classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions
DESCRIPTION
Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved Today’s system developed by Carolus Linnaeus Organization of Biological Diversity: ◦ Domain (often not even used) ◦ Kingdom ◦ Phylum ◦ Class ◦ Order ◦ Family ◦ Genus ◦ SpeciesTRANSCRIPT
Biological Diversity
Classification is the grouping of living organisms according to similar structures and functions
Classification
Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved
Today’s system developed by Carolus Linnaeus Organization of Biological Diversity:
◦ Domain (often not even used)◦ Kingdom◦ Phylum◦ Class◦ Order◦ Family◦ Genus◦ Species
History of Classification
A taxonomic category that is based on fundamental differences among organisms
Three main domains:◦ Bacteria◦ Archaea◦ Eukarya
Domain
Taxonomic category made up of related phyla
Six kingdoms currently recognized for living organisms◦ Bacteria◦ Archaea◦ Protista◦ Plantae◦ Animalia◦ Fungi
Kingdom
Prokaryotes (lack nucleus) Unicellular (one cell) Heterotrophic (most)-eat other organisms for
energy All bacteria are in the same domain and kingdom,
which is not true for a lot of organisms! Examples: E. Coli, Streptococcus
Bacteria
Prokaryotes Unicellular Live in extreme environments Ex: Sulfolobus acidocaldarius(grow in
volcanos), Methanogens (produce methane)
Archaea
Eukaryotes (contain nuclei) Multicellular (multiple cells making up
organism) Four kingdoms in this domain
◦ Protista◦ Animalia◦ Fungi◦ Plantae
Eukarya
Mainly unicellular Heterotrophic or Photosynthetic (use light
as energy) Ex: Protozoa, slime molds
Protista
Heterotrophic Contain a nervous system Ex: Us!!, Fish, Bats, Snakes (lots of
examples!)
Animalia
Heterotrophic Absorb nutrients Contain cell walls of chitin (distinguishes
them from plants!) Ex: mushrooms, truffles
“The latest auction was for two truffles weighing just under 3 lbs total. $330,000 was paid for the fungal delicacy.”
Fungi
Photosynthetic Cell walls made with cellulose Ex: Trees, Mosses, Ferns
Plantae
Now that we know how living organisms are organized, let’s look at the differences in the microscope!
While looking at the samples, I would like you to note:◦ Differences between organisms/cells in different
kingdoms◦ Differences in organisms/cells in similar kingdoms◦ Common features in plant slides
This Kingdom will be our focus for this class!