平度二中云山教学区高三教研组 ---- pingdu er zhong ---- 吴京良...

平度二中云山教学区高三教研组

----Pingdu Er Zhong ---- 吴京良


阅读理解题型及技巧

1.A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S. This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river.　 This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road ， which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom. There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco. Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years.　 This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936. Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dam ， one of the highest dams in the world ， is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada.Q ： Hoover Dam lies ______. A. between Arizona and Nevada 　　 B. in the Black Canyon C. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and B

2.Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight” ， Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991 ， appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.　 Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old ， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. However ， it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.　 “ It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I'd love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, " said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q ： Which of the following is NOT true?　　 A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.　　 B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.　　 C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.　　 D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.

3 、 (08 北京 D) When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend.

He was in despair( 失望 ) and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other.

Q:“We gave London to each other. ”probably means______A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of usB. we were unwilling to tear ourselves away from LondonC. our unpleasant feelings about London disappearedD. we parted with each other in London.

4. Some people are never right. They never have good luck. They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK ， they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buses and airplanes. Mr. Neff is different. He is always right. He is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes. Even if he does miss them ， it is always the fault of the buses or air planes. Mr. Neff knows almost everything. He doesn’t ask questions ； he answers questions. He never says ，“ I don’t know.”Q ： Which of the following best describes the writer’s attitude to Mr. Neff?

A. He finds Mr. Neff hard to understand.B. He thinks Mr. Neff wonderful.C. He feels pity for Mr. Neff.D. He does not like Mr. Neff.


Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal. Such a person is not really a thief. They are sick and cannot help themselves. All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions. People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them. With medical help they may become normal citizens again. The things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value. They often give away what they have stolen or collect objects without using them.

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Q:What is the topic of the text?

A. Young Thieves. B. An Unusual Illness. C. Reasons for Stealing D. A Normal Child’s Actions.


Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal. Such a person is not really a thief. They are sick and cannot help themselves. All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions. People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them. With medical help they may become normal citizens again. The things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value. They often give away what they have stolen or collect objects without using them.

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6 、（ 08 天津 B ） I love charity( 慈善 ) shops and so do lots of other peop

le in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street. The charity shop is a British institution, selling everything from clothes fo electric goods, all at very good prices. You can get things you won’t find in the shops any more. The things I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies, and you are not damaging the planet, but finding a new home for unwanted goods.

Q: The author loves the charity shop mainly because of_____ A. its convenient lovation B. its great variety of goods. C. its spirit of googwill D. its nice shopping environment

阅读理解常见题型归纳：1. 细节题（直接 / 间接）2. 生词 / 词组意思猜测3. 指代4. 作者写作意图、态度5. 主旨大意6. 事由


细节理解

推断理解

占阅读理解总分的 80%

左右。


一、细节理解题 ( 事实题）1 、直接事实题：

2 、间接事实题：

先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围，然后利用略读的手法找出出处。

需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。

7 、（ 08 浙江 A ） Adrian’s “Amazing Race” started

early when his parents realized that he, as a baby, couldn’t hear a thing, not even loud noises. In a special school for the hearing-impaired ( 听觉受损的 ), he learned sign language and got to mix with other disabled children. However, the sight of all the disabled children communication with one another upset his mother. She wanted him to lead a normal life. So after speaking to an advisor, she sent him to private classes where he learned to read lips and pronounce words.

Q: How did Adrian communicate with other children in the special school?A. By speaking B. By using sign languageC. By reading lips D. By making loud noises

8 、 (08 淄博二摸 ) It is the kind of consideration that increasing numbers of

parents are making , with weeks now spent with lists of suggested names, studying how each sounds, how it looks on paper, how it is thought of, and, most important, whether it will be setting up the receiver for success, failure, or ridicule in later life.

Parents are taking naming more seriously, but then there are those who mistakenly have shis idea that they have to choose unique names to their children and are spending a lot of time and effort hunting down or creating them, when research shows that less common names have less impact.

Q: Which of the following is not right?A 。 Parents want their children’s name to be socially accepted.B 。 Parents want their children’s name to be good-looking.C 。 Parents want their children’s name to sound beautiful.D 。 Parents want their children’s name to be common

二、词义 / 词组推断 / 指代题做此类题时，应尽可能地利用问题所在的（附近）上下文来猜测，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。

When the second plane crashed into the building, I happened to be quarrelling with my wife. We stopped, astonished……

The astonishing and terrifying 911 attack

10. (2008 年安徽卷 C 篇 ) [ 原文 ] Climbing attracts people because it is good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout.

66. The word “workout" underlined in the last paragraph most probably means_____. A. settlement B. exercise

C. excitement D. tiredness

When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger.


三、主旨判断题：一般包括：短文标题、主题、大意或作者写作意图做此类题目时，首先要搞清是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括文章的主题。如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。


其次 : 要学会借助文章的结构来把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主题句 ( Topic sentence) 来表达。主题句常常出现在段首 (60%--90%) 或段尾处 , 有时也在段落中间。同样 , 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。因此 , 在阅读中 , 我们要对文章的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注意。

10 、 (08 海南 A) Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at

his new home in Tucson, Arizona. My earliest memories of my father are of a successful man devoted to his work and family, but uncomfortable with his children.On the first day fo my visit, we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch at an outdoor cafe. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping , ate on the street table, and laughed over my son’s funny facial expressions. Gone was my father’s critical( 挑剔的 ) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before?

Q: What does the auther think of her father after her visit to Tucson? A. More critical B. More talkative C. Gentle and friendly D. Strict and hard-workingNot mentioned

You dream each night, even though you may not remember your dreams. While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster. Even your brain-wave pattern changes. Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health.

They claim that without dream, people would go crazy.

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Q: What does the passage mainly tells?A. How people stay healthy B.How sleep is necessary C. Why dreams are important D. When people remember their dreams


四、事由推理判断题：

技巧：找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推理。

注意：不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点


2.Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight” ， Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991 ， appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.　 Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old ， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. However ， it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station.　 “ It’s really a hard job for me. I won’t enter for such competition any more. Anyhow, I am quite lucky. I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title. This time, in Shanghai, I'd love to make a deep impression on my TV audience, " said Luo Lin with a sweet smile.Q ： Which of the following is NOT true?　　 A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.　　 B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.　　 C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.　　 D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.

12 、 (08 四川 A) One of my friends, Tracy ,came back from India wi

h a new idea of what being a volunteer means.“I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video( 录像 ) about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I too wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks.”

Q: Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer?A. She liked to work with Mother Teresa.B.She had already had some experience.C.She was asked by Mother Teresa to do so.D． She wanted to follow Mother Teresa’s example.


山东英语考试说明中要求：理解主旨要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推断生词（词组）的词义；作出简单判断和推理；理解文中的基本结构；理解作者的意图和态度。


PRACTICE

Not clearly classified; designed in a mixed way

Practice Makes Perfect

熟能生巧

13 (08山东 D) Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campa

ign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards(广告牌 ) across the country.

The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E. worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organnization.

Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest” project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.


Q1. Kids F.A.C.E. is _______.A.program to help students with writingB.a project of litter recyclingC.a campaign launched by President BushD.a club of environmental protention

Q2: What can we learn about Poe?

A.She was awarded a prize in Brazil.B.She donated billboards across the country.C.She got positive responses for her efforts.D.She joined the National Park Service.


13 (08山东 D) Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campa

ign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards(广告牌 ) across the country.

The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E. worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organnization.

Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest” project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.


14、（ 08 浙江 C ） A Brown University sleep researcher has some

advice for people who run high shcools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保 ) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleephead students aren’t used to the early hour.

Q: The underlined phrase “nod off ” most probably means______ A. turn around B. agree with others C. fall asleep D. refuse to work.

Common sense


15、（ 08重庆 E ） Almost every day we come across situations in whi

ch we have to make decisions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world, in rich or poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are excising their right to make decisions, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertisers hoping to sell their products.

Q: What does the author try to argue （论证） in this paragraph?A. The exercise of rights is a luxury.B. The practice of choice is difficult.C. The right fo choice is given but at a price.D. Choice and right exist at the same time.


Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practicing until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practices until he can play quickly, accurately(精确 ), without thinking. Tennis players call that “ being” in the zone.” Educators call it “ automaticity’ (自动 ). Q: The passage mainly tells us _______.A. what automaticity is B. how accuracy is acquired (获得 )C. how a child learns to walk D. how an athlete is trained.

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17. One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant ，“ I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches ( 蟑螂 ) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well ，” replied the man ，“ I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”Q ： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was ______.　　 A. very clean　　 B. just cleaned by the landlord　　 C. tidy and comfortable　　 D. dirty and full of insects


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平度二中云山教学区高三教研组 ---- pingdu er zhong ---- 吴京良...

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