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Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #1 an overview

By Rajesh Shanbhagon 09/05/2012 5Comments

Overview

In SAP COPA, you can use summarisation level as one of the key measure to improve processing time of reporting, planning and assessments.This will also lead to better system performance.Transaction processing within COPA, initially, reads data from summarisation tables and then from segment tables and then from line itemtables. By building summarisation levels (in COPA) tailored for specific transactional processes that involve large volumes of data or largeprocessing times, you can significantly reduce those processing times and improve the performance of the system.In this blog, I will provide an overview of summarisation in Profitability Analysis (COPA) in SAP. I will detail what is summarisation, thetechnical architecture of summarisation, and why they are important in improving and optimising performance of your SAP system.

Blogs on summarisation

To identify this series of blog, I have categorised the blogs under SAP > COPA Summarisation. If you have questions/ comments/ suggestions, please send

me your comments in the form below. Sharing your questions and experience using comment box below will help other readers to gain additionalknowledge involved in this functionality.

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#1 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #1 an overview (2012/05/09)

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#2 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #2 define your summarisation level (2012/05/16)

#3 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #3 build your summarisation level (2012/05/23)

#4 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #4 Tips to optimise your summarisation level (2012/05/30)

Assumptions for this blog

I will assume you are aware of SAP Profitability Analysis module and its functionality and semantics. Operating concern ID used in these blogs is V000.

Technical Architecture of tables in SAP COPA

Standard SAP COPA data tables can be grouped into:

Line item tables: holds detailed record of all documents posted in SAP COPASegment Level/ Table: holds data in a summarised form

For the purpose of this blog, I will not mention the other tables related to realignments, assessments, account assignments etc

Line item tables

Data is stored in SAP COPA in line item tables. These tables (along with other related tables) store all information at the most detailed level for each recordcreated in SAP. In SAP COPA, CE1V000 (where V000 is the Operating Concern ID) is the line item table for actual line items. CE2V000 is the line itemtable for plan line items.Line item tables are accessed as follows:

To WRITE data: Each time a document is posted in COPA, the record(s) is written into the line item table with a timestamp.To READ data: Line items are read for various reasons reports, call-up display, and summarisation, for processing transactions in SAP COPA.
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Segment Level/ Table

Segment level/ table in SAP COPA provide real time summarisation of line item data.

Segment Table CE4V000: This table stores all dimension or characteristic values of a COPA posting against a unique profitability segment.Segment Level CE3V000: This table stores a summary or an aggregate of values in Value Fields by its Profitability Segment.

Segment level/ table are accessed as follows:

To WRITE data: When a record is written into the line item table, SAP COPA determines the Profitability Segment for that combination ofcharacteristic values. To do so, it reads the Segment Table and determines an existing Profitability Segment. If it cannot find an existing ProfitabilitySegment, it INSERTs or writes a new Profitability Segment for that combination of characteristic values.READ: Segment Table is read for various reasons reports, call-up display, and summarisation, for processing transactions in SAP COPA.
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Data volumes in COPA

For certain transactions like reporting and assessments, SAP first access the Segment Level/ Table to extract data. If it cannot find data in the segment table,it will read the line item table. The segment table has combination of all characteristics posted in COPA however you could have incorrectly orintentionally built a report or an assessment cycle that reads or posts to a combination that does not exist in Segment Table. In such a scenario, SAP COPAwill read the line item table to search for relevant data.

It is very important that SAP COPA processing does not read line item table because these tables can be massive in size and reading line item tables couldlead to long runtimes and impact performance of the system.

The size of the segment table will depend on the number of Characteristics (custom, technical or.) and Value Fields created in your COPA design. As an

example, an Operating Concern with 10 characteristics and 10 characteristic values each could yield, in theory, ?10?^10 combinations of ProfitabilitySegments.

However, the actual number will be far smaller because any given organisation would not (for example) sell every product to every customer from everyplant in every company code. But it is important to understand the concept the more the number of characteristics and value fields, the larger the size ofsegment tables, and the slower the performance of COPA.

Balancing the requirements from business for more characteristics and value fields with the requirement to maintain consistent and good performance ofCOPA is a fine balancing act and will require tact and diplomacy.

How is data written in SAP COPA (without summarisation)

When a record is posted by the user in COPA, the system:

Reads the Segment Level/ Table to determine the profitability segment. The read is a sequential read. Hence, the larger the size of the table, the longerit would take to find the profitability segment.If it finds the Profitability Segment, it updates the record with all its details in the Line Item table and updates summarised record in the SegmentLevelIf it does not find the Profitability Segment,

it will create a new Profitability Segmentupdate the record with all its details in the Line Item table andupdate the summarised record in the Segment Level

How is data read in SAP COPA (without summarisation)

SAP first accesses the Segment Level/ Table to read data. If it cannot find data in the segment table, it reads the line item table.

It is very important that SAP COPA processing does not read line item table because these tables can be massive in size and reading line item tables couldlead to long runtimes and thereby impact performance of the system.
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Summarisation

Summarisation represents another level of summary tables similar to the Segment Table. Summarisation is custom-built for SAP customer requirements andhence can be specifically used to improve performance of data processing in SAP COPA.

Every summarization level consists of two tables the key table and the summary table:

the key table corresponds to the segment table and contains only those characteristics that were selected for the summarization level, plus theplan/actual indicator and plan version

the summary table contains the transaction-specific characteristics like Period, Fiscal year and Record type, plus the value fields and quantity unitfields.

Summarization levels that are active and contain data are automatically used for the functions:

Assessment of cost center costs to CO-PADrill-down reportingPlanningTransfer data from SOP

SAP clients can define summarisation level with the characteristic values they want summarised. In our example, the client wants a product profitabilityreport by plant. In this report, customer information is not required. In this scenario, create a summarisation level for product, plant as the characteristics.SAP will summarise data for these two characteristics.
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How is data read in SAP COPA (with summarisation)

SAP first accesses the Summarisation Tables to read data. If it cannot find data in the Summarisation Tables, it reads the Segment Table and then the LineItem Table.

Technical Architecture of tables in SAP COPA (with summarisation

level)

Summarisation level now represents the smaller set of summarised data.
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Conclusion

Summarisation provides immediate benefit of improved performance because reports and certain transactions in SAP COPA will read data fromsummarisation tables instead of segment table or line item table.

However, SAP COPA will read summarisation tables only if the summarisation level is optimised for that transaction. If it is not so optimised, it will readthe segment table or even the line item table. It is very critical that summarisation levels are defined with precision and care. You should executetransactions in pilot or test mode and optimise the summarisation level till you are sure that the system reads only the summarisation level.

The next blog will see how summarisation levels are defined how summarisation levels are built with data and how summarisation levels can be optimised.

Please Share

I hope this blog has helped you understand the design of summarisation levels in SAP COPA. Please do leave your comments below whether this articlewas helpful and whether you have any suggestions/ comments or if you would like to share your experience with Summarisation levels.

I strongly recommend you share this blog with your network using one of the social media icons at the top or bottom of this page.
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Blogged: Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #1 an overview

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3:23 AM - 9 May 2012

Rajesh Shanbhag@rshanbhag

Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #1 an overview

Overview In SAP COPA, you can use summa risation level as one

of the key measure to improve processing time of reporting,

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Index of my blogs on SAP COPA Summarisation (not all published yet)

#1 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #1 an overview (2012/05/09)#2 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #2 define your summarisation level (2012/05/16)#3 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #3 build your summarisation level (2012/05/23)#4 Summarisation levels in SAP COPA #4 Tips to optimise your summarisation level (2012/05/30)

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Rajesh has optimised SAP Finance solutions for several customers. Rajesh has 12 years experience implementing SAP / IT / BPM Finance solutions forseveral customers globally with a strong focus on Management Accounting and Reporting primarily Product Costing, Profitability Reporting and Materialledger (Transfer Pricing, Actual Costing). He also has 7 years experience working in the business in Finance and Accounting functions. His business

process knowledge combined with his IT expertise enables him to provide his customers with best-of-breed advice on business process / IT implementations.

Categories : COPA SummarisationTags : Account based COPA, Architecture of COPA, COPA summarisation, COPA Summarisation levels, Costing based COPA, linkedin, operating

concern, Profitability analysis sap, SAP, SAP CO-PA, SAP COPA, SAP COPA Overview, Segment Table, summarisation levels

Comments

1. idreddysays:01/10/2012 at 2:55 am

Good and clearly explained.

Reply

2. Meysays:01/02/2013 at 2:31 am

Good blog..Simple and Straight-forward..keep up the good work

Reply

3. Mustafasays:12/03/2013 at 5:15 pm

Great Work Sir. Am happy I came across your blog thanks and keep up the good work.

Reply

4. Rajsays:27/04/2013 at 4:08 am

Excellent blog.it was truely consice.

Reply

5. Manojsays:25/01/2014 at 9:20 pm

It is fantastic which give the holestic view of the COPA

Reply
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