© copyright 2010 - 2014 ontario swimming officials’ association 1 january 2011 judge of stroke,...

© Copyright 2010 - 2014 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1

January 2011

JUDGE OF STROKE, INSPECTOR OF TURNS & HEAD LANE TIMEKEEPER

© Copyright 2010 - 2014Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association

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Judge of Stroke

Stroke Judge

Chief Stroke Judge

Strokes and Turns Judge

Turn Judge

Judge of Turns

Inspector of Turns

For your information …


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The Judge of Stroke


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1. Inspect the technique of the competitor2. Observe the turns and the finishes to assist the

inspector of turns3. Note all infractions, disqualify offenders4. Inform referee and/or Technical Advisor (TA) if

a Para swimmer of any disqualifications5. Within 15 minutes shall inform the competitor

and/or coach (if so instructed by the referee) 6. May be assigned extra duty of assisting judging

relay take-overs

Function of Judge of Stroke


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Turns Judge

Judge of Stroke

Judge of Stroke


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1. Observe the swimmer,• Commencing from the beginning of the last armstroke before

touching and ending with the completion of the first armstroke after turning

• During the “touch”

2. Note all infractions, disqualify offenders3. Inform referee of any disqualifications (and TA if

Para swimmer)4. Within 15 minutes shall inform the competitor and/or

coach (if so instructed by the referee) 5. Judge relay takeovers6. Ring bells on 800/1500s7. Operate lap-counters at turn end for 800/1500s if

requested by swimmer, coach, or referee

Function of Inspector of Turns


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Turns Judges

Judge of Stroke

Judge of Stroke

However …


8Strokes and Turns Judge

When serving as both you should be positioned to move between the side and the end of the pool.


9Strokes and Turns Judge

More typical is to find Strokes and Turns Judges observing the turn end of the pool.


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Filling out the Card

Write DQ clearly across the front of the card.

DQ


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Filling out the Card

On the back of the card,• Write the time of the occurrence

1:25 pm


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Filling out the Card1:25 pmat 50 m

On the back of the card,• Write the time of the occurrence• Write the distance at which the DQ occurred


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Filling out the Card1:25 pm

On the back of the card,• Write the time of the occurrence• Write the distance at which the DQ occurred• Use correct wording to describe the DQ

Non-simultaneous touch at the turnat 50 m


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Filling out the Card1:25 pm

On the back of the card,• Write the time of the occurrence• Write the distance at which the DQ occurred• Use correct wording to describe the DQ• Sign the card; Print Your Name

Non-simultaneous touch at the turn

Bob Marley

at 50 m


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Disqualification FormAt Cardless Meets,

• Typically a form with specific locations to be completed• Including,

• The Event number• The Heat number• The Lane number• Swimmer’s name (used in Ontario –

but not at Nationals or Trials)• The time of the occurrence• The distance at which the DQ occurred• Use correct wording to describe the DQ• Sign the card

• Present to Referee and/or TA if Para swimmer• Ensure swimmer or coach has been told


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Head Lane Timer

Strokes and Turns Certified.

who is also

A Head Lane Timer is a Timer


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Chief Timer

AssistantChief Timer

{{{{{

{Timers

Timers

Timers

Timers

Timers

Timers

StrokesAndTurns

MarshallingArea

Head Lane Timer

Judge of Stroke

Judge of Stroke


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Head Lane Timer

Responsibilities1. Checking the swimmer’s name for each heat2. Checking that swimmers are competing in relays in the order

stated on the card or lane sheet3. Taking splits – ensuring that 3 times (splits) are taken on

the first leg of a relay4. Ringing the bell on distance events5. Judge relay take-over

These are duties which the Head Lane Timer

may assign prior to the start of the meet.


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Head Lane TimerAdditional Responsibilities

Ensuring no one touches the timing pads

Ensure 3 manual times are collected for swimmers in senior events and for swimmers with disabilities

Long Distance Events (800m and 1500m events)

Verify completed lengths with Chief Timer

Ensure split time for each lap is recorded

Bell is rung

o With 2 lengths + 5 meters remaining

o Over the right hand lane marker

o Continuously from wall approach to the backstroke flags


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Did you know?Swimmer may …

• Stop and stand on the bottom of the pool only in freestyle

• Hang on to the lane rope (to catch their breath) only in freestyle

• Come back under the lane rope if they have moved to an incorrect lane (provided in breaststroke they take only one stroke)


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However,Swimmer may not …

• Walk on the bottom of the pool

• Push off from the bottom of the pool

• Pull on the lane markers


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Overview of all StrokesThe StartThe StrokeThe Turn


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Overview of all Strokes

Note: The rules are extensively modified for Para Swimming. Please refer to the Para

Appendix at the end of this slide set for the Para specific rules.


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Overview of all Strokes

For Masters Swimming, the following general rule applies.


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Masters Swimming Only

Strokes

CMSW 2.1.6 The referee should note that some Masters swimmers through age or infirmity, may be unable to adhere strictly to the technicalities of the rules, such as symmetry in breaststroke.

In these cases, the theory of illegally gaining an unfair advantage shall apply before a disqualification is declared.

The swimmer shall be responsible for notifying the session referee of any such infirmity before the start of the race.


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Breaststroke SW 7The Start

Head must break the surface of the water by the time the arms have reached the widest portion

of the second arm pull. Each stroke cycle must contain one pull and one kick in that order. During each cycle some part of the swimmer’s head

must break the surface of the water.

Head must break the surface of the water by the time the arms have reached the widest portion

of the second arm pull. Each stroke cycle must contain one pull and one kick in that order. During each cycle some part of the swimmer’s head

must break the surface of the water.


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Breaststroke SW 7Butterfly during Start/Turn

1. 2.

Note: Swimmer does not have to be submerged during butterfly any more!

A butterfly kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and at each turn: 1. Must be initiated during the first arm pull – i.e., between time hands separate from streamlining until they reach maximum extension past hips 2. Must be followed by a breaststroke kick


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The Stroke

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

The arm pull must not go beyond the hips (except for the first underwater pull)

The arm pull must not go beyond the hips (except for the first underwater pull)

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

Breaststroke

The elbows shall remain under the water except for ….

The elbows shall remain under the water except for ….

… the final stroke before the turn, during the turn and for the final stroke at the finish.

… the final stroke before the turn, during the turn and for the final stroke at the finish.


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Watch that the head surfaces once per stroke cycle. There must not be any water flowing

over the head.

Watch that the head surfaces once per stroke cycle. There must not be any water flowing

over the head.

The Stroke

Breaststroke


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Watch that the feet are turned outward in the backward movement.

Watch that the feet are turned outward in the backward movement.

The Stroke

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

Breaststroke


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The Stroke

Breaststroke


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One more time …

Watch that all movements of the arms are simultaneous and in

the same horizontal plane.

Watch that all movements of the arms are simultaneous and in

the same horizontal plane.

The Stroke

Breaststroke


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Watch for a simultaneous two hand

touch.

Watch for a simultaneous two hand

touch.

The Turn

Head may be submerged.

Head may be submerged.

Breaststroke


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The Turn

Breaststroke


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The Turn

Breaststroke


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The Turn

Breaststroke


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The Turn

Breaststroke

Watch for any alternating movement.

One more time …

A butterfly kick is NOT part of the breaststroke cycle and is ONLY permitted after the start and at each turn: 1. Must be initiated during the first arm pull – i.e., between time hands separate from streamlining until they reach maximum extension past hips 2. Must be followed by a breaststroke kick


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Questions?

Breaststroke


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Backstroke SW 6The Start

The head must have broken the surface not more than 15m after the start or turn.



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Backstroke

Watch for movement beyond the 90 degree

vertical.


vertical.

The Stroke

Legal

Legal

Legal


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vertical.


vertical.

The Stroke

Not Legal

Backstroke


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The Turn

… or the swimmer may roll over into a freestyle turn using a single or double arm pull, as

long as it is part of a continuous turning action.

… or the swimmer may roll over into a freestyle turn using a single or double arm pull, as

long as it is part of a continuous turning action.

During the turn, the swimmer may come in on their back, touch the wall and leave on

their back.

During the turn, the swimmer may come in on their back, touch the wall and leave on

their back.

Backstroke

Kicking into the turn is still allowed.

Kicking into the turn is still allowed.

… or the swimmer may roll on to the breast and without a glide grab the wall if he is too close to

make the turn. The swimmer must leave on their back .

… or the swimmer may roll on to the breast and without a glide grab the wall if he is too close to

make the turn. The swimmer must leave on their back .


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The Turn

Once the pull is complete, that is, the hand has reached full

extension past the hipline, the turn must be initiated.



Backstroke


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The Turn

Backstroke


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The Turn

There is no disqualification for the lifting of the head during

the continuous turn.

There is no disqualification for the lifting of the head during

the continuous turn.

Backstroke


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The Turn

Backstroke


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The Turn

When executing the turn, there must be a touch of the wall with

some part of the body.

When executing the turn, there must be a touch of the wall with

some part of the body.

Backstroke


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The Turn

The swimmer must leave on their back.

The swimmer must leave on their back.

One more time …

Backstroke


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The Turn





Backstroke


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MastersSwimming

Sometimes the swimmer turns on his chest as he approaches the wall, grabs the wall, brings his feet up against the wall under him and pushes off on his back to continue the race. This is judged legal.

If the swimmer takes an arm stroke after turning onto his/her front, then grabs the wall and pushes off on his/her back, this is an infraction.

Sometimes the swimmer turns on his chest as he approaches the wall, grabs the wall, brings his feet up against the wall under him and pushes off on his back to continue the race. This is judged legal.

If the swimmer takes an arm stroke after turning onto his/her front, then grabs the wall and pushes off on his/her back, this is an infraction.

Backstroke


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BackstrokeThe Finish

The body may be submerged at the touch.The body may be submerged at the touch.

Upon the finish of the race the swimmer MUST touch the wall while on the back.

Upon the finish of the race the swimmer MUST touch the wall while on the back.


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Questions?

Backstroke


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Butterfly SW 8The Start

Watch that the swimmer takes no more than one arm pull while totally submerged. This

must bring the swimmer to the surface.

Watch that the swimmer takes no more than one arm pull while totally submerged. This

must bring the swimmer to the surface.

There is no limit on the number of butterfly kicks executed.

There is no limit on the number of butterfly kicks executed.




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The StrokeButterfly


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The StrokeButterfly


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The StrokeButterfly


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The StrokeButterfly

Both arms must be brought forward together over the water and brought backward simultaneously

throughout the race (subject to the start and turns).

Both arms must be brought forward together over the water and brought backward simultaneously

throughout the race (subject to the start and turns).


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The StrokeButterfly

All up and down movements of the legs must be simultaneous.

All up and down movements of the legs must be simultaneous.

The position of the legs or feet need not be on the same level, but they shall not alternate in

relation to each other.

The position of the legs or feet need not be on the same level, but they shall not alternate in

relation to each other.


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The StrokeButterfly


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The StrokeButterfly


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The Stroke

One more time …

Butterfly


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Arm Recovery is over the general water level.

The Stroke - ArmsButterfly


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The Stroke - Arms

Arm Recovery is notover the water.

Butterfly


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The Stroke - Legs

One leg is allowed to be carried higher than the other.

Butterfly


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The Stroke - Legs

Alternating kick (flutter) is not allowed.

Butterfly


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The Turn

Watch for the two hand, simultaneous touch.

Watch for the two hand, simultaneous touch.

Arms must be recovered over the water on the touch.

Butterfly

This picture shows an underwater recovery

which is NOT permitted


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MastersSwimmingOnly

Butterfly

The only difference is that Masters’ Swimmers are permitted to do the whip kick

and/or the butterfly kick.

More senior butterfly swimmers may sometimes have difficulty with arm recovery over the water: hands and

elbows are acceptable in this instance.


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Questions?

Butterfly


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Freestyle SW 5The Start




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The Turn

Watch that the swimmer touches the end wall with some part of the

body during the turn.

Watch that the swimmer touches the end wall with some part of the

body during the turn.

Freestyle


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The Turn

Freestyle


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The Turn

Freestyle


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The Turn

Freestyle


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The Turn

Freestyle


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The Turn

Freestyle


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Questions?

Freestyle


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Individual Medley SW 9.1

Fly

Back

Breast

Free (MUST be any stroke other than Fly, Back or Breast)

All strokes, turns and finishes must be

performed within the rules assigned to

that stroke.

Watch that strokes are swum in proper sequence.


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Medley Relay SW 9.2

Fly

Back

Breast


All strokes, turns and finishes must be

performed within the rules assigned to

that stroke.

Watch that swimmer and strokes are swum in proper sequence.


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Medley Relay Takeovers

• Swimmer may start from the blocks or the pool deck.

• If warranted, the swimmer may start in the water (water depth or para-swimmer).

• The person starting may be in motion as the swimmer arrives.

• The person starting may not lose contact with block until the arriving swimmer touches the wall.


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Medley Races

Watch that the swimmers swim in the proper sequence.

Any other order is an infraction.


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Overview of all StrokesPara Appendix


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Breaststroke SW 7Additional Para Rules

Stroke

IPC SM 7.5.1 A swimmer who is unable to use both legs and/or foot/feet to gain normal propulsion shall not be required to turn the affected foot outwards during the propulsive part of the kick.

IPC SM 7.4.1 A swimmer who has affected leg/s and/or foot/feet must show intent of simultaneous movement and the swimmer who has affected leg/legs and/or foot/feet must show intent to kick in the same horizontal plane.

IPC SM 7.5.2 A swimmer who is unable to use both legs and/or feet to gain normal propulsion may trail or drag the leg/s


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IPC SM 7.6.1 At each turn and the finish of the race where a swimmer has different arm lengths only the longer arm must touch the wall, but both arms must be stretched forward simultaneously.

IPC SM 7.6.2 A swimmer with upper limbs too short to stretch above the head shall touch the wall with any part of the upper body when turning and finishing.

IPC SM 7.6.3 At each turn and the finish of the race, where a swimmer uses only one arm for the stroke cycle the swimmer shall be required to touch with one hand/arm only.

IPC SM 7.6.3 At each turn and the finish of the race, where a swimmer uses only one arm for the stroke cycle the swimmer shall be required to touch with one hand/arm only.


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Stroke

IPC SM 7.6.4 At each turn and the finish of the race, where the swimmer who uses both arms but has restriction in the shoulder/elbow only the longer arm must touch the wall, but both arms must be stretched forward simultaneously.

IPC SM 7.6.5 Swimmers with a with visual impairment classification SB11 and SB12 may have difficulty making a simultaneously touch, at the turn and the finish if he/she is restricted due to contact with the lane rope, the swimmer shall not be disqualified provided that no advantage was gained.


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Stroke

IPC SM 7.7.2 When a swimmer does not have any legs or arms or parts thereof, either the kick or the respective arm stroke shall constitute a complete stroke.

IPC SM 7.7.1 In the case where there is a non-functional arm, one arm stroke shall constitute a full stroke when completed with the remaining parts.


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Turns

IPC SM 7.1.1 After the start and after each turn, a swimmer who is unable to push off with the leg/s, may perform one arm stroke that may not be simultaneous or on the horizontal plane to attain the breast position. IPC 3.4.1.1


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Backstroke SW6Additional Para Rules

Start

IPC SM 6.1.3 Class S1, S2 and S3 swimmers are permitted to have their foot/feet held to the wall, until the starting signal is given. Giving momentum to the swimmer at the start is not permitted and shall result in a false start.


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Start

IPC SM 6.1.1 Swimmers unable to use the starting grips shall be permitted to use the end of the pool.

IPC SM 6.1.2 Where a swimmer is unable to grip the poolside, the swimmer may by assisted by a support staff or supporting devise. The dev-ice shall be cleared and deemed safe by the technical delegate/assistant technical delegate and/or technical adviser prior to the commencement of the competition. Giving momentum to the swimmer at the start is not permitted and shall result in a false start. The swimmer shall have part of the body in contact with the wall until the starting signal is given.


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Start

IPC SM 6.4.1 For the swimmer who has no arms or use of his/her arms during the turn, once the body has left the position on the back, there shall be no kick that is independent of the continuous turning action. The swimmer must have returned to a position on the back upon leaving the wall. When executing the turn there must be a touch of the wall with some part of the swimmer’s body.


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Butterfly SW 8Additional Para Rules

Start

IPC SM 8.1.1 After the start and after each turn, a swimmer who is unable to push off with the leg/s, may perform one arm stroke that may not be simultaneous or on the horizontal plane to attain the breast position.


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Arms

IPC SM 8.2.1 Swimmers with a visual impairment classification S11 and S12 may have difficulty making a simultaneously recovery of the arms during the stroke cycle if they are restricted due to contact with the lane rope, the swimmer shall not be disqualified provided that no advantage was gained.

IPC SM 8.2.2 In the case where an arm or part of an arm is missing, one arm stroke shall constitute a full stroke when completed with the remaining parts.


IPC SM 8.2.4 In the case where there are non-functional arms all movements of the legs shall constitute a full stroke.


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Legs

IPC SM 8.3 …….. Swimmers with a disability are permitted to use a breaststroke kick.

IPC SM 8.3.1 In the case where there are no legs or non functional legs, the legs shall drag.



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Turns

IPC SM 8.4.1 At each turn and the finish of the race where a swimmer has different arm lengths only the longer arm must touch the wall, but both arms must be stretched forward simultaneously. The shoulders shall remain in the horizontal plane until the touch has been made.

IPC SM 8.4.2 A swimmer with no or non functional upper limbs or upper limbs too short to stretch above the head, the swimmer shall touch the wall with any part of the upper body when turning and finishing.

IPC SM 8.4.3 At each turn and the finish of the race, where a swimmer uses one arm for the stroke cycle the swimmer shall be required to touch with one hand/arm only.


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Turns

IPC SM 8.4.4 At each turn and the finish of the race, where the swimmer who uses both arms but has restriction in the shoulder/elbow only the longer arm must touch the wall, but both arms must be stretched forward simultaneously.

IPC SM 8.4.5 Swimmers with a visual impairment classification S11 and S12 may have difficulty making a simultaneously touch at the turn and finish if they are restricted due to contact with the lane rope, the swimmer shall not be disqualified provided that no advantage was gained.

IPC SM 8.4.6 At the turn and finish, swimmers with no leg function may perform a half stroke with the arm/s recovering forward under the surface of the water, in order to contact the wall.


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Individual Medley SW 9.1Additional Para Rules

Medley

IPC SM 9.1.1 In the 150m individual medley events, the swimmer covers three swimming strokes in the following order: Backstroke, Breaststroke and Freestyle.

Back

Breast



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Questionnaire Please take 30 minutes to complete the questionnaire

• Please use the answer sheet provided.• We will use the questionnaire for the correct answers.• Remember! There may be one or more correct

answers for each question.


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1. The Judge of Stroke has authority/responsibility to:

a) Also serve as a Inspector of Turns;

b) Disqualify swimmers for any infraction of the stroke rules which he observes within his assigned zone;

c) Serve as lane timer, if so assigned;

d) If directed by the Referee, inform the swimmer or his coach of each disqualification and provide the rationale for the DQ;

e) Advise swimmers of incorrect/inefficient technique;

f) Inform the swimmer before he completes his race that he is going to be disqualified;

g) Confer with the Referee / TA or other Judges of Stroke as necessary.


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2. The Inspector of Turns has the authority/responsibility to:

a) Observe and judge the legality of the ‘approach’, the touch and ‘push-off’ of each turn in his designated lanes;

b) Disqualify swimmers for infractions of the Turn Rules which he observes within his assigned zone;

c) Serve as relay take-over judge, if so assigned.


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a) Along the side of the pool;

b) At the starting or turning end of the pool, overlooking the centre lanes;

c) At the table with the Clerk of Course.

3. The Judge of Stroke should be positioned:


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4. The Inspector of Turns should be positioned:

a) At the starting or turning end of the pool, overlooking the lanes to be judged;

b) Along the side of the pool, between the backstroke flags;

c) At the table with the Chief Finish Judge.


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a) Where you can move between the side and the end of the pool;

b) Mid-way along each side of the pool;

c) High in the stands where you can observe the entire pool.

5. When serving as both Judge of Strokes and Inspector of Turns, you should be positioned:


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6. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer can legally:

a) Swim with the head submerged for the entire race;b) Swim with the head above the surface of the water at all times;c) Swim with the head submerged, provided it breaks the surface of

the water at least once during each complete stroke cycle;d) Dive into the wall, submerging the head on the touch;e) Keep the head submerged after the start or turn, providing it

breaks the surface before the widest part of the second arm pull is reached;

f) Have the elbows above the water for the final stroke before the turns, during turns and at final stroke at the finish.


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7. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer can legally:

a) Touch with one hand before the other at the turn;

b) Touch with both hands simultaneously but at different levels;

c) Touch with both hands simultaneously above, below or at the water’s surface;

d) Allow the shoulders to leave the horizontal plane before completing the touch.


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8. In BREASTSTROKE events, the swimmer:

a) May be on the side when coming out of a turn, after the feet lose contact with the wall, before beginning the first arm-pull;

b) May take two complete strokes (arm pulls and leg kicks) before breaking the surface of the water;

c) May use a single butterfly kick followed by a breaststroke kick after the start and each turn;

d) May permit the heels to break the surface of the water;e) May use the flutter kick;f) Must use the butterfly kick throughout he raceg) May recover the arms on, under, or over the surface of the

water, providing the elbows remain beneath the surface;h) May fully extend the arms backward during each stroke cycle;i) May take a complete stroke cycle underwater for the purpose

of returning to the correct lane.


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9. In BACKSTROKE events, the swimmer may legally:

a) Use a double arm pull;b) Use an alternating arm stroke;c) Use an inverted frog or butterfly kick;d) Use a flutter kick;e) Turn his shoulders past the vertical during the stroke;f) Be submerged after the start and after each turn, provided

the head breaks the surface of the water by the 15m markg) Turn onto the breast and immediately initiate a continuous

turning motion;h) Scull towards the wall, if he has missed the touch, as long

as he/she did not leave the back during the turn;i) After indicating a continuous turn, lift the head to determine

the wall’s location without interrupting the ‘continuous’ nature of the turn.


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a) Touch with both hands at the turn or finish;

b) Touch while on the back, roll on to the front, grab the gutter and push off on the back;

c) Turn before touching the end-wall with the foremost part of the body;

d) Turn his shoulders past the vertical at the final touch;

e) Dive into the wall and touch below the surface while still on the back;

f) Be on the breast when leaving the wall after a turn, but return to the back before starting the first leg kick;

g) Kick while still submerged, after a turn

h) Kick during a continuous turn.

10. In BACKSTROKE events, the swimmer may:


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a) Take more than one kick after the start and each turn before taking the first arm pull;

b) Use flutter kick;

c) Use the frog kick;

d) Alternate between butterfly and frog kick at will;

e) Swim with one leg consistently higher than the other;

f) Recover the arms underwater during the normal stroke cycle;

g) Alternate arm strokes;

h) Trail legs with no kicking.

11. In BUTTERFLY events, the swimmer may legally:

8C & D Masters Swimmers may use the frog or whip kick


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a) Kick into the wall for a touch with one or more correct leg kicks and the arms extended;

b) Recover the arms underwater to complete a touch;c) Touch below the water line;d) Touch with the hands at different levels;e) Touch with one hand before the other but at same level;f) Touch with one hand;g) Turn on to the side before the touch;h) Dip one shoulder going into the turn, before the touch;i) Be on the side coming out of a turn, before beginning the

first arm pull;j) Complete any number of underwater arm pulls before

returning to the surface after the start or a turn;k) Kick while on the side before beginning the first arm pull;l) At the start and after each turn, the swimmer may be

submerged provided some part of the head breaks the surface of the water before the 15m mark

12. In BUTTERFLY events, the swimmer may:


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a) Touch with one hand;

b) Touch with one foot;

c) Touch with two hands;

d) Use the Breaststroke;

e) Use the dog-paddle;

f) Push off on the back after a turn;

g) Push off the bottom after a turn;

h) Alternate strokes at will;

i) Swim submerged at the start and after each turn as long as the head breaks the water’s surface at or within the 15 m.

13. In FREESTYLE events, the swimmer may:


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a) Retain the correct form of stroke until a legal touch has been completed;

b) Attain the correct form of the next stroke in accordance with the rules by the beginning of the first stroke;

c) Be free to turn in any manner after a legal touch has been made for that stroke;

d) Remain on the surface of the water.

14. In the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY, when changing from one stroke to the next, the swimmer is required to:


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15. The last one-fourth of the distance in the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY or MEDLEY RELAY:

a) May be the Front Crawl;

b) May be the Sidestroke;

c) Shall be the Front Crawl;

d) Shall be any stroke but the first three of the Medley.


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16. The order of the strokes for the MEDLEY RELAY is:

a) Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke, Freestyle;

b) Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle.


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17. The order of the strokes for the INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY is:

a) Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke, Freestyle;

b) Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly, Freestyle.


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18. A Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns may disqualify a swimmer for any stroke or turn infraction which he personally observes:

a) Whether or not the swimmer is in his assigned zone;

b) Only if the swimmer is in his assigned zone.


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19. A Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns shall, unless otherwise instructed, report the

disqualification directly (verbally) to the:

a) Meet Referee;

b) Chief Finish Judge;

c) Session Referee / TA;

d) Chief Timekeeper;

e) The swimmer/coach within 15 minutes of the infraction, if so instructed by the referee.


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20. A swimmer shall be disqualified for:

a) Standing on the bottom of the pool except in freestyle;

b) Walking on the bottom of the pool in the direction of the race;

c) Using a stroke other than that specified for that event;

d) Pulling on a lane marker in the direction of the race;

e) Pulling along the side of the pool in the direction of the race;

f) Leaving the water and then re-entering to complete the race;

g) Holding on to a lane marker or pool wall to catch his breath;

h) Interfering with the progress of a swimmer in another lane;

i) Pushing off the bottom in the direction of the race;

j) Breaking the stroke or the orientation of the stroke during the race except in freestyle.


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21. In a relay event, when a relay take-over judge observes an early take-over, he should:

a) Immediately inform the remainder of the team that they have been disqualified;

b) Wait until the end of the race before informing the team about the disqualification;

c) Immediately inform the Referee;

d) Inform the Referee / TA at the end of the race.


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22. In a relay take-overs, the next swimmer:

a) May start from the blocks or the pool deck;

b) May start in the water when circumstances warrant (water depth/para-swimmer);

c) May be in motion before the touch is made as long as the toes are in contact with the block or side;

d) May return and touch the wall if he feels that his take-over was too early.


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23. When a Judge of Stroke/Inspector of Turns notes the details of a DQ on the swimmers card, he should also:

a) Indicate on the front of the card that the swimmer is DQ’d (i.e. a rubber stamp, bold diagonal line, etc.);

b) Sign the card;

c) Indicate the time the disqualification occurred;

d) Record the distance at which the infraction occurred.

NOTE: IF THERE IS ANY DOUBT, DO NOT DISQUALIFY


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a) Ensure that the assigned swimmer is in his lane;b) Ensure that the correct time card is being used for each heat;c) Determine the finish time of the winner of each heat;d) Ensure that the correct times are being read and recorded in

his lane;e) Determine the official time for his lane (when directed by the

Chief Timekeeper);f) Ensure that one timer takes split times;g) Determine the placing of the swimmer in his lane;h) Notify the Chief Finish Judge, as directed, if the swimmer has

made an apparent light touch;i) Operate the lap counters in long distance events;j) Judge the legality of relay take-over;k) Act as Turn Inspector if qualified and assigned;l) Ensure the swimmer in his lane is informed of his official time.

24. Some of the responsibilities of the Head Lane Timekeeper are to:


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25. When an automatic judging and timing system is in use, the Head Lane Timekeeper should:

a) Ensure that no one inadvertently contacts the touch pad;

b) Ensure that three manual times are provided;

c) Transcribe the automatic time from the display board onto the time card.


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26. In long distance events, the Head Lane Timekeeper shall:

a) Verify the tabulation of completed lengths with the Chief Timekeeper before ringing the bell;

b) Delegate responsibility for tabulating lengths and ringing the bell to another Timekeeper;

c) Advise the swimmer in his lane of the number of laps he has completed;

d) Ensure that the split time for each lap is recorded (on the time card or other official form).


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27. The bell for the bell lap:

a) Shall be rung when the swimmer has two lengths and 5 meters still to be swum;

b) Shall be rung over the right-hand lane marker;

c) Shall be rung continuously as the swimmer approaches and leaves the wall (from the backstroke flags to the backstroke flags);

d) Shall be rung for 800m and 1500m events only.


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28. When judging takeovers, the Head Lane Timekeeper shall:

a) Observe the touch-out and take-off from above the lane;

b) Keep one finger in contact with the toe of the swimmer on the block;

c) Advise DQ’d swimmers immediately, even before the race is completed;

d) Observe the take-over from the side of the pool.


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Always give the swimmer the benefit of doubt.

You may be deceived by a splash

You must be absolutely sure.


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Thank you

Approved by the Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association Board

© copyright 2010 - 2014 ontario swimming officials’ association 1 january 2011 judge of stroke,...

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