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Significant Writers of The 1920s

The Jazz Age

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald born September 24, 1896 in St. Paul

Academic Probation; joined U.S. Army Wrote The Romantic Egotist in fear of

dying before accomplishing his dreams of literary success

End of war before he was deployed Moved to New York City in hopes of

finding a job and marrying Zelda Sayre

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Fitzgerald got an advertising job in New York City but quit and returned to St. Paul to rework his novel

The rewritten book, The Side of Paradise was published 1920

One week later Fitzpatrick and Zelda Sayre were married

One week later Fitzpatrick and Zelda Sayre married; they had one daughter, Frances Scott “Scottie” Fitzgerald in 1921

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Fitzgerald’s main source of income became short stories

1922 – The Beautiful and the Damned published

1924 – Fitzgeralds move to France; he writes The Great Gatsby, published 1925

Fitzgeralds’ lives descended into alcoholism and mental instability

1934 – Tender is the Night published

F. Scott Fitzgerald

1837 – Fitzgerald moves to Hollywood and becomes a scriptwriter; Zelda still in mental hospital

Falls in love with Sheilah Graham, a Hollywood Gossip Columnist

Lives with Graham; makes occasional visits to Zelda or Scottie

October 1939 – Fitzgerald begins writing The Last Tycoon

Fitzgerald dies December 21, 1940; Only half the novel completed

F. Scott Fitzgerald

“Everything about them suggested an irresistible quality of both nostalgia and regret for the American past. Better than anyone else, Scott Fitzgerald gave voice to this in the elegies that round out The Great Gatsby” (Kazin 15).

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Ernest Miller Hemingway born July 21, 1899

Hemingway began his writing in high school

Served as ambulance driver in Italian Army in World War I

Nurse Agnes van Kurowsky Returned the United States and

began a job at the Toronto Star Hemingway met Hadley

Richardson; they married and moved to ParisErnest Miller

Hemingway

Hemingway became part of “The Lost Generation” in Paris

1923 – Hemingway and Hadley have a son, John Hadley Nicanor Hemingway

October 1926 – The Sun Also Rises is published

Hemingway and Pauline Pfeiffer have an affair resulting in a divorce between Hadley and Hemingway

Pauline became pregnant o they decided to move back to America where they lived in Key West, Florida

Ernest Miller Hemingway

Hemingway spent much of his time hunting, bull fighting, and deep sea fishing

When reporting on Spanish Civil War in 1937, Hemingway met Martha Gellhorn who would be his third wife after the fall-out of his marriage with Pfeiffer

The two moved to Havana, Cuba Hemingway serves in World War II

Ernest Miller Hemingway

While in service, Hemingway meets Mary Welsh, who he will marry after a divorce with Martha Gellhorn

1952 – The Old man and the Sea published

1954 – Nobel Prize for Literature Retired to Idaho after writing A Moveable

Feast In retirement, Hemingway's mental and

physical state steadily worsened July 2, 1961 – Hemingway committed

suicide Ernest Miller Hemingway

James Augustine Aloysius Joyce born February 2, 1882 in Dublin, Ireland

Evidence of talent at young age; taught himself Norwegian to read Henrik Ibsen’s plays

Left Ireland for Paris in hopes of working with medicine

Met Nora Barnacle in Ireland and they were married

They moved to Croatian city of Pula and then to Trieste in Italy

James Joyce

Joyce taught English and learned Italian, the seventeenth language he could speak

Joyce and Barnacle had to children, Georgio and Lucia

1914 – Dubliners is published 1916 – Portrait of the Artist as a

Young Man published 1922 – Ulysses is published: Joyce’s

most famous novel

James Joyce

1939 – Follow up novel Finnegans Wake

Suffered from eye issues; died January 13, 1941

James Joyce

http://library.sc.edu/spcoll/fitzgerald/biography.html

http://www.biography.com http://www.britannica.com Bright Book of Life: American Novelists

& Storytellers from Hemingway to Mailer By Alfred Kazin

Bibliography