Organization for Globalization

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(domestic) . . (international) . (multi-domestically) ( ) (multinational) (, , , ) ( 1/3 ) (global) .

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Indirect ExportDirect ExportNon-Equity AllianceJoint-VentureWholly-OwnedHighBiz. ScaleLowSimpleDiverseComplexity of functions Agent ( )

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199495969799 4 IMF2000ProcessGPMGlobal Key-wordGBM 94 96 99 04 716014216112231

(85%)(67%)(55%)(71%)

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()

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(joint venture) , : -, NUMMI: + GM, (Saha)-

(consortium)/ , , : Airbus Industry, SEMATECH, 5 , (TDX)

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(global) : (multi-domestic) : ,

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Stopford & Well model

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(71) (72) 3 (, , )TVAUDIO (1969 ~ 1978)

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AV : Biz (1979 ~ 1991)

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. . (licensing), (joint venture), , . / ., ., .

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. , , , , (centralized) ( ) (regional coordinator) .

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(1998 )(1998 ) GPM

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. , (decentralized) ( ) , ,

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AV (95) CIS, , CIS : (1995 ~ 1997)

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GPM (98) 8 GMO - (92) - (93~94) - (95~96) - (97~98.8) - (98.9~12) - (99~) : CEO C I S (GPM) Hybrid (1998 ~ )

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/ / ()

,

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(or ) , , : , , , , action program , , , ,

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()

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: (I) : : , , (Nemawashi, ) : 60 ( ) GATT , , R&D , ,

vs : (CAD/CAM, robotics )

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: (II) () . hardware. software, service . local content laws, .

:

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(I) : nemawashi(), ringi() , , , , ( ) : () : (, , ). , , , ( ).

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(II) () , : :

: : ( , )

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(I) : , , , (, , ), , network ,

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(II) () 3 :1: (, , )2: , , : , ( / )3: : , , , : Sony Morita Akio Sony

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(global manager) (Country Manager) : (flexibility) (Sensor)/ / (Builder): (NEC America: Software Engineers, Cummines Engine: Indian Scientists & Engineers), , , , Infra

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(Country Manager) () (Contributor): (Cross Functional Team) (Joint Task Force) (Global Strategy Conference)P&G : Euro Brand Teams, Euro Marketing Task Force (Worldwide Learner): Best Practice (Block Meeting: Matsushita) healthy internal competitionexchange of best practice (Analog Managerial Meeting: P&G)

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(Global Perspective) Thinking Globally, While Acting LocallyHolographic PropertyNo longer "King of the Country" Philips: Outsourcing VCR from a Japanese Competitor (Strategic Partnership) (hierarchical) Entrepreneurship Strategic Alliance: +

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(corporate manager) : (Orchestrator) + + = (Leader): Visionary or Transformational Leadership (NEC :K.Kobayashi, C&C) (GE: J.Welch, not Control but Inspire) (Matsushita: M.K., PHP) (Talent Scout): , , (NEC North America: Gottlieb) (Developer): (Career Development Path) , (Job Rotation) : 5 - 10 : 2 - 3

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