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SHAH FAESAL

Rank: 1

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: May 17, 1983

Prelim Subject-Public Administration

Optional Subjects-Public Administration, Literature of Urdu Language

Marks Obtained

Total Marks Marks Obtained

Essay 200 130

General Studies Paper 1 300 183

Paper 2 300 151

Public Administration Paper 1 300 157

Paper 2 300 152

Literature of Urdu Language Paper 1 300 182

Paper 2 300 181

Total (Written) 2000 1136

Interview 300 225

Total 2300 1361 59.17 %

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PRAKASH RAJPUROHIT

Rank: 2

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Feb 28, 1986

Prelim Subject-Mathematics

Optional Subjects-Electrical Engineering, Mathematics

Marks Obtained Total Marks Marks Obtained

Essay 200 80


Paper 2 300 119

Electrical Engineering Paper 1 300 217

Paper 2 300 201

Mathematics Paper 1 300 209

Paper 2 300 218


Interview 300 165

Total 2300 1336 58.09 %

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IVA SAHAY

Rank: 3

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Aug 05, 1984

Prelim Subject-Geography

Optional Subjects-Geography, Anthropology

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 103


Paper 2 300 156

Geography Paper 1 300 142

Paper 2 300 181

Anthropology Paper 1 300 189

Paper 2 300 189


Interview 300 185

Total 2300 1326 57.65 %

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ANAY DWIVEDI

Rank: 5

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Feb 11, 1985

Prelim Subject-Psychology

Optional Subjects-Psychology, Public Administration

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 102


Paper 2 300 165

Psychology Paper 1 300 157

Paper 2 300 165


Paper 2 300 184


Interview 300 183

Total 2300 1309 56.91 %

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GARIMA MITTAL

Rank: 8

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Jul 31, 1984

Prelim Subject-Sociology

Optional Subjects-Sociology, Psychology

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 117


Paper 2 300 149

Sociology Paper 1 300 166

Paper 2 300 166

Psychology Paper 1 300 160

Paper 2 300 182


Interview 300 209

Total 2300 1285 55.87 %

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RASHMITA PANDA

Rank: 13

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Jul 23, 1984

Prelim Subject-Indian History

Optional Subjects-History, Public Administration

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 90


Paper 2 300 152

History Paper 1 300 185

Paper 2 300 171


Paper 2 300 154


Interview 300 195

Total 2300 1266 55.04 %

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TARUN RATHI

Rank: 19

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Mar 04, 1985

Prelim Subject-Indian History

Optional Subjects-Geography, Literature of Hindi Language

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 126


Paper 2 300 157


Paper 2 300 172

Literature of Hindi Language Paper 1 300 188

Paper 2 300 145


Interview 300 180

Total 2300 1256 54.61 %

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ABHIJEET AGRAWAL

Rank: 24

Year: 2009

Date of Birth: Jun 02, 1982

Prelim Subject-Physics

Optional Subjects-Chemistry, Physics

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 80


Paper 2 300 161

Chemistry Paper 1 300 200

Paper 2 300 191

Physics Paper 1 300 174

Paper 2 300 170


Interview 300 159

Total 2300 1251 54.39 %

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KUMAR PRASHANT

Rank: 26

Year: 2009

Prelim Subject-Physics

Optional Subjects-Geography, Physics

Marks Obtained


Essay 200 103


Paper 2 300 163


Paper 2 300 162

Physics Paper 1 300 174

Paper 2 300 175


Interview 300 180

Total 2300 1250 54.35 %

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A good base in general knowledge is important for clearing the civil services exam and for thecareer ahead. As i had mentioned in a previous post, this job requires broad-based people with agood understanding of the things happening around them. As far as the exam is considered, 600marks in the GS papers + 200 in essay + 300 in interview depends on your general knowledge base.And off late, the second paper in Public administration is more like a GS paper 3. Thus around1100-1400 marks depends directly on your general knowledge base.

Preparation for general studies is composed of two parts:

Conventional topics. General knowledge and current affairs.

Before I go into the books, some general points on preparation and approach: Make notes as you read. Its impossible to come back to the text books during revision. Notes

should be so comprehensive that once you are done, you would not have to take the text-bookagain.

The basic approach should be STUDY-REVISE-IMPROVISE. Dont use guides, standard preparatory material or NCERT text books. Keep on referring to previous years papers to check if you have missed any topic. Prepare for the subjective papers ( i.e mains). Note down extra facts for the prelims as you

make descriptive notes. Prelims is just a necessary evil.

Conventional Topics:

It is composed of:

1. Indian History :

Pre-modern history (before Europeans) has lost significance. Last year no questions were asked inmains. Besides, it is too bulky and is not worth the effort. One need to have a good understandingof the National movement(1800s-1947).

Indias Struggle for Independence by Bipan Chandra is a good book for that. Read it cover tocover.

One also need to study about the expansion and the decline of the other Europeans, the expansionof British empire and the administrative development in India during the British period ( 1650-1857). Try to get some book on Indian History from the library to make short notes. Brief noteswill do for this section.

2. Geography:

Use NCERT books only for geography. Non- geography optional students dont have to go in -depth.Read

Indian Geography ( NCERT class XI) Fundamentals of physical geography (NCERT class XI)
http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/india-39-struggle-independence-bipan-book-0140107819?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=RW1Li3BAIporv65PYZdaGQ--&ref=3d3977dd-dd87-4ee0-8df6-50940df588achttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/india-39-struggle-independence-bipan-book-0140107819?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=RW1Li3BAIporv65PYZdaGQ--&ref=3d3977dd-dd87-4ee0-8df6-50940df588achttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/india-39-struggle-independence-bipan-book-0140107819?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=RW1Li3BAIporv65PYZdaGQ--&ref=3d3977dd-dd87-4ee0-8df6-50940df588achttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/india-39-struggle-independence-bipan-book-0140107819?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=RW1Li3BAIporv65PYZdaGQ--&ref=3d3977dd-dd87-4ee0-8df6-50940df588ac

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Google and make notes on unfamiliar terms you may come across in the newspapers.

3. Indian Constitution:

Any good book on the constitution is fine. Introduction to the constitution of India by D.D. Basuis the book that i used. Read it also cover to cover.

4. Indian Economy:

One needs to know about some basic terms of economics like repo rate, reverse repo, CRR, SLRetc. These are needed for understanding articles in newspapers also. Just google them when youcome across then in the papers and keep a separate note-book. Read one good book on Indianeconomy. I used Indian economy by Dutt & Sundaram. The book by Uma Kapila is also a good one.In both of these books, each chapter deals with an issue. So make notes keeping in mindthe requirements of a 20-30 marker. Download the latest Economic Survey of India and update thestats as you make notes. Also leave some space after each chapter to add new info from

newspapers as and when they come.

Also read Chapter 1 and the chapter explaining about the governments poverty alleviationschemes ( chapter 11 in 2010 survey). Follow the budget. Read some business newspapers at thattime and also read the summary of the budget which will be posted in the net.

5. Government policies and programmes:

Make notes on the policies that you come across in the newspapers. But this will not beexhaustive. Use India yearbook published by the Publications division for an exhaustive approach.Its a huge book with a lot of unnecessary facts and details which should be skipped. Just makeshort notes on the various programmes ministry-wise. Anay dwivedi ( AIR-5, cse 2009) has this tosay about reading the Year book :If you already read the IYB for prelims, just go through what you underlined and revise yournotes. But if you did not, then apart from the GOVERNMENT SCHEMES and agricultural data,read the following chapters from IYB 2010: Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11 (NCES only), 13 (terms like FIPB, FCCB, ECB, ADR/GDR, FDI, etc), 18,24, 25 and 28. Note: I have not specified chapters 16, 17, etc as I have assumed that you must have covered allthe government schemes such as NRHM, JNNURM, etc irrespective of where they are given in thebook.

In Mains 2009 many questions could be answered on the basis of information provided in the IYB,e.g. significance of coastal regions, UMPPs, BSUP, fruit production in India and NNRMS.

6. Science and Technology:

Use wikipedia extensively for this. Find out about new topics as you come across them in the S&Tpage of The Hindu. Also, make short notes on emerging technologies and recent nobel winningtechnologies from these pages
http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/introduction-constitution-india-durga-das-book-8180385590?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=%20Zkl%20wpA1Q6RjK4mHIfTXA--&ref=feefe7e0-a873-4a00-8c97-b65c1c4aac0bhttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/introduction-constitution-india-durga-das-book-8180385590?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=%20Zkl%20wpA1Q6RjK4mHIfTXA--&ref=feefe7e0-a873-4a00-8c97-b65c1c4aac0bhttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/introduction-constitution-india-durga-das-book-8180385590?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=%20Zkl%20wpA1Q6RjK4mHIfTXA--&ref=feefe7e0-a873-4a00-8c97-b65c1c4aac0bhttp://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-ruddar-datt-sundharam-book-8121902983?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=vKruJR51ak6Dxh3F9NWS5g--&ref=d1985608-8618-4d3a-84e5-2d51064ef374http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-ruddar-datt-sundharam-book-8121902983?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=vKruJR51ak6Dxh3F9NWS5g--&ref=d1985608-8618-4d3a-84e5-2d51064ef374http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-uma-kapila-performance-book-8171887902?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=kIePJLovoskWtdzWISggpQ--&ref=b095461f-69fe-4b85-922e-91f37b918502http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-uma-kapila-performance-book-8171887902?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=kIePJLovoskWtdzWISggpQ--&ref=b095461f-69fe-4b85-922e-91f37b918502http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-uma-kapila-performance-book-8171887902?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=kIePJLovoskWtdzWISggpQ--&ref=b095461f-69fe-4b85-922e-91f37b918502http://anaydwivedi.wordpress.com/http://anaydwivedi.wordpress.com/http://anaydwivedi.wordpress.com/http://anaydwivedi.wordpress.com/http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-uma-kapila-performance-book-8171887902?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=kIePJLovoskWtdzWISggpQ--&ref=b095461f-69fe-4b85-922e-91f37b918502http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/indian-economy-ruddar-datt-sundharam-book-8121902983?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=vKruJR51ak6Dxh3F9NWS5g--&ref=d1985608-8618-4d3a-84e5-2d51064ef374http://www.flipkart.com/b/books/introduction-constitution-india-durga-das-book-8180385590?_l=CJHVEqJO3veuHytbACc9dw--&_r=%20Zkl%20wpA1Q6RjK4mHIfTXA--&ref=feefe7e0-a873-4a00-8c97-b65c1c4aac0b

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Physics (and chemistry and medicine)

Exhaustive preparation on these topics can be very hard. Try to cover as much ground as possible andhope for the best. When writing answers, try to point out the applications rather than elaborating onthe technological part.

General knowledge and current affairs: This is where you have to use newspapers and current affairs magazines. This is perhaps the mostimportant part because if you see the 2010 GS paper, questions are asked about the Palestinecrisis, Sudan civil war, Cambodia, CWG etc. I recommend The Hindu and Frontilne. The Hindu hasless unwanted news and has a balanced perspective on issues and is pro people. You shouldnt bean ultra leftist or a right-wing hawk when writing the answers. The editorials and Op-eds present avery balanced picture on issues.

When reading newspapers, go beyond the issue. Use the newspaper as a guide to broaden your GK.So when you come across something you dont know in the newspaper, google it up and make acomprehensive note on the topic.For eg, if the news item is Pakistan Prez visits India, I willgoogle about India-Pak relations and make notes on it with a historical perspective and also leavesome space to update fut ure news. If the news is Jacques Diouf assumes charge as head of FAO ,I will make notes on FAO and other UN organisations from Wikipedia. The advantage of using wikiis that when you read about one topic, you can move to other topics by clicking on the Relatedlinks. Follow the references in wiki if you want to go deeper or confirm something.

I had kept two separate category of notebooks. One for noting down the events, date wise and theother for noting down the issues after researching in the net. The advantage of keeping thesecond type of notebook on issues is that when you revise you will have a complete picture undereach heading, i.e, the historical perspective + all the events in the last 2 years. This should bedone on a daily basis without any gap until the interview is over. You will need 2-2.5 hours dailyfor this initially. You can bring down the time as you progress with your prepsReading topics ofIndian economy and op-eds from any one of the business newspapers will also help. I used Businessline. I had also subscribed EPW after my prelims and read articles selectively.

Extra Reading India : Development and Participation by Amartya sen and Jean dreze India after independence by Bipan chandra

Also make notes on topics that you come across in previous years papers from wiki and net.

Note: Just exploit the internet. You have all the information you need at your fingertips. The coaching

institutes and magazines also make their notes using the information available in the net. Whytake secondary info at exorbitant costs when you can get the primary info and the whole picturefree of cost.

There is not strict boundary between conventional topics and GK. You should update yournotebooks with new info as and when you come across them in the papers
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PUB AD by Somvanshi*Books for Pub Ad.*

(which i followed)crack ias material.Mohanty sirs clas notes.Pub ad dictionary.

1st paper- Admn Thinkers- Prasad n prasad2. New horizns- Mohit bhattacharya (was a bouncer for me)3. CPA -by Ramesh Arorai jus love it, i love patli kitabe. :P

2nd paper,Ind admn by Goyal n arora.

IIPA Journals religiously.Test series material by minocha sir.

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Approach To Public Administration(Advanced- Unit wise strategy)

In Uncategorized on May 27, 2012 at 22:19

In this optional, there is no dearth of information. Students will have access to all kinds of coachingnotes, books and other publications. One must be careful not to waste time in covering everythingfrom all sources. Be very choosy about what sources you refer to and then stick to them even if yourfriends refer different sources. Go through YOUR material again and again.Some standard books for Public Administration are-

Awasthi and Maheshwari- Public Administration Prasad and Prasad Thinkers Ramesh Arora Indian Administration

Mohit Bhattacharya New Horizons in Public Administration. Maheshwari Indian Administration IGNOU books. Fadia and Fadia Sharma and Sadana

There is no need to read all the books from cover to cover. Prepare topic wise in a comprehensivemanner. Use examples, contemporary relevance, case studies etc. Read case studies from The Hindu,Frontline, Kurukshetra and Yojana. I must admit here that due to paucity of time, I personally couldnot refer to Kurukshetra but sometimes I did pick up selective issues and found them very useful.

For those topics that were covered in the class, I first used to read my class notes and tried tounderstand them. Then, I used to refer to other sources for more details and clarity. For topics

that were not covered in the class, I began by reading that topic from at least 2 different books

and understanding the basics. Sometimes, I also read the printed material to supplement my

knowledge. Then I made my own notes for these topics. Next, I tried to memorize all that I had studied so that I could recall the crucial points at the

right time. I used to do this by reading my notes and underlined portions in the books again

and again. Finally, to gain confidence, I used to write answers to as many questions as I could.

Paper-I 1. Introduction:

This Chapter is very important. Read topics from class notes, Fadia and Fadia, and MohitBhattacharya. Also refer to IGNOU notes for this topic. The information from this topic can be usedin answering questions of other units as well. This is a very scoring area.2. Administrative Thought:
http://princedhawan.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/http://princedhawan.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/http://princedhawan.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/http://princedhawan.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/

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You must know the theories of various scholars very well. Try to go in as much detail as you can butdo not go into unnecessary details. Writing some details ( but not all details ) gives a unique touch toyour answers. Read from Prasad and Prasad. This is also a very scoring area.3. Administrative Behaviour:

For this chapter, read from Sharma and Sadana. It is a very good source of information. I also foundthe printed material of my coaching class helpful. You may want to make your own notes though thisdepends from person to person.4. Organisations: This is a relatively small chapter which can be studied from any standard book or from the printedmaterial of any coaching class.5. Accountability and Control: Questions from this chapter are being asked lately as it is relevant in the current context. Apart fromyour class notes, you can go through Sharma and Sadana, printed material and Yojana and

Kurukshetra articles. There is a lot of scope of innovation in this topic in the sense that you will often be able to correlate it to news items/editorials in the news papers and you will also find many casestudies. If questions come from this area there is ample scope for you to give some unique points thatmay not be found in most of the answer scripts.6. Administrative Law: For this Chapter, you can refer to Sharma and Sadana and newspapers. It is a very scoring area.Information may also be pooled in from Awasthi and Maheshwari and GS Polity notes. Just like forthe previous Unit, if questions come from this area there is ample scope for you to give some unique

points that may not be found in most of the answer scripts.7. Comparative Public Administration: For this topic, it is good to refer to class notes OR Ramesh Arora (no need to do both). Since the

book is short, one can read the entire book and underline relevant portions. If you are able to get agrip over the content in this book or your class notes, you will be able to answer any question forCPA.8. Development Dynamics: This is a very important Chapter even though questions may not be asked every year but materialfrom this chapter can be used in other topics too. Also, since many books were written in ear ly 2000or late 90s, you will have to make use of your knowledge from GS, newspapers andYojana/Frontline/IJPA articles for this topic. You can rely on your class notes for this topic. The

book by Mohit Bhattacharya titled- Social Theory & Development Administration is helpful . 9. Personnel Administration: For this chapter, I read from two books- Sharma and Sadana and Fadia and Fadia. I also referred tothe printed material. This is an important chapter since questions are being asked in the past 2-3 yearsfrom this area. Practice writing answers and correlate this chapter with the Civil Services Chapter of

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Paper-II. Study both these Chapters together comprehensively. Make sure to quote ARCrecommendations and reports of other relevant committees as and when appropriate.10. Public Policy: For this chapter, IGNOU notes are a very good source apart from class notes. Questions are not asked

regularly but students must focus on Policy Implementation and Policy Evaluation. Also keep an eyeout in news papers and magazines for latest information in this topic.11. Techniques of Administrative Improvement: This is a small chapter and may be studied from printed material and Internet. There is a lot of scopeof giving unique points in this chapter.12. Financial Administration: This is a very important chapter and students must study it thoroughly. I referred class notes, printedmaterial and Sharma and Sadana for this unit. Study this chapter along with Financial Managementof Paper-II comprehensively as a single unit.

Paper- II While answering Indian Administration questions, answer with respect to Constitution, Preamble, etcand how the issue is in conformity with basic structure.1. Evolution of Indian Administration: This is a scoring area although there is little scope of uniqueness in this topic. It is given very well inRajini Goyal and Arora.2. Philosophical and Constitutional framework of government: Rajini Goyal and Arora, class notes and D.D. Basu. Remember to always correlate answer in thistopic with Constitution and current Parliamentary enactments.3. Public Sector Undertakings: This is a topic that is best covered from IJPA articles and also from Laxmikant.4. Union Government and Administration: Refer to your class notes, GS Polity notes, Rajini Goyal and Arora and newspapers. There is a lot ofscope to innovate in this topic by quoting current practices of our Parliamentary system andcomparing them with practices in other nations especially USA and UK.5. Plans and Priorities: I could not find any good source for this Chapter so I relied on class notes and IJPA articles.6. State Government and Administration: Same sources and approach as Chapter-4. 7. District Administration since Independence: Refer to Rajini Goyal and Arora, IJPA articles and the book by Avasthi and Avasthi.8. Civil Services: Same sources and approach as Chapter-9 of Paper-I. 9. Financial Management:

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Same sources and approach as Chapter-12 of Paper-I. 10. Administrative Reforms since Independence: For this chapter read the reports of various committees. If you are not able to read entire reports thenread their summaries. Lay emphasis on understanding the overall picture of administrative reforms in

our nation since Independence. Also, you must use information from this topic extensively inanswers to other topics questions as well. 11. Rural Development: 12. Urban Local Government: For the above two Chapters, apart from class notes, I read Rajini Goyal and Arora. I also used a lot ofinformation from newspapers and Yojana articles. In answers for these units, first always correlatewith Constitutional articles, then give basic points and then cite case studies.13. Law and Order Administration: For this Unit, apart from class notes, I read Avasthi and Avasthi. I also used information from

newspapers and Frontline articles. There is a lot of room of innovation in this Chapter and studentscan give many unique points in their answers.14. Significant issues in Indian Administration: Questions from this chapter are increasingly being asked recently. Unfortunately, I could not find anycomprehensive source for this topic. I thus relied heavily on newspapers, Frontline/Yojana/IJPAarticles and my GS Current Affairs notes. Answers in this chapter, if written well can fetch a lot ofmarks and there is a lot of scope of giving unique points by going into details of the setup of relevantinstitutions in India. For example, in Disaster Management, you can discuss the entire machinery atCentral, State and District levels and details of relevant Acts.

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Approach to Public Administration (Basics)In Uncategorized on May 26, 2012 at 06:30

In this post, I will share my experiences about the study of Public Administration (PA). I must

emphasize here that the following points must be taken more as a guideline rather than as someformula to scoring well. This post is like an introduction to the discipline for beginners and how toget started. I will discuss detailed strategy for the subject in another post.PA is divided into two papers. While Paper-I has contents related to the discipline of PA itself,Paper-II is more about Indian Administration. For this subject, I took classroom coaching only fromMohanty Sir. I also joined multiple Test Series at different institutes.

To begin with, students must first understand what PA is all about. Read the syllabus thoroughly and go through old question papers . This way, you will get a feel of the subject and you will be able todecide whether to take this subject or not.

In PA answer writing is very important and this is a skill that can be mastered only with practice. Themore you write answers, the more confidence you will gain of handling new questions in the exam.Handwriting does not matter as long as it is legible. Initially, you need not worry about time limit butlater on you must practice writing test-papers within the allotted time. Once you have given the tests,come home and sit down with your answer sheet and question paper. Think calmly as to what pointsyou missed in the questions you attempted. How you could have improved a particular answer. Thinkas to w hat is unique in your answer that may not be found in others answer scripts. It is always agood idea to underline basic points of your answer especially in short answer questions (20 marks).Do not forget to think over questions that you did not attempt in the practice test.Sometimes, if you do not understand the question, look at the Hindi translation and see if you cangain clarity on what is being asked. Prepare your own handwritten notes to remember various factssuch as ARC recommendations, reports of various committees and other important points you comeacross while reading books. Read them again and again, especially before the exam date. Even if youhave joined a coaching class, it is still advisable that apart from the class-notes, you also preparesome more notes when you read books and IJPA articles.

Do not try to remember too many quotations as it is difficult to reproduce. The introduction andconclusions should be written well. Make sure that whenever you write the answer to a question, you

mention the basic points first and then you must try and mention some extra things to convey to theexaminer that you have a depth of knowledge in the subject. This may not be possible in everyanswer but do this at least in some answers. Also, organize your answers in small paras rather than in

points.

Always remember, that quality of the answer matters more than quantity . You can actually just writearound 250 words in a 30 mark question provided your answer has substance. Similarly if you feel

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the need to go up to 400+ words in a 30 mark question, you can do so provided you are not repetitiveand you indeed have as much content relevant to the question.PA is becoming more and more challenging each year. For both Paper-I and Paper-II, it is always agood idea to keep an eye out for new information in newspapers and magazines such as Yojana and

Kurukshetra and also IJPA articles. But you will be able to do this only when you have got a gripover the fundamentals in the subject and these fundamentals are in your mind all the time. Only then,you will be able to immediately make correlation of something you read with a particular topic in thesyllabus. Making this correlation at the right times (first while reading the article and then whilewriting the answer in the exam) is a skill that you will gain only with experience. That is why, I haveemphasized in my Getting in the right frame of mind post, that students must spend time with theiroptional subjects. It is advisable to not go for shortcuts even though at times, they may be necessaryto cover the entire syllabus.Let me briefly recapitulate what I discussed above:

To begin with, go through the syllabus and old question papers. Practice answer writing as much as you can Quality matters, not quantity Keep an eye out for developments related to PA while reading news articles for GS.

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Basics of GS preparationIn Uncategorized on May 30, 2012 at 03:25

The following are some points that may be useful for GS preparation in general. A more detailed unitwise strategy will be uploaded in another post.

As we all know, these days UPSC has made the GS paper very very challenging. It has becomedynamic and more opinion based. Students need to do an extensive coverage of current affairsand they cant neglect the conventional aspect.

It is important to know the difference between a generalist and a specialist . A generalist is a person who knows less and less of more and more, while a specialist is a person who knowsmore and more of less and less. The Civils Exam in the GS paper is testing the Generalistapproach.

One point that I would like to emphasize upon is how to use YOUR coaching class in yourpreparation . Please understand this very carefully that given the current trend of GS paper,everything cannot be served on a platter. The student will have to make a lot of effort from hisside apart from attending the classes and memorizing the class notes. The coaching will

certainly help you in many ways: Gives you an approach to the subject. When you see the kind of questions being asked in

Test Series and you try and pin-point from where they were asked, you understand what allto read in newspapers and magazines from exam point of view. You understand how tostudy GS.

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It strengthens your fundamentals. The conventional part of GS is more or less static andyou can pick that up at a faster pace with coaching classes.

It highlights issues of current importance. This way it does cover a lot of portion of currentaffairs too. But the students will still have to cover a lot on their own.

You will certainly be able to move at a faster pace with the coaching class. Finally you can easily clarify your doubts with the faculty members in the class.

Some points from my personal experience in GS: Study your class notes and Yellow Books multiple times. The current affairs material that

would now be given for the Main Exam is especially very good and should be studiedcarefully.

NCERT books for classes XI and XII (History, Geography, Polity, Economics, Sociologyand World Politics). Try to attempt questions given at back.

You can refer to DD Basu, Economic Survey, India Year Book (especially important for

Mains exam these days), Economy issue of PD, Atlas and Manorama Year Book. Newspaper reading is crucial given the current trend. You must try and make your own

hand-written notes. While reading newspapers observe the following- abbreviations; newterms; organisations; quotes and examples, which can be used elsewhere; etc. It is veryeffective for retention and you are able to revise very quickly. Read the editorials carefullyand try and understand the main points. After reading, write a summary of the editorial inyour notebook. This would help you build your own opinion.

You can read selective articles from Frontline and Yojana. If you want to, then you mayalso look at some competitive magazine.

Internet can prove very useful especially for Science and Tech. You may join a Test Series to practice writing and organizing answers. Also in test series,

you learn to control your nervousness when faced with questions that you do not know. For India and the World- Understand the core issues between India and various nations.

The external relations can be structured into political, economic, defence, cultural, S&T,etc. so prepare in these dimensions.

Answer writing in the Exam You must form original opinions on matters of current interest around you. Try and

organize your answer in such a way that it appeals to the examiner. You can use an intelligent mixture of paras and points in your answers. You can make intelligent guesses to answers of questions you dont know but do this in

the end. When direct questions come from conventional areas, you MUST attempt them very well

since such questions would be attempted well by many other candidates. You cannotafford to lose unnecessary marks in this area. For instance, even though less questions may

be asked from History recently, that doesnt mean you can now ignore History. In fact that

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means, you now need to be all the more careful because if any direct question comes, youshould be able to answer it correctly.

For current affairs, apart from current events in national and international sphere, focus onGovt. Policy decisions. Try and understand the rationale behind the decisions. You must

know both the positives and negatives of each action of government. For Paper-II, international affairs questions, it is useful if you first give some historical

aspect of the relations between the nations and then talk about the current aspect. You cancover this area well from the Yellow Book.

Please remember that analysis of issues rather than mere memorization of facts is becoming more and more important and that is what the examiner is looking for. Even ifthe question is factual, it is always a good idea to give some analysis along with it.

Effort from your side Earlier, I talked about the need to make a lot of effort from your side. By that I mean, you

must not only have a mastery over the class notes, but you must always be open to newinformation from other sources. You cannot rely only on material given in the class.

You must also try and visit the websites of ministries, spend a little time on the Internetsurfing for information of interest, read some news magazines and try and read at least theeditorials from one other newspaper apart from The Hindu.

Newspaper Reading- This is very important.In the end I just want to say, that for GS especially, do not judge your coaching class by the fact as tohow many questions in the exam finally came from your class discussions. Instead, you must judgethe class based on whether it taught you how to approach and handle the GS subject. Even though,

the class will steer you in the right direction, the hard-work has to be yours.

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Strategy for GS (Advanced- Unit Wise) byMs. Rukmani Riar

In Uncategorized on June 2, 2012 at 14:03

Vote of Thanks First, I must thank Ms. Rukmani Riar (Rank-2) for being very kind to spare some time and share herstrategy for GS preparation. She will try and reply to any queries you post. She has scoredexceedingly well in GS (311 marks) and so I feel she will be able to guide the candidates much

better. I thank her on behalf of all the candidates once again.

How to prepare for GS General Studies is the most crucial paper of CSE. With the news taking rounds thatUPSC is planningto do away with the optionals the importance of GS has increased manifold.

Newspaper the best friend!

First and foremost reading a newspaper (I read Hindu) is the starting point. Now the question is howto read the paper. Initially one must spend 45 minutes to one hour on the paper. With time theduration can come down to half an hour. The national news, international news and the economysections of the paper must not be ignored. One can choose to make notes from the paper daily andkeep the editorials which can help immensely to answer essay, bilateral and international sectionswith ease and efficiency. As science and technology section of UPSC is very unpredictable thereforenewspaper will be most handy means to answer this section. One more point to be kept in mind isthat not to stop reading the paper at any time of the preparation, as this helps the aspirants to writeup-to-date answers which will give them that extra edge needed to clear the exam with eminence.

The notes made from the newspaper must be revised at least 2-3 times before the prelims andeditorials be read once before the mains. You can separate the editorials subject wise (if they are ontopics in optional syllabus) which will make the revision more organised.

Monthly Magazines After the newspaper, reading of two magazines is a must. I recommend you to pickfromPritiyogitaDarpan (PD), Competition wizard and Civil services times. The special editions ofthese magazines are very helpful in attempting the CSE. For example the economy edition of PD,Geography and history special of wizard are very comprehensive and detailed.Yojna andKurukshetra should be selected edition wise, if the topic is very contemporary or useful for theoptionals, as the entire magazine is on one topic so magazines like these need not be read in entiretyand only two articles can be selected to prepare oneself adequately on the topic of that edition. Someof the yojna issues last year on rural development, urban migration, Agriculture helped meimmensely for my optionals and GS.

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When magazines are read its advisable to mark on the outset the points for P.T and t he sections forMains (you can use different pens or just write PT, Mains on the side) this will help in quickerrevision at a later stage and help you to save very crucial time.

Indian Polity For Indian Polity I read D.D Basu along with bare act from P.M Bakshi. Each topic must be readalong with the articles which makes the preparation more through. Indian Polity Wizard book (ALSPublication) is available in the market it can be consulted along with the books mentioned. Any newswith regard to Indian polity (elections, political and democratic institutions) must be read on theinternet to have more factual information for prelims and in depth analysis for the mains. (e.g fromthe last month news following questions need a clear understanding: should we move towards a

presidential form of government?, what are the advantages of having parliamentary form ofdemocracy, when was lokpal bill first introduced what is its composition as proposed by governmentat present? Details of Electoral College for Indian P residents elections).

Indian History For history I recommend NCERT books (6 th to 12 th) for ancient, medieval and Morden sections. Themodern history is most important from the point of view of CSE hence it requires additional effort.You can refer to wizard book on Modern History or General Studies manual (Tata McGraw) for thesame. Apart from this solving previous year question papers and expected questions must be

practiced to give oneself a fair idea about the level of preparation. For Indian culture any book can be picked up which covers Indian festivals, art and literature forms, Architecture, poetry, literatureand drama history of India.

Geography In Indian geography section, physiology, drainage, population, location of all scientific institutions,mineral distribution, industries, environment, ecology and wildlife, energy need special emphasis.Energy chapter in India year book can be consulted to update the information if time permits.Industry must be studied from both geography and economy point of view. Ecology and wildlife isvery crucial and hence must be updated regularly from the newspapers. Small maps in the atlas onsoil types, scientific institutions, mineral deposits etc can be looked at to memorise easily.

For general geography and world geography the same wizard book on geography will be more than

sufficient. Special editions on these topics are published in Competition Wizard magazine which can be helpful for quick revision (only for prelims). Any place which is in news should be looked up onthe map to understand its exact location and surrounding areas.

Indian Economy Indian economy needs special emphasis. I recommend reading a basic book for clearing the concepts(for those of non-economic background), it could be 12 th level economics book. These concepts need

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to be regularly updated from the economic sections of newspapers and magazines. Thefundamentals need to be clear and for that one should make a list of all basic terms of economicsthat one comes across on daily basis and discuss with teachers or friends e.g what is the difference

between FDI and FII or between fiscal deficit and revenue deficit. I also would recommend the CSE

aspirants to read the following chapters in economic survey1. Social Security2. Agriculture

Sciences For the prelims the order of preference must be biology > physics> chemistry. General Studiesmanual (tatamcgraw) serves the purpose or one can refer to 10 thand 12th standard books of thesesubjects (ncert).

Statistics One must focus on statistics as they are sure shot marks in the mains. Statistics must not be ignored

as they can make a difference of 50 marks to the final total.

Bilateral and International relations The reason I have put this under a separate head is because for the mains bilateral and internationalrelations form veryimportant part of GS paper 2, in which candidates tend to have a low score. It isimportant to keep all updates on this topic from the newspapers and monthly magazines. Towards themains a special wizard book (mains special) comes out which I referred to update this section. Civilservices times (magazine) constantly updates the development on this front which proved veryuseful. Also, this section must be prepared with a equal focus on factual information and itsanalytical part. (e.g. How are regional organisations impacting the geopolitical canvas of SouthAsia?)

Science and technology Science and technology section is very vast and unpredictable. I would not advice non sciencestudents to spend too much time on this section. Whatever can be covered from newspapers should

be done. Defence, environment, nuclear and space science are some important sections which needspecial emphasis.

Is there a difference between mains and prelims preparation?

Many have their own views on this question, but if you were to ask me, there isnt much of adifference as one needs factual and analytical information for mains as well as the prelims. Based onmy experience one should start GS preparation from the mains point of view at the onset (about 8months prior to prelims). The detailed and exhaustive preparation for mains helps CSE candidates to

become adequately prepared to tackle all kinds of questions in prelims. 2-3 months prior to the prelims ones focus for GS preparation should only be prelims, which includes fast repeated revisions,solving previous year questions or some test series available in the market, going back to the notes

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from the newspapers, re-reading the marked sections for PT in monthly magazines and practicingmathematics for CSAT .

The last word! Revision is the key to score well in GS. I made a consistent effort to revise conventional GS at least 4times before the mains, and also go back to newspaper notes and magazines (marked portions).

When it comes to attempting the GS mains two things are important one, stick to the word limit andsecond attempt 250 plus in both the papers.

Goodluck!

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Strategy for Geography by Mr. MangeshKumar (AIR-4)

In Uncategorized on July 13, 2012 at 16:52

Vote of Thanks I have to thank Mr. Mangesh Kumar (Rank-4) for being very kind to spare some time and share hisstrategy for Geography in detail with us. I must mention that Mr Mangesh held a seminar at NewDelhi which received overwhelming response from candidates. Some of my friends attended thatseminar and gave me very positive feedback about it. So, I requested him to pen down his thoughtsin a write-up to reach a wider spectrum of aspirants. I am sure everyone will benefit from this article.He will try and reply to any queries you post but please bear with the delay in his responses. I thankhim on behalf of all the candidates once again.

How to prepare for Geography

Geography is a good subject with the civil services point of view. During last few years it comes outto be one of the most favourite choices of Civil Services Aspirants. The basic strategy for geographystarts with study of NCERT books.

Start preparation before one year of the prelims. Make a strategy to complete the syllabus topic wise.The basic concepts of each topic should be clear so that one can write in his language in examination.Try to incorporate maximum figures in your answers. Geography is the subject where one can makeanswers crisp and attractive by figures. Wherever map is required draw it. Between two questions ofchoice in exam attempt the question in which chances of drawing figure are more. The most

important fact which one should keep in mind in geography is time management. Each aspirant feelsdifficulty in attempting all questions in geography. What I suggest is continuous writing practice.

We have to solve the question paper of 300 marks in 3 hours i.e. 180 minutes. Thus we get 0.6minutes for one mark. It can easily be calculated that ideally for 15 marks question we gat 9 minutesand almost 150-200 words and for 30 mark question we get 18 minutes and almost 300-350 words.So what one can do, pick a question randomly from last year question papers start stop watch and tryto complete the answer in above time limit and word limit. After time limit stop writing and thencheck the answer yourself as well as show it to your friends or guide. Make sure that answer should

be legible as well as of good quality. Practice 3-4 questions daily. You will be amazed to see thatthere is a drastic improvement in your writing skill and time management skill. This type of writing

practice will help you not only in geography but in other optional and G.S. also.

Mapping has come out to be a real challenge in recent years. The strategy to handle India mapquestion is again practice. What one should do is to practice map everyday for one hour. Start frommountains first day, then rivers, then waterfalls and then important cities and so on. Also mark

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important places which are in news from news paper. Regular practice of mapping will make youmore confidant.

In recent past it is also being seen that second paper is evolving as a challenge for aspirants. Itsapplied nature is responsible for making it uncertain. So one should be careful in preparation ofsecond paper. For effective preparation one should be able to incorporate current topics ingeography. Thus while reading newspaper mark the topics which may be important for geographyand try to search material for those topics from internet. Start writing on those topics. Read each andevery issue of magazine Geography and you.

Important books: Paper I: 1) Geomorphology: Savindra singh and Strahler & Strahler

2) Climatology: D.S.Lal

3) Oceanography: Vatal and Sharma

4) Biogeography: Savindra Singh, Rupa made simple

5) Environment: ICSE books of 9 th and 10 th class6) Human and population Geography: Rupa made simple, Leong and Morgan

Paper II:

India Physical: Khullar, Majid Hussain

For other parts one can consult Rupa made simple

Geography and You magazine is best solution for applied form of second paper

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Strategy for Sociology By Mr. RajanvirSingh Kapur (AIR-92)


Vote of Thanks I have to thank Mr. Rajanvir Kapur (Rank-92) for being very kind to spare some time and share hisstrategy for Sociology in detail with us. I must mention that Mr Rajanvir has gone into minute detailsand he has completed this writeup despite the fact that he was unwell for many days. He will try andreply to any queries you post but please bear with the delay in his responses. He has scored

exceedingly well in Sociology and so I feel he will be able to guide the candidates much better. Ithank him on behalf of all the candidates once again.

SOCIOLOGY: WHAT YOU WANTED TO KNOW AND WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW! Rajanvir Singh Kapur Sociology as a subject is helpful in many ways. A good hold over the subject helps you immensely inhandling the social issues in GS as the knowledge comes handy. Even in the essay, there is certainlyat least one topic from Sociology. Moreover, the interview also has substantial portion involvingsocial issues and the subject is an asset in such a case. Apart from all these, once you enter theservices, a good hold over social realities helps you at all stages. For me, Sociology helped at all

these levels to a large extent. As I am an engineer, I can guide you just as much that ensures a goodscore and performance in the exam.

I will cover my article in fashion of few pivotal questions which you may have. You have somecommon questions in your mind and the following part of the article will try to help you solve many,if not all. Here we go!

YOU MAY THINK: Which and how many books to study? How to manage such a huge

reference list and how to control such large material? I THINK: Many people, especially peers, may suggest you to refer multiple books to understand thesyllabus. But, I differ and differ for sure. You should try to limit the sources while studying but makesure you do that extensively. There is a small trick to this. The trick is that you study some basicstuff, lets call it Primary. The primary material should be NCERT books, some fundamental bookslike Harlemboss for paper 1 and Y.Singh and R.Ahuja books for paper 2. In addition, you buy theSecondary material for r eference. But, the secondary material should be used only to refer somedifficult issues and for adding value to primary.

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Adding value to primary means extracting some thinkers views, case studies etc. Once you haveread the Primary material, you should search and add value from secondary material. You can simplylook for any new information, cases and books and add it to your primary material notes. You shouldnot read all the books deeply. Rather, one should read few with depth and then simply all new things

from multiple sources. Like this, your answers shall be comprehensive, fresh and with diverseknowledge.

YOU MAY THINK: What should be my writing style? How to write good answers in

sociology? I THINK : Writing style is pivotal in getting good score and writing nice answers. For sociology, thekey is to keep the language simple and bountiful. By bountiful, I mean that you should useextensively views of thinkers, case studies, books names etc. Unlike a subject like Pub Ad, whereyou can express your views liberally, in sociology you should use the views and opinions of thinkersand sociologists. This, according to me, makes the answers credible and scoring. But, there is onecatch here. You should not add case studies for the sake of adding only. They should be relevant tothe answer and should help it like good songs of a great Bollywood movie. Like the songs that takethe story forward, your answer should flow naturally with the help of these references etc.

YOU MAY THINK: The syllabus looks huge. How do I study the subject? Moreover, how do I

study paper 1 and paper 2 in connected way? I THINK: The best part of Sociology, according to me, is the linkage between the two papers. Oneshould not study the two papers exclusively but together in an intertwined fashion. Once the syllabusis studied like that, the subject takes less time and effort to master and do well in the exam. Now, Iwill describe a broad theme for such linkage that helped me and would surely help you as well. Toeasily control a subject like sociology, I personally categorized the whole syllabus into 8 slots. These8 slots are independent of paper 1 or 2 and link common topics. Even the questions in the exam askquestions that are linked as in these slots.Slot 1- INDEPENEDENT TOPICS :(This contains independent topics which are not much interconnected with other areas and can bestudied separately as a slot.)

PAPER-1 1. Sociology The Discipline:

(a) Modernity and social changes in Europe and emergence of sociology.

(b) Scope of the subject and comparison with other social sciences.

(c) Sociology and common sense.

2. Sociology as Science:

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(a) Science, scientific method and critique.

(b) Major theoretical strands of research methodology.

(c) Positivism and its critique.

(d) Fact value and objectivity.

(e) Non- positivist methodologies.

3. Research Methods and Analysis: (a) Qualitative and quantitative methods.

(b) Techniques of data collection.

(c) Variables, sampling, hypothesis, reliability and validity.

PAPER-2 A. Introducing Indian Society: (i) Perspectives on the study of Indian society: (a) Indology (GS. Ghurye).

(b) Structural functionalism (M N Srinivas).

(c) Marxist sociology ( A R Desai).

(ii) Impact of colonial rule on Indian society : (a) Social background of Indian nationalism.

(b) Modernization of Indian tradition.

(c) Protests and movements during the colonial period.

(d) Social reforms

(iii) Tribal communities in India: (a) Definitional problems.

(b) Geographical spread.

(c) Colonial policies and tribes.

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(d) Issues of integration and autonomy.

(vi)Population Dynamics: (a) Population size, growth, composition and distribution.

(b) Components of population growth: birth, death, migration.

(c) Population policy and family planning.

(d) Emerging issues: ageing, sex ratios, child and infant mortality, reproductive health.

Slot 2- THINKERS: PAPER-1 4. Sociological Thinkers:

(a) Karl Marx- Historical materialism, mode of production, alienation, class struggle.

(b) Emile Durkheim- Division of labour, social fact, suicide, religion and society.

(c) Max Weber- Social action, ideal types, authority, bureaucracy, protestant ethic and the spirit ofcapitalism.

(d) Talcolt Parsons- Social system, pattern variables.

(e) Robert K. Merton- Latent and manifest functions, conformity and deviance, reference groups

(f) Mead Self and identity.

Slot 3- STRATIFICATION, CASTE AND CLASS: PAPER-1 5. Stratification and Mobility: (a) Concepts- equality, inequality, hierarchy, exclusion, poverty and deprivation

(b) Theories of social stratification- Structural functionalist theory, Marxist theory, Weberian theory.

(c) Dimensions Social stratification of class, status groups, gender, ethnicity and race.

(d) Social mobility- open and closed systems, types of mobility, sources and causes of mobility.

PAPER-2 (ii) Caste System:

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(a) Perspectives on the study of caste systems: GS Ghurye, M N Srinivas, Louis Dumont, AndreBeteille.

(b) Features of caste system.

(c) Untouchability forms and perspectives

(iv) Social Classes in India: (a) Agrarian class structure.

(b) Industrial class structure.

(c) Middle classes in India.

Slot 4-WORK, ECONOMIC LIFE, AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRY: PAPER-1 6. Works and Economic Life: (a) Social organization of work in different types of society- slave society, feudal society, industrial/capitalist society.

(b) Formal and informal organization of work

(c) Labour and society.

PAPER-2 (ii) Rural and Agrarian transformation in India: (a) Programmes of rural development, Community Development Programme, cooperatives, povertyalleviation schemes.

(b) Green revolution and social change.

(c) Changing modes of production in Indian agriculture .

(d) Problems of rural labour, bondage, migration.

(iii) Industrialization and Urbanisation in India: (a) Evolution of modern industry in India.

(b) Growth of urban settlements in India.

(c) Working class: structure, growth, class mobilization.

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(d) Informal sector, child labour

(e) Slums and deprivation in urban areas.

Slot 7- POLITICS, WESTERN AND INDIAN: PAPER-1 7. Politics and Society: (a) Sociological theories of power

(b) Power elite, bureaucracy, pressure groups, and political parties.

(c) Nation, state, citizenship, democracy, civil society, ideology.

(d) Protest, agitation, social movements, collective action, revolution.

PAPER-2 (iv) Politics and Society: (a) Nation, democracy and citizenship.

(b) Political parties, pressure groups , social and political elite.

(c) Regionalism and decentralization of power.

(d) Secularization

Slot 8- RELIGION, WESTERN AND INDIAN: PAPER-1 8. Religion and Society: (a) Sociological theories of religion.

(b) Types of religious practices: animism, monism, pluralism, sects, cults.

(c) Religion in modern society: religion and science, secularization, religious revivalism,fundamentalism.

PAPER-2 (vi) Religion and Society: (a) Religious communities in India.

(b) Problems of religious minorities.

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Slot 9- FAMILY, KINSHIP, MARRIAGE: PAPER-1 9. Systems of Kinship: (a) Family, household, marriage.

(b) Types and forms of family.

(c) Lineage and descent

(d) Patriarchy and sexual division of labour

(e) Contemporary trends.

PAPER-2

(v) Systems of Kinship in India: (a) Lineage and descent in India.

(b) Types of kinship systems.

(c) Family and marriage in India.

(d) Household dimensions of the family.

(e) Patriarchy, entitlements and sexual division of labour.

Slot 10- SOCIAL CHANGE: PAPER-1 10. Social Change in Modern Society: (a) Sociological theories of social change.

(b) Development and dependency.

(c) Agents of social change.

(d) Education and social change.

(e) Science, technology and social change.

PAPER-2 (i) Visions of Social Change in India: (a) Idea of development planning and mixed economy.

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(b) Constitution, law and social change.

(c) Education and social change.

(v) Social Movements in Modern India: (a) Peasants and farmers movements.

(b) Womens movement.

(c) Backward classes & Dalit movement.

(d) Environmental movements.

(e) Ethnicity and Identity movements.

(vii) Challenges of Social Transformation: (a) Crisis of development: displacement, environmental problems and sustainability.

(b) Poverty, deprivation and inequalities.

(c) Violence against women.

(d) Caste conflicts.

(e) Ethnic conflicts, communalism, religious revivalism.

(f) Illiteracy and disparities in education.

Ina nutshell, if you study the syllabus in these 10 slots, then it will be easier to revise, make notes andalso to answer applied questions. Most of the applied questions nowadays make use of such linkagesand studying the subject in this fashion makes the job very easy indeed. This helped metremendously and I am sure it would be beneficial for you too.

YOU MAY THINK: How do I make sure my exam temperament is good? How do I finally

revise such huge syllabus and get good score. I THINK: For amazing performance, you surely need great exam temperament. I believe that greatexam temperament comes from the fact that you know that you have revised well and you are sure ofyour preparation. Now, for this, just imagine two scenarios.Scenario 1: Your Sociology Mains exam is just 2 days away. You want to do well, but are veryconfused. There are 20 books, 15 notebooks and 100s of leaflets from coaching kept on your study

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table. You have marked and highlighted but still you need a lot of time going through so many pages.You pray to God and start studying.

OR

Scenario 2: Your Sociology Mains exam is just 2 days away. You want to do well, and you are sureyou will. There are 20 books, 15 notebooks and 100s of leaflets from coaching in your bag. But, yourstudy table just has those 80 sheets you prepared as NOTES for last time revision. You have alreadygone through the notes 5 times and you still plan to go through them a lot of times to make sure youdo exceedingly well. You pray to God and start studying.

So, my dear friends, you can very well imagine what will happen in last few days before the exam.The key to have great performance is great revision which is possible through great NOTES. Youshould, before at least 1 month before the Mains, prepare short notes for entire syllabus. These

should be concise, complete, crispy and clear. This will enable you multiple last time revisions. Thatwill ensure that you are comfortably in the Scenario 2 and you go the exam hall beaming withconfidence and that will reflect in your answers and result.

I hope the article helped. Lastly, I sincerely congratulate PrinceDhawan for such a wonderfulendeavor to help aspirants. All the best friends! In case you have any query, I would try my best toreach back. Thanks and good luck!

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Strategy for Psychology by Ms. Shena Aggarwal (AIR-1)


Vote of Thanks Ms. Shena needs no introduction. She has aced the UPSC exam and I am sure that her words areinspiring for all of us. I can not thank her enough for penning down this writeup on Psychology

preparation for the blog. She has been extremely busy with her training at Nagpur but that could notdampen her zeal and enthusiasm to help new candidates in their preparation. I am convinced that hertips will go a long way in guiding aspirants in the right direction. She will try and reply to anyqueries you post but please bear with the delays in her replies. I thank her profusely on behalf of allthe candidates once again.

Strategy for Psychology Psychology is widely preferred as an optional subject for civil services examination. The usualreasons for the same include- it is an easy subject, it is a safe subject, it is considered a scoringsubject etc. I would advice someone to chose this subject not for these secondary reasons, but if youdevelop an interest in the subject and wish to know about it more. This is the most important thing

because only if you enjoy studying it, then you can give your best efforts.

The subject has 2 papers- paper 1 deals with the theoretical aspects and basic principles of psychology, while paper 2 talks about applied psychology and its use in various fields. Afterknowing this, the first step one should take is open the syllabus and go through it thoroughly. UPSCtends to limit itself to the syllabus and so should us while preparing for the exam. Also, knowledge ofthe syllabus gives us an idea of what is expected of us, and how much we have to cover.

STUDY MATERIAL- Next come the most asked about questions- What books to study, whether to join coaching or not, which coaching? My approach towards this has always been to study one bookmultiple times, rather than multiple books one time. The usual books followed are-

NCERT Psychology- class 11, 12 Morgan and King- paper 1

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It is advisable to revise the same material multiple times. You can also make concise notes in yourown language to help in easy revision later. Try to develop the gist of every topic in the form of aflowchart or diagram. This will save time later and help in making the answers more effective.

Practice answer writing to ensure that you can convey your answers in an effective manner. Everygood answer has two components- content and presentation. First read the question thoroughly tounderstand the demands of the question- what is it asking about, whether the details of any theory, orits comparative advantages and disadvantages with another, or if it is asking about the application

part. Just jot down the points you would want to cover in a few seconds and only then start writing.This wil l make sure that you dont lose track of the question and cover all the points asked. Most ofthe people do well on the content part but lack in presentation. Always try to put yourself in theexaminers shoes and then youll realise what kind of answer yo u should write- it should be crisp andclear, in a legible writing, and preferably with some diagrams or flowcharts to make the same answermore effective. Try to highlight the important points and avoid repetition. Thus effective answerwriting is an art which can be only mastered by regular practice. Try to make such mind maps anddiagrams while studying and recapitulating the information. One can either join the test series of anycoaching institute for the same or practice writing answers at home. Go through the previous yearquestion papers and test your knowledge and practice writing answers to those. It would be better ifyou can get these checked by a teacher so that youll get a better idea of your mistakes and furtherimprovements that can be made. I had joined the test series at Vajiram and Lufe institutes. This helpsto analyse ones answers and improve them the next time.

Another thing to keep in mind is to make efficient utilisation of the exam time of three hours. Spend

the first few minutes going through all the questions and deciding about the questions you know bestand would attempt. This exercise should not take more than 5 or 10 minutes. Then divide the timeequally amongst all the 5 questions, while keeping 10-15 minutes in the end as reserve or extra forrevision or unseen situations. So youll have approximately 30 minutes per question. Try to stick tothe word limit, with some deviation on either side. These days in psychology, we dont generally get60 mark questions, but 10, 20 or 30 mark questions. For a 10 marker, just stick to the points and givethe information asked. For a 20 or 30 mark question also, first focus on the content required and thenyou can just supplement it with a brief introduction or conclusion with regard to word limit and timeavailability. This time management skill and speed improvement can also be developed with repeated

practice.

EXAM TIME- The last few days before the exam should be spent wisely in revising the syllabuscovered earlier. Dont try to learn new things in this time. One day before the exam, try to finish the

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revision on time and then relax for some time. A fresh mind will have a better memory recall andwill help in writing fresh and innovative answers.

So, in the end, make sure-

Go through the syllabus and collect the relevant study material. Make a long term plan and complete the syllabus in time, topic wise. Focus should be on understanding rather than rote learning. Do multiple revisions of the same material. Try to enhance the answers by including contemporary examples from newspapers, magazines

and internet. Read the question carefully to understand the demands of the question.

Practice answer writing and make use of flowcharts, graphs and diagrams to make your answersmore effective.

Make efficient utilisation of the time and stick to the word limit.All the best..!!

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Strategy for History by Ms. SurabhiMalik (AIR-51)

In Uncategorized on August 14, 2012 at 14:41

Vote of Thanks Ms. Surabhi is one of the few people who are true at heart and say what is in their minds. Shespecially called me up to appreciate my efforts in the building up of this blog for the benefits ofaspirants. At that time, I requested her to take some time out and write a post on Preparation ofHistory Optional subject for which I had already received many requests from the readers. Shereadily agreed and responded promptly by emailing me the write-up within 24 hours. I was sotouched and moved by her enthusiasm to help that I have no words to thank her enough. I feel hertips would be very useful for all the candidates especially because authentic sources for guidance inHistory are limited. I thank Ms. Surabhi on behalf of all the candidates once again for her efforts. She

would try and reply to some queries that you post but please bear with the delay in her responses.Strategy for History Optional

This is a subject where strategising becomes paramount; since the expanse of the syllabus itselfappears insurmountable. Since you are preparing for exam purposes here and your primary objectiveis not, presumably, the love of learning , it becomes important to begin, as I like to put it,

backwards.

Its best to analyse the question papers spanning at least a decade; questions before that are toosimplistic to have a fair chance of appearing in the same form again. So, I would suggestcompartmentalising questions based on chronology. That gives us a fairly expansive scale of topicsto focus on. Second, when preparing a particular topic from a book or notes, its important to cover itin entirety i.e. think of all possible aspects of a situation that you can be questioned on. Apart fromfacts, focus on whys why civilis ations crumbled, how different was their end to anothers end.How religious policies contributed to administration, art and architecture. Focus on analyticalquestions, but be clear about facts. Only when there is clarity of facts relating to different periods canyou handle a question that seeks to highlight the differences and similarities therein. You must beclear in your head what the basic differences between different civilisations are. This suggests a

panoramic view of history along with some microscopic treatment. Last year, there were somedescriptive questions like Khiljis market reforms, etc and these are very standard questions thatserve as bonus for an exam- taker. Dont be caught off -guard on such questions.

For books, I began with Modern India by Bipin Chandra, supplemented by Indias struggle forIndependence by Bipin Chandra, Mukherjee, Panikkar. Spectrums book on Modern India that

people use for the prelims is also a storehouse of facts! For Ancient India, I referred to AncientIndia by R.S. Sharma (a wonderfully concise book where every single word is important) andsupplemented sparsely by The Wonder that was India by A.L. Basham. Romila Thapars treatment

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of Ashoka is venerated in Indian historiography. For Medieval India, I found Satish Chandras twovolumes on Medieval India quite sufficient.

Apart from this, another famous standard text is An Advanced History of India by Majumdar,Raychaudhuri and Dutta.

Personally, I got some history notes from Mr. Hemant Jha in Delhi. I found them very useful forfilling in important gaps in my knowledge. He covers different aspects of topics and questionsremarkably well, with regard to extra information and facts. Be aware though, you should be readingstandard texts for improving your answer-writing abilities.

As a part of my strategy, I covered the Indian History very exhaustively and was a little selective forWorld History. I do not necessarily recommend this, since it is generally thought that the questionson World History are more straightforward than questions on Modern India. I did so because mycomfort level with Indian History was greater and I felt confident of being able to tackle trickyquestions. In my selective studies on World History, i followed Mr. Hemant Jhas note s as well asModern World by K. Krishna Reddy. There are other better books, you should google and looksome of those up. I focussed on European History and the Revolutions in particular as I saw arepetition of questions in these topics.

For Map, there are books available in the market with a large number of map sites and Im afraidtheres no short cut there. You really have to learn to mark all of them on the map and learn atleast 3things about each place.

Finally, remember to set targets and achieve daily goals! Anything left over tends to add updangerously in History. Remember you will be writing 4-5 page answers, and when you havecovered an aspect of a question that satisfies that word limit, move on. Youre not here to dospecialised research on one particular area. While answering questions, your introduction andconclusion should be impressive. While I personally used my introduction to explain the setting andcontext of the question, I used my conclusion to summarise my answer and place into perspective thedirection that my answer took. Make sure its insightful; thats half the battle won! All the best toeveryone!

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Name : RUKMANI RIARCivil Services(Main) Examination 2011Subject Maximum Marks Marks ObtainedEssay 200 99General Studies 600 311Optional I, Sociology 600 324Optional II, Political Science& IR 600 363Written Total 2000 1097Interview Marks 300 230Final Total 2300 1327

Remarks : Recommended

Roll No. : 233541Name : SHENA AGGARWALCivil Services(Main) Examination 2011Subject Maximum Marks Marks Obtained

Essay 200 113General Studies 600 282Optional I,Medical Science 600 417Optional II, Psychology 600 316Written Total 2000 1128Interview Marks 300 210Final Total 2300 1338

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Writing Skills Now let's come to writing answers in mains.IN GS you have a huge range of answers to write, from 20 words to 250 word answers. Eachtype of question demands separate treatment.

20 word/ 2markers******************Try to write as much information in less space. Write in phrases and not full grammaticalsentences, punctuate these phrases with ";" , The idea is to write maximum possible stuff aboutthe topic under question.

10 marks*********

These kind of question requires writing about 100-120 words. Now you don't have much spaceto maneuver around. Please do not write an introduction in these answers as that takes a lot ofwords. Start your actual answer with the first word.

20 marks/30 marks********************These questions appear in your optional papers as well.The word limit is about 200-275 words. For these questions, write an introduction that is smalland sweet. Try to mould the question itself in an answer format giving the examiner an idea that

you know what you are talking about. For e.g. If there is a question about President being aceremonial position and nothing else, You can start by stating that, Indian constitution has

provided for a President as the head of the state, But the real position of importance is that ofthe PM who is the head of the govt. But while saying this, you should also continue and saythat, calling the institution of President merely a ceremonial one would be wrong because theconstitution has provided some discretionary powers to the president. Now your 1st paragraphends.

Your introduction should be about 25-35 words.

In the next paragraph, start with why president is a nominal head. Quote article 74, 42ndamendment act, 44th AA and so on. Then in the next paragraph write why he is not just aceremonial head.

Do not waste words. Every sentence should have relevance to the answer.

Then conclude the answer in about 20-30 words. But do not write a conclusion that is similar to

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your introduction.

60 Marks***********

This kind of questions appear only in optional papers.For these answers you have no word limit whatsoever. I have written some answers as long as950 words. But remember you can't do that to every answer. Maybe the 1st and 2nd 60 markeryou can write upto this length, but your last 60 marker would somehow suffer. So choose your

best 2 60 markers initially and try to wind them in 1:20 to 1:30 hours. Try to treat them the best.After that in something like 1.5 hours you have to finish 6 20 markers and 1 60 marker. That'show I wrote my papers.

In a 60 marker you have a lot of space. Write a good and lengthy introduction, something like

60 to 80 words or so. Then every paragraph should have a theme or idea. Please do not write in points a 60 marker answer. Avoid writing in points your optional answer papers, even 20markers.

Finish with a conclusion about 40-50 words long. Also underline the words or phrases that areinstrumental to the answer. The underlining should not be overdone. I think one should refrainfrom using red or green color pens to underline. I used either the same color or black/bluecombination.

Try to make figures if they are relevant to the answer. If you can, create your own figures.You can make them even in a 20 marker.

Now, most of the students face this problem. When they first start writing answers, they can'tstart the introduction. So please practice introduction writing for as many questions as you can.That will make it easier in the exam to start.

Secondly, your handwriting should be legible if not beautiful. Practice on it if you have a badone. I had a bad one. I worked on it.

Thirdly, you should practice answer writing regularly, if possible try to get them evaluated by agood teacher or a good student. Now, when you practice answer writing, write them in the timelimit that the exam will offer you. A well written 20 marker in 2 hours won't serve any purposewhatsoever.

Last. Try to write grammatically correct and sensible sentences. Do not go for the myth that

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flowery language or exotic vocabulary helps score better. Write simple and meaningfulsentences.

One more thing, before starting the answer, understand the demand of the question. Do not

presuppose the demand of the question. Often we start writing w/o understanding the questioncorrectly.

Then after understanding the question rightly, you should make a framework of your answersomewhere as to what all you want to write. This will help as in the process of writing you tendto forget points easily.

I hope this will help you in your mains.I will follow this post with essay post.

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