Causes of the American Civil War Slave Triangle: Spanish and Portuguese first began using African Slaves on sugar plantations first African Slaves arrive in Jamestown Use your description and find the location that your card is describing. Possible locations: Africa, England, Americas, Middle passage. Missouri Compromise There were 11 free and 11 slave states Maine and Missouri both applied for statehood Missouri Compromise: Maine enter as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. 36 30 latitude line determined as the dividing line between slave and free states in future. Compromise of 1850 After gold is discovered in California in 1849, California wants to become a state. Problem: There are 15 slave and 15 free states. The 3630 line goes through California. It is the only area wanting to become a state. How would you solve this problem ? Compromise of 1850 California would enter as a free state Slave Trade ended in Washington D.C. Texas could not annex New Mexico territory Fugitive Slave Law Slavery would continue in Washington D.C. Popular Sovereignty in New Mexico Territoryfm?guidAssetId=10A0EE83-08A3-4C8D- A5CC- 13F60BEA8097&blnFromSearch=1&product code=US Compromise of 1850: Georgias Platform South Carolina threatened to leave the Union (2 nd time) and tried to get Georgia to follow. Georgia said that they would stay in the union as long as the U.S. upheld the agreement set forth in the Compromise. Kansas-Nebraska Act Popular Sovereignty Abolitionists and slave holders both went to Kansas to try and influence the vote. Fighting breaks out between the groups leading to the reputation of Bleeding KansassetId=10A0EE83-08A3-4C8D-A5CC- 13F60BEA8097&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=USsetId=10A0EE83-08A3-4C8D-A5CC- 13F60BEA8097&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US With you tablemates, create diagram or graphic organizer listing the information you learned on the 3 compromises. Dredd Scott 1857: A slave that sued his owner for his freedom after he was taken to live in free territory. The court ruled that slaves did not have the right to sue and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories. This was a huge win for the south but outraged antislavery forces in the North increasing the rift between the two regionsn.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=1 0A0EE83-08A3-4C8D-A5CC- 13F60BEA8097&blnFromSearch =1&productcode=USn.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=1 0A0EE83-08A3-4C8D-A5CC- 13F60BEA8097&blnFromSearch =1&productcode=US John Brown An extreme abolitionists that became famous during the fighting in Kansas. In 1859 he led a raid at Harpers Ferry Virginia on the Federal Arsenal with the intent of starting a slave revolt at neighboring plantations. He held hostage some of the townspeople and was finally captured by U.S. Captain Robert E. Lee.dex.cfm?guidAssetId=0D8E1667-F00E- 4B D03BE106B&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=USdex.cfm?guidAssetId=0D8E1667-F00E- 4B D03BE106B&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=US Abolitionists Frederick Douglas: a former slave that worked to abolish slavery through speeches and his Newspaper, The North Star. William Lloyd Garrison: wrote against slavery in his newspaper The Liberator. Harriet Tubman: an escaped slave that worked to help other slaves escape via passages and safe houses to Canada to freedom. Harriet Beecher Stowe: wrote Uncle Toms Cabin about slave life in the south. Encouraged many people in the north to become abolitionists. 2 min brainstorm If you were an abolitionist living in the mid 1800s in Georgia, how would you help the abolitionist movement? How would you protect yourself from getting caught? Slavery in Georgia By 1860 price of a good field hand was $1,800. There was some antislavery attitudes in the state. Some slave owners freed slaves in their wills, however in 1801, GA legislature passed a law saying only they could free slaves. Georgia prohibited free blacks to come into the state. Slavery in Georgia Back to Africa Movement: started by Paul Cuffe. In 1820, 86 people left New York and settled the new colony on the west coast of Africa and named it Liberia. Eventually around 1200 ex slaves went to Liberia and it became a nation in dex.cfm?guidAssetId=3B77D9BA-1C64- 4A3C-821A D54&blnFromSearch=1&produ ctcode=USdex.cfm?guidAssetId=3B77D9BA-1C64- 4A3C-821A D54&blnFromSearch=1&produ ctcode=US Penny for your thoughts If you were a free black living in Georgia in the 1800s, how would you feel about the Back to Africa Movement? Would you decide to move to Africa? Why or why not? Get with your face partner and discuss your thoughts. Economic differences: 1. North industry, cities. Swift rivers made it possible to power factories and natural harbors for foreign trade. People in the cities began to depend on the govt for things like police and fire protection. 2. South agricultural economy. Warm climate and fertile soil. Most lived on farms where they were very independent and provided everything they needed on the farm. Did not rely on govt for services. By 1820 political leaders were looking at issues in terms of how they affected their particular section rather than as a nation. Sectionalism: placing sectional interests above national. Tariffs: the north wanted to place a high tax on imported goods. North: high tariffs would protect their business in their factories as their goods would be cheaper than products from Great Britain. South: Did not have factories to protect. High tariffs meant a lower demand on cotton cloth imported from Britain which cut back on the amount of cotton that Great Britain bought from the south. Lifestyle: North: Cities in the north allowed for much more social interaction between the people. People had free time to go to plays, lectures, shows. South: People did not live very close to others and social events usually surrounded production (barn raising, quilt making, etc.) Church attendance on Sundays provided social time for many families. Structure: the social structure North: In the north, social class was tied directly to money. It was possible to move up and down on the social ladder. As many opportunities existed to move up in a company or factory, people were also able to move up socially. Also more interaction was held between the classes, especially at certain places such as lectures etc. South: Class was tied to cotton and slaves. As a result it was impossible to move up on the ladder. Where a person was born would be the station that the person remained. A families reputation was very important during this time. South States rights: The south believed that the states should have the ultimate power over decisions except in issues specifically granted to the U.S. government by the Constitution. Some people in the south believed that states had the power of nullification right to determine if a law passed by Congress was constitutional or not. In 1828 and 1832, S.C. nullified the tariffs and favored secession. GA did not follow suit because of the strong support for President Andrew Jackson who did not support nullification. Why did GA support Andrew Jackson so strongly? Lincolns Election: ran as a Republican party that was started in Republican platform: free land in the west, tariffs, and stopping the spread of slavery into the west. There were 2 Democrats that ran. South nominated John Breckinridge and the north nominated Stephen Douglas. Because of the split, Lincoln won. Stephen Douglas John Breckinridge Abraham Lincoln In November 1860 after Lincolns election GA voted to use $1 million to defend the state and raise 10,000 state troops. Governor Joseph Brown stated: 1. Lincoln would appoint Republican Supreme Court Justices 2. In less than25 years Slavery would be eliminated from the country. 3. Believed that if the south seceded before Lincolns inauguration that a special convention would be called giving the south the guaranteed constitutional rights they sought. Gov. Joseph E. Brown By January of 1861, South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, and Alabama had seceded. On January 29, 1861 Georgia officially seceded from the U.S. Ordinance of Secession: GAs 1788 ratification of U.S. Constitution was repealed GAs membership in the union of states known as the U.S. was now dissolved. GA was now an independent and free nation. By Feb. 4, 1861, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas became the Original 7 Confederate States. Jefferson Davis of Mississippi - President Alexander Stephens of Georgia Vice President Thomas R.R. Cobb of Georgia drafted new Constitution. Alexander Stephens was against secession/ however when GA voted to secede, he supported his states decision.