section 4. egyptian society resembled a pyramid. 1 st top: o pharaoh. 2 nd : small upper class. o...
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Ancient Egyptian Culture
Section 4
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Social Classes Egyptian society
resembled a Pyramid. 1st Top:
o Pharaoh. 2nd: Small Upper Class.
o Priests.o Members of the
Pharaohs court. o Nobles.
3rd Middle Class:o Merchants o Skilled Workers.
4th Bottom:o Largest class.o The Peasants .
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Social Classes Peasants:
o Did farm labor mostly.
o Others built roads and temples.
Social Climb:o A person could
rise to a higher class.
o Through service to the Pharaoh.
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Slavery Formed a separate
class. Not large. Made up of:
o Prisoners captured in war.
Had Rights:o Could own personal
items. o Inherit land from their
masters. o Could also be set free.
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Checking for Understanding
How was Egyptian Society Organized?
Was organized by a class structure that resembled a pyramid.
Top: Pharaoh. 2nd: Small Upper class
o made of priests, nobles and members of the Pharaohs court.
3rd: Middle classo Merchants and skilled
workers. 4th Peasants: Largest
class.
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A New System of Writing
Hieroglyphs:o Pictures and other
written symbols that stood for Ideas, things, or sounds.
Pictures could stand for:o Ideas or things. o Ex:
• Picture of two legs stood for the word “Go”
• Drawing of an Owl stood for the “m” sound.
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Unlocking a Mystery. After A.D. 400 Egypt's
meaning of their hieroglyphic writing system was lost.
1799:o Large Black Stone
discovered by the Nile. o Had 3 different types of
writing on it. • Upper part: Hieroglyphs.• Middle: Egyptian script
called Demotic. • Lower: Greek Letters.
Named: The Rosetta Stone. 1820’s:
o French Scholar Jean Francois Champollion completed the translations.
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Checking for Understanding
What was the significance of the Rosetta Stone?
It was important because it translated hieroglyphs into other languages so modern people could learn what the hieroglyphs meant.
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Keeping Track of Time
Astronomers:• Scientists who study the stars and other objects in the
sky. • Egyptian Farmers needed to predict when the floods
would occur.Mathematics Used basic Mathematics (+ - X /), simple Fractions, and
Geometry to cut stone and find area.
MedicineReligion and Medicine were closely related.Doctors:
• Were specially trained Priests.• Used Religious practices and knowledge of
illnesses to heal the sick. Mummification:
• Gave them great knowledge of the human body.
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Checking for Understanding
Why was it important for the Egyptians to figure out the length of their year?
They needed to know when the water of the Nile would flood.