MATTER

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

What is matter?

Particle Theory of Matter1. All matter is made up of extremely

small particles

Particle Theory of Matter

2. All particles of one substance are the same. Different substances are made of different particles.

Particle Theory of Matter

3. There are spaces between the particles.

Particle Theory of Matter

4. The particles are always moving. The more energy that particles have, the faster they move.

Particle Theory of Matter

5. There are attractive forces among particles. These forces are stronger when the particles are closer together. particles far apart –

force weak

particles close together – force strong

States of Matter

SOLIDLIQUIDGAS

SOLID

Strong attraction Particles only vibrate

LIQUID

Weaker attraction Particles move past each other

GAS

Attraction very weak Particles far apart

Changes of State

Classification of Matter

MATTER

mixturepure

substances

compoundselementssolutions

(homogenous

mechanical mixture

(heterogenous)

MATTERanything that has mass and

takes up space (eg. desk, ppl)

Mixturecontains 2 or more substances

(eg. pizza, fruit punch)

Pure substancesall “particles that make up the substance are the same (eg.

water)

Compoundscontain 2 or

more elements in a fixed

proportion (eg. H2O, CO2)

Elementscannot be

broken down into simpler substances (eg. carbon,

oxygen)

Homogenousmixture (solution) contains one

visible component

(eg. tea, vinegar, fruit

punch)

Heterogenous (mechanical)

mixtureContains more

than one visible component

(eg. Italian salad dressing, raisin

bran)

Mixtures:Homogenous vs Heterogenous

HOMOGENOUS

HETEROGENOUS

HETEROGENOUS

HOMOGENOUS

Elements vs. Compounds

ELEMENT

ELEMENT

COMPOUND

ELEMENT

MOLECULAR COMPOUND ELEMENT

MIXTURE

Elements vs. Compounds

CO2

H2O

NCl

calcium chloride

nitrogenpotassium

calcium

helium