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TRANSCRIPT
POETRY
POETRY
A type of literature
that expresses
ideas, feelings, or
tells a story in a
specific form
(usually using lines
and stanzas)
POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET
The poet is the author
of the poem.
SPEAKER
The speaker of the
poem is the “narrator”
of the poem. Do not
assume that the voice
in the poem is the
poet’s, even when the
poem is written in first
person. The poet
creates the character of
the speaker.
Structure
Poetry Structure is the way the
words, lines, and groups of lines are
arranged.
Line-a group of words together on
one line of the poem
Let’s practice!
How many lines do you count?
I look around and start to write
About the guys: their hair, their height
Describing them I start to see
They’re not so bad. They’re just like me
STANZA
Lines may be grouped in stanzas.
Stanzas are logical sections of
ideas, like paragraphs in an essay.
STANZA cont.
from The City Is So Big
The city is so big
Its bridges quake with fear
I know, I have seen at night
The lights sliding from house to house
And trains pass with windows shining
Like a smile full of teeth
KINDS OF STANZAS
Couplet = a two line stanza
Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza
Quatrain = a four line stanza
Quintet = a five line stanza
Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza
Septet = a seven line stanza
Octave = an eight line stanza
**KNOW THE TERMS IN RED***
RHYME
Words sound alike
because they share the
same ending vowel
and consonant sounds.
(A word always
rhymes with itself.)
LAMP
STAMP
Share the short “a”
vowel sound
Share the combined
“mp” consonant sound
RHYME SCHEME
A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme
(usually end rhyme, but not always).
Use the lower case letters of the alphabet to
represent sounds to be able to visually “see”
the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)
SAMPLE RHYME SCHEME
The Germ by Ogden Nash
A mighty creature is the germ,
Though smaller than the pachyderm.
His customary dwelling place
Is deep within the human race.
His childish pride he often pleases
By giving people strange diseases.
Do you, my poppet, feel infirm?
You probably contain a germ.
HOW DID YOU DO?
The Germ by Ogden Nash
A mighty creature is the germ,
Though smaller than the pachyderm.
His customary dwelling place
Is deep within the human race.
His childish pride he often pleases
By giving people strange diseases.
Do you, my poppet, feel infirm?
You probably contain a germ.
a
a
b
b
c
c
a
a
END RHYME
A word at the end of one line rhymes with a
word at the end of another line
Hector the Collector
Collected bits of string.
Collected dolls with broken heads
And rusty bells that would not ring.
INTERNAL RHYME
A word inside a line rhymes with another
word on the same line.
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I
pondered weak and weary.
From “The Raven”
by Edgar Allan Poe
SLANT RHYME
a.k.a half rhyme,
close rhyme
The final
consonant sounds
of the words
rhyme, but the
final vowel
sounds do not.
Example:
I heard a fly buzz when I died
The stillness in the room
Was like the stillness in the air
Between the heaves of storm.
METER
A pattern of stressed and unstressed
syllables.
Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed
syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a
repeating pattern.
When poets write in meter, they count out the
number of stressed (strong) syllables and
unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They
they repeat the pattern throughout the poem.
METER cont.
TYPES OF FEET (cont.)
Iambic - unstressed, stressed
Trochaic - stressed, unstressed
Anapestic - unstressed, unstressed, stressed
Dactylic - stressed, unstressed, unstressed
METER cont.
FOOT - unit of meter.
A foot can have two or
three syllables.
Usually consists of
one stressed and one
or more unstressed
syllables.
TYPES OF FEET
The types of feet are
determined by the
arrangement of
stressed and
unstressed syllables.
(cont.)
STRESSED AND
UNSTRESSED SYLLABLES An accent mark indicates a stressed
syllable ꞌ A horseshoe symbol marks an
unstressed syllable ˇ Vertical lines divide each line into feet
POETIC FORMS
Form is the appearance of the words on the
page.
Usually defined by its purpose and
characteristics.
POETIC FORMS cont.
Formal Verse follows fixed, traditional
patterns that may include a specific rhyme
scheme, meter, line length, or stanza
structure.
POETIC FORMS cont.
Unlike metered
poetry, free verse
poetry does NOT have
any repeating patterns
of stressed and
unstressed syllables.
Does NOT have
rhyme.
Free verse poetry is
very conversational -
sounds like someone
talking with you.
A more modern type
of poetry.
FREE VERSE POETRY
Three Main Categories of Poetry
1. LYRIC POEM
A short poem
Usually written in first person point of view
Expresses an emotion or an idea or
describes a scene
Do not tell a story and are often musical
(Many of the poems we read will be lyrics)
FORMS OF LYRIC POETRY
Sonnet
(usually compares two
things-often with love)
•fourteen-line poem of praise with a specific
rhyme scheme
Shakespearean
Petrarchan
Ode
(celebrate or honor
something)
•Formal poem of honor or celebration
•Often dignified or lofty in subject
•Often have regular meter and end rhyme
Elegy
(focus on death)
•Formal poem reflecting on death or another serious
theme
Haiku
(about nature)
•Japanese poem
• Unrhymed poem, often about nature
•Short, 3-line stanza that follows a 5-7-5 Syllabic
pattern
NARRATIVE POETRY
2.Narrative poetry tells a story. Generally longer
than the lyric styles of poetry b/c the poet needs to
establish characters and a plot.
Includes:
Ballads tell a story that may describe an important
event or a hero. Usually passed from one
generation to another.
Epic Poems are long stories about the exploits of a
hero or god. Usually paints a clear portrait of the
culture at the time it was written.
DRAMATIC POETRY
3. Dramatic poetry presents a drama in verse.
The action is told through the words the
characters speak.
HUMOROUS POETRY
LIMERICK A light or humorous verse of five lines in which lines one, two and five are of three feet and lines three and four are two feet, with a rhyme scheme of aabba. There was an old man of Khartoum Who kept a tame sheep in his room, “To remind me,” he said, “Of someone who’s dead But I never can recollect whom.” by W.R. Inge ( 1860-1954