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-Civics- Spring 2013

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Immigration

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U.S. Naturalization Oath (1929, 1950) "I hereby declare, on oath, that I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen; that I will support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I will bear arms on behalf of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform noncombatant service in the armed forces of the United States when required by the law; that I will perform work of national importance under civilian direction when required by the law; and that I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; so help me God.

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U.S. Immigration & Naturalization Unit 1 Spring 2013

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Citizenship: Membership in da club! One is a citizen if born in the U.S. or American territories Guam, Puerto Rico both parents are U.S. citizens goes through Naturalization process More complicated when born outside U.S. & only one parent is U.S. citizen unmarried couple have child outside U.S. Duel citizenship= citizenship in two countries

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What

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U.S. Immigration & Naturalization The Constitution provides Congress with power to make laws affecting immigration & naturalization Restrictions have been around for a long time Naturalization Act of 1790: citizenship denied to non-whites Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882: this & subsequent acts ban Chinese until 1943 Arizona SB 1070 (2010): police can demand to see papers more to this law June 2012, Supreme Court struck down this part of law DREAM Act (2012): immigrant children in legal limbo allowed to stay if attend college or military

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Government 101 Essential Question: What is government & what role does it play in society?

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Early Governments Why is government needed? Create order/stability that makes many things possible Ex: Protection (laws that deter crime), roads to travel on, unemployment benefits, social security, public education Earliest government existed 5000 years ago, Sumerians in Mesopotamia (present day Middle East) where farming first developed Code of Hammurabi in Babylon, most famous written laws from the ancient world (~1790 B.C.) Ex: An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth The Code of Hammurabi was discovered etched into a large column in the shape of a finger which would have been located in the center of the city for all to see.

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Duties of Governments #1 duty is to create laws or rules of conduct Make sure people obey laws Settle conflicts between people Punish offenders Protect citizens Provide services Plan for future For each of the duties above, write down how the government achieves each one.

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Forms of Government Democracy: rule by many Direct Democracy Everyone participate in the lawmaking process Ex. Ancient Athens (all male citizens) Representative Democracy (Republic) the people elect representatives to represent their interests in govt Ex. United States

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Forms of Government Autocracy: rule by one Monarchy One person makes laws, position inherited Ex. King Louis XVI of France (Absolute monarch) Dictatorship One person makes laws, position usually taken & maintained by force Ex. Hitler in Nazi Germany

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Forms of Government Theocracy: Rule by a divine authority Ex. Vatican City, Iran Oligarchy: rule by a few Ex. Soviet Union when only Communist Party members allowed to vote or hold office Anarchy: rule by no one

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Debates on Government What should governments purpose be? Who should govern the nation? Is there such a thing as too much government or too little government? How do you prevent too much or too little government? You have now entered the greatest ongoing debate in the history of man