+ organic chemistry carbon containing compounds. + organic chemistry study of carbon containing...
TRANSCRIPT
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Organic Chemistry
Carbon containing compounds
+Organic Chemistry
Study of carbon containing compounds
Organic compounds can be found in foods (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, etc), petroleum based products, medication, plastics, fibers
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Penicillin
Buckyball
Caffeine
Buckminsterfullerene
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+First 10 Straight Chain AlkanesTable 25.1 on page 745
+Branched Chain Alkanes
The halogens and groups of atoms like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus can take the place of a hydrogen in the carbon chain
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+Drawing Structural FormulasCH3CH2CH2CH3
CH3CH2(CH3)CH3
CH3CH2(CH3)CH2(CH3)CH3CH3
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CH3CH2(CH3)CH2(C2H5)CH2CH3CH3
CH3CH2(CH3)CH2(C2H5)CH2CH3CH3
+Organic Nomenclature
Alkanes (CnH2n+2) Compounds containing all C to C single bonds.
Homologous Series Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6
Propane C3H8
Butane C4H10
Pentane C5H12
Hexane C6H14
Heptane C7H16
Octane C8H18
Nonane C9H20
Decane C10H22
+Cycloalkane (CnH2n)
Isomers of alkenes (CnH2n)
Rings in shape
Contain C to C single bonds
+Rules for naming alkanes
1. Use longest chain.
2. Number C atoms, starting from the end nearest attachment (side chain or substituent).
3. Punctuation is important.a) Name is one word.b) Numbers separated by commas.c) Numbers separated from words with hyphens.d) If branch is an alkane then the suffix –yl is added.e) If more than one of the same branch is present then
the Greek prefixes are used (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.).
f) If more than one branch is present they are listed in alphabetical order (Greek prefixes are not used for the ordering).
g) Halogen branches are the same but w/o –yl suffix (chloro-, bromo-, etc).
Examples
CH3CH2CH2CH3 =
CH3CH2(CH3)CH3 =
CH3CH2(CH3)CH2(CH3)CH3CH3 =
CH3CH2(CH3)CH2(C2H5)CH2CH3CH3 =
CH3(Cl)CH2(Br)(Br)CH2(CH3)CH2 =
Butane
2-methylpropane
2,3-dimethylpentane
3-ethyl-2-methylhexane
2,2-dibromo-1-chloro-3-methylbutane
+Homework:
Set up lab notebook (Aspirin)
Complete 1-10 of Organic Packet (on separate sheet of paper) Type-o in #7: Should end in CH2 not CH3