INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Standard 5.3 Identify the major technological and social characteristics of the Industrial Revolution

Origins of the I.R. Started in Great Britain,

spread rapidly throughout the world

Agricultural Revolution– mechanized farming, crop rotation, larger livestock

More food=more population=more labor

Necessities for the IR Power Sources---coal, h2o Iron ore---tools and

machines River system and sea ports Strong banking

system/stable government

Growth of IR Small towns/rr stops

became big cities. People moved away

from the country to seek factory jobs

Negatives Housing was difficult to

find Schools were

overcrowded Cities were filthy (no

public sanitation)…disease was rampant

More Negatives Factories---dark, dirty,

dangerous. Workers—14hrs/6 days.

Loss of limbs or death was not uncommon.

Positives Middle class expanded

(skilled workers) Increase of goods and

services which led to lower prices.

Spread of IR to US The US followed Britain’s

model. Resources, sizable work

force, inventions (light bulb) Selling of stocks to finance

corp Women and children joined

workforce

ST. 5.4 Analyze the relationship

between the expanding world market economy and the development of industrialization in Great Britain, the United States, Germany, and Japan including shifts in world demography and urbanization and changing class and race relations.

Market Economy Market Economy—system

where prices are freely set based upon supply and demand.

Little or no interference from the government

IR---led to market economies in GB, USA, Germ, Jap.

Industrialization in Great Britain

Abundant natural resources

Agricultural revolution---more food and less farmers

Favorable geography, political stability and stable banking

Industrialization in the US Dramatic industrial growth—

size and resources Transcontinental railroad

symbolized industrial growth

Northern factories, southern farmers and western mines

Industrialization in Germany

Germany was not a unified country at the start of IR…scattered development

Germany benefitted

Industrialization in Japan Began in the Meiji Era Began building railroads, factories

and expanding the military Blueprint---Navy=Great Britain,

Army=Germany, Educational System=USA

Demography, Class Structure, Race Relations

A strong middle class emerged---professionals, small business owners, service providers.

Middle class increased the demand for goods…which leads to higher wages.

Demography, Class Structure, Race Relations

Lower wage earners overcrowded cities looking for work.

Poor sanitation, no health care, crime, disease, etc

Inequalities grew between the lower wage earner and the industrialist

Many people from varied backgrounds moved to cities, this caused conflicts between ethnic groups.