С п и р т ы - aneks.center · pdf fileh3c ch3 ch3 c ch3 h3c oh h 2 c ch ch 2 ho h 2 o h...
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ROH
OH C OOH
C
O
CH2H3C CH2
OH H3C CH2H
C
O H3C CH3C
OH3C CH2 C
O
OH
.
-
-1
()
,
.
,
.
OH OHCH2
H3C CH
OH
CH3CH2
()
,
OH
CH3-CH2OH
H2C CH2
OHHO H2C CH2
OHOH OH
CH
H3C CH
OH
CH3CH2
CH3-CH2-CH2- OH CH2=CH-CH2- OH CH
2OH
CH3
CH
OH
CH3H3C
CH3
C
CH3
H3C OH
H2C CH CH2
OHHO OH 2
H2C CH CH2
OHHO OH 3
H2C CH CH2
OHHO OH 4
H3C CH2CH
CH3
OH
1
2
3
:
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2
OH
-1
H3C CH
CH3
2--1
OHCH2
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2
OH
-1
H3C CH2 CH CH3
OH
-2
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 OH
-1
H3C CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3O
(
)
t= 98
t = 64,5
= 0,793 /3
(
)
t= 117,3
t = 78,3
= 0,79 /3
.avi
C O
H
0,142
0,094 108,5
R O H
,
,
/3
CH3OH 97,8 64,7 0,793
CH3CH2OH 117,3 78,3 0,790
-1 CH3CH2CH2OH 127 97,2 0,804
-2 CH3CH(OH)CH3 88 82,2 0,785
-1 CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 79,9 117,7 0,809
2--1 CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH 108 108,4 0,801
-1 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH 78,2 138 0,814
-1 CH3(CH2)8CH2OH 6,0 231,0 0,829
R CO
O
H
RC
O
O
H
:
) ; )
)
R
C
HO O
R
C
HO O
R
C
HO O
)
, /
,
44 42
46 78
58 0
-1 60 97
60 118
62 197
72 35
74 35
72 76
-1 74 118
74 141
+
+
+
1. ( )
2. -Hal
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. ()
( )
2C2H5OH + 2Na 2C2H5ONa + H2
CH3-CH2-OH + NaOH CH3-CH2-ONa + H2O
( )
.avi
C O H
H3C CH2 OH Br+ H3C CH2 Br + H2OH
CH3 CH2 O H + H O CH2 CH3
H2SO4 (.)
140 oC
- H2O
H3C CH CH2
OH
CH3
-
H2SO4 (.)
- H2OH3C CH CH CH3
-2
H2C CH2H2C CH2
H OH
180 oC
- H2O
H2SO4 (.)
CH3 CH2 O CH2 CH3
H3C CH2 OHCuO,
CO
H3CH
- H2O
- Cu
CO
H3CH
H3C3 CH2 OH + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 3 + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 7H2O
.mpg .avi
CH3CH2OH + KMnO4 + H2SO4 =
= CH3COOH + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O
H3C CH2 OHPt,
CO
H3CH- H2
C2H5OH + 3O2 = 2CO2 + 3H2O
.mpg .avi
.
CH3CH2OH
( )
Na
H2 CH3CH2ONa
CH3CH2Br ()
HBr
- H2O
H2SO4 ., 80 C
H2SO4 ., 170 C
- H2O
- H2O
CH3CH2OCH2CH3
H2C=CH2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
H2
O2
CuO
H
O
CCH3
K2Cr2O7, H+
KMnO4 , H2SO4
( )
H
O
CCH3
, H+
OH
O
CCH3
CH
OH
O CH2-CH3CH3
()
CO2 + H2O
CH3COOH,
H+
- H2O
CH3C
O
O CH2-CH3
9
8
10
-
HCl = H+ + Cl-
H2SO4 = 2H+ + SO4
2-
Na O H Ba MgO H
O H
O H
O H
Cl O H
O
O
O
P
O H
O HO H
O S
O H
O H
O
O
!
H3C CH2 BrNaOH (.)
- NaBrH3C CH2 OH
H2C CH CH3H2O, H
+
H3C CH CH3
OH
-2
( )
CO
H3CH
CH2
H2, PtH3C CH2 CH2 OH
-1
CO + 2H2 CH3OHp, .
(C6H10O5)n C6H12O6 C2H5OH
- CO2
C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 ( ..)
CuO,ZnO,Cr2O3, 250-400 C, 5-10
CH3OH
O2 HCl
NH3
SO3
CO+H2HC CH
HC CH+CO
C6H5NH2
H2S
CO
HH
CH3Cl
CH3NH2
(CH3O)2SO2
CH3COOHH2C CH CH3O
H2C CH CH3O C
O
C6H5N(CH3)2
CH3SH
.avi
2=2 + KMnO4 + H2O
+ MnO2 + KOH
4
2
3 3 2
2
+
:
H2C CH2
OH OH
H2C CH2
O2, Ag, 300 oC H2O
H2C CH2
O
OHH2C
H2C OH2 + Cu(OH)2
OH2C
H2C OCu
O
O
CH2
CH2
+ 2H2O
H
H
CH2
CH
CH2
OH
OH
OH + Cu(OH)2
H2C
HC
H2C
O
O
O
CH2
CH
CH2
O
O
OCu
H H
H H
+ 2H2O2
.avi .avi
OHH2C
HC OH
H2C OH
HO-NO2
HO-NO2
HO-NO2
+
+
+
OH2C
HC O
H2C O
NO2
NO2
NO2
+ 3H2O
H2SO4 (.)
(1833-1896)
(1812-1888)
27-2009-1
-
1)
2)
3)
4)
29-2009-1
1)
2)
3)
4)
B1-2009-1
()
, (-)
) C6H6O
) C6H12O6
) C3H8O
) C2H6O
()
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
18-2009-2
X Y
1) X KOH, Y - NaCl
2) X HOH, Y - NaOH
3) X KOH, Y - Na
4) X O2, Y - Na
27-2009-3
1)
2) (II)
3) (II)
4)
14-2009-3
1)
2) 2-
3)
4)
16-2009-3
(II)
1)
2)
3)
4)
18-2009-3
X3
1) 1,2,3-
2)
3) 2,3--1-
4)
27-2009-4
-2
1) 1- KOH
2) 2- KOH
3) 1- KOH
4) 2- KOH
26-2009-5
1)
2)
3)
4)
27-2009-5
1)
2)
3)
4)
B7-2009-5
:
1)
2)
3)
4) (III)
5)
6)
: ____________
16-2009-6
Cu(OH)2
,
1) -1,2
2) -1
3)
4) -2
28-2009-6
1)
2) (III)
3) (II)
4)
16-2009-7
1) H2
2) Cu
3) Ag2O (NH3, -)
4) Cu(OH)2
!
!