刘轶群英语课堂

stomach; fever; ripe; ought; examine; fit; gain; energy; soft; fuel; chemical; balance; tasty; mixture; sleepy; steam; theme; parade; fighting; conflict; argument; major; probably; honour; ancestor; principle; nation; purpose; creativity; faith; commercial; similar; generation; salute; celebration; respect; cycle; invitation

单词：

ought to; plenty of; keep up with; short of; make a right choice; roll up; now and then; give thanks to; in one’s opinion; dress up; play a trick on sb; take in; cut… into pieces; lead a…life

短语：

fit ：可作动词、名词和形容词。主要义项有：合身的衣服，适合，合适的，适合……的。注意： fit 用作名词时常与不定冠词连用；Eg. The coat is a bad fit. 那套外套不合身。用作动词时一般表示衣服的尺寸大小适合某人穿，如表示衣服的款式或颜色适合某人一般用 suit 表示。Eg. This jacket fits me well. 这件夹克很合我的身。

重点

purpose ：常用作名词，有两个义项：（ 1 ）目的（可数名词）；Eg. For what purpose did you go to Africa? 你到非洲去有什么目的。answer/serve one’s purpose 符合需要；carry out a purpose 实现目标（ 2 ）用途，效果（不可数名词）Eg. What’s the main purpose of this building?这栋建筑物的主要用途是什么？注意： on purpose （故意）的反义词为 by chan

ce 或 by accident“ 偶然”。

重点

respect ：可用作名词和动词。复数 respects 的意思是问候，问好，相当于 regards, whishes 。Eg. Children should show respect for their tea

chers. 孩子应该尊敬老师。My mother sends her respects to you. 我母亲向你问好。注意： respect 构成的短语：pay respect to 考虑；并重；with respect to 关于；without respect to 不管；不考虑；in respect of 涉及，关于，在……方面；as respects 就……而言，关于。

重点

take in ：接受 , 接待 , 吸收 , 理解 , 包括 , 轻信 , 注意到 , 欺骗相关归纳：（ 1 ） take along 带……一起去Eg. It’s going to rain; you’d better take along a r

aincoat with you.（ 2 ） take away 拿走Eg. The child was taken away from school. 那孩子不被允许上学了。（ 3 ） take back 取回；归还Eg. I take back what I said.

重点

（ 4 ） take off 除去；脱掉；动身；起飞（ 5 ） take on 雇用，承担，呈现Eg. The manager will take on a new secretary.Don’t take on more work than you can do. 不要接受超过你所能负担的工作量。（ 6 ） take up 拿起；占空间；消耗时间；开始从事；继续Eg. John took up art while at school. 约翰在学校期间开始学习艺术。 I’ll take up the story where I finished yesterday. 我将在昨天结束的地方继续这个故事。

重点

dress up ：盛装 , 打扮 , 装饰 , 伪装相关归纳：（ 1 ） be dressed up in 穿着 （ 2 ） dress down 责骂某人；穿着随便Eg. He dressed down while working in the field.在地里干活时他穿着很随便。注意：表示“穿”的词的比较，可以从表示动作表示状态和所跟宾语三个方面去区别。表示动作的有： put on; try on;表示状态的有 wear; be dressed in; be in; have…o

n; dress 的宾语为“人”，其他动词的宾语均为衣物。

重点

重点send away ：发送 , 派遣 , 驱逐 , 解雇相关归纳：（ 1 ） send out 分发；发出；派出；长出Eg. The sun sends out light and warmth.The trees send out new leaves in spring. （ 2 ） send off 为某人送行 =see sb. off Eg. Many of his friends went to the airport to send him off. （ 3 ） send up 发射；使上升Eg. The good news sent prices up on the market. 这个好消息使物价上涨了。 （ 4 ） send for 派人去叫某人；派人去拿某物Eg. Please keep these things until I send for them. 请替我保存这些东西，等我派人来取。注意： send away 在表示“开除；解雇”时，其同义词为 dis

miss ；反义词为 take on 或 employ“ 雇用”。

必背句型 1. only引导的倒装句型：Eg. Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

2.instead (of) 构成的句型： instead of后面可以跟名词、代词或动名词，同义词为 in place of 。另外， instead 还可以用作副词，表示“代替，而是”的意思。Eg. He will attend the meeting instead of me.I was ill so he went to attend the meeting instead.She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day.

3.each time引导状语从句： each time 相当于连接副词的作用，引导时间状语从句。也可以用 every time 表示。

Eg. Every time I saw him, I was overcome by his brilliance.每次见到他，都为他的聪颖倾倒。另外， the first time, next time, the time, the moment也可以用来引导状语从句。

Eg. Be sure to call on us next time you come to town.下次你进城一定要来看我们。

She rushed into the room immediately/the moment she heard the noise.

必背句型

疑难突破keep up“振作，使不低落”，后跟名词。keep sb. up“ 使……迟睡”比较：stay up“熬夜，不睡觉”。keep up with“赶上，不落后”，侧重于“不被拉下”。catch up with“追赶上”，侧重表示“ 从落后的状态追赶上”

Exercises:(1). _______ your courage/spirits.(2). Go on in front, I’ll soon __________ you.(3). Generally speaking, people in the country can ___________ old customs.(4). It’s wrong to ______ the children ______ so late.(5). Teachers ought to especially care for those who can’t ____________ the class.

Keep upcatch up with

keep up withkeep

up

keep up with

check, examine, test, look upcheck ： v.&n. 着重于核对，查明是否正确。examine ： v. 着重于通过检查这一手段去发现新的东西或情况。有时可与 check换用。test ： v.&n.试验，检验；考验look up ： v.查阅（词典等工具书）以获取有关的信息。

Exercises:(1). I ______ my schoolbag to see if I’ve left the pen.(2). You must do an experiment to ______ what he said.(3). A policeman ________ his bag to see if there were any drugs.(4). When I ________ my shopping list, I found I’d forgotten to buy eggs.(5). You’d better ______ the word in the dictionary if you don’t know how to use it.(6). I can’t see things clearly, I’d like to go to the doctor’s to have my eyes __________.

check

test

examined

checked

look up

examined

非谓语动词（动词不定式和动词 -ing形式 )

1. He has promised to behave better later.2. The boy decided not to become a sailor.3. I hope to go to college. 4. He agreed to help us.5. She chose to study chemistry. 6. He failed to persuade him. 7. Do you wish to eat alone?

promise, decide, hope, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn + to do sth.I.

Eg.

enjoy, finish, keep, mindsuggest, can’t help

e.g 1. 他对听音乐总是兴致勃勃。 He always enjoys listening to music. 2. 我打扫完房间了 I have finished cleaning the room. 3. 你不能像这样老变主意。 You shouldn't keep changing your ideas like this.

+ doing sth.

my cominggoing out

crying

4. Would you mind ____________ with you?5. He suggested ____________ for a walk. 6. I couldn't help _________.

II.

love, hate, forget, remember stop, like, try , mean

+to do sth.doing sth.

1. Mary loves_________________. 2. I hate to________________________. 3. 她忘记寄这封信了。 She forgot ______________________. 4. 我永远忘不了初次寄信的情景。 I'll never forget _________ a letter for the first time.5. I remember _________ her once. = I remember that I ________ ( see )her once.6. Remember __________ me. = I hope you’ll phone me.

reading / to readtrouble / troubling him

to post the letter

III.

postingseeing

saw to phone

他停下来跟我说话。 He stopped _________________. 他停止讲话 He stopped _____________. 他喜欢游泳。 He likes ____________. 我不想打扰你。 I don't like ________________. 她试着写作文。 She tried ____________________.她设法打电话找你。 She tried ____________________我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。I meant ____________________ today, but I forgot.这意味着浪费时间。 This means ________ much time.

to talk with metalking

swimmingto disturb you

writing a compositionto get you on the phone

to give you this book

wasting

4. What did you understand him __________? 你认为他说的是什么意思呢？3. I've known him __________very fast. 我听说他跑得比较快。2. Get him _________ a doctor. 劝他去找医生看看。

IV. ask, tell, get, wish , want, teach, know, understand

1. I asked him _________here early.

+ sb. to do sth.

to come

to see

to run

to say

make, have , let , see, watch, hear, feel , notice

+ sb. do sth.

e.g I can't make the horse go. 我无法使这匹马走动。 I won‘t have ( 允许，容许 ) you say such things. 我可不许你说这样的话。 My mother wouldn't let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。 Did you notice him leave the house? 你看到他离开房间了吗？ I often hear him sing the song.

Sb. + be done + to do sth. e.g He is often heard __________ the song.

They were made __________ day and night.

V.

to singto work

Ⅵ.

be +

happy, glad, pleased angry, sorry, luckyslow, quick, careful ready, nice

+ to do sth.

e.g I am sorry to hear that. He is wrong to say so.I was very lucky to get a copy so cheap.“ 我这么便宜地买到一本 ,真是幸运极了。 ** quick to learn sth. ** 学某事学得快Be careful not to fall off the ladder.当心别从梯子上掉下来。He is ready to help . 愿意帮忙

Ⅶ.

e.g I found it very important to learn English well.

I feel it my duty to do so.

think, make, find, feel + it + adj. / n + to do sth.

= I found that __ ____very important to learn English well.it was

== I feel that ____ ___my duty to do so.it is

It is kind ______ you to help me. = You are kind to help me.

It’s +

e.g It is hard _____ you to do it well . = For you to do it well is hard.

+ ( for + sb. ) + to do sth.It’s +difficult, hard, easy,possible, impossibleimportant,

+ ( of + sb. ) + to do sth.

clever,wise, kind,good, right, nicewrong, bad, cruel silly, stupid, foolish careful, careless

Ⅷ .

for

of

It’s clever ______ him to say so.

It is impossible ______ you to finish it.

It was wrong ______ you to tell a lie.

It was careless _______ you to make so many mistakes in the exam.

It is silly _______ her to do such a thing.

It is important ______ you to learn English well.

of

for

of

of

of

for

e.g

Ⅸ . e.g They had no room to live _______. The pen is very good to write _______. The chair is nice to sit ______ .

what / where / when / how / why + to do sth.

e.g How to do it is still a question. Have you decided when to hold the party ?

in with

on

Ⅹ .

1. ___ in the United States, St. Louis has now become the 24th largest city.

A. The fourth largest city it was B. Once the fourth largest city C. Being the fourth largest city D. It was once the fourth largest city

2. ____ what the teacher taught, she decided to stay behind to go on with her lessons after school.

A. Not understanding B. She didn’t understand C. Not having understood D. Having not understood

B

C

3. --- My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.

--- Now that he was’t well prepared, he might as well _____.

A. not try B. not to have tried C. not have tried D. not to try

4. There were lots of people standing watching, yet none of them _____.

A. offered to help B. offered helping C. was offered to help D. was offering help

5. --- Will the two companies merge? --- It remains _____. A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. to be seen

C

A

D

It remains to be seen. 尚待分晓。

remain + to + be + done 尚待

6. ____ into many languages, I believe his book will soon become ____ best-seller all over the world.

A. When it is translated; a B. When it translating; the C. Having been translated; a D. Translated; the

7. A middle-aged woman came ___ to the bus stop only ___ the bus had gone.

A. to run; to find B. running; to find C. and ran; finding D. running;

finding

8. I don’t know ___ to go for my college education, Shanghai or Beijing?

A. where B. how C. what D. when

A

B

A

9. The foreign friends you referred to ____ looking forward to ___ around our university. A. are; being shown B. being; being shown C. being; showing D. are; be shown

10. He called the police for help, ___ that the problem was more than he could deal with. A. having been realized B. to realize C. realized D. realizing

11. The policeman came up to the lonely house, whose door was open, ___ there for a while, and then entered it. A. to stand B. stand C. stood D. standing

A

D

C

12. Mr Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had ___ was nowhere to be seen. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired13. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had ___ the patient who received a serious wound.A. treat B. to treat C. treating D. treated14. --- You have made great progress in your studies of English, haven’t you? --- Yes, but much ____.A. remains to do B. is remained to doC. remains to be done D. is remained to be done

C

C

C

16. I’ m examining the composition he has just finished ___ the possible mistakes in it. A. to correct B. correct C. corrected D. correcting 17. That’s the best way we should think of ___ the dying soldier.A. helping B. saving C. operating D. to save

18. We should prevent pollution ____ happily. A. from living B. to live C. living D. to living

19. A computer does only what thinking people ___. A. have it done B. have it do C. have done it D. to have it do

A

D

B

B

20. The programme was so ___ that the children kept their eyes ____on the screen. A. exciting; fixed B. exciting; fixing C. excited; fixed D. excited; fixing21. --- Why did you come a long way round? --- I was afraid ___ near the fierce dog because I was afraid ___. A. of walking; to be bitten B. to walk; of being bitten C. to walk; to be bitten D. of walking; of being bitten22. I still remember you, as a student, ___ sweetly. A. sung B. to sing C. sing D. singing

A

B

D

be afraid to do sth.害怕，不敢做某事be afraid of doing sth. 担心，惟恐做某事

23. When he was a boy, he used to go there and watched ____. A. bicycles repaired B. bicycles to be repaired C. bicycles being repaired D. to repair bicycles

24. Entering the room, I found Mary ___ at the desk and ___ a letter. A. seated; wrote B. sitting; written C. seating; writing D. seated; writing

25. --- I thought Jack was going to join the Air Force. --- Didn’t you hear he failed ___ the medical examination? A. to pass B. passing C. in passing D. to have passed

C

D

A

seated 习惯上用于作表语与宾补 He was seated at the desk.

seat 常用作被动语态

fail + to do 表示“没有能够”，“没有”

26. Seeing the soldiers well ___ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.

A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. to prepare

27. Closing the factory means ___ more workers out of work.

A. to put B. put C. putting D. being put

28. How about the two of us ___ a walk down the garden?

A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking

29. Little Jim should love ___ to the theatre this evening.

A. to be taken B. to take B. C. being taken D. taking

C

C

C

A

be preparing for 表动作，“正为…做好准备” ; be prepared for 表状态，“准备好…”

30. --- Why isn’t Jack made to do the experiment? --- Maybe he is ___ experience. A. considering lacking B. considered lacking C. considered to lack D. considering to lack

31. I was make to write a letter in English, but I don’t know ___. A. what to write about B. how to begin with C. how to write about D. what to begin

32. --- What did you hear last night? --- I seemed __ someone knock at the door. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to have heard D. having heard

33. It is worth much ___ is worth doing. A. doing it B. what to do C. do what D. to do what

C

A

C

D

34. I’m sorry I missed ___ you while I was Beijing last month. A. to see B. seeing C. to have seen D. having seen

35. Rather than ___ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ___ a bicycle. A. riding; ride B. ride; to ride C. to ride; to ride D. riding; riding

36. Every minute must be made full use of ___ our lessons, for the college entrance examination is coming. A. going over B. to go over C. go over D. our going over

B

B

B

37.____ a boy of ten, he started working to support himself.

A. Being B. When still C. Because of D. While

38. What do you imagine ___ to her? A. happening B. having happened C. has happened D. to have happened 39. The day we look forward to ____ at last. A. come B. coming C. came D. to come

40. There’s always the chance ___ the weak ___ the strong.

A. of; defeating B. about; defeating C. of; winning D. of; to defeat

B

C

C

A

41. She is looking forward as much to his return as he himself to ___ her. A. have seen B. seeing C. see D. be seen

42. There are ten waiting rooms at the newly-built station,____ in all 20,000 people.A. seating B. seated C. sitting D. to seating

43. “If”, he added, “___ enough time,I would certainly have done it better.” A. to give B. I was given C. given D. to be given

44. There is ___ what the weather will be like tomorrow. A. no knowing B. not known C. not knowing D. no known

B

A

C

A

45. --- Can’t you take a few days off from work to go with me to New York?

--- Sure. ___ my way and I’ll be glad to. A. Pay B. To pay C. If you pay D. Paying46. ___ the answer, Tom who asked the

question, still stood with his hand ____. A. Giving; raised B. Given; raised C. Given; risen D. Giving; rising

47. --- Would you do me a favor? --- I regret ___ I’m busy just now? A. to say B. saying C. having said D. to have said

48. I have no one ___ me, for I am a new comer here.

A. help B. helping C. to help D. to have helped

A

B

A

C

49. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ____ “Sorry to miss you, we’ll call you later.”

A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading

50. The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

51. I would appreciate ___ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you’re calling

52. The salesman scolded the girl caught ___ and let her off.

A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing

D

C

C

D