

pathogens. Despite their effectiveness, chemicals-based plant defense has detrimental environmental

consequences and creating risks to the wider environment. Modern synthetic chemicals usually have reduced

environmental toxicity; however, they are expensive and only available to advanced agricultural production

systems. Moreover, as with antibiotics, discovery of new chemical to control plant disease is difficult and

extensive use of current agents may result in selection of pathogen strains tolerant to pesticides.

Reducing the dependence of food production on chemical control is a key goal of plant pathology research.

One of the major goals of plant research in the 21st century is to increase our understanding of the plant

defense system and unravel how this is manipulated by pathogens, in order to engineer crops with both

durable resistance against pathogens and increased yields.

Plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system to resist pests and diseases. Apart from their innate

immune system controlling pre-programmed defense reactions, plants can also increase the responsiveness of

their immune system in response to selected environmental signals. This phenomenon is known as “defense

priming”.

Title: Wheat breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses tolerance at ICARDA targeting CWANA and

SSA regions

W. Tadesse | International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas

Abstract:

Wheat production is highly affected by biotic and abiotic stresses at global level in general and in the Central

and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) and Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) regions in particular. Associated

to climate change, heat and drought stresses are increasingly important resulting in reduction of

photosynthesis, pollen viability, grain number and weight, and hence lowering yield and quality of major

cereals and legumes crops. The wheat breeding program at ICARDA uses conventional and molecular

approaches such as the Focused Identification of Germplasm Strategy (FIGS), mega environments, shuttle

breeding, doubled haploids, marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, speed breeding and key location

phenotyping to develop elite genotypes with high yield potential and resistance to the major biotic and abiotic

stresses. Yield levels of the top yielding elite spring bread wheat genotypes ranged up to 6t/ha at Wadmedani

station of Sudan under extreme heat stress, 7t/ha at Merchouch station of Morocco under terminal moisture

stress (260 -300 mm) and 11 t/ha at Sids station in Egypt under optimum conditions. Genetic gain analysis

from 1980 to 2017 showed 2.5, 1.3 and 2.3%year -1 increment at Merchouch, Wadmedani and Sids stations,

respectively. Association mapping identified 14 associations related to grain yield on chromosomes 5B (4),

4B (3), 3B (2), 5A (2), 1B, 2B and 7B (1) under moisture stress. Significant MTAs for yield under heat stress

have been also identified through genome wide association mapping studies.

Title: Impact of agronomic practices on the development of wheat leaf blotches

Biruta Bankina | Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Latvia

Abstract:

A field experiment was established at the Research and Study farm of the Latvia University of Life Sciences

and Technologies (56° 30.658′ N and 23° 41.580′ E) in the autumn of 2008: A – soil tillage system (A1 –

traditional soil tillage with ploughing at the depth of 22–24 cm; A2 – reduced soil tillage with disc harrowing

up to the depth of 10 cm), and B – crop rotation (B1 – continuous wheat; B2 – oilseed rape and wheat; B3 –

crop rotation where barley and faba beans were included in addition to wheat and rape). Data obtained during

2012–2019 were analysed. Severity of leaf diseases was assessed every week, and the area under the disease

progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis dominated during

the experimental period, and also Septoria leaf blotch caused by Zymoseptoria tritici was observed. Minimal

soil tillage significantly increased the development of tan spot but decreased the level of Septoria leaf blotch.

The level of tan spot was higher in continuous wheat sowings but similar in other variants. The inclusion of

faba beans and barley in the crop rotation scheme did not decrease the level of tan spot compared to the

variant where only oilseed rape and wheat were grown. Relationship between these two pathogens has to be

studied in future.

Acknowledgement. The research was supported by the grant from the Ministry of Agriculture of the

Republic of Latvia “Influence of minimal soil tillage on its fertility maintenance, development and

distribution of pests as well as crops’ yield and quality in resowings”.

Title: Photopedogenesis, A Fundamental Soil Forming Process Associated with Soil-Light-

Rhizosphere Interface

Bipin B Mishra | Bihar Agricultural University

Abstract:

Sun light is not only the source of energy during pedogenesis, but works also as an active factor to stimulate

the weathering of rock in presence of moisture leading to soil formation under a sustainable management

strategy, such as regenerating farming or conservation agriculture. Photopedogenesis is a cumulative term

used for weathering of rock in presence of moisture due to emergence of phototrophic microbes and lichens

leading to soil development in time and space. Light radiation passes directly through moist soils since water

is a medium for light. In a simple classical experiment, sunlight was observed to move and penetrates the

moist soil (2 mm). Penetration of light into the moist soil (after reflection) undergoes either absorption or

transmittance or both. The fresh rock during rain (wetness) promotes the growth of lichen, phototrophs,

mosses, blue green algae forming mat, hyphae and root. The biomass so produced undergoes decomposition

and gradually helps in weathering of the rock surface, where contribution of light as well as moisture is vital.

In almost all known soil forming processes, horizonation begins at surface of the parent material forming “O”

horizon and subsequent A, B horizons over C horizon. The “O” horizon is the outcome of the contribution of

sunlight and moisture on rock or parent materials leading to humification.

Soil being the lowest boundary of earth’s atmosphere, interacts with incoming sun light as reflection,

absorption, scattering and transmittance, in which transmitted light is vital to further interact photochemically

to either in soil biofilm as well as in soil-rhizosphere interface, though the role of light radiation in the

existence of either biofilm or rhizosphere has been least understood and necessitates detailed investigation.

Theory of Photopedology was initially developed in 1996, which was subsequently improved to

Photopedogenesis in 2006 as being the fundamental soil forming process besides stabilizing the soil biofilm

and soil-rhizosphere interface. Two additional soil forming factors are proposed in the modern pedology.

Chandrayan 1 in India discovered signals for water on lunar surface

(https://images.app.goo.gl/8BNb2fRoj4MXHP1C6) having weatherable rocks (basalt) and minerals

(pyroxene). Photopedogenesis may be expanded on lunar or mars surface to understand the possibility of soil

genesis.

Title: Pistacia lentiscus: a plant with multiple virtues

Djebbar Atmani | University of Bejaia, Algeria

Abstract:

Medicinal plants are believed to be an important source for the discovery of potential antioxidant,

anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic substances. The present study was designed to investigate

the neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-hyperuricemic potential of Pistacia

lentiscus, as well as identification of active compounds, using appropriate methodology. Evaluation of

antioxidant activity was undertaken to support anti-inflammatory activity.

The antioxidant potential of plant extracts against known radicals was measured using various standard in

vitro methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined using the paw edema model in mice whereas

the anti-diabetic effect was assessed in vivo by streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and in vitro by

inhibition of alpha-amylase. Anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts using in vitro assay was equally

evaluated by measuring the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (Interleukin-1β) using ELISA kits.

Diuretic activity was assessed by measurement of urinary volume output and determination of electrolytes

(Na+ and K+), whereas neuroprotective activity was investigated using Aluminum-induced toxicity test.

Identification of phenolics was also carried out using HPLC-MS.

Pistacia lentiscus extracts and fractions exhibited high scavenging capacity against DPPH, NO. and ABTS+

radicals in a dose-dependent manner, with respective IC50 values of 4.6, 2.71 and 1.0µg/ml and restored blood

glucose levels, in vivo, to normal values, in agreement with the in vitro anti-diabetic effect (65% inhibition of

α-amylase). Oral administration of plant extracts significantly decreased (60% inhibition) carrageenan-

induced mice paw oedema, similar to the standard drug, diclofenac, was effective in reducing the serum levels

of IL-1β in cell culture and induced a significant increase in urinary volume in mice, associated to a promising

anti-hyperuricemic activity.

Title: Metabolomics of a resurrection plant during a complete dehydration/rehydration cycle.

Kjell Sergeant | Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg

Abstract:

A limited number of plant species have the capacity to undergo close-to-complete loss of water and recover

from this, Craterostigma plantagineum is such resurrection plant. In the frame of the current climate change

and the predicted higher frequency of drought, studies of the mechanisms by which C. plantagineum can

withstand drought can provide leads to improve the drought resistance of crops.

In addition to other analyses, the changes in the metabolite profile during a dehydration/rehydration cycle

were followed. Metabolites were extracted at different stages (fully hydrated, partially dehydrated, 2%

relative water content and 24 hours after rewatering) and analysed with both GC-MS (targeting amino acids

and mono-saccharides) and LC-MS for secondary metabolites.

In total about 150 metabolites that undergo a chance in abundance during the dehydration/rehydration cycle

were identified. Major known processes (accumulation of mono- and disaccharides, decreased abundance of

octulose, …) were confirmed by our data. Specific processes for which numerous compounds were identified

include the biosynthesis and degradation of chlorophyll.

However the bulk of the identified compounds is made up of lipids, with most lipid classes including

phophocholines and phosphoethanolamines having an increased abundance during dehydration.

Title: 2 Da, a small but significant difference

Kjell Sergeant | Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg

Abstract:

Although rare in natural proteins, α-β didehydroamino acids are essential components of numerous bioactive

peptides. They are furthermore intensively studied for their conformation-directing properties and in the

production of recombinant proteins with a custom-made fold.

While doing a study on the cell wall proteome of alfalfa stems, a mass shift of -2Da was observed on a

phenylalanine of the β-subunit of polygalacturonase (BPG). An observation confirmed by reanalysis of

datasets generated in-house or downloaded from proteomics repositories. The conclusion of these analyses is

that all identified phenylalanines in the sequence FxxY of the active BPG are modified by desaturation of the

alpha-beta carbon bond, resulting in didehydrophenylalanine (ΔPhe). The same modification was not

observed in any other protein, not from plants nor from animal or bacterial origin.

The known fold-determining properties of didehydroamino acids also give a clue on the functional

significance of this modification. The protein is inherently disordered without modification but known to

interact tightly with the catalytic subunit of polygalacturonase and pectin nonetheless. The repetitive

occurrence of ΔPhe might be the way by which the protein’s fold is stabilized to ensure these interactions.

This research was supported by funding obtained through the National Research Fund Luxembourg, FNR

Project CANCAN C13/SR/5774202 and CADWALL INTER/FWO/13/14.

Title: Screening Vitis Genotypes for Responses to Botrytis cinerea and Evaluation of Antioxidant Enzymes,

Reactive Oxygen Species and Jasmonic Acid in Resistant and Susceptible Hosts

Mati Ur Rahman | State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, China.

Abstract:

Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen with devastating effects on many Vitis genotypes.

Here, a screening of 81 Vitis genotypes for leaf resistance to B. cinerea revealed two highly resistant (HR),

twelve resistant (R), twenty-five susceptible (S) and forty-two highly susceptible (HS) genotypes. We focused

on the HR genotype, ‘Zi Qiu’ (Vitis davidii), and the HS genotype ‘Riesling’ (V. vinifera), to elucidate

mechanisms of host resistance and susceptibility against B. cinerea, using detached leaf assays. These

involved a comparison of fungal growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, jasmonic acid (JA) levels,

and changes in the anti-oxidative system between the two genotypes after inoculation with B. cinerea. Our

results indicated that the high-level resistance of ‘Zi Qiu’ can be attributed to insignificant fungal

development, low ROS production, timely elevation of anti-oxidative functions, and high JA levels.

Moreover, severe fungal infection of ‘Riesling’ and sustained ROS production coincided with relatively

unchanged anti-oxidative activity, as well as low JA levels. This study provides insights into B. cinerea

infection in grape, which can be valuable for breeders by providing information for selecting suitable

germplasm with enhanced disease resistance.

Title: Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Vegetation Dynamics as a Response to Climate Variability

and Drought Patterns in the Semiarid Region, Eritrea

Simon Measho | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, China

Abstract:

There is a growing concern over change in vegetation dynamics and drought patterns with the increasing

climate variability and warming trends in Africa, particularly in the semiarid regions of East Africa. Here,

several geospatial techniques and datasets were used to analyze the spatio-temporal vegetation dynamics in

response to climate (precipitation and temperature) and drought in Eritrea from 2000 to 2017. A pixel-based

trend analysis was performed, and a Pearson correlation coefficient was computed between vegetation indices

and climate variables. In addition, vegetation condition index (VCI) and standard precipitation index (SPI)

classifications were used to assess drought patterns in the country. The results demonstrated that there was a

decreasing NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) slope at both annual and seasonal time scales

(Figure 1). In the study area, 57.1% of the pixels showed a decreasing annual NDVI trend, while the

significance was higher in South-Western Eritrea. In most of the agro-ecological zones, the shrublands and

croplands showed decreasing NDVI trends. About 87.16% of the study area had a positive correlation

between growing season NDVI and precipitation (39.34%, p < 0.05). The Gash Barka region of the country

showed the strongest and most significant correlations between NDVI and precipitation values. The specific

drought assessments based on VCI and SPI summarized that Eritrea had been exposed to recurrent droughts

of moderate to extreme conditions during the last 18 years. Based on the correlation analysis and drought

patterns, this study confirms that low precipitation was mainly attributed to the slowly declining vegetation

trends and increased drought conditions in the semi-arid region.

Title: Physiological and qualitative response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) to varying planting methods, sowing time and irrigation schedules Wasiq Ikram| Minhaj University Lahore

Abstract:

Crop management strategies that reduce ground water depletion and labour requirement, while maintaining

and enhancing crop yields are urgently needed in Pakistan, to grow more crops with efficient natural resource

management. Dry direct-seeded rice (DSR) has been proposed as one of the means in achieving these

objectives. However, optimal water management strategy for DSR is required to be devised with respect to

paddy yield as well as grain quality. Moreover planting time also affects crop growth, yield and quality.

Therefore field experiments were conducted to investigate the physiological and qualitative response of rice

(Oryza sativa L.) to varying planting methods, sowing time and irrigation schedules. The irrigation scheduling

was based on soil moisture conditions ranging from continuous flooding (CF) for transplanted rice (TPR) to

alternate wetting and drying (AWD) for DSR. Different growth, yield and qualitative parameters were

recorded to evaluate sowing window, planting methods and irrigation schedules using Basmati variety (Super

Basmati). The higher paddy yield was recorded in early planted (EP) DSR than TPR. Among different

irrigation schedules, 3 supplemental irrigations (SI) at reproductive stage in addition to AWD style resulted in

higher yield as compared to the other schedules. Under DSR, EP (mid June) produced enhanced crop growth

and yield than end June sowing. The DSR-AWD treatment improved water use efficiency with 17 % water

saving than TPR. Furthermore, DSR+AWD at reproductive stage resulted in higher leaf protein but less sugar

as compared to the other irrigation treatments.

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