Classifying Chemical Reactions

It may seem like there are many different ways that chemicals can react!

· In fact, chemists have determined that are FOUR main ways that chemicals interact

· Synthesis· Decomposition· Single Displacement· Double Displacement

Four main types of reactions:

We will also learn about Combustion of a Hydrocarbon

Synthesis Reactions:

A + B AB

· Example:

2Mg + O2 2MgO

Two elements combine to form a compound or two small compounds form a larger compound

Decomposition Reactions:

A larger compound breaks down into two elements or two smaller compounds.

AB A + B

· Example:

2H2O 2H2 + O2

Try These!! Classify each of the following reactions as synthesis or decomposition reactions.

1) 2H2 + O2 2H2O ____________________

2) Na2CO3 Na2O +CO2 _____________________

3) Hydrogen Peroxide Water + Oxygen Gas __________________ 4) Sodium + Chlorine gas Sodium Chloride __________________

Synthesis

Decomposition

Decomposition

Synthesis

Single Displacement Reactions:

An element takes the place of another element in a compound.

A + BC AC + B

· Example:

Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

Zinc has “kicked out” the hydrogen!

Another way to think of this!...

One partner in a dancing couple gets “bumped out” by a stronger dancer!

Penguin “bumps out” mouse to dance with monkey!

Double Displacement Reactions:

Elements in different compounds switch places.

AB + CD CB + AD

· Example: NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl +NaNO3

Sodium and silver have switched places!

Two dancing couples switch partners!

+ +

Switch places

Five Major Chemical Reactions

YouTube Video

4) Al + Fe(NO3)3 Al(NO3)3 + Fe ______________________

3) 2KCl + Pb(NO3)2 2KNO3 + PbCl2 ______________________

2) CuNO3 + KCl KNO3 + CuCl ______________________

Try these!!: Classify each of the following reactions as single or double displacement reactions.

Single displacement

Double displacement

Double displacement

Single displacement

1) Zn + AgNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + Ag _____________________

·Combustion: when a fuel reacts with oxygen releasing heat · Clean combustion produces: CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER

Combustion of a Hydrocarbon Fuel

·Example: CH4 + O2 CO2+ 2H2O (methane)

1) Types of Chemical Reactions Chart

2) Worksheet: Types of Chemical Reactions

Assignment: