skin is called the cutaneous or integument skin has two regions the epidermis the dermis
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Skin is called the cutaneous or integument
Skin has two regions
The epidermisThe dermis
![Page 3: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
EpidermisThe outer thinner region of the skin
Made up of stratified squamous epithelium
Divided into the stratum basale and the stratum corneum
![Page 4: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
EpidermisStratum basale- just superior of the dermis
Langerhans cells- macrophages found deep in the epidermis that phagocytize microbes and simulate the immune system
Melanocytes- specialized cells in the deeper epidermis that produce melanin, responsible for skin color
![Page 5: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
EpidermisStratum corneum- the uppermost layer of
the skin
Keratin- a fibrous, waterproof cell
Mechanical barrier against microbe invasion
![Page 6: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Epidermis
![Page 7: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
DermisA deeper and thicker region
Composed of dense irregular connective tissue
Dermal papillae causes ridges resulting in fingerprints
Contains collagenous and elastic fibers
![Page 8: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Dermis
Collagenous fibers prevent skin from being torn and great resistance from over stretching
Elastic fibers allow movement but maintain normal skin tension
A deeper and thiker region
![Page 9: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dermis
![Page 10: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Dermis
Decubitus ulcers- sore caused by a lacked of blood flow in a particular area that is restricted
![Page 11: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hypodermis
Subcutaneous tissue Lies below the dermis Composed of loose connective tissue
including adipose
![Page 12: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hair Found everywhere on the body except:
PalmsSolesLipsNipples
![Page 13: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hirsutism: excessive body and facial hair
![Page 14: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Alopecia- lack of hair or baldness
![Page 15: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Hair follicles:Are formed from epidermal cellsBut are located in the dermis
Root- portion of the hair found in the follicle
Shaft- portion of the hair found above the skin
![Page 16: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Hair follicles:Are formed from epidermal cellsBut are located in the dermis
Root- portion of the hair found in the follicle
Shaft- portion of the hair found above the skin
![Page 17: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Hair follicles:
![Page 18: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Nails:From special epithelial cells at the base of
the nail called the nail rootNail body is the visible portion of the nailLunula is the whitish half moon shaped base
![Page 19: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Glands: specialized cells that produce and secrete a substance into ducts
![Page 20: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sweat gland:Present in all skinTubularGlands are active under stress
![Page 21: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Sweat gland:Apocrine glandOpen into hair
follicles In anal, groin, and
armpitsBegins secreting at
puberty
![Page 22: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Sweat gland:Eccrine glandsOpen to surface of
the skinActive when a
person is hotContains water,
salts, urea, and waste
![Page 23: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Sebaceous glandsAssociate with a hair follicleSecrete sebum : an oil substanceLubricates and waterproofs
![Page 24: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Acne vulgarisMost common Inflammation of the sebaceous glands
![Page 25: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mammary glandsLocated in breastProduces milk
![Page 26: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Athlete’s Foot: fungal infection of the toes and sole
![Page 27: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Impetigo: highly contagious bacterial infection that results in pustules
![Page 28: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Psoriasis: chronic condition, the skin is reddish pink patches covered by silver scales
![Page 29: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Eczema: an inflammation of the skin caused by sensitivity
![Page 30: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Cyanosis: condition in which the skin has a bluish tint caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood
![Page 31: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Jaundice: yellowing of the skin caused by an accumulation of bilirubin
![Page 32: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Albinism: loss of pigment in the skin creating patches of white skin
![Page 33: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Freckles: melanin concentrated in local areas
![Page 34: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Dandruff: flaking of the scalp due to accelerated keratinization
![Page 35: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Uricaria: hive caused by an allergic reaction
![Page 36: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Nonmelanoma: Basal cell carcinoma Most common Caused from UV exposure Signs are tumors, open sores, reddish
patches, smooth growths, shiny bumps or pale marks
![Page 37: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Nonmelanoma: Basal cell carcinoma
![Page 38: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Nonmelanoma: Squamous cell carcinoma
More like to spread Signs bleeding warts and scabs
![Page 39: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Nonmelanoma: Squamous cell carcinoma
![Page 40: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Basal cell
![Page 41: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Melanoma: Starts as a mole Skin around mole turns colors Occurs mostly in fair skinned
individuals with a history of sunburns as a child
![Page 42: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Melanoma:
![Page 43: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Moles: due to an overgrowth of melanocyte
![Page 44: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Warts: caused by a virus
![Page 45: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
BurnsCaused by Chemicals, Radiation, and
HeatExtent of a burn is determined by the
“Rule of Nine”Classified by depth of the burn and the
extent of the burn
![Page 46: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
First Degree BurnsOnly the epidermisReddness and pain,
no blistersSubside in 2-3 days
![Page 47: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Second Degree BurnsOnly the epidermis and dermisReddness , pain, and blistersSubside in 10-14 days
![Page 48: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Third Degree BurnsDestroys entire thickness of the skinLeathery surface of brown, black, tan,
white or redDestroyed nerves, blood vessels, glands,
and follicles
![Page 49: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Third Degree Burns
![Page 50: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Fourth Degree BurnsDestroyed down to boneLimited chance of survival
![Page 51: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Major concerns with burns:Fluid lossHeat lossBacterial infections
![Page 52: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
AutograftingGraft taken from another part of the
patients bodyPreferred method
HeterograftingGraft taken from another person
![Page 53: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Skin Grafts
![Page 54: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
EpidermisMaintain thickness but cell turnover
decreasesSkin is looser
![Page 55: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
DermisThinnerFlattenedCollagenous fibers coarser, thicker, far
apartUpper layer lostDecrease in melanocytes
![Page 56: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
HypodermisAdipose tissue decreases
![Page 57: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Wrinkles caused by:Loose epidermisFibers are fewer and disorganizedLess padding
![Page 58: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Functions of the skinProtective functionHelps regulate water lossProduces vitamin Regulates body temperatureGathers sensory information
![Page 59: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Hypothermia: Body temperature below normal
Characterized byUncontrolled shivering Incoherent speech Lack of coordinationProgresses to
pulse rate slowshallucinationsshallow breathingrigidity
![Page 60: Skin is called the cutaneous or integument Skin has two regions The epidermis The dermis](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022032205/56649eb25503460f94bb8ba3/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Hyperthermia: Body temperature above normal
Heat stroke- body temperature above 110 degrees F w/o sweating
Fever