Resettlement or Expulsion of Persons Rescued at

Lampedusa and Malta

Member States in the EU Frontex Relevant operations programme Reception Conditions Italy (Lampedusa) Malta Germany/Sweden

AGENDA

„ A situation wherein there is a reasonable certainity that a

person, a vessel or other craft is threatened by grave and

imminent danger and requires immediate assistance”

EU has adopted a set of common guidelines for the surveillance of the external maritime borders

Some Member States are not too keen on concrete agreements fearing of a pull factor

Minimal intervention is undertaken to prevent loss of life, often without engaging in actual rescue

Migrants are probably diverted back to African countries before being given the opportunity lodge an asylum application

Italian authorities: „they do not proceed with the normal identification of migrants who are intercepted at sea”

Boats with nationality suspected

State Party shall take appropriate measures in accordance with relevant domestic and int’l law

Disembarkation of persons

European Commissions: 80% of illegal persons come in small unseworthy vessels, putting their life in „objectively in danger”

European Agency for the Managment of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States of the EU

2004Developed from the European Council on Justice

and Home Affairs and later from the Common Unit

Has the capability to launch joint operations and pilot projects at the request of Member States or at its own initiative

It has carried out a number of joint misiion at the external borders of the EU

FRONTEX

Hera and Nautilus maritime operations

Hera- became permanent, every yearNautilus: joint sea operation: tackle the

migration flow in the Central Mediterranean region targeting Malta and Italy. 5 Member States participated

-2 operations in the region

June-July 2007: 401 migrants were detected in the operational area, 63 outside and a total of 116 rescued

OPERATIONS

Number of asylum applications in 2014 in EU member states has risen by 25% compared to same period in 2013

First 7 months of 2014, more than 87,000 people arrived to Italy by sea

Mare Nostrum OperationTighter controlUNHCR will build on international and

domestic law to support States’ efforts to find durable solutions for such amount of people

Asylum and Migration Integration Fund

ITALY

Reception center can only host 800 peopelMany slept in the streets

Transferring 6,000 migrants to Sicily

Inhabitants were frustrated

Closed Sea: film, which demonstares the nasty side of Italian behavior towards migrants and asylum seekers

Italy signs contract with Libya

Lampedusa- The Ugly Truth

2014 was a year of relatively few boats arrivals in Malta compared with previous years

Italian Mare Nostrum

Geogrpahic location(soutfh of Italy and north of Libya in the Mediterranean Sea)

Malta finds itself as a bride between Africa and Europe

2009 incident: 154 people on a boat in the Mediterraneas Sea waited for days while Italy and Malta disputed who should receive the „burden”

Malta

German new resettlemt programme announced in 2012

Aims to resettle 300 refugees per year for the next three years(2012-2014)

Only recently become involved in resettlement

2008: Germany agreed to resettle up to 10,000 persons from Iraq

Germany to resettle

Mixed quota modelRespond to emergency needs

2011: UNHCR appealed to governments to make availbale a pool of places to meet emergency resettlemnt due to emergency situation in North Africa

2012: places reserved for the emergency pool were used to resettle refugees from China, Syria, Costa Rica etc.

In 2013, 200 pool places were used for Syrian refugges

Sweden