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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS JaRon Brown Shireisla Kelly Keiara Jimison

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+ WHAT IS SCHOOL VIOLENCE? Any form of violent activity or activities inside the school premises Includes bullying, physical abuse, verbal abuse, brawls, shooting, etc.. Bullying and physical abuse are the most common forms of school violence Extreme cases such as murder and shootings have occurred

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+ FACTORS RELATED TO SCHOOL VIOLENCE There are many factors that exist about school violence School violence only happens among poorly educated children? School violence is caused by children who come from problem homes? If you dont want trouble you should just look the other way when you see violence?

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+ CONTINUED Children who commit violent acts should be locked away forever? There is no solution to school violence? Small people are picked on more than large people?

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+ PREVENTION OF SCHOOL VIOLENCE There are community based initiatives Aggressors, Victims, and Bystanders (AVB) Violence Prevention Curriculum PeaceBuilders School programs Conflict resolution and peer mediation Lions-Quest Working Toward Peace

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS 2 of 3 elementary students spend their day afraid and avoid public settings such as cafeteria, restrooms, hallways Every school day 160,000 miss school because of fear 80% of high school students, 90% of elementary and middle school students reported they had been bullied

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS 15% of fourth through eighth graders reported distress from bullying 62% of younger bullied males reported being physically bullied (hit, kicked, poked) 22% of fourth through eighth graders reported academic difficulties due to peer abuse

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS Six times more likely to be convicted of crime by age 24 Five times more likely to have serious record by age 30 More likely to perpetuate violence (domestic violence, child abuse, sexual assault, hate crimes

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), fewer than 1% of all homicides among school-age children happen on school grounds or on the way to and from school. In 2006 there were 29 reported cases of violent crimes for every 1,000 students. In a 7 year period 116 kids were killed due to school violence.

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS In a 2003 survey of high school students, 17.1% had carried a weapon to school during the 30 days preceding the survey. 71% of public elementary and secondary schools experienced at least one violent incident during the 1999- 2000 school year, according to school principals. In 1999, 12% of 12- through 18- year old students reported experiencing any form of victimization at school.

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS In 1999, 12- through 18-year old students living in urban and suburban locales were equally vulnerable to serious violent crime at school. In 1999, one in six teachers report having been the victim of violence in or around school. This compares to one in nine teachers in 1994.

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS Nationwide, 15% of high school students had participated in a physical fight in 1998. 57% of expulsions for bringing firearms to school involved high school students, 33% involved junior/middle school students, and 10% involved elementary school students.

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+ SCHOOL VIOLENCE STATISTICS http://www.koco.com/r/27766418/detail.html

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+ School Fights Michele Harris

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+ Statistics In a recent national survey students reported on involvement in school fights during high school. More than 1 in 3 students had been in a physical fight. 1 in 7 students had fought on school property. 1 in 9 students were hurt badly enough during a fight to seek medical treatment.

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+ More Statistics These statistics show some of the reasons as to why fights start amongst adolescents. 54% of students were involved in a fight because they felt insulted. 42% chose to fight someone because he or she was either hit, pushed, shoved, or bumped. 39% of students could not control their anger. 34% fought because of peer pressure. 19% were involved in a fight over a girlfriend or boyfriend. And 17% just wanted a reputation.

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+ Why Adolescents Fight Fighting and arguing comes naturally to adolescents. Through this they learn assertiveness, negotiation skills, and conflict resolution. What makes children continue to fight in school and elsewhere depends on how the parents, guardians, and peers react to these conflicts and how those children choose to handle them.

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+ Examples When parents and teachers notice violent behavior in adolescents it is best to point out the correct ways to handle such events. Yelling, cursing, ignoring the issue only worsens the problem and leads to greater chances of the adolescent repeating such behavior. Taking time to explain his or her behavior and why it is wrong helps halt violent actions., Modeling is a beneficial way of teaching someone how to portray positive actions.

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+ Fighting Contd Teaching adolescents the proper skills on how to handle fighting and arguments keeps them from developing a negative self image as well as negative habits of self-discipline. Fighting amongst adolescents is so common that may dismiss it as a natural phase in growing up. Fights and arguments are in fact a part of development for adolescents. However, many students have recently reported carrying weapons such as guns, knives, clubs, etc. as a means of self defense, protection, or their way of solving a dispute. This shows that not only are adolescents getting into fights, but now some have taken it as far as having the intent to seriously harm or even kill another individual.

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+ Gangs Suzanne Smith

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+ http://www.myfoxchicago.com/dpp/news/metro/video_derr ion_albert

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+ Overview of Youth Gangs Youth Gangs are defined as groups of youth between the ages of 10-24 with clearly defined leadership and hierarchy, territorial identification, gang rivalry and participation in antisocial, illegal, and violent activities. In 2005 36% percent of students surveyed said there were gang activities within school settings. Gang attraction- friendship, self- esteem, identity, excitement Estimated 23,388 youth gangs across the nation

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+ Gang Activities Drug Sales- Mainly cocaine and marijuana Milling- gaining of territory or turf, can be just a street corner or a certain bench in a park Auto Theft Concealing Weapons in Schools Wearing of Gang Paraphernalia Certain Style of Dress and Grooming- Sagging of pants. Adopting Colors ( i.e. Crips blue, Bloods- red) Gang Recruitment- jumping in. Fight another gang member. Engage in illegal acts such as auto theft, assault, or even drive-by shootings.

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+ Areas with a lack of community Low- income households Poor school Performance, failure to adjust Family atmosphere Peer Group relationships Delinquency Aggressive Behaviors Drug and/or Alcohol use Higher Retention/Drop out Rate Risk Factors: Warning Signs of Possible Gang Involvement:

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+ Female Involvement In Gangs Usually viewed as: 1) Sex objects, or 2) Tomboys (masculine Females) Between 8-11% of gang members are females Reasons behind females joining gangs is usually: friendship or self- affirmation Usually commit less violent crimes such as car theft, or fraud

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+ Types of Gangs Gang Group of persons with a common identity who interact on a regular basis, and engage in criminal, and unacceptable behavior Street Gangs Group of persons engaged in a wide variety of illegal activities. Location is key factor. Copycat gang Group of persons that emulate, or copy the behaviors of urban gangs. This are also known as surface gangs. Partake in minor criminal acts. Pretend Gang School age children that engage in gang like activities as a part of play

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+ Gang Demographics African American Gangs Inner City. Mainly focused in drug trafficking. Emphasis on image, and maintaining fear and control of an area. Caucasian Gangs Partaking of drugs and alcohol are priority. Violence is usually limited to robberies, vandalism, and hate crimes. Asian Gangs Extremely organized. Overall goal is financial profit. Crimes include extortion, kidnapping, robbery. Latino Gangs Want control over a neighborhood. Emphasis on protection. Crimes are usually drive-by shootings, and assults.

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+ Luke Woodham Sarah Isaac

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+ The Story October 1, 1997 Started with the murder of his mother by stabbing and beating her. He then began his rampage at Pearl High School He shot his ex-girlfriend Christina Menefee, 16, and her friend Lydia Dew, 17 and wounding seven others during the attack

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+ The Words Spoken Before the Murders: Minutes before he started the shooting, he gave the following message to a friend - "I am not insane, I am angry. I killed because people like me are mistreated every day. I did this to show society, push us and we will push back.... All throughout my life, I was ridiculed, always beaten, always hated. Can you, society, truly blame me for what I do? Yes, you will.... It was not a cry for attention, it was not a cry for help. It was a scream in sheer agony saying that if you can't pry your eyes open, if I can't do it through pacifism, if I can't show you through the displaying of intelligence, then I will do it with a bullet."

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+ What Brought Him to This Point: Woodham insisted that Grant Boyette and several others members of a cult like group called The Kroth "The reason all this happened is that I was heartbroken," Woodham said. "I could have gotten over it, but Grant wouldn't let me... he told me I had to kill my mama... I had to get my revenge on Christina."

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+ The Convictions: He is currently incarcerated and serving two life sentences without the possibility of parole He is currently incarcerated at Mississippi State Penitentiary in Sunflower County He was convicted and sentenced to the Mississippi State Penitentiary at Parchman boot camp for six months and five years of supervised probation. Luke WoodhamBoyette

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+ Columbine Stefani Buller

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+ Basic Facts About Columbine April 20, 1999 2 shooters Eric Harris Dylan Klebold 12 students killed. 1 teacher killed More than 20 people injured. The shooters then committed suicide.

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+ A Planned Attack According to journals, notes, and videos that Dylan and Eric left to be discovered, Dylan had been thinking of committing suicide as early as 1997 and they both had begun thinking about a large massacre as early as April 1998 - a full year before the actual event. Dylan and Eric used the Internet to find recipes for pipe bombs and other explosives. They amassed an arsenal, which eventually included guns, knives, and 99 explosive devices.

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+ No one can say for sure why Dylan and Eric committed such a horrific crime. Many people have come up with theories including being picked on in school, violent video games (Doom), violent movies (Natural Born Killers), music, racism, Goth, problematic parents, depression, and more. Although no one noticed signs of the boys having violent plans there were clues to be found such as journals, plans and explosives in the boys rooms. When the two boys entered high school, they found it difficult to fit into any of the cliques. As is too common in high school, the boys found themselves frequently picked on by athletes and other students. Many still feel that something like this cannot happen to them but it can! Be sure to always be aware of the warning signs

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+ Bullying Subgroup Kendra Smith Alisha Poole Brandi Ellis

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+ SMALL SIZE VIOLENCE http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7359821n

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+ What is Bullying? Bullying is defined as the process of intimidating or mistreating somebody weaker or in a more vulnerable situation. Bullying contains the following elements: 1. The person doing the bullying has more power than the one being victimized. 2. Bullying is often organized, systematic, and hidden. 3. A victim of bullying can be hurt physically, emotionally, or psychologically.

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+ Forms of Bullying 1. Physical 2. Nonphysical A. Verbal B. Nonverbal i. Direct ii.Indirect 3. Damage to property 4. Cyber bullying http://whatsyourstory.trendmicro.com/internet- safety/Video.do?ident=cyberbullying-0

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+ Who is most likely to be bullied Same Sex Minorities Overweight People Cultural Groups Anyone who shows weakness

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+ Reasons People are Bullied Race Religion Sexuality Being clever (causes jealousy) Having a learning disability (dyslexia) Quiet introverted people Media.smh.com-video School yard bullying tables turn

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+ Prevention of Bullying in Schools Schools can minimize bullying through: Prevention Programs Consist of components such as: Educating students about bullying Consistent Enforcement of Consequences (good or bad) Encouragement of Pro-Social Behavior Train staff to recognize bullying and to effectively stop bullying when it occurs

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+ Anti-Bullying Programs vs. Bullying Prevention Programs Tend to focus on: Increased supervision Identifying or labeling and punishing perpetrators until bullying no longer occurs Effects: One study showed that this type of approach increased the number of students who reported being bullied by twenty percent. Focus on: Teaching all students skills needed to meet their social needs without bullying Changing any aspect of the school culture that may promote aggressive behavior According to Rigby, this approach is much more likely to result in the desired outcome. Anti-Bullying ProgramsBullying Prevention Programs

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+ One of the most widely used programs is the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program. This program was created by a man named Dr. Dan Olweus. His program is one of the most researched and widely adopted bullying prevention program in the school. In 1983, in response to the suicide of three adolescent boys, Norways Ministry of Education initiated a national campaign against bullying in schools. Soon after Olweus developed the fist version of his program

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+ How can Parents Help? The American Psychological Association recommends that parents: Watch your child for signs they might be being bullied Teach your child how to handle being bullied without being crushed or defeated Set boundaries with technology

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+ In Addition The APA suggests that parents of children who are engaged in the act of bullying should get involved by: Educating your child about bullying Modeling positive examples in their relationships with other people and with their children as well Looking for and addressing self-esteem issues that could be causing the childs mean tendencies Disciplining their child for any acts of bullying

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+ Bullying Long and short-term Effects

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+ Long-Term Effects of Bullying Emotional Abuse Feeling Powerless Incapability Low self-confidence Becoming an outsiders Damage to a persons self confidence

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+ Long-Term Continued Reduced Job Opportunities Desire for revenge Lingering feelings of anger Overly sensitive Increased incidents of continued bullying and victimization

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+ Short-term Effects Anger Depression Avoidance of Bullying Setting Greater incidence of Illness Lower grades than non- bullied peers Suicidial Thoughts and feelings

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+ Interesting Research !!! In one British bullying survey, 20% of the sample attempted suicide secondary to having been bullied, whereas only 3% of participants who are not bullied attempted suicide.