sound rarely draws a great deal of attention from audience members even though it is crucial to our...
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Sound
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Sound rarely draws a great deal of attention from audience members even though it is crucial to our experience of televisual media◦It just ‘is’
However, it is crucial to the realism, emotional impact, and meaning of the narrative
The role of sound
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Diegetic sound is all audio that is part of the story—at least one character is able to hear it◦ Objective: available to all characters◦ Subjective: internal to a few or only one character
Nondiegetic sound is the sound that the audience can hear but the characters cannot◦ Orchestration◦ Voice-over from heterodiegetic narrator
Sound and the diegesis
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Perhaps the most compelling impact of sound is its role in generating emotion
Voice Music
Tempo/Timbre/Volume Sound effects
Functions of sound: Emotion
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Radio commercials http://www.babble-on-recording.com/sample
s.html http://www.clioawards.com/winners/ http://www.radiomercuryawards.com/rma20
09/audiolibrary.cfm
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Though we rarely pay much attention, we are used to a vast array of sounds in our environment◦ Their absence or inappropriateness will lessen the
feeling of realism generated by a film, TV show, or even videogame
Offscreen sounds and noises, etc. provide an imaginary environment appropriate to certain characters, actions, etc.◦ Sells the setting◦ Provides information unavailable visually
Functions of sound: Realism
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◦The co-occurrence of sounds and visual action hides the construction of both from view Sounds sell visual effects
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Star Wars◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0WJ-8B6aUM◦ Lightsabre (Ben Burtt)◦ Sounds
Wall-E (Ben Burtt)◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ghwbcgby6E
&feature=related
Sound effects
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The meaning of certain actions or phenomena is unclear without sound◦ Music, etc. that has prior meaning may ‘explain’
onscreen action 2001: A Space Odyssey http://www.youtube.com/user/hetfield1984#p/u
◦ The juxtaposition of incompatible sound and video may indicate irony, satire, etc. Dr. Strangelove
Functions of sound: Providing meaning
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Sound may be the main source of enjoyment◦Video complements the sound rather
than vice versa Musicals Music videos
Functions of sound: Entertainment
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Sound effects, narration, dialogue, orchestration carry over from shot to shot or even scene to scene
The musical score or signature sounds may be reintroduced from episode to episode or throughout a series of independent but linked episodes
Functions of sound: Continuity
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Recorded during production◦Mostly dialogue Boom microphone v. Lavalier v. close-
miking◦Especially difficult on location (ambient
sounds)
Production Sound
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Megan Silverstein:http://www.domgee.com/findresume.html
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y15eNbHg8Uc
Production Sound Designer
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Dubbing◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSm9DDxQv8E&fea
ture=related Automatic Dialogue Replacement (ADR)
or ‘looping’◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwZwTP52aIc&fe
ature=related Sound Effects
◦ Gathering sounds http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCpFtGCAgfI
◦ Prerecorded/libraries◦ Foley process◦ Specially constructed
Postproduction sound
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Music◦Orchestration◦Popular music Brings important meaning/allusions with it
Postproduction sound
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Postproduction mixing◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6C1rNqdblMs&
feature=related
Mixing and editing