英语课件 牛津版 高二 模块七 unit 4. unit 4 public transport reading the first...
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英语课件
牛津版高二 模块
七Unit 4
Unit 4 Public transport
Reading
The first underground
in the world
Have you ever read any brochures
from a tourist agency?
Lead in
brochures
What do you think would be included
in a tourist brochure?
What might be included in a brochure
about the first underground in the
world?
The first underground in the world
2. What did Charles Holden do?
He designed the most famous of the
new stations constructed between 1918
and 1938.
1. When was the first underground
system opened?In 1863.
3. Why was the Victoria Line important?
It was important because it was linked
with other lines at almost every station,
helping make the system more user-
friendly.
Read again and answer.
1. Why was an underground system first
developed in London?
Most railway tracks did not go into the
London city centre, so buses, trams,
cabs and carriages were required. The
number of vehicles on the road caused
unbelievable traffic jams.
2. What was the London Underground
like in 1863?
The tunnels were just beneath the
surface of the ground. The carriages
did not have windows and were
pulled by steam engines through the
narrow tunnels.
3. What did Charles Yerkes do to improve
the underground system?
He obtained ownership of the many
different lines and set up the
Underground Electric Railways
Company of London.
4. What unusual uses did the tube have
during World War ?Ⅱ
During World War , the tube was Ⅱ
used as a bomb shelter, an airplane
factory, a centre for directing the
defence against air attacks and meeting
rooms for the government
administration .
5. What happened to the London
Underground after World War ?Ⅱ
After World War , the Ⅱ
underground system was enlarged
and more lines were added because
more people travelled on the
underground.
6. What does it mean when the brochure
says that the underground system is
user-friendly?
It means it is very convenient for
passengers to go to different places in
the city from any station.
The following years indicate the
important stages in the development
of the London Underground. Find
the information to match the years.
Date Event
1854
1863
1868
An underground railway was
decided to be built.
The first tunnels were opened.
The next section of the underground
system was opened.
1884
1890
1933
The underground service was
provided in the middle of the city.
The first railway tunnel under the
River Thames was dug.
The first electric underground
railway was opened.
The London Passenger Transport Board was created.
1918—
1938
1979
More new stations were constructed.
The Jubilee Line was opened.
How many parts can the passage be
divided into? What does each part focus
on?Part Para (s) Main idea
Part 1 Para_________ why the first
underground in the
world was developed.
1
Reasons
Part 2 Paras
___
_____________ of the first
underground system
before the Second World
War
Part 3 Para
__
Some ___________ of the
first underground system
during the Second World
War
2-4
5
Developments
unusual uses
Part 4Paras
____
_________ and
_________ of the first
underground system.
6-7
Expansion
popularity
Reading a tourist brochure
What are the main features of a
brochure?
1. Dates/years in chronological order
2. Sometimes persons who have made
great contributions
3. Some historical events that have
influences
Role-play
One act as a guide and the rest as tourists.
Ask and answer questions about the first
underground in the world.
What is your impression of the London
underground? Please use your own words
to give a description.
User-friendly
Complex
Old
Convenient
Work in groups and discuss.
1. Is there an underground system in
your city/town? If there is , do you
know its history? If there isn’t any,
do you think you need one?
2. What other transport systems are
there in your city/town?
3. Why are good transport systems
important?
Match the new words/ expressions with
the correct meanings.
the Answers of Section D :
1. ____ 2. ____ 3. _____ 4. _____
5. ____ 6. ____ 7. _____
d e
b
f c
g a
Complete the e-mail in Part E.
Answers:
1. __________ 2. _______
3. __________ 4. _______
5. __________ 6. _______
7. ___________
undertook
postponed section
tunnels
enlarged convey
user-friendly
Language points
1. It has the distinction of being the oldest
and most complex underground system
in the world. (L2)
complex adj. 复杂的,费解的e.g. It was a complex problem.
Life is getting more complex and
difficult.
2. In 1884, the Metropolitan Railway
Company and the Metropolitan
District Railway linked up and
provided the underground service
in the middle of the city. (L20)
link up: to connect/ to join
e.g. 1) The two islands will be linked up
by a bridge.
2) If you link up the pieces of
information, you will be clearer
about what has really happened.
provide v. to give something to somebody
e.g. 1) The hotel provides a shoe-cleaning
service for guests.
2) Have you heard of the project
designed to provide young people
with work/provide work for young
people.
3. These new ways of digging accelerated
the pace of the London Underground’s
development. (L27)
accelerate v. 加速,促进e.g. The conference accelerated the pace
of educational reforms.
这次会议加快了教育改革的步伐。
4. ___________ (see) the situation, a
wealthy American businessman, Charles
Yerkes, undertook improving the system
in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the
many different lines and setting up the
Underground Electric Railways
Company of London. (L33)
Having seen
by: by means of
e.g. Alice left her keys at home. She had
managed to get into her room by
climbing through the window.
He has improved his violin-playing
skills by practising every day.
他通过每天练习提高了他拉小提琴 的技能。
5. …, the Metropolitan Line and all the
different bus and train lines were
placed under the authority of the
Board. (L38)
place v. to be in a state or situation
1) She placed a tape recorder in front of
her on the table.
2) His uncooperative attitude placed us
in an embarrassing situation.
3) This job places great demands on the
workers, which can be quite stressful.
6. When London was bombed, many
underground stations functioned as
bomb shelters. (L43)
function as: serve as
e.g. This big room functions as a meeting
room. 这个大房间用作会议室。
1. However, most trains to London only
went to the outer city limits, because
building railway tracks into the city
would have caused damaged many old
buildings. (P50)
难句解析
句子结构分析:在这个复合句中, most
trains to London only went to the outer
city limits 是主句; because building
railway tracks into the city would have
damaged many old buildings 是原因状语从句。 to London 和 to the outer city
都为介词短语作定语,分别修饰 trains
和 railway tracks 。
2. Unfortunately, the number
of vehicles on the road caused
unbelievable traffic jams, and the
roads became so busy that no one
could travel anywhere.
(P50)
句子结构分析:此句为 and 连接起来的并列句。第一个分句为一个简单句;第二个分句为结果状语主从复合句 , the
roads became so busy 是主句 , that no
one could travel anywhere 是结果状语从句。
3. Travelling on these lines was not
convenient, though, as each line was
possessed by a different company, and
many were very far from each other.
(P50)
1) 句子结构分析: Travelling on these
lines was not convenient, though 为主句,as each line was possessed by a different
company, and many were very far from
each other 为原因状语从句;状语从句又为由 and 连接的两个并列句。
2) 语言知识分析:Travelling on these lines was inconvenient,
though 意为“然而,搭乘这些线路很不方便”,句子中的 though 为副词,意为“可是,不过,然而”,常被置于句中或句末。
4. Having seen the situation, a wealthy
American businessman, Charles Yerkes,
undertook improving the system in 1902
by obtaining ownership of the many
different lines and setting up the
Underground Electric Railways
Company of London. (P51)
1) 句子结构分析:此句虽然很长,但实际上是一个简单句。主干为 a wealthy
American businessman undertook
improving the system 。句首的 Having
seen the situation 为 V-ing 短语作状语;Charles Yerkes 为 a wealthy American
businessman 的同位语;后面的 by
obtaining ownership ... 是方式状语。
2 ) 语言知识分析:Having seen the situation 意为“看到这种情况”。一般说来, V-ing 形式作状语时,逻辑主语为主句的主语,用完成式表示其动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前。
5. A new line was used as an
underground airplane factory, an
underground station was used as a centre
for directing the defence against air
attacks, and the station nearest the Prime
Minister’s house was used by the Prime
Minister as meeting rooms for the
administration of government. (P51)
句子结构分析:此句为 and 连接起来的三个并列句。第一个分句为 A new line was used as an
underground airplane factory ;第二个分句为 an underground station was used
as a centre for directing the defence
against air attacks ;
第三个分句为 : the station nearest
the Prime Minister’s house was
used by the Prime Minister as
meeting rooms for the government
administration 。
考点考例1. Unfortunately, the number
of vehicles on the road caused
unbelievable traffic jams, and the
roads became so busy that no one
could travel anywhere. ( P50 )[ 考点 ] so ... that 引导结果状语从句
[ 考例 ]
_____ homework did we have to do
that we had no time to take a rest.
(福建 2006 )A. So much B. Too much
C. Too little D. So little
选 A 。 so ... that ... 为习惯性搭配,且“ so + 形容词”开头的句子要倒装。句意为:有那么多的家庭作业要做,我们没有时间休息。
2. Travelling on these lines was not
convenient, though, as each line was
possessed by a different company,
and many were very far from each
other. ( P50 )[ 考点 ] as 引导原因状语从句
[ 考例 ]
Jenny was very sad over the loss of the
photos she had shot at Canada, _____
this was a memory she especially
treasured. (广东 2006 ) A. as B. if C. when D. where
选 A 。句意为:珍妮因为丢了在加拿大拍的照片感到很伤心,因为这是她特别珍惜的一段记忆,用 as 。其他三项都不表示原因。
3. So, why not take a trip on the
oldest underground system today?
( P51 ) [ 考点 ] why not ... 句型
[ 考例 ]
—It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—___ her this weekend? (2007 全国卷I)
A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit
C. Why not visiting D. Why don’t visit
选 A 。 why not do sth. 和 why don’t
you do sth. 两种习惯性的表达方式可
用来提出建议。
根据句子及所给单词的首字母或汉语注释 , 写出各单词的正确形式 ( 每空限填一词 ) 。1. I used to go to work by u__________
when I was in London.
2. Sometimes, travelling on this line is
very not c__________. So you should go
by car.
nderground
onvenient
3. Many caves in the mountains
f________ as bomb shelters during the
war.
4. A d______ journey tests the strength
of a horse and a long task proves the
character of a man.
unctioned
istant
5. How did you celebrate your 50th
wedding a__________?
6. The river is the b_________ between
the two countries.
7. OK, if your order is over 500 tons, we
can give you a d______ of 3 percent.
nniversary
oundary
iscount
8. Mr. Smith was careful — as we realized
later — to talk to each of us __________
( 单独地 ).
9. He devotes his time to the __________
( 获得 ) of knowledge.
separately
acquisition
10. The _________ ( 扩大 ) of the factory
means the employment of sixty extra
workers.
11. You can __________ ( 运输 ) goods
from one place to another by train,
lorry, or ship.
expansion
transport