十個中英文句子結構之異同　 Editing for Chinese-English Colloquial Habits

柯泰德網路英文論文編修教育訓練服務

模仿國外期刊論著的作者，也時常無法判斷自己為何在這些特定情況下使用了某些句子。因此，此一英文寫作途徑，通常始於檢討一般國人在構句時直接地習慣由中文思考轉換成英文形式時，遇到的問題本質。

(1.) Prevent overuse of traditional textbook phrases 著手寫作論文時，切勿過度使用一

些課本中常見而生硬的詞句，儘量使文章中的英文直接而流暢。

在句子的主要意念之前擺上一些慣用的語詞，常會使得文章變得更加生 硬：認清慣用句或成語的意義及用法對國內寫作者而言是相當重要的。

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One can develop, expand, and debug the program easily in the future.

較佳： The program can be easily developed, expanded, and debugged in the future.

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It is very difficult to find for sheet bending operations a suitable deformation limit.

較佳： Finding an adequate (appropriate) deformation limit for sheet bending operations is quite difficult.

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The main purpose of monitoring network planning is to decide suitable well locations.

較佳： Monitoring network planning attempts (aims) to determine appropriate (adequate) well locations.

( 2 .) Make your intended meaning more visually accessible 把最重要的主題 : 、子句等放在句

首，以求突顯你主要的意思或重點，而且能容易地為讀者所領會。

讀者時常沒有足夠的時間一字字地讀完整篇論文，而只很快掃瞄文中尋找和他們研究有關的部份，因此，句子的主題實有很容易地就能被看出來之必要。

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Because of an extremely short transfer time and high exposure sensitivity of the camera, there was almost no interval as taking pictures of moving objects.

較佳： Almost no interval between photographing moving objects was allowed owing to an extremely short transfer time and the camera's high exposure sensitivity.

( 3. ) Avoid overemphasis of clauses involving time 使用簡單的句型 : 名詞＋動詞＋受詞

／介系詞。除非 (a) 以介系詞片語描述組合句之結構（名詞＋動詞＋名詞＋動詞） (b) 將介系詞當作強制條件（見第五單元） (c) 用介系詞連接二個子句或段落（見第六單元）外，儘量使用簡單句。另外，把表示時間的介系詞放在句首也最好避免。

句子的主要主詞與文句的重點置於句首，可讓大多數只想找特別主題的讀者們可以很快地找到他想要的。

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Currently, there are more than 50 varieties of bulk pharmaceuticals produced in Taiwan.

較佳： More than fifty varieties of bulk pharmaceuticals are produced in Taiwan.

( 4. ) Avoid overemphasis of clauses involving comparison 保持如「名詞＋動詞＋受詞／（介

系詞）」的簡單而直接的句型，並且避免把比較性介系詞放在句首。

如果介系詞的目的只為了表示比較的意念，而且也不是作為連接二個句子或段落的轉接片語，則其不該被置於句首。

您會如何修改此文句 In comparison with the

conventional method, the proposed method spends less computational time.

較佳： The proposed method spends less computational time than the conventional method.

( 5. ) Avoid overemphasis of "domains”. 使用如「名詞＋動詞＋受詞／介系詞」

般的直接簡單句。除非 (a) 介系詞在如下的句型中（名詞＋動

詞＋名詞＋動詞）描述動作， (b) 介系詞用作科技條件的限制語（見

第五單元），或 (c) 介系詞作為連接二個句子或段落的

轉接語（見單元六），否則介系詞不擺於句前。

在英文科技論文的寫作中，並不常把條件性的介系詞前置於句首。相反地，英美人士反倒習慣把「結果」置於句首藉以突顯，如此一來，可使句子的表達變得更直接，同時，也讓讀者更容易看到句子的主題和重點。

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In order to determine the acoustic pressure due to an ultrasonic transducer, we must solve the general equation.

較佳： Determining the acoustic pressure requires (necessitates) solving the general equation.

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If we wish to carry out environmental protection measures that internalize the resulting social costs, we must consider using market mechanisms to lead the people and industry.

較佳： Implementing (Promulgating) environmental protection measures that internalize the subsequent social costs hinges on effectively using market mechanisms to direct individuals (the general public) and industry.

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In Article 18 of the Waste Treatment Law, it is stipulated that. .

較佳： Article 18 of the Waste Treatment Law stipulates that. . .

( 6. ) Use transition to link sentences and promote the manuscript's flow 使用如下的直接簡單句「名詞＋動

詞＋受詞／介系詞」。但是，表示連接性質的介系詞（副詞或其他相關的片語）在連接二個句子或二個段落時，則反而常用且有用。

適度地使用表示連接性的介系詞（或副詞）片語對整個文章的順暢應有很大的幫助，如此可減少〞片斷破碎〞的寫作型式。

Common sentence linkers include the following: Under those circumstances, For such a reason, In such a case, In light of above developments, As mentioned earlier, If this above condition is satisfied,

According to those results, Above results suggest that. . . This finding (event, fact, phenomenon, occurrence) reveals that. . .

( 7. ) Provide variety in verb form and selection 藉著以下的方法達到置換動詞的目

標 (a) 在不定動詞和動名詞間取得平

衡，避免過度使用不定動詞 (b) 使用動詞的名詞形式 (c) 找出動詞的同義字，利用同義

字的替換避免在同一篇文章中一直使用同一個動詞。

在句子中尋求動詞的變化，並不意味著寫作者可以忘記在整篇文章中應該保持動詞時態的一致性。

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Our results fit very good with those of Wu et al.

較佳： Our results closely correspond to (correlate well with) those of Wu et al.

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Recycling has to be practiced more.

較佳： Recycling must be adhered to more stringently.

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Companies see big results in cutting air pollution.

較佳： Companies witness significant progress in alleviating air pollution.

( 8.) Avoid excessively long sentence

一個句子只表達一或二個主要意思，可以避免句子太長的毛病。

以下三個方法可使繁長句子變得簡單易懂 :(a) 將一句分為二句，意即第子句（結果）＋第二子句（位置、條件、目的、結果表示等特定的範圍），(b) 在句子中間使用分號以區分句子中的二個重點意思使其更清楚 (c) 儘量在一個句子中只表達一個意思。

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Through numerous discussions by representatives from industry, government, academic and research organizations, the "Inspection Table for the Standard of Good Manufacturing Practice on Pharmaceuticals" suitable to local condition as well as acceptable to international standards was drafted in July 1996.

較佳： Through numerous discussions by representatives from industry, government, academic and research organizations, the "Inspection Table for the Standard of Good Manufacturing Practice on Pharmaceuticals"

was drafted in July 1995. The document was deemed appropriate (adequate") for local conditions as well as acceptable to international standards.

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Since the climate of Orchid Island is relatively hot and humid compared to Taiwan, the research team from the research Institute decided to return them to their native habitat on Orchid Island to allow the butterflies to be successfully born.

較佳： The climate of Orchid Island is hotter and more humid than that of Taiwan, accounting for why the team from the research Institute decided to return the butterflies to their native habitat on Orchid Island for their successful birth.

( 9. ) Avoid overuse of First person 在科技文章中，一般而言使用第二

人稱較用第一人稱為佳。 理由 :

(a ) 研究內容理當客觀的，過度使用第一人稱會讓讀者有內容主觀及具有成見感覺，

(b) 通常有將最重要和強調的部份擺在句首的傾向。

論文中應儘量使用第三人稱來表達。在論文中使用第三人稱除了可以在表達意見的同時獲致客觀性外，也可使句子中擬欲強調的部份可以將之置於句首。

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We must emphasize the development and introduction of technologies that are both environmentally friendly and able to satisfy the needs of humankind.

較佳： Developing and introducing technologies that are both environmentally friendly and able to satisfy the needs of humankind must be emphasized.

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From the literature having been mentioned, we can find that the factors which influence impact pressure include impact velocity, weight, bottom area and bottom edge.

較佳： Above literature indicates that impact velocity, weight, bottom area and bottom edge influence impact pressure.

( 10. ) Separate writing process from the revision process

當初稿完成後逐步地利用上述新型方法進行本文的修改。

建議：初稿完成後逐步應用單元一～九的方法修改本文。此方法提供了將寫作程序與修改程序分開作業的一般架構。並且使科技寫作者既能專心於表達其論文內容，又能建立個人的寫作方式。

詳細資訊請參考 精通科技論文（報告）寫作之捷徑 ( 柯泰德柯泰德 著 ) 或參看網址 :http://www.chinhttp://www.chineseowl.idv.tw/eseowl.idv.tw/