. DOEMN-52-0901

’ Repoh on Inadvertent Relekses of Restricted Data and Formerly Restricted Data under Executive Order’ 12958 that Occwred Before October 17,1998 (U)

Reportto: ’ . -

Tl%k Cbmmittee on Armid Se&es of the Senate . . .

The Committee on Armed Services of the House of f-- I

Representatives . ‘. The Assjstant to the Prgsident for JWionai Security ‘Af&irs ’

InadvqtqM Release of R@riCteii Data ,and. Formerly &est#ed Data Before Octgber 17,. 1998 (JJ) - .’ j

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U.S. Department of Energy Office of Declassification Germantown, Maryland 2a874. . . .

August 1999

(I I CE~ARTMENT OF ENERGY GECtAS .-_

I 1 ST REViEWDATE: - AUfHCP.lW U4CC WM 0 NAME:

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Executive Summary 1 . ‘I’ 3

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TheNational Defense Authorjzation Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Pubtic Law 105-261, section 3 161; hereafter refared to as the “Act”) requires the Secretary of Energy to submit a report to &e Senate Committee on Armed Se&es, the nouse Comdtt~ oh Anr?ed Services, and the &&ant to the President for National. Security Ai%& on the inadvertent releases ;(compromises) of Restricted Data @@-and Formerly Restricted Data ,(FRD) in Government wcy records declassified under section 3.4 of Executive Order (E.0.) 12958 that occurrd before October 17,1998, the date of enactment of the ,+ct. This executive summary provides an . unclassified description of the report.

-m This report ckolidates alI the known incidents if inadvertent rel&es of RD/FRD in other govcmment agency recbrds under E.O. 12958 that occymd before the Act’s enaqtment on October 17,1998, including those referred to l%IE by the other Federal agencies, in accordance - withthe SpeciaI~Historical Records Rcview’Pfmsubmiited to Congress on-February 1,1?99. A total of four distinct file series’ and one coiktio~ of four file se&s c+&ning IWFRD that . ‘: were imptiperiy de&&tied and made pubkly’accessible are being reported.. DOE audited a total of apprkrnately 948,000 pages and identifkd other government agency documents consisting ef approximately 14,890 pages &Wning RIMED which were inadvertently released ‘. (colipfomki). The fbn o@ng ~1~~ report describes the &eumsGnces of the discovery, 1 some of the specific RD/FRD fbund, and speaks to the usefulness of the tiolInation released. . . .’ . , QOE has initiated the process to conduct quaktykontro1~audit.s of Government agencies’ ‘, ~@ssi.fied file se&s under E.O. 12958 to mini&e the’inadv~ent releases of RD/F.RD. DOE . tplits ipwg already prevented other agency docuxn@ s ef approximately .22,500 pages containing RDandFRDfiambeinginadvertentlyreIleased.’ ” ‘. 1.’ ‘. ‘.

FINDINGS .

. An agency Be series’that Contained properly marked RLMF’RD on (a) nuclear tests that provide i&&t into the level of weapon design technology in the fate 1950s and early 1960s and (b) nuclear weapon systems that have either been retired or never reached production and stockpiig (see Chapter 1 fir details). :

. An we&y Be series that contained proper& marked RD records revealing United States (U.S.) nuckar weatpon design information from the test results of a specified nuclear test jxogfam (see chapter 2 for detaifs).

I An agency fiIe series (see footnote 1) that incfuded RD, m&marked ‘as National Security Infkxdoq providing US, nuciek test results of a specified nuclear test, the m&y and technical bask for atmospheric testing during a specikl year, and a specified nuclear device with the specified date of the underground test (see Chapter 3 for details).

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‘Two of the bur file s&s were &classified prior to Ik cfktive date of ED. 12958. However, the file series were prpeessed ad reported in the E.O. 12958 ~qtinll#nr. The&ore, for factual complcMess, they are included. .

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UNCLASSIFIED . 2

l h agency file series (see footnote 1) that contained properly marked RWFRD records coming nuclear weapons utibation infOrmation s&h as yields of specified weapons and deployment and storage locations (see Chapter 4 for details).

. An agency cokction of fbur f2e series that cqntained both properly and mismarked IiDa records coiwing m@y,weapons design information for increasing yields and nuclear weapon utilization infbnriation such as yieMs of specified weapons and deployment and,storage Jocatio~ (see Chapter 5 for d&ails).

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From a generic perspective, it is wd known &t p&entk$ strakgic adversaries, emerging . . proKfbrant nations and terrorist groups aggrekely target U.S. m&u weapon information and : thatofficiald ocuments’and * records are Oftea regkded as havini signifbntly mote vaue than

other sources of in&m&ion abobt nuclear weapons r&ted i@omon. ,Infbmlat~on regarding older nuclear weapck is of value since it ‘is often tech&Q less sc@Gticated. With sufkient - -

. ia+rmati~n and ma+&’ a prolifii dd,constnrdt an old design more easily than current weaponry with a greater probabiity ofundergoing successM detonation. ,

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. PrckKerants and potential adversaries can benefit from ,cre&ble authentic&d infixm@on about

. mckar weapons. This hkmat.ion can provide iqpmvements in design contidenice in untested &signs, and *corroboration of information O&&A tirn intelligence ~~dot.her:~.

_. .* ,. ; ipjvertenly released tzh&fled information .Mmor detailsand authoritatitie qualitative - .: . e+luatiOns b&i tintribute to technical base capability and understanding &xM.fbr successfbl 1’ : 4

. -. dt?ir&,@ent of nuclear weapohs. bdve@ntly r&ksed nu&ar weapbns de&n i&&nation .’ : (RD) cq provide u&&l de&n pmers to enierdng proiikant nations and to tvorist groups. Pieces of infoimation can contribute to the effectiveness of mosaic’and conipilation techniques of intelIigence sources. ‘.

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qdditionally, the nkkarweapons&i.zation’iafommtion (FRIQcould assist potential strategic adversaries in assming the strengths and W-S of the U.S. nuclear arsenal. Revelations of deployment of nuclear wekpons outhie of the U.S. may violate intem&nal agreements and harin diplomatic ties with WY nations, which could undermine our nti+ar deterrent.

Even thou@ the class&d dkuments d&ribed in this report were decbssified inadv&en&~y, only in one c~sle ii there compelling evidence that classified information was cOrnpromised, i.e:,

: obtained and u@ by a researcher. In this one case, the compromised inf+ation r&ted to the deployment of nuCkU Weapons in B foreign C0untry in the early 1950s (FRD) rather than the: design or production of a nuclear weapon (see Chapter 4 for details). . .

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I+DVERENT RELEASE OF:RESTRICTED DATA AND FORMERLY REN’RKTED DATb “DER EXECUTIVE ORDER 12928

1. INTRODUCTION . .

. The National Defeslse Authorizatior~ Act fir Fis& Ye& 1999 (Public Law I0546 1, . . section 3161; hereafk referred to as the &Act”) requires the hretary ofEner&y to submit - *,

a report to the Sen@e Committee on ArMd S&i&s, the Houqe Commithe on Armed F&vices, and the Asai@ant to the President for Nkional Security AfMs on the *advertent - r&ases@omproxnkes) of Restricted.Data (RD) and Eormerly Restricted Data (FRD) in Govkrmnent agency records dccIas.s&d under section 3.4 of Executive Wder (LO.) 12958 that occurred before October 17,1998, the date of enactment of the A$.

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t .&&ition iti g&.&-

-f %xponutihatio~ information, tihicb is classified as RWFRD by current DUEJDepartkent of Defense . guidance. .I

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The!’ RD fpuncl intided idormation from a mtckar test that provides insight into the Ievd

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INADVERTENTRELEASE OFRJX’IWCTEDDATAAIW FORMERL,Y RESTRICTED DATA UNDER EXECXJTIW ORDER 12958. .

‘1 : 1. INTRODUCTION . 4 .

The National Defime Authorization Act for.Fiscal Year 1999 (Fubii? Law 103-261, section 3 161; hereifier rcf&ai to as the :A@) requires the Sexxetay,of E&rgy to _ _ submit a report to the SenateGon&ttee on Armecj Services, the HOW Committee on Armed Services, and the Assistant to the President for Nationg Sea$ty +fGirs on the inadvertent releases (cumpromises) of Rest&ted Data (RD) and Form&y Restricted Data (FRD) in Oovemment agency reqxds declassified ynder section 3.4 of Exyutive. Order @LO.) 12958 that cscmed before October 17,1998, the date of enactment of q: Act.

i ----+ ) The audit identified marked RD and FRD mism&ed& National Security Infbrmation .’ ’ .‘..

! (F&I). The file series was protected as NSI prioi to its decJassiik+ion and presumed td be NSI and not RD. The exempted clas$fled~~~ records werk not withdrawn from the . collection prior to,the file series being made avllable for general public access and, thus; .- ismdwrtmttyre~eascd.

2. CONTENT .----- 1

PrMerants and potential adversaries can benefit from credible ?uthenticated information about nuclear weapons. This infkmation can provide improvements in design confidence in untested design; to miniaturize nuclear weapons. b(r) _. . ..-

4. COMPROMISE

5. . ACTIONS TAKEN I

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.JNmtiRTENT lkEL.EASE~QF RIWRICTED DATA ANDFORMERLY RESTRICTIED DATA UNlXR EXEXUTIVE ORDFiR 12958

i. INTRODWCYICIN ’ .

The National De&me Author&ion Act for Fiscal Y* 1999 (Publichw 105-261, s&on 7 : 3161; hder khrred~to gs the “Act”) requires the Sewetq of JZnergy to submit a report to

- the Senate Clkmmitiee on Armed Setvices, the House Cgnmittee on, Armed $&cm, and the _ AssIstat to the President fix National Securi~ Afliirs on the imdve+t rekases (comprom.&s) of Restricted Data (RD) iitnd Fomealy Restricted Data @RD) in Government a$ky records deelassifi~ under section 3.4 ofExecutive Order (E.O.) 12958 that occurred before October 17, 1998, thedateofenactment ofthe Act.

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jThi tidit fouqd RD/FRD records improp&y marked ‘85 Nati~nai-“ - ?kttrity Information (NSI) inchding mxlear weapon design information (RD) curmtly ck&fied

by DOE @Jancc.’ The FRD found, still’chs&d by current joint DOE arid Department of Defense (DOD) guidance, included nuclear weapon stockpiI?, inform&on and charkteristics.

2. CONTENT

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zntis collectiou was declassifi~ pfior m (he cB”vc date of E.O. 12958. H~wevcr; the colleetio~ was pmccssed and rqxxtcd ~JI the ED. 12b58 raquinment. Therefore, for fktual completeness, it has been included.

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‘I’heNatioxuIDefbnse AuthoGzation ActforFiscaf Year 1999 (PublicLaw 105-261, e ” section 3 161; hercaffer r&‘csred to ‘is the “Act”) kquirea the secretary of Enerm to submit 8 report to the Senate (Zqmtnittee cm Armed SetviceS, the House Comrnitt& oi - *

.’ Armed Services, and tksA&&nt tothe Prtiderxt for National Sea&y A@irs on ihe inadvertent deaseS (compromises] of lbstrictcd Data (RIB) and Fo~y.Mct@ D&. (FRD)it!-==-f aggcy reamls de&ss%ed under pctidn 3.4 of Executive Order @LO.) 12958 that occumd bitwe October 17,1998, the dim of enact&at qf the A&.

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’ contentswereco nfmned to &KJJ~KL, cur&y ckssif%d by joint DOE’&d i zi’hii-f

Department of De&rise (DOD) guidake including yields -of @eGfii zp+ai pveapons, in+ ttuclear weapons de@oym&t and storage Socations. . , . - ._.

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%I& collection ws d+d&kcl prior to the tikctivc date ofEZxe&vc Order (E.O.) 12958. However the collcctiw ?vas proemcd and reported in the E.O. 12958 rtx&mcnt. Therefqrt, fbr: factual complctencss, it &as ltccn incMcd.

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3. SIGNIFICANCE * >Y’

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. This nucl&.weapo~ and utilization infonnatiozi’&xi~~~~Ids of nuclear weapons and their deployment and storage locations qould as+ potthaI adversaries in karning our . strenw our potent@ vuheraGilitjes,~our ovt@ national defense capabiities, or our war

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fighting capabilities. Revelations of dqbloyment of nuclear weapons outside the U.S. may MoIate Mrnational agreements and harm diplomatic ties with some nitionq which could widermine bur national ymiity, -.

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. INADVERTENT RELBME tiF.RESTRICTikJ DATA ANI) F(IXkMERLY 8 RESTRlCTED DATA UNIX% EXECUTIVE ORDER 12958

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. * l’.kTRODUcTI0N -I .

The National De&&k A~&oMtion Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public kw 105-261, - ’ sectiott 3 161; hereafkr rcfmed to as the YAW) requires the &cretary of Energy to submit a report to the Senate odmmittet on Armed Se&q t+ IHw Compxittee on _ Armed Services, and the As&ant to the Presid~t for National Spurity AffXq on any

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inadvertent releases (compromises) of Restricttxl Data (RD) and Formerly lhstricted Data -- 9 @RD) in other tig* recbrds underExtitiv& Ckder’129S8 that occurred before . C&tober~l7,1S98, the date of enactmyt of the Act. .

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Th& i&oi$sation in these records i&uded nu@ekr L weapon desi~ionnatibn and i&c ear weapon ytik+$~ informatjon which is classified RD/FRD by currentIX3~ent of,Defknse @dance. a ,’

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3. SlGNlFICANCE : .

The RD information could assist proliierant countries and terrorist organizatioh in designing, improving efficieiq atid idehtifj&g credible nuckar devices and design data , resulting in deveIopment and/or a&qu,irem~nt of a ~u&ar weqjon.

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The nuclear weapon utilization infbmation could assist potential advemrks in,lemi& our strengths, our potential vuherabiities, our overaH MonaI d&me capabiities, or our * war fighting capabilities. Re+t$atioris ofdeployment of nucleai weapons’outside the U.S. may violate intema~onaf agreements an’dJarm diplomatic ties wi$ some nations which could u&r&c our national’@ty. .

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