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‘Honour’-based violence: perpetration patterns

Joanne Payton. IKWRO, HBVAnet & Cardiff University

Beyond IPV

+‘Honour’Graveyard receiving unidentified women: Rania, Iraq

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Perpetration and victimisation

VICTIMS: Often teenagers and young women

PERPS: Relatives of victim; often collective

Nine relatives convicted for the murder of Ghazala Khan

Three relatives convicted for the Shafia sisters’ murders

+Community pressures

You can either destroy your honour or your sister. If you don’t choose the latter you can’t walk amongst those around you as a man.”‘Honour Killings’: Stories of men who killed, Ayse Onal, 2008, al-Saqi Books, London

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+Attributions of cultureHBV presented as cultural and often associated with Muslims

Describing a domestic murder as HBV without any evidence of HBV’s distinctive structure.

Right wing capitalisation upon HBV: website link is ‘how to leave Islam’

+ In most countries, only a minority of Muslims approve of HBV….

Countries Support for HBV

Kazakhstan, Bosnia, Azerbaijan, Indonesia <10% Morocco, Albania, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Russia, Malaysia

11-20%

Tajikistan, Thailand, Tunisia 21-30%Bangladesh, Palestine, Egypt 31-40%Jordan, Lebanon, Pakistan 41-50%Afghanistan, Iraq >50%

Pew report data (2013): Proportion of Muslim respondents who said the ‘honour’ killing of a woman was ‘often’ or ‘sometimes’ necessary

Pew Research Center. 2013. The World’s Muslims: Religion, Politics and Society. Washington DC: The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. P 190.

+…and crimes fitting this description are found across several different cultures, faiths and regions.

+Banaz Mahmod Case study

+Banaz Mahmod: They’re following me…

+Timeline

+Timeline continued

+Service impacts Quick identification –

due to lethality and fewer points of intervention;

Immediate intervention;

Liaison and referral with specialist NGOs, community safety, child protection, forced marriage unit as appropriate;

Extreme caution around confidentiality

Capacity gauging and development of protection plans, up to and including change of identity and dispersal to safe areas;

Emotional aftercare.

+Summary

Honour crimes are committed by the victim’s own family, often acting in collaboration, in order to restore their reputation in the community.

They have distinctive perpetration patterns and victim profiles.

They are very high risk and escalate very quickly.

Family solidarities make them very complex to address.

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Joanne PaytonInformation and Research Officer

Iranian and Kurdish Women’s Rights OrganisationJoannepayton.me.ukpaytonjl@cf.ac.uk07892 679472