» population pyramid—bar graph that shows percentage of males and females and age groups in a...
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Population of South Asia
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Terms and Definitions
» Population pyramid—bar graph that shows percentage of males and females and age groups in a country.
» What can you tell about a population from a population pyramid?
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» Annual growth rate—change in population in one year
˃ Birth rate - Death rate + Net Immigration
» Growth rate can be positive, zero, or negative
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Facts
» South Asia has three countries in the top ten for population (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh)
» 22 percent of the world lives in South Asia
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» India has 1.1 billion people and is the 2nd most populous country in the world
» Pakistan is 6th most populous and Bangladesh in the 7th most populous
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Population
» In 1947, India’s population was 300 million…60 years later the population tripled.
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Why?
» Advances in medicine» Green Revolution
˃ New techniques for farming produced more grain—so there were less famines and people lived longer lives
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The Future» Experts predict
that by 2030, India will have more people than China. By 2100, they believe India will be the only country to have 2 billion people.
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What are the consequences of having a large population?
» Widespread poverty˃ 1/4th of the world’s starving people live in India˃ 42.5% of India’s children are malnourished
» Illiteracy˃ India has 61% literacy rate; 48% for women˃ Pakistan has 50% literacy rate, 32% for women
» Poor Health Care˃ Poor sanitation and limited health care services˃ Mothers often die in childbirth; many children to not survive to
adulthood
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Solutions
» “Let’s Have Smaller Families for a Stronger India”˃ The Indian government has pushed for smaller families since the
1950s, but it has had limited success+ Women often marry before the age of 18+ Children are a source of income+ Poor health care means children die young, so parents want to
have more children to make sure some live to adulthood
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Education
» Education provides children with knowledge and skills to move out of poverty
» Females can find opportunities to work outside of the home and learn about family planning
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BUT…
» India has an incredibly weak public education system, especially for the poor. The schools are often crowded, lack teachers, and lack supplies
» In parts of Pakistan, the Taliban ban education for women