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VolcanoesChapter 9

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CRCT Preparation

Chapter 9 CRCT Preparation

1. An underground surge in magma causes a sudden and significant increase in the ground temperature of a glacier covered volcano. This will most likely result in

A flooding or a mudslide.

B a global temperature increase.

C a tidal wave.

D a forest fire.

1. An underground surge in magma causes a sudden and significant increase in the ground temperature of a glacier covered volcano. This will most likely result in

A flooding or a mudslide.

B a global temperature increase.

C a tidal wave.

D a forest fire.

2. A student models a volcanic eruption by using a syringe to inject blue colored water through a dome shaped gelatin mold. What is one of this model’s most significant limitations?

A Gelatin is clear, whereas actual volcanoes are opaque.

B Gelatin does not accurately simulate the materials of which actual volcanoes are made.

C Actual volcanoes have red lava, not blue.

D Actual volcanoes erupt with more force than a syringe.

2. A student models a volcanic eruption by using a syringe to inject blue colored water through a dome shaped gelatin mold. What is one of this model’s most significant limitations?

A Gelatin is clear, whereas actual volcanoes are opaque.

B Gelatin does not accurately simulate the materials of which actual volcanoes are made.

C Actual volcanoes have red lava, not blue.

D Actual volcanoes erupt with more force than a syringe.

3. When a volcanic explosion fills the atmosphere with a large amount of volcanic ash, which of the following is a likely result?

A The average global temperature will decrease.

B The average duration of a day will become shorter.

C Ocean tide levels will be affected.

D Only the area near the volcano will be affected.

3. When a volcanic explosion fills the atmosphere with a large amount of volcanic ash, which of the following is a likely result?

A The average global temperature will decrease.

B The average duration of a day will become shorter.

C Ocean tide levels will be affected.

D Only the area near the volcano will be affected.

Use the illustration to answer question 4.

4. What is the term for the area to which the arrow is pointing?

A lava

B crater

C vent

D magma chamber

Use the illustration to answer question 4.

4. What is the term for the area to which the arrow is pointing?

A lava

B crater

C vent

D magma chamber

5. Which of the following situations represents the greatest amount of potential energy?

A A large bolder is blown into the air by an explosive eruption.

B Low viscosity lava flows quickly downhill.

C A huge boulder is perched atop a cliff and is on the verge of falling 1000 m to the ground below.

D A tree that was blown over by a powerful eruption lies flat on the ground.

5. Which of the following situations represents the greatest amount of potential energy?

A A large bolder is blown into the air by an explosive eruption.

B Low viscosity lava flows quickly downhill.

C A huge boulder is perched atop a cliff and is on the verge of falling 1000 m to the ground below.

D A tree that was blown over by a powerful eruption lies flat on the ground.

6. A model of a volcano that uses vinegar and baking soda is limited because

A the eruption is unpredictable.

B baking soda is white, while lava is red.

C real volcanoes are much larger than the model.

D most volcanoes are extinct.

6. A model of a volcano that uses vinegar and baking soda is limited because

A the eruption is unpredictable.

B baking soda is white, while lava is red.

C real volcanoes are much larger than the model.

D most volcanoes are extinct.

7. In which of the following situations would there be the greatest amount of kinetic energy?

A just prior to eruption, when incredible pressure has built up inside a volcano

B during an explosive eruption in which pyroclastic material is blown high into the atmosphere

C just after an explosive eruption, when most of the debris has settled back to the ground.

D long after a shield volcano has moved from a “hot spot”

7. In which of the following situations would there be the greatest amount of kinetic energy?

A just prior to eruption, when incredible pressure has built up inside a volcano

B during an explosive eruption in which pyroclastic material is blown high into the atmosphere

C just after an explosive eruption, when most of the debris has settled back to the ground.

D long after a shield volcano has moved from a “hot spot”

Use the table to answer question 8.

8. According to the data collected above, which type of magma is least likely to cause an explosive eruption?

A felsic magma C mafic

B intermediate magma D ultramafic

Use the table to answer question 8.

8. According to the data collected above, which type of magma is least likely to cause an explosive eruption?

A felsic magma C mafic

B intermediate magma D ultramafic

9. One of the active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii is named Kilauea. If Kilauea is a shield volcano, which of the following is a valid conclusion?

A Kilauea formed from repeated eruptions of low viscosity lava that have spread over a wide area.

B Kilauea formed from repeated moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material.

C Kilauea is primarily made up of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material.

D Kilauea has formed a cinder cone through repeated eruptions of high viscosity lava.

9. One of the active volcanoes on the island of Hawaii is named Kilauea. If Kilauea is a shield volcano, which of the following is a valid conclusion?

A Kilauea formed from repeated eruptions of low viscosity lava that have spread over a wide area.

B Kilauea formed from repeated moderately explosive eruptions of pyroclastic material.

C Kilauea is primarily made up of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material.

D Kilauea has formed a cinder cone through repeated eruptions of high viscosity lava.

10. A large volcanic eruption covers nearby farmland in several meters of ash. Which is a true statement about the ash in the immediate future?

A The ash will be an effective plant fertilizer and will result in record crop yields.

B The ash will smother the crops, possibly leading to food shortages in the immediate area.

C The ash will be a nuisance, but it can easily be removed from the area.

D The ash may cause thunderstorms.

10. A large volcanic eruption covers nearby farmland in several meters of ash. Which is a true statement about the ash in the immediate future?

A The ash will be an effective plant fertilizer and will result in record crop yields.

B The ash will smother the crops, possibly leading to food shortages in the immediate area.

C The ash will be a nuisance, but it can easily be removed from the area.

D The ash may cause thunderstorms.

11. Georgia has no volcanoes. Yet, Georgia’s climate can still be affected by volcanoes. How?

11. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points:

• Erupting volcanoes can throw volcanic ash and gases high into the upper atmosphere.

• Winds can move ash and gases throughout the globe.

• When a large volume of volcanic ash is hurled into the atmosphere, the ash blocks sunlight and decreases the global temperature for a short period of time.

12. How does magma form at a convergent boundary?

12. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points:

• As the oceanic lithosphere descends, temperature and pressure on the subducting plate increase.

• Increased heat and pressure cause the water in the subducting oceanic lithosphere to be released.

• The water lowers the melting point of rock in the mantle, and the rock melts.

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c actual volcanoes

d actual volcanoes

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b gelatin

global temperature increase

average global temperature

ground temperature