© geoland2 consortium european commission fast track service land within the gmes initiative in...
TRANSCRIPT
© geoland2 consortium© geoland2 consortium
European Commission Fast Track Service Land within the GMES initiative in FP-7
Towards an operational
Global component of GMES Land Monitoring Core Service
F. Camacho, R. Lacaze, I. Trigo, F. Baret, G. Balsamo, K. Dabrowska, V. Lefèvre, J.C. Calvet, W. Wagner, P. Deforuny, K. Tansey, G. Borstlap, M. Leroy
EOLAB, HYGEOS, IM, INRA, ECMWF, IgiK, ITF, MF, TU Wien, UCL, UL,VITO, CNES
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Outline
Context Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES ) Land Monitoring Core Service (LMCS) Needs for Global LMCS
Users Global Land Monitoring Core Service
Requirements Land Cover & LC Change Vegetation, Radiation, Fire Snow, Ice
Implementation: The Geoland-2 project Background Functional view
BioPar Core Mapping Service Objectives Structure Portfolio
Quality Assessment Plan SDI Summary
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Man-made impact & climate variability – require adaptationMan-made impact & climate variability – require adaptationDirectives & Regulations – requesting geo-spatial monitoringDirectives & Regulations – requesting geo-spatial monitoring
AgricultureAgriculture – intensification leads to water stress,soil erosion and biodiversity decline
Soil ErosionSoil Erosion – 17% of total European land area affected, economic loss around 85 € per ha
BiodiversityBiodiversity – 335 species highlyendangered in Europe
WaterWater – 20% of all surface watersources seriously threatened by pollution
Urban SettlementsUrban Settlements and transport networksand transport networks growing - leads to soil sealing and fragmentation of landscape
Global environment under pressure …
e.g. man-made and climate induced changes in Europe
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Context
Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) aims to provide, on a sustained basis, reliable and timely geo-information services related to environmental and security issues in support of public policy makers’ needs
GMES is an EU-led initiative, in which ESA implements the space component and the European Commission manages actions for developing services, relying on both in-situ and space-borne remote sensing data.
“Fast Track” Services Marine Monitoring Emergencies Response Land Monitoring Core Service
GMES basic architecture Infrastructures: In-situ and Space data Core Mapping Services : Generic products Down-stream services: End-users applications
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Needs for a Global Land Monitoring Core Service
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EU 'development' policies European Consensus on Development (Enviroment, Water, Agriculture, Rural Devl) European Consensus on Humanitarian Aid Joint Africa-EU Strategy (AMESD, GMES & AFRICA) Other relevant policies (Thematic Strategy for Food Security, Environment and Natural
Resources Thematic Program (ENRTP), EU Water Initiative (EUWI))
International environmental treaties UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (eg. Kioto Protocol). UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) UN Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD) UN Forum on Forest (UNFF) + UN Millennium Development Goals
Why? Because environmental protection and civil security are global issues
that require global monitoring to provide an informed basis for action.
Link with other international initiatives Global LMCS will be part of GEOSS Linked to GCOS, GTOS, IGOS, CEOS…
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Users
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Users European institutions (DG DEV, DG AIDCO, DG ENV, DG AGRI, EEA) International bodies (IPCC, UNFCCC, UNCCD, UNCBD) International agencies (FAO, UNEP, ECMWF, JRC-ACP, JRC/FOODSEC.) Other organisations (AMESD, GEO,..) Research on Earth Science System (ESSP, WCRP, IGBP, …) NGO, Civil society, Private sector (crop production, forest ..)
Need geo-information products for Climate Change, including Carbon fluxes; Land degradation and desertification; Forest and natural resources Biodiversity Water resources Agriculture and Food resources Urban and regional development
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Global Land Monitoring Core Service
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Three service elements: Global Systematic Monitoring Services ( ECVs)
Land Cover and Land Cover Change Vegetation, Fire, Radiation Water and Soil Snow, Glacier, Ice, permafrost
Hot Spots ad hoc Monitoring Services (eg. GMES & Africa) Thematic Services (eg. Land Carbon, Crop Monitoring)
Definition of product ‘status’: Development: Products under development Pre-operational: Products generated routinely and available to beta-users
for evaluation. Further improvements are expected after validation. Operational: Products generated routinely and validated.
Accuracy level: Threshold accuracy: Minimum acceptable quality. Target accuracy: Commitment from the producer. Optimal accuracy: Maximum expected accuracy.
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Requirements Consistent long-time series of ECVs Improving spatial resolution (better than 1 km when possible) Products independent of satellite sensors (multi-sensor approach) Products with uncertainties defined according to CEOS WGCV
procedures
Land Cover & Land Cover Change
Global Land Monitoring Core Service
1 Depends on application
Name ECV Horizontal resolution
Frequency of product update Error1 Maturity
Land c
over
/
land c
over
change
Land cover maps X 250m / 1km 1year 15% pre-operational
Fine-scale land cover maps X 10-30 m 1-5 years 15% pre-operational
Global land cover dynamics and disturbances (for several processes) X 250m / 1km Intra-annual/
long-time series 15% pre-operational
Fine-scale land cover change X 10-30 m 1-5 years 15% pre-operational
Hot spot land cover change monitoring 1-30 m 1-2 years
or less 15%
pre-operational for some change
processes
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Vegetation, Fire and Radiation
Global Land Monitoring Core Service
Type of service Global systematic monitoring service
Name ECV Horizontal resolution
Frequency of product update Error Maturity
TOC (top of canopy) reflectance
Veg
etat
ion
Fraction of Vegetation Cover 250m / 1km 7/10-days 15% pre-op
Leaf Area Index X 250m / 1km 7/10-days 15% pre-op
FAPAR X 250m / 1km 7/10-days 15% pre-op
Biomass X development
Fire
Burnt area maps X 250m 7/10-days 15% pre-op
Active Fire maps X 250m / 1km 7/10-days 15% pre-op
Fire Radiated pow er X 250m / 1km 7/10-days 15% pre-op
Rad
iatio
n
Land surface albedo X 250m / 1km 7/10-days 5% pre-op
Land surface temperature 250m / 1-3km 15 min/6 hours 1-2 K operational
Surface f luxes - Short-wave 250m / 1km 7/10-days 5-10 % operational
Surface f luxes - downward long-wave 250m / 1km 30 min 5-10 % operational
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Water and Soil
Global Land Monitoring Core Service
Name ECV Horizontal resolution
Frequency of product update Error Maturity
Wate
r and s
oil
Lakes maps. Wetlands/f lood plains 30-250m 10-30 days 10% operational
Level of lakes Level of large rivers X > 4 km
> 500 m 10-days 10 cm 20-70 cm ? pre-op
Lake surface temperature 1 km 1/10-days 0.5 K pre-op
Ground water X < 400 km 1-month 15% development
Actual Evapotranspiration 3 km 30min 0.1-0.4 mm/h pre-op
Water Quality
Soil type map
Soil productivity
Soil threats (human pressure)
Soil moisture (up to 10-cm soil depth) (X) 1-50 km 1-day 20% development
Snow, Glacier, Ice and Permafrost
1 For g lobal climate studies, not applicable in mountains 2 For water management and climate downscaling
Name ECV Horizontal resolution
Frequency of product update Error Maturity
Snow
Snow area extent X 1km 1-7 day 5% pre-op
Snow area extent (mountain areas) 500m 1-7 day 5% pre-op
Snow depth1 X 10km 1-week 10% pre-op
Snow depth2 500m 1-week 10% development
Snow water equivalent (SWE)3 X 10km 1-week 10% pre-op
Snow water equivalent (SWE)4 500m 1-week 10% development
Gla
cie
r a
nd ic
e s
heets Glacier area maps X 30-50 m 5-year 3% pre-op
Glacier surface topography 100 m 5-year 5 m (z) development
Ice sheet margin 1 km 1-year 2 km pre-op
Ice sheet topography X 1 km 1-year 0.5 m (z) development
Ice sheet elevation changes X 5 km 1-year 0.1 m (z) development
Ice sheet melt area 5 km 1-week 5 km pre-op
Permafrost extent continental (using indicators) X 1 km 10 year 2 % development
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Implementation: Geoland-2
LMCS complements existing operational European services: EUMETSAT / SAF Land, JRC / MARS Food, JRC/ ACP Observatory
ESA DUE GLOBCARBON, GLOBCOVER, GLOBSNOW.. Data distribution: PUMA, AMESD, EUMETCast, DevCoCost…
Geoland-2Implementation of
OperationalCapacity
Geoland-2Implementation of
OperationalCapacity
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geoland2 : Functional view
3 Core Mapping Services Euroland (Land Cover) SATChMo (Seasonal Monitoring) BioPar (Biophysical Parameters)
7 Core Information Services Land Carbon Natural Resource Monitoring in
Africa (NARMA) Global Crop Monitoring Forest Agri‐Environment Water Spatial Planning
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BioPar Objectives
Set-up an operational system, fully validated, developed according to industry standard, and that meets users’ needs.
Taking benefit of previous R&D projects to complement (SAF Land) or to extend (VGT4Africa) operational services
Building a strong user base (user-driven service)
Moving from off-line processing to Near Real Time
Integration global-regional-local to build a service providing bio-geophysical parameters at any scale of interest
Ensuring Service Continuity Developing sensor-independent algorithms Design back-up processing line (in case of failure of nominal sensor) Guarantee the compatibility between historic and current products Adapting the present method to the next generation of sensors
Improving Quality Assessment Combining technical, scientific, utility and external assessments
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BioPar Structure
BioPar
Users
R&D
Vegetation
Radiation
Water
Demonstration Operations
CnesVITOITF IM
Satellite & Ground Segment
Meteo satellites
EO satellites
HR MR LR
Data Flow NRT
Work Flow
User Feedback
Data Flow Off-line
Ancillary Data
In-situ Meteo Other
Dissemination SDI
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BioPar CMS Portfolio
ProductNRT / Off-line
Spatial Resolution
Spatial coverage
Temporal Resolution
Sensor
(back-up)
Land Surface Temperature NRT ~ 5 km Global 3 hours GEO + AVHRR
Downwelling Shortwave Radiation, Downwelling Longwave Radiation
NRT ~ 5 km Global 3 hours GEO + AVHRR
Surface Albedo - GEO NRT ~ 5 km Global 10-days GEO + AVHRR
Surface Albedo - VGT NRT 1 km Global 10-days VGT
LAI, fCover, fAPAR, DMP, NDVI, Phenology
NRT 1 km Global 10-days VGT (MODIS)
Burnt areas + seasonality NRT 1 km Global Daily VGT
MERIS FR biophysical products NRT 300 m Test Areas 10-days MERIS
HR biophysical products Off-line < 50m Pilot Areas 2-3 months SPOT
Time series of vegetation products Off-line 4 km Global 10-days AVHRR + VGT
Water Bodies + seasonality NRT 1 km Africa 10-days VGT
Soil Moisture + Freeze/Thaw NRT 25 km Global Daily ASCAT
Time series of soil moisture products Off-line 25 km Global Dailly ERS1&2 Scatt
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Quality Assessment Procedure
1- Technical validation at production centres (IM, VITO) 2- Scientific validation by independent team (EOLAB) 3- Utility assessment by user (CIS)
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1- Technical Validation
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Quality Assessment
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2-Scientific Validation Plan Following CEOS WGCV procedures A) Inter-comparison with operational products
Spatial consistecy Overall evaluation of products Statistical analysis of different metrics
Temporal consistency Temporal profiles Evolution of statistics
B) Direct Validation Quantitative accuracy Temporal realism
3-Utility Assessment User oriented validation.
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Spatial Data Infraestructure
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Conclusions: Stresa Workshop on Global LMCS
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Identification of key products/issues, user requirements
Global Monitoring: Land Cover & LCC, Vegetation & Fires, Water & Soils, Snow & Ice
Hot-spot Mapping and Thematic Services
Integration of complementary info (EO, in-situ, models)
Architecture: Atmosphere/Marine services could be used as a model
Research/expertise support to operations: quality, validation, improvements, new products
Need of continuity of products in time, reprocessing
End-to-end information chain: need of integration (EO, in situ data, land surface models, land cover change, carbon & water cycles, crop monitoring) through land data assimilation systems and human expertise
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Conclusions: Stresa Workshop
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Improve interaction with parallel projects EUMETSAT SAF’s DevCoCast ESA Strategic Actions: WACMOS (soil moisture time series) ESA Earth explorer mission: SMOS (dedicated soil moisture mission) Collaboration, potential exchanges (procedures, data, etc…) interfaces,
complementarities PNT ?
Open issues Consolidation of the GMES document: Assessment of Maturity and Relevance More discussion needed for “hot-spot” theme:
policy driven or driven by global systematic mapping? Continuous or flexible monitoring?
Governance to be addressed (assessment of existing assets, interfacing, international cooperation)
Bridge financing 2011-2013
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Conclusions
More information atwww.land.eu
Thank you very much for your Thank you very much for your attention !attention !
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