Think back to Global I. Write three things we remember about the history or geography of India.

• What is a subcontinent?

• India a diverse region – lots of natural resources

• Spices valuable in the Middle Ages

• During Industrial Revolution, tea, coffee, cotton some of the valuable resources

• British company that takes control of India

• Start by taking ports, control entire region by 1757

• Main goal – make money– They will use a lot of

different methods to accomplish this goal

India was one of the most diverse places in world in 1800’sMuslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, other

religionsHundreds of different tribes and languagesHow could the East India Company use this

to their advantage? Divide and conquer – get groups to fight

each other, so they can’t unite and fight against you

• Why would England spend money improving infrastructure of India?

• Railroads – England built thousands of miles of them – 3rd largest rail system in the world in 1850– Also built roads and

telegraph lines– India modernized in many

ways by the British (education)

• What’s the problem with this?

• Having full-time British army in India was expensive

• What other options did East India Company have?

• Sepoys – Indian soldiers that served in East India Company – both Hindu and Muslim

• “Mutiny among the Sepoys is the most formidable danger menacing our Indian Empire” – British General Napier

• New rifle given to Sepoys

• More accurate, easier to load

• Sepoys had to bite off ends of cartridges to load bullets

• Cartridges were loaded with grease– Rumor was the grease

was pig and cow fat– Why would this be a

problem to Muslim and Hindu soldiers?

• Sepoy soldiers upset about the Enfield Rifle and British control of India begin attacking anything representing British– Soldiers, families,

railroads, etc.• British respond brutally,

kill many Sepoys, even those not involved– Went on for a year

• What causes it?

• Effects– British take direct control of India – no more

East India Company– Called The Raj– British much more racist, controlling than

before mutiny