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Perception

Selective Attention focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

Implications fordriving and talkingon cell phone?

Selective Attention Example

In performing an experiment like this one on when attention you it read is the critically fine important print that you the realize material you that have is a being really read awesome by teacher the who subject makes for learning the fun relevant and task exciting is cohesive.

Selective Attention

Cocktail Party Effect Ability to attend to one voice among

many

Inattentional Blindness

Inattentional blindness – failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

http://viscog.beckman.uiuc.edu/grafs/demos/15.html

Change Blindness

Change deafness40 percent of people focused on repeating a list of words failed to notice a change in the person speaking

Change blindness – failing to notice a visual change when our attention is directed elsewhere

Choice Blindness

Choice Blindness2005 Study - Select the girl you find

more attractiveGiven the girl they did not choose and

asked to explain why they chose.13% noticed, the rest explained in

detail.Choice-Blindness Blindness

When asked, given a hypothetical study in which we switched them on you, would you notice? – 84% said yes.

Pop-Out Phenomenon

A distinct stimulusdraws our eye

Example: Namebeing said duringcocktail party

Perceptual Illusions

Other Perceptual Illusions

Perceptual Illusions

Perceptual Illusions

Perceptual Illusions

Perceptual Illusions

Perceptual Illusions

Visual Capture tendency for vision

to dominate the other senses Movie theater – we

perceive sounds as coming from the screen in front of us, not from the projector behind us

Perceptual Organization: Gestalt

Gestalt: an organized whole Gestalt Psychology: emphasizes our

tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes

Perceptual Organization

Figure and Ground--organization of the visual field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings (ground)

Perceptual Organization: Gestalt

Grouping the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli

into coherent groups

Grouping Principles proximity--group nearby figures together similarity--group figures that are similar continuity--perceive continuous patterns closure--fill in gaps connectedness--spots, lines, and areas are

seen as unit when connected Simplicity – perceive objects in simplest forms

closure

Perceptual Organization: Grouping Principles

Gestalt grouping principles are at work here.

Reification (Gestalt Property)

object is perceived as having more spatial information than is actually present in the original stimulus