ñ, jegqma fiajd kshqla;sh iy m,odhs;dj - cbsl
TRANSCRIPT
ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
4c kf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j u.ska iïmdokh lrk cd;sl
md˙fNda.sl ñ, or®Ylh ^cd'md'ñ'o'" 2013}100& iy fld<U md˙fNda.sl ñ, or®Ylh
^fld'md'ñ'o'" 2013}100& u.ska ukskq ,nk fmd≥ ñ, uÜgu" jifr® fï olajd ld,h
;=< ñY% úp,k fmkakqï lrk ,°' m%Odk jYfhkau wdydr ldKavfha ñ, úp,kj,g
wkqrEm jQ fmd≥ ñ, uÜgfuys úp,k i|yd wdydr fkdjk ldKavfha whs;uj, ñ,
úp,k o ;rula ≥rg ∞hl úh' iemhqï wxYfha olakg ,o ys;lr m%jK;d fya;=fjka"
uehs iy cqks udihka yer 2018 jifr® m<uq udi kjh ;=< ° iuia; wdydr ñ, my< hk
m%jK;djla fmkakqï lf<ah' ;jo" jifr® m<uq udi kjh ;=< wdydr fkdjk ldKavfhys
ñ, by< hEu i`oyd bkaOk" .Eia iy nia .dia;=j, m˙md,s; ñ, by< ±óu m%Odk fya;=jla
úh' cd'md'ñ' or®Ylfhyss jdr®Isl ,laIHuh fjki u.ska ukskq ,nk u;=msg WoaOukh
2018 jifr® m<uq udi kjh ;=< ° jeä jYfhka ueo ;ks w.hg jvd wvq w.hl mej;=◊'
cd'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys ,laIHuh fjki u.ska ukskq ,nk há±˙ WoaOukh fuu ld,m˙Éf–oh
;=< wvq WÉpdjpkhla fmkakqï lf<ah' WoaOuk wfmalaId .;al, úfYaIfhkau jHdmd˙l
wxYfhys WoaOuk wfmalaId ienE WoaOukhg fndfyda fihska wkqrEm úh' jegqma ms<sn|j
i,ld ne,Sfï° úêu;a wxYfhys uQr®; jegqmaj, my< hEula olakg ,enqKq w;r wúêu;a
wxYfhys uQr®; jegqmaj, by< hEula jdr®;d úh' fiajd kshqla;s wxYh .;al," 2017 jifr®
m<uq Nd.hg idfmalaIj 2018 jifr® wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< ° Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj
wkqmd;slh my< .sh w;r fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh by< .sfhah' Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj
wkqmd;slh my< hEug" Y%u n,ldfha my< hEu fukau jev lrk jhfia ck.ykfha by<
hEu o fya;= úh' jHjidhl;ajh yd jHdmdr wdrïN ls¯u m%jr®Okh ls¯fuys ,d rch úiska
l%shd;aul lrñka mj;sk úúO jevigyka fya;=fjka b†˙ ld,fha ° ksr®udKh jk /lshd
wjia:d m%udKh by< hd yelsh' flfia fj;;a" wdr®:ßlfha ke.S tk fndfyda wxY ;=< Y%u
ys`.hka ksr®udKh lrñka" ksmqK;dj, fkd.e<mSï iy ia;S%-mqreI úIu;d jeks jHqyd;aul
wvqÆyq`vqlï Y%u fj<`ofmd< ;=< ;j≥rg;a mj;S' úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hk ixLHdj
u.ska ms<sìUq jk m˙† YS% ,dxlsl Y%ñlhka i|yd we;s úfoaY /lshd wjia:d wvq ù we;s w;r
ta i|yd YS% ,dxlsl ixl%u◊l fiajlhkaf.a m%Odk .ukdka;j, Woa.; ù we;s whym;a
N+-foaYmd,ksl m%jK;d fya;= ù we;' fï w;r" rfÜ wdr®:ßl ls%hdldrlï iy fmd≥ ck;djf.a
iudc „ú;hg ndOd we;s lrñka rdcH wxYh ;=< jev jr®ck .Kkdjla ls%hd;aul jQ w;r
lïlre fomdr®;fïka;=fõ o;a; wkqj fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jev jr®ck ixLHdfõ wvq ùula
olakg ,enq◊'
4
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Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
jr®.j, ñ, .Kka" 2018 m<uq udi kjh ;=< °"
uOHia: uÜgul mej;=◊' jir wdrïNfha °
my< uÜgul mej;s kejqï u;aiH ñ," iD;=uh
n,mEï ksid my< jegqKq ksIamdokh fya;= fldg
f.k jifr® fojk ldr®;=j ;=< ° YS>% f,i by<
hEug mgka .;af;ah' flfia jqjo" jifr® ;=kajk
ldr®;=j ;=< °" u;aiH ñ, uÜgu ;rula ≥rg
my< .sfhah' °r®> ld,Skj mej;s kshx ;;a;ajh
fya;=fjka my< jegqKq fmd,a ksIamdokfhys
m%;sM,hla f,i by< hñka mej;s fmd,a ñ,
md,kh ls¯u i|yd rch úiska 2017 foieïnr®
udifha isg fmd,a uo wdkhkh ls¯u i|yd
wjir ,ndfok ,°' tfukau 2017 jir ;=< °
úYd, f,i wvq jQ fmd,a ksIamdokh 2018 fojk
ldr®;=j ;=< ° h:d ;;a;ajhg m;aúh' ta wkqj"
2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° fmd,a ñf,ys my< hEula
fmkakqï l< w;r" 2018 udr®;= udih jk f;la
tu ñ, uÜgfï /¢ ;sî" bka wk;=rej ;j ≥rg;a
my< .sfhah' t<jΩ ñ, 2018 wfma%,a udih jk
f;la my< .sh w;r" bka wk;=rej by< f.dia"
2018 wf.daia;= udifha ° kej;;a my< f.dia
2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ° ;j≥rg;a my< .sfhah'
fï w;r" i,lkq ,nk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °
wr®;dm,a iy f,dl= ΩEKq o fuhg iudk ñ,
úp,khla wkq.ukh l< w;r" jir wdrïNfha °
my< jegqKq r;= ΩEKq ñ, bka wk;=rej tu
uÜgfïu mej;=Kq w;r" bka miqj 2018 wf.daia;=
iy iema;eïnr® udi j,° my< .sfhah'
y ks;r ñ, WÉpdjpk iys; wdydr whs;u yereKq
fldg" wdydr ldKavfha we;s wfkl=;a whs;uj,
ñ, jifr® m<uq udi fol ;=< my< f.dia" bka
wk;=rej iuia;hla f,i by< hk keUqrejla
fmkakqï lf<ah' fuu whs;u w;=rska" m˙mamq
iy iSks ñ, cd;Hka;r fj<|fmdf<ys ñ,
úp,kj,g wkqrEm úh' jir wdrïNfha ° my<
.sh m˙mamq ñ, kej;;a 2018 wf.daia;= udifha °
jdr®;d l< iqΩ wvqùu olajd ia:djr uÜgul
mej;s w;r" 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ks¯laIKh
flreKq iqΩ by< hEu yerekq fldg i,lkq
,nk ld,mrsÉf–oh ;=< ° iSks ñ, my< hk
keUqrejla fmkakqï lrk ,°' ls˙ msá ñ, 2018
uehs udifha 05 jk †k isg n, meje;afjk m˙†
by< ouk ,°' 2018 wfma%,a udifha isg cQ,s udih
2018 jif¾ m%jK;d
ñ,
fmdÿ ñ, uÜgfï úp,k
y cd'md'ñ'o' u.ska ukskq ,nk fmd≥ ñ, uÜgu" 2018
jifr® m<uq udi ;=k ;=< ° my< hk keUqrejla
fmkakqï l< w;r bka wk;=rej cQ,s udih f;la
by< f.dia bkamiq my< .sfhah' fld'md'ñ'o'
u.ska ukskq ,nk fmd≥ ñ, uÜgu o ta yd iudk
m%jK;djhla i,lkq ,nk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °
fmkakqï lf<ah' fuu ld, iSudj ;=< °" fmd≥
ñ, uÜgu m%Odk jYfhka wdydr ldKavfha
whs;uj, ñ, úp,khkays yeis¯u wkq.ukh
lf<ah' by< hk keUqrejlska úp,kh jQ wdydr
fkdjk ldKavfha whs;uj, ñ, o" fmd≥ ñ,
uÜgfï úp,kh i|yd ∞hl úh'
y ks;r ñ, WÉpdjpk iys; wdydr whs;uj,1
ñ, úp,khg fndfyda fihska wkqrEm jQ wdydr
ldKavfha whs;uj, ñ," jifr® m<uq udi y;r
;=< ° my< hk keUqrejla fmkakqï l< w;r" bka
wk;=rej cqks udih olajd by< f.dia" kej;;a
my< .sfhah' 2018 jifr® m<uq udi y;r ;=< °
ks;r ñ, WÉpdjpk iys; wdydr whs;uj, ñ,"
my< hk keUqrejla fmkakqï lf<ah' fï i|yd"
iy,a" t<jΩ iy ΩEKqj, ñf,ys my< hEu o"
úáka úg my< .sh fmd,a" kejqï u;aiH iy
wr®;dm,a hk whs;uhkays ñ, úp,k o ∞hl úh'
bka wk;=rej" ks;r ñ, WÉpdjpk iys; wdydr
whs;uj,ska kejqï u;aiH" t<jΩ" wr®;dm,a iy
ΩEKq hk whs;uj, ñ," iD;=uh n,mEï fya;=
fldg f.k 2018 uehs iy cqks udi ;=< ° by<
.sfhah' flfia jqjo" 2018 cQ,s udih ;=< °" iy,a
iy fmd,a jeks whs;uj, ñf,ys ie,lsh hq;=
my< hEula olakg ,enqKs' 2018 wf.daia;= iy
iema;eïnr® udi ;=< ° iy,a" fmd,a" kejqï u;aiH
iy t<jΩ ñ, kej;;a my< hEu fya;=fjka" ks;r
ñ, WÉpdjpk iys; wdydr whs;uj, ñ, uÜgu
;j ≥rg;a my< .sfhah' 2017$18 uy lkakfha
wiajekak h:d ;;a;ajhg m;aùu iy iy,a
wdkhkh ls¯u fya;= fldg f.k" fndfyda iy,a
1 iy,a" uia jr®." kejqï u;aiH iy uqyq≥ wdydr" fmd,a" m,;=re" t<jΩ"
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ldKavhg we;=<;a fõ'
4
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ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
olajd jk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °" ls˙ msá" lrj,
iy ì;a;rj, ñf,ys is≥ jQ jeä ùu" wdydr
whs;u ldKavfha ñ, uÜgug" by< mSvkhla
we;s lf<ah' mdka msá iy mdkaj, ñ, mss<sfj<ska
iema;eïnr® 01 iy iema;eïnr® 04 jk †k isg
n,meje;afjk m˙† re' 5 lska by< ouk ,o w;r
2018 iema;eïnr® 19 jk †k isg n,meje;afjk
f,i ls˙ msá ñ, my< ouk ,°'
y wdydr fkdjk ldKavfha whs;uj, ñ, .Kka
2018 jifr® m<uq udi kjh ;=< by< hk
keUqrejlska hq;=j úp,kh úh' bkaOk" .Eia"
nia iy ≥ï˙h .dia;=j, is≥l< m˙md,s; ñ,
ixfYdaOk fuu by< hEug ∞hl úh' t,a'mS' .Eia
ñf,ys is≥ jQ by< hEu;a iu.u wdmkYd,d iy
fydag,a Wm ldKavfhys we;eï ms<sfh, lrk ,o
wdydr ñ, by< hEula olakg ,enq◊' tfukau"
bkaOk ñf,ys is≥ jQ by< hEu;a iu.u" nia"
≥ï˙h" l=,S r:$;S%frdao r: iy mdi,a jEka .dia;=j,
by< hEula ks¯laIKh fl˙◊' tfukau" 2018
cQ,s udifha 02 jk †k isg n, meje;afjk m˙†"
frday,a ldur .dia;= yer wfkl=;a fi!LHh
fiajd .dia;=" tl;= l< w.h u; jk noafoka
ksoyia lrk ,°'
mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Yl iy u;=msg WoaOukh
cd;sl mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Ylh ^cd'md'ñ'o'&
y md˙fNda.sl whs;u mefiys ñ, úp,k cd;sl
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udi ;=k ;=< ° my< hEfï m%jK;djla wkq.ukh
lr" 2018 jifr® wfma%,a isg cQ,s udih olajd
by< hk m%jK;djla fmkajd t;eka isg my<
.sfhah' ta wkqj" 2018 jifr® ckjdrs udifha or®Yl
wxl 125'8 la jQ cd'md'ñ' or®Ylh 2018 jifr® udr®;=
udifha ° or®Yl wxl 122'8 olajd my< f.dia"
2018 jifr® cQ,s udifha ° or®Yl wxl 126'6 olajd
by< f.dia 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha° or®Yl
wxl 124'4 olajd my< .sfhah' 2018 jifr® wfma%,a"
uehs iy cQ,s udij, ° cd'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys
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olajd by< hk m%jK;djla wkq.ukh lr miqj
my< .sfhah' 2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° cd'md'ñ'o'
u; mokï jQ jdr®Isl ,laIHuh u;=msg WoaOukh
ishhg 5'4 la jQ w;r th wfm%a,a udifha °
ishhg 1'6 la olajd my< f.dia 2018 cQ,s udifha °
ishhg 3'4 la olajd by< f.dia kej; 2018
iema;eïnr® udifha ° ishhg 0'9 la olajd my<
.sh w;r fuh 2016 ckjd˙ isg jdr®;d jQ wju
w.h fõ' fï w;r" cd'md'ñ'o' u.ska ukskq ,nk
jdr®Isl idudkH u;=msg WoaOukh 2017 jir ;=< °
fmkakqï l< by< hEfï m%jK;djh 2018 jifr® °
iuia;hla f,i my< hEfï m%jK;djlg yerjqkq
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Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
fld<U mdßfNda.sl ñ, o¾Ylh ^fld'md'ñ'o'&
y fld<U †ia;%slalfha kd.˙l m%foaYj, ñ, m%jK;d
fmkakqï lrk fld'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys úp,kh
2018 uq,a udi kjh i|yd cd'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys
úp,khg iudk m%jK;d fmkakqï lrk
,°' fld'md'ñ'o' 2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° or®Yl
wxl 122'8 la jQ w;r th 2018 udr®;= udifha ° or®Yl
wxl 121'4 olajd my< f.dia kej;;a iema;eïnr®
udih jk úg or®Yl wxl 124'9 la olajd by<
.sfhah' i,ld n,kq ,nk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °"
2018 wfm%a,a iy wf.daia;= udi yer fld'md'ñ'
or®Ylfhys úp,khg" wdydr ldKavfha jQ ñ,
úp,k m%Odk ∞hl;ajhla ±laùh'
y 2018 wfm%a,a olajd my< hk m%jK;djla fmkakqï
l< fld'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys jdr®Isl ,laIHuh
fjki u.ska fmkakqï lrk u;=msg WoaOukh
bkamiqj by< hEfï m%jK;djla fmkakqï lr"
iema;eïnr® udifha ° kej; my< w.hla .kakd
,°' 2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° ishhg 5'8 la jQ u;=msg
WoaOukh wfma%,a udifha ° ishhg 3'8 olajd my<
.sh w;r kej;;a wf.daia;= udifha ° jdr®;d jQ
ishhg 5'9 olajd l%ufhka by< f.dia iema;eïnr®
udifha ° ishhg 4'3 olajd my< .sfhah' fï w;r"
2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° ishhg 6'6 la f,i jdr®;d jQ
fld'md'ñ' or®Ylfhys jdr®Isl idudkH u;=msg
WoaOukh my< hEfï m%jK;djla fmkakqï
lrñka 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ° ishhg 5'4
olajd my< .sfhah'
uQ,sl WoaOukh
y cd'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ jdr®Isl ,laIHuh uQ,sl
WoaOukh i,ld n,k ld,m˙Éf–ofha ° ia:djr
uÜgul mej;=◊' ta wkqj" jdr®Isl ,laIHuh
uQ,sl WoaOukh 2018 m<uq udi my ;=< ° my<
hEfï m%jK;djla fmkakqï lrk ,o w;r" th
ckjd˙ udifha mej;s ishhg 2'1 isg 2018 uehs
udih jkúg ishhg 1'7 la olajd my; jegq◊'
flfia jqjo" fuu m%jK;dj fjkia lrñka
cd'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ jdr®Isl ,laIHuh uQ,sl
WoaOukh 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ° ishhg 3'1 la
olajd kej;;a by< hk ,°' fï w;r" i<ldn,k
ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< ° fld'md'ñ'o' u; mokï jQ
jdr®Isl ,laIHuh uQ,sl WoaOukh ñY%% úp,k
fmkakqï l< w;r" 2018 ckjd˙ udifha ° ishhg 3'5
f,i;a 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ° ishhg 3'8
f,i;a jdr®;d úh'
ksIamdolhdf.a ñ, o¾Ylh
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u.ska" foaYSh ksIamdolhdg NdKav yd fiajd
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lrkq ,nk ksIamdolhdf.a ñ, or®Ylh ^ks'ñ'o'"
2013 isõjk ldr®;=j}100&" 2018 m<uq udi wfÜ °
ñY% úp,khla fmkakqï lrk ,°' lDIsldr®ñl"
ksIamdok lr®udka; iy ú≥,sh yd c, iemhqï hk
fuu or®Ylhg wh;a Wm wxY ish,af,au ksIamdol
ñ," i,ld n,k ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< ° ñY% úp,k
olajñka by< .sfhah' fï w;r" 2018 udr®;= iy cQ,s
udi yer 2018 m<uq udi wfÜ ° ks'ñ'o' u; mokï
jQ jdr®Isl ,laIHuh fjki u.ska ukskq ,nk
ksIamdol ñ, WoaOukh my< hEfï m%jK;djla
fmkakqï lrk ,o w;r th lDIslr®udka; Wm
wxYfha ksIamdol ñf,ys fmkakqï l< WoaOuk
m%jK;djg fndfyda ≥rg wkql+, úh'
ñ, .Kka u; rdcH uQ,H m%;sm;a;sj, n,mEu
y i,ld n,k ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< ° rdcH uQ,H
m%;sm;a;s lsysmhl iDcq n,mEu fmd≥ ñ, uÜgu
u; olakg ,enq◊' YS>% f,i by< .sh foaYSh
ñ, .Kka md,kh ls¯ug iy,a iy fmd,a uo
wdkhkh ls¯ug rch .;a ;SrKh ñ, md,khg
b;d ys;lr úh' tfukau wr®;dm,a yd f,dl=
ΩEKq jeks iuyr wdkhksl NdKav u; mkjd
;snQ úfYaI fj<| NdKav noao wiajkq fkdue;s
ld,fha ° jeä ls¯u fya;=fjka" tu NdKavj, ñ,
.Kka ;j≥rg;a jeäúh' 2018 uehs 11 jk †k isg
n,meje;afjk f,i ksIamdok ms˙jeh ms<sìUq jk
bkaOk ñ, iQ;%hla y∫kajd ≥ka w;r" WoaOuk
n,mEu wvq jYfhka n,mj;akd ld,fha ° fuu
ñ, iQ;%h y∫kajd£u jvd;a ldf,daÑ; ;SrKhla
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4
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ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
WoaOuk wfmalaId
y 2018 ckjd˙ udifha isg my< hk m%jK;djla
fmkakqï l< jHdmdr wxYfha WoaOuk wfmalaId"
2018 cQ,s udifha ° by< .sfhah' fuu jifr® uq,a
udi kjh ;=< WoaOuk wfmalaId fmkakqï l<
m%jK;dj" ks, ñ, or®Yl u.ska fmkakqï l<
WoaOuk m%jK;d iu. ukdj .e,mq◊' uE;
ld,fha bkaOk ñf,ys is≥ jQ jeäùu yd foaYSh
jHjydr uqof,a úfoaYSh w.h wjm%udKh ùu hk
fya;= ksid jHdmdr wxYfha WoaOuk wfmalaIdj,
by< hEula fmkakqï lrk ,°' jHdmdr wxYfha
wfmalaIdj,g jvd iajNdjfhkau by< uÜgul
mj;sk l=gqïN wxYfha WoaOuk wfmalaId 2018
uehs isg wf.daia;= olajd wLKavj my< .sh w;r"
kej;;a 2018 iema;eïnr® udifha ° by< .sfhah'
foaYSh iemhqï wxYfha is≥ jQ wvd,ùï iy bkaOk
ñ, jeäùu hk fya;= l=gqïN wxYfha WoaOuk
wfmalaIdj, jeäùug n,mdk m%Odk fya;= f,i
olajd ;snq◊'
jegqma
y wka;r® w;=re °ukdj uQ,sl jegqmg fldgia
jYfhka wka;r®.%yKh ls¯u fya;=fjka" rdcH
wxYfha jegqma m%udK or®Ylh ^2012}100& u.ska
ukskq ,nk rdcH wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a kdñl
jegqma 2018 m<uq udi wg ;=< ° ishhg 0'1 lska
iqΩ jYfhka jr®Okh úh' flfia jqjo" tu
ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=< ° rdcH wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a
uQr®; jegqmaj, ishhg 2'7 l wvqùula olakg
,enq◊' fï w;r" 2018 wf.daia;= ui 20 †k rdcH
wxYfhys jegqma úIu;d úi£u i|yd idud‚lhka
15 fofkl=f.ka iukaú; úfYaI jegqma fldñiula
m;a lrk ,°'
y mä md,l iNd úiska jegqma md,kh lrkq ,nk
fiajlhkaf.a wju jegqma m%udK or®Ylh ^1978
foieïnr®}100& u.ska ukskq ,nk úêu;a fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a kdñl jegqma" 2018 m<uq
udi wg ;=< ° ishhg 0'1 lska iqΩ jYfhka
by< .sfhah' uqøK" fr†ms<s ksIamdok" ghr® iy
áhqí ksIamdokh iy weÛÆï ksIamdokh hk
lr®udka;j," 2018 wf.daia;= udifha is≥ jQ wju
jegqma jr®Okh fï i|yd m%Odk jYfhka fya;=
úh' fuu ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=< ° kdñl jegqma
m%udK or®Ylfhys m%;sY;l jr®Okh b;d wju
uÜgul mej;Su fya;=fjka" úêu;a fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a uQr®; jegqma ishhg 4'4 lska
my< .sfhah'
y wúêu;a fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jegqma m%udK or®Ylh
^2012}100& u.ska ukskq ,nk wúêu;a fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a kdñl jegqma 2018 m<uq
udi wg ;=< ° ishhg 13'3 l ie,lsh hq;=
jr®Okhla fmkakqï lrk ,°' wúêu;a fm!oa.,sl
wxYfhys jegqma fndfyda úg Y%u b,aÆï iy
iemhqï ;;a;aj u; mokï ùu fï i|yd fya;=
úh' fï w;r" 2018 m<uq udi wg ;=< ° wúêu;a
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha fiajlhkaf.a uQr®; jegqma o
ishhg 10'0 lska by< .sfhah' i,ld n,k
ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=< ° fmofr®re iy jvq ldr®ñl
jD;a;Skays Y%u b,aÆu by< hEu fya;=fjka tu
jD;a;Skays jegqmaj, by< hEula olakg ,enq◊'
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4'3 rEm igyk
jHdmdßl wxYfha WoaOuk wfmaCId
udi 3 la
b†˙hg
2017 2018
udi 12 la
b†˙hg
fld'md'ñ'o'
m%;sY;h
ck
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fmn'
fmn'
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0.0
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4.0
6.0
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2017 2018
4'4 rEm igyk
uQ¾; jegqma m%udK o¾Ylj, jd¾Isl idudkH fjkiaùu
m%;sY;h
wúêu;a fm!oa.,sl
wxYh
rdcH iy úêu;a
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58
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
Y%u n,ldh yd fiajd kshqla;sh
y ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j
u.ska m%ldYhg m;alr we;s o;a; wkqj" 2018
jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=< jev lrk jhfia
ck.ykh2 by< .sh o" Y%u fj<|fmd< ;=<
wLKavj mj;sk jHqyd;aul .egÆ fya;=fjka
Y%u n,ldh fj; jev lrk jhfia ck.ykfha
M,∞hS ∞hl;ajh úNj uÜgug jvd my<ska
mej;=◊' i,ld n,kq ,nk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °
Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;slh ishhg 51'5
olajd wvq ù we;s w;r 2017 jir ;=< ° hym;a
m%jK;djla fmkajQ ia;S% Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj
wkqmd;slh ishhg 33'0 olajd my< jegq◊' fï
w;r" iuia; fiajd úhqla;sh ishhg 4'5 la olajd
2 jhi wjqre≥ 15 iy Bg jeä wdr®:ßl jYfhka ilS%h ck.ykh ^Y%u n,ldh&
iy wdr®:ßl jYhka wlS%h ck.ykh hk foms˙fikau jev lrk jhfia
ckykh iukaú; fõ'
jr®Okh úh' Y%ñlhka i|yd lemS fmfkk by<
b,aÆula mej;sh o" ;reKhska" by< wOHdmk
iq≥iqlï we;s mqoa.,hska yd ldka;djka w;r
fiajd úhqla;sh" m%.;shl i<l=K fkdfmkajñka
†.ska †.gu by< uÜgul mej;=◊' YS>%fhka
fjkia jk /lshd fj<|fmdf<ys wjYH;djkag
.e<fmk m˙† udkj m%d.aOkh ixjr®Okh ls¯fï
ls%hdj,sh fjkia fkdùfï m%;sM,hla f,i" Y%uh
i|yd jk b,aÆu yd Y%u iemhqu w;r mr;rhla
mj;sk nj fiajdfhdaclfhda †.ska †.gu
wjOdrKh lrk ,°' uE; ld,Skj olakg ,enqKq
Y%u n,ldh yd iïnkaO or®Ylj, tlsfklg
fkd.e<fmk úp,kj,g fya;= f,i uE; ld,fha °
we;s jQ wys;lr ld,.=◊l ;;a;aj fya;=fjka
n,mEug ,la jQ mqΩ,a wúêu;a wxYh iy /lshd
fláld,Sk ùu" by< Y%u ms˙jegqu iy iafõÉPd
/lshd úhqla;sh jeks Y%u fj<|fmdf<ys kQ;k
m%jK;d ye¢kaúh yelsh'
4'5 rEm igyk
Y%u fj<ofmd< f;dr;=re - 2018 jif¾ m<uq Nd.h ^w&
ñ,shk 2'86
ñ,shk 16'19
jev lrk jhfia ck.ykh
^wjqreÿ 15 iy by<&
.Dyia; lghq;=j,
ksr;j isák
wOHhk lghq;=j,
ksr;j isák
úY%dñl$
jhia.;
frda.S$
wdndê;
6-10
jir
w'fmd'i
^id$fm&
w'fmd'i
^W$fm&
25.5%
27.7%27.7%
46.8%
3.2 5.0 9.2
15 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 39 40›
22.1 10.8 3.3 0.7
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomd¾;fïka;=j
ñ,shk 7'85
wd¾Ól jYfhka il%Sh fkdjk
ñ,shk 8'34
wd¾Ól jYfhka il%Sh
ñ,shk 5'48
ñ,shk 7'97
fiajd kshqla;
ñ,shk 0'37
fiajd úhqla;
fiajd lDIsl¾udka;
l¾udka;
jhi
wOHdmk uÜgu
fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh ^]&
4
59
ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
Y%u n,ldh
y 2017 jifr® m<uq Nd.hg idfmalaIj 2018
jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=< °" jev lrk jhfia
l=gqïN ck.ykh ishhg 2'8 lska by< .sh
w;r Y%u n,ldh ñ,shk 8'551 isg 8'343 olajd
ishhg 2'4 lska my< .sfhah' jhi wjqre≥ 15 iy
Bg jeä fiajd kshqla; fyda fiajd úhqla; wdr®:ßl
jYfhka ilS%h ck.ykh Y%u n,ldhg wh;a
fõ' Y%u n,ldfha my< hEu úfYaIfhkau .%dóh
flaIa;%fha ldka;djka w;r lemS fmfkk f,i
olakg ,enq◊' fï w;r jev lrk jhfia l=gqïN
ck.ykfha fldgila jk wdr®:ßl jYfhka ilS%h
fkdjk ck.ykh" 2017 jifr® m<uq Nd.hg
idfmalaIj 2018 m<uq Nd.h ;=< ° ishhg 9'0 lska
by< .sfhah' fuhg m%Odk jYfhka fya;= jQfha j.d
lkak lsysmhla mqrdjg mej;s wys;lr ld,.=Ksl
;;a;ajh jk w;r m<uqj lDIsldr®ñl wxYhg
n,mE fuu wys;lr ;;a;ajh miqld,Skj ldr®ñl
yd fiajd wxY olajd o jHdma; úh' ;jo" 2017
iy 2018 jirj,a ;=< °" kshuq jHdmD;shla f,i"
§13 jirl iy;sl l< wOHdmkh¶ jevigyk
ls%hd;aul ùu;a iu. wOHdmk lghq;=j, ksr;
jk m%udKh by< hEu" ;reKhska w;r olakg
,enqKq wdr®:ßl wlS%h Ndjhg fya;=jla jQ njg
ie,lsh yelsh'
y Y%u n,ldh iy jev lrk jhfia ck.ykh
w;r wkqmd;h fyj;a Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj
wkqmd;slh 2017 jifr® wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh
;=< jdr®;d l< ishhg 54'3 isg 2018 m<uq
ld,mrsÉf–oh ;=< ° ishhg 51'5 olajd my<
.sh w;r fï i|yd Y%u n,ldfha wvqùu iy
jevlrk jhfia ck.ykfha jeäùu fya;= úh'
tfukau ia;S% iy mqreI hk mdr®Yaj foflysu Y%u
n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;slhkaf.a my< hEu o
fuu m%jK;dj i|yd fya;= úh' 2018 m<uq Nd.h
;=< mqreI Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;slh
ishhg 73'0 la o ia;%S Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj
wkqmd;slh ishhg 33'0 la f,i o jdr®;d úh'
wdr®:ßlh ;=< ia;S%kaf.a ilS%h ∞hl;ajh" ;j≥rg;a
úNj uÜgug jvd my< w.hl mj;sk fyhska
ia;S% Y%u n,ldh by< kexùu wdr®:ßlh ;=<
mj;sk ;shqKq Y%u ys`.h i|yd ;sridr úi∫ula
f,i ie,lsh yelsh' fuu.ska ck;djf.a „jk
uÜgu jvd jr®Okh jk m˙† l=gqïN wd∞hu by<
kexùug yd wfmalaIs; wdr®:ßl jr®Ok fõ.h <`.d
lr .ekSug myiqlï ie,fia'
fiajd kshqla;sh
y wdr®:ßlh ;=< imqrd,k ,o Y%u b,aÆu fmkakqï
lrk fiajd kshqla;sh" 2017 m<uq Nd.hg
idfmalaIj 2018 m<uq Nd.fha ° ñ,shk 8'184 isg
ñ,shk 7'966 olajd ishhg 2'7 lska my< .sfhah'
wxY wkqj fiajd kshqla;sh ie,lSfï ° uqΩ fiajd
kshqla;sfhka ishhg 46'8 lg ∞hl jk fiajd
wxYh" /lS rlaId jeä jYfhkau W;amdokh
lrk wxYh úh' 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=< °
lDIsldr®ñl iy ldr®ñl wxY uqΩ fiajd
kshqla;sfha ms<sfj<ska ishhg 25'5 iy ishhg
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,hka( ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk fomdr®;fïka;=j
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j
whs;uh
2017 2018
m<uq Nd.h jdr®Isl m<uq Nd.h mqfrdal:k
^jdraIsl&
l=gqïN ck.ykh" '000 ^jhi wjqre≥ 15 iy by<& 15,749 15,844 16,191 16,088
Y%u n,ldh" '000 8,551 8,567 8,343 8,736 fiajd kshqla;" '000 8,184 8,208 7,966 8,343 fiajd úhqla;" '000 367 359 377 393
Y%u n,ld iyNd.s;aj wkqmd;slh ^l=gqïN ck.ykfha m%;sY;hla f,i& 54.3 54.1 51.5 54.3
fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh ^Y%u n,ldfha m%;sY;hla f,i& 4.3 4.2 4.5 4.5
4'1 ixLHd igyk Y%u n,ldh" fiajd kshqla;sh iy fiajd úhqla;sh ^w&
4
60
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
27'7 lg ∞hl úh' /lshdj, kshqla; ixLHdfõ
ks¯laIs; my< hEug m%Odk jYfhka fya;= jQfha
uE; ld,Skj we;s jQ wys;lr ld<.=K úmr®hdi
fõ' lDIsldr®ñl wxYh tu ;;a;aajj, n,mEug
iDcqju ,laùfï m%;sM,hla f,i tu wxYfha
fiajd kshqla;sh 2017 m<uq Nd.hg idfmalaIj
2018 m<uq Nd.fha ° ishhg 6'2 lska my< .sfhah'
ld,.=K úmr®hdij, wys;lr n,mEu wfkl=;a
wxY" úfYaIfhka lDIsldr®ñl fhojqï u; hefmk
fyda lDIslr®udka;h iu. iDcqju iïnkaO
wdr®:ßl ls%hdldrlï fj; o jHdma; úh'
y fiajd kshqla;s iajNdjh ie,lSfï°" 2018 jifr®
m<uq Nd.h ;=< ° rdcH wxYh yer wfkl=;a ishÆ
wxYj, fiajd kshqla;sh my< .sfhah' fmr jifr®
m<uq Nd.h yd iei£fï° 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.h
;=< ° rdcH wxYfha fiajd kshqla;sh 9"590 lska by<
.sfhah' l<ukdlrK fiajd fomdr®;fïka;=fõ
o;a; wkqj 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.h wjidkfha
rdcH wxYfha uqΩ fiajl ixLHdj 1"370"885 la úh'
wud;HdxY" fomdr®;fïka;=" úfYaI úhoï tall
iy rdcH jHjidh wdh;k" rdcH wxYfha wdh;k
f,i ie,fla'
fiajd úhqlA;sh
y 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.fha ° fmr jifr® wkqrEm
ld,m˙Éf–ohg idfmalaIj fiajd úhqla;s
wkqmd;slh ishhg 4'3 isg ishhg 4'5 olajd by<
.sfhah' uqΩ fiajd úhqla; ck.ykh fmr jifr®
wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< jdr®;d jQ 366"734 g
idfmalaIj" i,ld n,kq ,nk ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °
376"984 la f,i weia;fïka;=.; fl˙◊' mqreI
fiajd úhqla;sh ishhg 2'9 isg ishhg 3'0 olajd
iqΩ jYfhka o ia;S% fiajd úhqla;sh ishhg 6'8
isg ishhg 7'4 olajd o by< .sfhah' fuu.ska
ksrEmKh jkafka iuia; fiajd kshqla;sfha my<
hEu mqreI Y%u n,ldhg jvd ia;S% Y%u n,ldhg
jeä jYfhka ixfõokh jk njhs' fuu m%jK;d
u.ska †.ska †.gu wjOdrKh lr isákqfha Y%u
fj<|fmd< ;=< ia;S% - mqreI Ndjh mokï lr.;a
úIu;dj m%uqLj mj;sk nj;a" wdr®:ßlh ;=< is≥jk
fjkialïj,g ia;S% Y%u n,ldh jvd jeä jYfhka
wkdjrKh jk nj yd ixfõ° jk nj;a h'
y jhi wjqre≥ 40g wvq ishÆ jhia ldKav
ie,l+ úg fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh 2018
jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=< by< f.dia we;'
;reKhkaf.a3 fiajd úhqla;sh wLKavj ie,lsh
hq;= f,i by< uÜgul mej;s w;r 2018 jifr®
m<uq Nd.h ;=< ° th ishhg 22'1 la úh' wfkla
w;g" wjqre≥ 30-39 iy wjqre≥ 40 yd Bg by< jhia
ldKav ms<ssfj<ska ishhg 3'3 yd ishhg 0'7 la f,i
idfmalaIj my< fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;sl jdr®;d
lf<ah' 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=<" wjqre≥ 40 yd
Bg by< jhia ldKavfha fiajd úhqla;sh Bg fmr
jifr® wkqrEm ld,h ;=< jdr®;d l< w.hg jvd
wvq uÜgul mej;=◊' fuhg m%Odk fya;= f,i
fuu jhia ldKavj, /lshd wfmalaIlhkaf.a by<
ksmqK;d yd m<mqreoao fya;= úh' ;reKhka w;r
olakg ,efnk idfmalaIj by< fiajd úhqla;sh
;=<ska jvd;a M,∞hS udkj iïm; m%udKj;a f,i
m%fhdackhg f.k fkdue;s nj fmkakqï lrhs'
wfkla w;g" fuu.ska by< jhia ldKavj,
mqoa.,hka u; wdr®:ßl jYfhka w;sfr®l nrla
megfjk w;r" fuu mqoa.,hka yg úY%du hk
jhfika miqj o wLKavj /lshdj, ksr;ùfï
wjYH;djhla we;sfõ' fndfyda úg Tjqkag W!k
fiajd kshqla;s ;;a;ajhkag uqyqK mEug o is≥jkq
we;' fuu.ska jhia.; mqoa.,hkaf.a cSjk
;;a;ajh my< jeàula is≥úh yels w;r tu.ska
nrm;, idudchSh .egÆ ksr®udKh ùu o is≥úh
yelsh'
y wOHdmk uÜgu wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï°" by<
wOHdmksl iq≥iqlï ,o ldKavfhka by<u
fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh jdr®;d úh' fï wkqj"
w'fmd'i' ^Wiia fm<& iy Bg by< wOHdmksl
iq≥iqlï ,o ldKavfha fiajd úhqla;s wkqmd;slh
miq.sh jifr® m<uq Nd.h ;=< jdr®;d jQ
ishhg 8'0 g idfmalaIj 2018 jifr® m<uq Nd.h
;=< ° ishhg 9'2 la f,i jdr®;d úh' by< wOHdmk
iq≥iqlï iys; mqoa.,hkaf.a fiajd úhqla;s
wkqmd;slh by< w.hla .ekSug m%Odk fya;=j
f,i Y%u fj<|fmd< ;=< mj;sk l=i,;dj,
fkd.e<mSï ye¢kaúh yelsh' wOHdmk iq≥iqlï
iys; ;reK ldKavh ;=< mj;akd by< fiajd
3 jhi wjqre≥ 15-24 w;r
4
61
ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
úhqla;sh" W!k fiajd kshqla;shg u.mdok
w;r tu.ska wvq jegqma$jrm%ido yd /lshd
w;Dma;slrNdjh jeks ;;a;aj we;s úh yelsh'
úfoaY fiajd kshqla;sh
y úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hk ldka;djka
ixLHdj by< .sh o 2018 m<uq Nd.fha ° úfoaY
/lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï iuia;hla f,i
ishhg 2'4 lska my< .sfhah' kqmqyqKq Y%ñlhka
úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hEu wju ls¯ug
rcfhka .;a m%;sm;a;suh ls%hdudr®." úfoaY
/lshd i|yd msg;aj hEïj, uE; ld,Skj olakg
,enqKq iuia; my< hEug m%Odk jYfhka
fya;= úh yelsh' ;jo" fuu my< hEu i|yd
ueo fmr†. rgj,a jeks ixl%u◊l Y%ñlhkaf.a
m%Odk .ukdka;j, ixl%u◊l Y%uh iSud ls¯u
i|yd .kq ,enQ cd;sl m%;sm;a;s iy foaYSh
wdr®:ßlh ;=< ke.S tk wxYj, we;s Y%u ys`.h
fya;=fjka foaYSh Y%u fj<|fmd< ;=<ska mek
ke.S we;s by< .sh Y%u b,aÆu ∞hl úh' 2018
m<uq Nd.fha ° mqreI yd ldka;d úfoaY /lshd
i|yd msg;aj hEï iuia; úfoaY /lshd i|yd
msg;aj hEï j,ska ms<sfj<ska ishhg 62'0 la iy
ishhg 38'0 la f,i jdr®;d úh' 2017 jifr® wkqrEm
ld,m˙Éf–oh yd idfmalaIj n,k l," 2018
jifr® m<uq Nd.fha ° mqreI úfoaY /lshd i|yd
msg;aj hEï ishhg 8'3 lska my< .sh w;r" ldka;d
úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï ishhg 8'8 lska
by< .sfhah' ldka;d úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj
hEï ixLHdj 2017 m<uq ldr®;=fõ isg fmkakqï
l< by< hEfï keUqrej wLKavj mej;=◊'
y 2018 m<uq Nd.fha ° úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj
hkakkaf.ka ishhg 55 la kqmqyqKq Y%ñlhka iy
.Dy fiaúldjka úiska ksfhdackh lf<ah' fmr
jifr® wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh yd iei£fï ° 2018
jifr® m<uq Nd.fha ° jD;A;Sh" uOHu uÜgfï"
,smslre yd ta wdYs%; iy .Dy fiaúld ldKav
hgf;a /lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï by< .sh o"
mqyqKq Y%ñl" wr®O mqyqKq Y%ñl iy kqmqyqKq
Y%ñl ldKav hgf;a /lshd i|yd msg;aj
hEï my< hEula fmkakqï lf<ah' 2018 m<uq
Nd.h ;=< °" ldka;d ixl%u◊l Y%ñlhkaf.ka
ishhg 79 la jeks ie,lsh hq;= m%;sY;hla .Dy
fiaúld /lshd i|yd msg;aj f.dia we;' fmr jifr®
m<uq Nd.h yd iei£fï° 2018 m<uq Nd.fha °" .Dy
fiaúld ldKavh hgf;a msg;aj hEï 31"062 olajd
ishhg 11 lska by< .sfhah' fuu.ska wdrlaIs; iy
mqyqKq ixl%uKhla iy;sl ls¯u i|yd ls%hd;aul
l< m%;sm;a;sj, †.= ld,Sk M,∞hs;dj we.hSfï
wjYH;dj o ms<ìUq fõ' úfoia.; fiajlhkaf.a
fm%aIK u; wdr®:ßlh ie,lsh hq;= f,i rπ
mj;sk neúka wkd.;fha° úfoaY fma%IK rg ;=<g
.,d tAfuys ;sridr jr®Okhla iy;sl ls¯u i|yd
jvd by< ksmqK;d ldKav hgf;a úfoaY /lshd
i|yd msg;aj hEï †˙u;a ls¯u i|yd jk m%;sm;a;s
;j≥rg;a Yla;su;a ls¯u wjYH fõ' 2018 jifr®
m<uq Nd.fha ° jD;a;Sh yd uOHu uÜgu hk
ldKav" iuia; msg;aj hEï ixLHdfjka ishhg 7 lg
muK ∞hl úh'
lïlre in|;d
y rg ;=< wdr®:ßl yd idudchSh lghq;=j,g ±ä
ndOd we;s lrñka rdcH wxYh ;=< jev jr®ck
.Kkdjla ls%hd;aul úh' udOH jdr®;dj,g wkqj"
idudkH ck „ú;hg" wdr®:ßl yd idudchSh
ls%hdldrlïj,g ie,lsh hq;= f,i ndOd we;s
lrñka 2018 uq,a udi 8 ;=< ° rdcH wxYfha
fi!LHh" wOHdmk" ;eme,a iy m%jdyk wxYj,
jev jr®ck 7 la ls%hd;aul ù ;sfí' flfia fj;;a
lïlre fomdr®;fïka;=fõ o;a; wkqj" fm!oa.,sl
wxYh ;=<" jev jr®ck ixLHdj" ta i|yd
iïnkaO jQ fiajl ixLHdj iy jev jr®ck
fya;=fjka wysñ jQ ñksia †k .Kk wvqùula
jdr®;d lr ;sfí' 2017 jifr® m<uq Nd.fha °
33"353 la f,i jdr®;d jQ fm!oa.,sl wxYfha jev
4'6 rEm igyk
l=i,;d uÜgu wkqj úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï ^jif¾ m<uq Nd.h ;=<&
.Dy fiaúld
mqoa.,hka ixLHdj ^oyia&
kqmqyqKq Y%ñl
jD;a;Sh yd mqyqKq
Y%ñl
uOHu uÜgu"
,smslre yd ta
wdYs%;" wr®O mqyqKq
Y%ñl
2014
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
2015
2016
2017 ^w&
2018 ^w&
^w& ;djld,sl uQ,h( Y%S ,xld úfoaY fiajd kshqla;s ld¾hdxYh
4
62
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
jr®ck ksid wysñ jQ ñksia †k .Kk 2018 m<uq
Nd.fha ° 18"840 olajd ishhg 43 lska my< .sfhah'
fuhg m%Odk jYfhka fya;= jqfha jeú,s lr®udka;
fkdjk wfkl=;a wxY ;=< olakg ,enqKq jev
jr®ck fya;=fjka wysñ jQ ñksia †k .Kfka my<
hEuhs' fmr jifr® wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=< °
jev jr®ckj,g iyNd.S jQ 6"855 la jQ fiajl
ixLHdj" 2018 m<uq Nd.h ;=< ° 3"573 la olajd
my< .sfhah' flfia fj;;a" w∞< ld,h ;=< °
jeú,s lr®udka; wxYfha lïlre in|;dj, hï
ms˙ySula olakg ,enq◊' fuu ld,m˙Éf–oh ;=<
tu wxYfha fiajlhka 1"177 la iïnkaO fjñka
ls%hd;aul jQ jev jr®ck 9 la fya;=fjka ñksia
†k 8"879 la wysñ úh' tfia wysñ jQ ñksia †k
.Kk 2017 m<uq Nd.h yd iei£fï° 2'5 .=Khl
jeäùuls'
y rg ;=< ls%hd;aul jk ±ä iy kuHYS,s núka
wvq lïlre kS;s fya;=fjka mek ke.S we;s Y%u
fj<|fmdf<a °r®> ld,Sk .egÆj,g úi∫ï ,nd °u
i|yd lïlre iy jD;a;Sh iñ;s in|;d
wud;HdxYh úiska ls%hdudr®. .Kkdjlau 2018
m<uq Nd.h ;=< ° f.k ;snq◊' fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
/lshd iïnkaO kshuhka iy fldkafoaisj,g
w∞< lïlre kS;sj, mj;sk wl%ñl;d iy
úIu;dj,g úi∫ula jYfhka" zflaj, lïlre
kS;shla (Single Employment Law)Z y∫kajd °ug
leìkÜ wkque;sh ,nd ° we;' wiudk;d j,ska
f;dr mqr®K iy M,∞hS fiajd kshqla;shla iy;sl
ls¯u" jevìu ;=< ,sx.sl ysxikh je<elaùu iy
kuHYS,s fiajd ld,hka i|yd lghq;= ie,iSu
i|yd w∞< úê úOdk" fhda‚; lïlre kS;sj,g
we;=<;a ls¯ug kshñ;j mj;S' ore Wm;a j,ska
miqj ldka;djka kej; Y%u n,ldhg tl;= ùu
ffOr®hu;a lrkq ms◊i mqoa.,sl wxYfha fiajfha
kshq;= ldka;djkag" ore Wm;a ixLHdj ms<sn|
iSudjla fkdue;sj ud;D m%;s,dN m%∞kh ls¯u
i|yd 1939 wxl 32 orK ud;D m%;s,dN ms<sn|
wd« mk;g iy 1954 wxl 19 orK lvidmamq
iy ldr®hd, mk;g ixfYdaOk b†˙m;a lr ;sfí'
wka;r®cd;sl fj<|fmd< b,lal fldg" i∞pdr
iïmkak f,i (Ethical) NdKav ksIamdokh yd
wmkhkh is≥lrk rgla f,i YS% ,xldj ia:dms;
ls¯u wruqKq lrf.k" n,y;aldrfhka Y%uh
,nd .ekSu je<elaùu i|yd zwk;=re∞hl /lshd
,ehsia;=jZ ixfYdaOkh ls¯ug mshjr .ekq◊' ;jo
M,∞hs;dj jr®Okh jk whq˙ka" idlÉcd u.ska
jev ìï ;=< u;=jk wr®nqo wju ls¯u yryd ldr®ñl
iduh jvd jr®Okh ls¯fï wruq◊ka lïlre
fomdr®;fïka;=j úiska ziudc l;sldj;Z kñka
jevigykla ls%hd;aul lrk ,°'
Y%u M,odhs;dj
y jev lrk ,o mehlg tl;= l< w.h jYfhka
^2010 ñ, u; mokïj& ukskq ,nk Y%u
M,∞hs;dj" 2017 jifr® m<uq ldr®;=fõ jdr®;d jQ
remsh,a 445'28 g idfmalaIj 2018 jifr® m<uq
ldr®;=fõ ° remsh,a 472'14 olajd ishhg 6'0 lska
by< .sfhah' 2017 jifr® wkqrEm ld,m˙Éf–oh
yd idfmalaIj n,k l< wxY ;=fkysu Y%u
M,∞hs;dfjys Okd;aul jr®Okhla jdr®;d úh'
jev l< mehlg remsh,a 566'05 la jk by<;u
M,∞hs;djh jdr®;d l< fiajd wxYh ;=<ska" Y%u
iïmf;ys jvd;a by<u ldr®hlaIu Ndú;dj
ms<sìUq jQ w;r lr®udka; wxYh Bg ióm w.hla
jk jev l< mehlg remsh,a 556'29 l M,∞hs;d
uÜgula jdr®;d lf<ah' fmr jifr® wkqrEm
ld,m˙Éf–oh yd idfmalaIj n,k l<" 2018
jifr® m<uq ldr®;=fõ iuia; Y%u M,∞hs;dfõ jQ
jeä †hqKqj i|yd o< tl;= l< w.fhys jQ jr®Okh
iy jev l< meh .Kfkys jQ my< hEu ∞hl úh'
uE; ld,fha olakg ,enqkq m%jK;dj wLKavj
mj;ajd .ksñka" lDIsldr®ñl wxYh 2018 m<uq
ldr®;=fõ ° jev l< mehlg remsh,a 155'48 la jQ
wju M,∞hs;dj jdr®;d lf<ah'
wfmalaIs; j¾Ok
ñ,
y WoaOukh" 2018 jifr® b†˙ ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=<
ueo ;ks w.hl mj;skq we;ehs wfmalaId flfrhs'
ukdj md,kh flreKq WoaOuk wfmalaId" b†˙
±lau u; mokï jQ uqo,a l<ukdlrKh iy
i;=gq∞hl foaYSh iemhqï ;;a;aj" fmd≥ ñ,
uÜgu wvq uÜgul mej;Sug ∞hl fõ hehs
wfmalaId l< yelsh' flfia jqjo" fujeks ys;lr
m%jK;dj,g úreoaO idOl lsysmhla u.ska ñ,
4
63
ñ," jegqma" fiajd kshqla;sh iy M,odhs;dj
.Kka by< hEu i|yd hï m%udKhl mSvkhla
t,a, úh yelsh' wdydr fkdjk ldKavfha whs;u
jk bkaOk" .Eia iy ú≥,s .dia;=j, m˙md,s; ñ,
.Kka by< ±óug we;s yelshdj iy fvd,rh
Yla;su;a ùu fya;=fjka foaYSh uqo,a ≥r®j, ùu
iy md˙fNda.sl NdKavj, cd;Hka;r ñ, .Kka
wvqùfï m%jK;dj m%;sjr®;kh ùfï yelshdj
fya;=fjka wdkhksl NdKavj, ñ, úp,k u.ska
we;slrkq ,nk WoaOuk mSvkh tjeks idOl fõ'
y t<jΩ jeks ks;r ñ, WÉpdjpkh is≥jk
wdydr whs;uj, we;eï ld,m˙Éf√o ;=< °
we;s jQ wêl iemhqï fya;=fjka fjf<|fmd<
;=< b;d wvq ñ, .Kka mej;s w;r tu.ska
f.dùkaf.a wd∞hu my< .sfhah' fuu .egÆj
úi£ug rfgys tlu ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=< ° iudk
jr®.fha fNda. úYd, f,i j.d ls¯u iSud
ls¯u i|yd wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;=h' ta i|yd"
f.dùkag wjYH ksIamdokh ms<sn| Wmfoia
,nd°u$u`.fmkaùu iy wf,úlrK f;dr;=re
,nd°ug Wmdhudr®.hla jeä†hqKq ls¯ug we;s
yelshdj ms<sn|j rch fidhd ne,sh hq;=h' tla
tla .%du ks,Od¯ fldÜGdifha ia:dms; lrk
,o Wmldrl fiajdjla u.ska f.dùkag w∞< iy
ld,Sk f;dr;=re ,nd°ug" mj;sk f;dr;=re iy
úYd, o;a; úYaf,aIK Ndú;d lrk f;dr;=re
fn∞ye¯fï l%ufõohla (Big Data Analytics) ia:dmkh ls¯u is≥ l< yelsh' ;jo" fj<|fmd<
ndOd iy fj<|fmd< w;r ñ, wiudk;d wju
ls¯ug msgfldgqj iy oUq,a, jeks wdr®:ßl
uOHia:dkj, idOdrK fj<| m%;sm;a;s m˙phka
m%jr®Okh ls¯u is≥ l< hq;=h'
Y%u n,ldh iy fiajd kshqla;sh
y Y%u fj<|fmdf<ys wjYH;djkag .e,fmk
/lshd wfmalaIlhka ìys ls¯ug ksis ms<s.ekSula
iy .=Kd;aul ;;a;aj iys; fm!oa.,sl wOHdmk
wdh;kj,g bv ,nd†h hq;=h' cd;sl uÜgfuka
úYaj úoHd,j,g isiqka n|jd .ekSfï° b†˙
ld,fha ° Y%u b,aÆula we;slrk wxY ms<sn|j
ukd wjOdkhla fhduq ls¯u jeo.;a fõ' ck.ykh
jhia.; ùfï ixisoaêhla mj;sk w;r;=r /lshd
wjia:d iSñ; wxY b,lal lr WmdêOd¯ka ìys ls¯u
;j≥rg;a iudc wdr®:ßl .egÆ we;s ùug fya;=úh
yelsh' flfia jqj o" wdr®:ßlfha we;eï wxYj,ska
fm!oa.,sl úYaj úoHd, wOHdmkh jHdma; ls¯u
iïnkaOfhka úfrdaO;d we;s úh yels w;r
fkdñf,a wOHdmkh ,ndfok cd;sl úYaj úoHd,
moaO;shg we;=<;a úh fkdyels YsIHhkag ;D;Shsl
wOHdmk m%fõYh ,nd °u i|yd fuu úfrdaO;d
l<ukdlrKh lr.; hq;=h' ukd mqyqKqjla iys;
Y%u n,ldhla f.dvke.Sug o fuh ∞hl úh
yelsh'
y Wmfhda.S fkdjQ .%dóh Y%u iïm; m%fhdackhg
.ksñka Y%u ys`.h ms<sn| .egÆj úi£u i|yd
jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;k m%;sixúOdk ls¯u jeo.;a
fõ' iemhqu mokï lr.;a mqyqKq wdlD;s ì|
ouñka b,aÆu mokï lr.;a mqyqKq wdlD;s
m%jr®Okh ls¯u is≥l< hq;= w;r ta fjkqfjka
mdGud,d kùlrKh iy m%ñ;slrKh ls¯u
i|yd jD;a;Sh mqyqKq wdh;k fm!oa.,sl wxYh
iu`. w;aje,a ne|.; hq;=h' fm!oa.,sl wxYh
iu`. M,∞hSj iïnkaO ùu iSud ls¯ug fya;=
jk ±ä úêúOdk kuHYS,s l< hq;= w;r tlu
ldKavfha mqyqKq wdh;k w;r iudfhdackh o
b;d jeo.;a fõ' wfkla w;g" uqΩ ck.ykfhka
ishhg 80 la muK jk .%dóh ck.ykh" Y%u
iïm; Wmfhdackfhys ,d úYd, jYfhka mdol
fõ' M,∞hS ikaksfõok l%fudamdhka" /lshd wjia:d
ms<sn| f.hska f.g ±kqj;a ls¯fï jevigyka iy
/lshdfõ kshq;=j mqyqKq ùfï wjia:d u.ska jD;a;Sh
mqyqKq wdh;k .%dóh m%cdjg ióm ls¯u ;=<ska
Tjqkaf.a" úfYaIfhkau ;reK ;re◊hkaf.a"
l=i,;d jeä†hqKq ls¯ug wjia:dj ie,fia' tjeks
l%fudamdhhka foaYSh Y%u wjYH;d imqrd .ekSu
Wfoid jk udkj m%d.aOkh ixjr®Okh ls¯u
i|yd ∞hl lr .; yels w;r rcfha m%dfoaYSh
ixjr®Ok b,lal imqrd .ekSfï° o uOHld,Skj
iy †.=ld,Skj m%fhdackj;a úh yelsh'
y mj;sk ±ä lïlre kS;s u.ska wkdrlaIs; wr®O
ld,Sk /lshd iy wkshï /lshd †˙ .ekaùula
is≥lrk w;ru fiajd kshqla; ck.ykfhka
jeä fldgila wúêu;a fiajd kshqla;shla fj;
wdlr®IKh lr .kq we;' meh úis y;r mqrdu
ls%hd;aul jk lr®udka; ìysùu;a iu`. kQ;k
4
64
Y%S ,xld uy nexl=j uE;ld,Sk wdr®:ßl m%jK;d( 2018 iqúfYaI is≥ùï iy 2019 wfmalaIdjka
wdr®:ßlfhys mj;sk /lshd wjia:d .%yKh
lr.ekSu i|yd m%Yia; Y%u fj<|fmd<lg
myiqlï iemhSfï wruq◊ka h,a mek .sh
kS;suh iSudjka bj;a ls¯u jeo.;a fõ' ta wkqj"
ksrka;rfhka n,Od¯kaf.a wkque;sh ,nd .ekSu
wjYH fkdjk m˙† jevlrk meh .Kk kuHYS,S
ls¯u" wr®O ld,Sk /lshd iy i;sfha jevlrk
uqΩ meh .Kk jev lrk †k my ;=< fhd∞
.ekSu jeks jev ms<sfj<j,a" úúO m%foaY iy úúO
lr®udka; mqrd ls%hd;aul ls¯fï yelshdj fidhd
ne,Su wjYH fõ' ldka;d l=gqïN ck.ykfhka
ishhg 65 lg jeä jr®;udkfha wdr®:ßluh
jYfhka wlS%h ldka;djkaf.a Y%uh mQr®K
Wmfhdackh i|yd o fuh ∞hl úh yelshæ fujeks
m%;sixialrK is≥ ls¯fï° lïlre WmfoaYk iNd
;=< ;reK ksfhdackhla we;s ls¯fï jeo.;alu
jkAfka wkd.; Y%u fj<|fmd< iyYs%lhkaf.a
(Millennials) iy miqld,Sk mrïmrdj, ks;r
fjkiajk iqΩ wjYH;djkag .e<fmk m˙† ilia
úh hq;= fyhsks'
y jHdmdr u.ska is≥lrk Y%uh b;s˙ ls¯u b,lal
lr.;a wdfhdack wdr®:ßlfhys mj;sk W.% Y%u
ys`.hg úi∫ula úh yelsh' lD;su nqoaêh (Artificial Intelligence), frdfnda ;dlaIKh u.ska ls%hdj,s
iajhxlS%hlrKh (Robotic Process Automation)" hdka;s%l bf.kqï (Machine Learning) jeks kjH
ls%hdudr®. u.ska ±kg mj;sk jHdmdr fufyhqï
iajhxlS%hlrKh ls¯fuka Y%uh b;s˙ lr.; yels
w;r w.h ∞uh ;=< M,∞hs;dj by< kexùug o
yelshdj we;' iajNdjfhkau mqkrdjr®;kh
fkdjk ls%hdldrlï iy jeä ksr®udKYS,S;ajhla
wjYH ls%hdldrlï i|yd ys`. udkj m%d.aOkh
fYaI lr ;nd .ekSug o fuh Wmld¯ fõ' tjeks
M,∞hs;d jr®Ok ls%hdudr®. m%jr®Okh ls¯u i|yd
by; i|yka l%fudamdhhka ixjr®Okh iy Ndú;d
lrk foaYSh jHjidhlhka b,lal lr iykYS,SS
Kh myiqlï y∫kajd°u iy tu lafIa;%j,g w∞<
úfoAYSh wdfhdack fjkqfjka n≥ iyk ,nd °u
u.ska rchg fï i|yd ue†y;a úh yelsh'
y úfoaY fiajd kshqla;sh my< hEu" úfoaY fiajd
kshqla;slhkaf.a fma%IK my< hEug fya;= úh
yels w;r th ndysr cx.u .sKqug wys;lr f,i
n, mE yels jqjo mqyqKq Y%ñl ldKavfha úfoaY
/lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï m%jr®Okh ls¯u u.ska
tu n,mEu iukh lr.ekSug lghq;= l< hq;=h'
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ldr®ñl úfYaI{;dj fhd∞
.ksñka wOHdmk moaO;sfha iy jD;a;Sh mqyqKq
wdh;kj, fmr i|yka l< m˙† m%;sixialrK
iy m%;sixúOdk ls%hd;aul ls¯u cd;Hka;r Y%u
fj<|fmd< ;=< fiajfha kshq;= ùug iq≥iqlï iy
iQ∞ku iys; mqyqKq Y%u n,ldhla f.dvkexùug
Wmld¯ úh yelsh' iDcq m%;s,dNhla jYfhka
fuu.ska úfoaY fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a fma%IK
by< hk w;r jl%ldrj Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj,
„jk uÜgu by< hkq we;' ta wkqj" kqmqyqKq
Y%ñl ldKavfhka úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj
hEï wffOr®hu;a lrk w;r;=r mqyqKq Y%ñl
ldKavfhka úfoaY /lshd i|yd msg;aj hEï
m%jr®Okh ls¯u ;j≥rg;a Yla;su;a l< hq;=h'