ISLAM

Re-cap yesterday’s mosque debate What was the debate about? What were the two sides of the debate?

What is Islam?

THE MUSLIM WORLD

Emergence of Islam

Teachings of Islam

Achievements in the Muslim World

EMERGENCE OF ISLAM: GEOGRAPHY

Arabian Peninsula (Southwestern Asia)

Today this area is known as Saudi Arabia

EMERGENCE OF ISLAM: GEOGRAPHY

What do you see?

Sandstorms

Mostly desert

People settle mostly at or near an oasis

EMERGENCE OF ISLAM: MUHAMMAD

Muhammad Born in 570 B.C.E. in Mecca (site of Hajj

today) At about 40 years old, begins to experience

visions Becomes the prophet of Islam

Message:

“Recite!” “One True God”

Allah

EMERGENCE OF ISLAM: HIJRA

Not everyone listened to Muhammad

Mecca at this time was a commercial center Merchants live off of people coming to pray to

the traditional gods and idols Why do you think merchants would have a problem

with Muhammad’s teachings?

Faced with threats of murder, Muhammad and followers leave Mecca for Yathrib This journey is known as the hijra

TEACHINGS OF ISLAM: MONOTHEISM

Arabian Peninsula at this time Clan-based society Worship Gods and idols

Monotheism Very new to area Threatened society

TEACHINGS OF ISLAM: QURAN

The Quran Sacred word of God (through Muhammad) In Arabic, it is the direct and un- changeable word of God All followers learn Arabic

How do you think this has helped unite Muslims from different places?

Ethical teachings Honesty, generosity, social justice Complete guide to living a good life Final authority on all matters

TEACHINGS OF ISLAM: PEOPLE OF THE BOOK

Monotheism was not new to everyone Judaism and Christianity = the People of

the BookShared beliefs:• One God• Adam and Eve• Abraham• Word of God

Differences:• Torah and Bible only partial revelation

• God has no son

Muhammad taught tolerance In general, People of the Book enjoy religious freedom

TEACHINGS: FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH

Five pillars of Islam are the foundation of Muslim faith Just as video showed, not all Muslims know all 5

1. Shahadah (The Testimony of Faith) What is a testimony? What does it mean to

testify in court? “la ilaha illa Allah, Muhammadun rasoolu Allah.”

These are the only words you have to say with conviction to become Muslim

There is no God besides Allah None has the right to be worshipped besides him God has no partner God has no son

TEACHINGS: FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH

2. Salah (Prayer) Pray five times a day As many as you can – some more, some

less This brings a direct link between the

worshipper and Allah.

3. Zakat (Charity) Give as much as you can Give of yourself through good deeds

TEACHINGS: FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH

4. Saum (Fasting) During the month of Ramadan all Muslims fast

from sunrise until sunset abstaining from food and drink

5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) Travel to Mecca at one time in your life if you

can

What do you see?

ACHIEVEMENT

Trade Art and Humanities Literature and Writing Mathematics Music Science and Medicine

ACHIEVEMENT: TRADE

Trade was an integral part of the Muslim world Merchants were honored

Muhammad was a merchant

Trade Spreads products and technology

Manufacturing Artisans produce wealth of fine goods

Guess what?! Trade = Peace and Prosperity =

Innovation

ACHIEVEMENT: TRADE

Trade expands Camel caravans “ships of the desert” Travel the Silk Road

ACHIEVEMENT: ART

Many works of art are rich in history and beauty

Interwoven with beautiful storiesOne Thousand Arabian Nights

Late one night I was suddenly awakened by a rustling noise outside my window. Through a space in the blinds, I saw a large rectangular carpet hovering above the willow tree. I opened the window, and the carpet … What does this remind you of?

ACHIEVEMENT: ARCHITECTURE

Mosques

Minarets

ACHIEVEMENT: SCIENCE AND MEDICINE Astronomy

Navigation

Pharmacology

Anatomy

Medical Practices

ACHIEVEMENT: LITERATURE AND WRITING

Arabic Importance to faith

Poetry

Calligraphy

Largest library of time-Baghdad

Knowledge

ACHIEVEMENT: MATH

Arabic Numerals

Pioneered the study of algebra

Geometry is vital to Muslim culture

ACHIEVEMENT: MUSIC

New instruments

Dancing

Important for prayer services

Songs tell tales and religious teachings

YOUR MISSION!

Museum Exhibit

Achievements in the Muslim World Pick 1 category you are interested in Sign up TODAY Research tomorrow and Friday DUE Tuesday, November 30th

Tuesday after Thanksgiving Break

YOUR MISSION!

Museum Exhibit Requirements:

One artifact from the Muslim world One paragraph describing the what, where,

when, who, how and WHY WHY question is most important (and is your

reflection): Why was your artifact important in history? Why is your artifact important in our world today?

Museum Exhibit Day Wednesday, December 1

YOUR MISSION!

Museum Exhibit

Achievements in the Muslim World Pick 1 category you are interested in Sign up TODAY Research tomorrow and Friday DUE Tuesday, November 30th

Tuesday after Thanksgiving Break