高 二 英 语(下 )

Unit Fifteen

Destinations

授课教师：黄 长 泰

Unit 15 DestinationsGrammar

A Revision of Nonfinite Verbs

过去分词

不定式

V.-ing 形式非谓语动词

高考题

巩固 题 1

巩固 题 2

不定式的作用

不定式的时态和语态

不定式的否定形式

不定式

不定式

1.作状语

2.作定语

3.作表语

4.作补语

过去分词

不定式

[ 例 1] NMET 2000 第 19 题I’ve work with children before, so I know what ___ in my job.

A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects

B

该题考查疑问 +不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tell, discuss, know, show, learn,

decide, wonder, explain…

不定式的作用

[ 例 2] NMET 1999 第 21 题

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ____ it more difficult.

A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make.B

不定式

因为主语是 the purpose ，在（ purpose, wish, promise, plan ）后常跟不定式，故表语要用不定式， to 不能省略，因此构成 the purpose is to…not to…do 句型，故选 B 。

不定式的作用

[ 例 3] NMET 1997 第 12 题I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. having gone C. going D. to have gone

D

该题考查动词不定式做宾语的 用法。 would love(like) to 是固定搭配，因此 B 、 C 、不合题意。 Would love + 不定式一般式，表示“想，希望”，而接不定式完成式则表示“原本希望而未曾实现”的意思。

不定式的时态和语态

[ 例 4] NMET 2002 第 14 题

Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the oldcouple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it. (2002) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen

It was the first such project to be designed by Chinese engineers.

The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be rather difficult.

B

不定式的语态取决于它和主语以及被它修饰的词的逻辑关系 , 被动关系用被动 .

[ 例 5] NMET 1996 年

The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation.A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eat

C

该题考查不定式的否定式作主补。要注意 warn后跟词方式 , warn sb. not to do sth. warn sb. ① ②against doing sth. 该题应该用①结构另外， not 应放在 to 之前。在大多数的动词可接不定式短语做宾补，只有少数动词（五个看 see,watch,notice, observe,look at ；三使役 make,let, have; 二听 listen to,hear 等）须接不带 to 的不定式做宾补。

不定式的否定形式

过去分词

1. 作状语[ 例 1] NMET1996 第 23 题

___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose

C

1. 该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词 -ing 或过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是主语。

2.“ 陷入深思”有两种表达法， A.Lose oneself in thought B.be lost in thought, 按句子提供的语境可用结构 B.

解析

过去分词主要考查其在句中作状语、定语、表语和补语的用法。

2. 作定语[ 例 2] NMET1997 第 17 题

The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing

A

① 过去 分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去 分词表示的动作以完成。② 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主 谓关系。③ 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 所以 A 是正确的。 First played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.

解析

3. 作表语[ 例 3] NMET1998 第 23 题Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.

A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay

C

该题考查分词作表语的用法。“ to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.

解析

4.作补语

该题考查过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。 the plan 与 carry out 的关系是被动关系。 see sth. done 这结构常见的还有 watch (notice, observe,have 和 make) sth. done.

[ 例 4] NMET2000 第 22 题The managers discussed the plan that they would like

to see ___ the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying out

C. carried out D. to carry out

C

解析

V.-ing 形式

[ 例 ] NMET1998

European football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world.

A. making B. makes C. made D. to make

A

v.-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语和状语的用法

Making it the popular sport in the world 为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面 ,ing 表示顺其自然，不定式表示突然，出乎意料。

解析

His parents died, leaving him an orphan.He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed.

1. Friendship is like money: easier made than ____ .

(‘03 上海春 )

A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D.being kept

2. ___ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of

encouragement ． (‘03 上海春 ) A. The president will attend

B. The president to attend

C. The president attended

D. The president's attending

A

D

3. Unless ___ to speak, you should remain

silent at the conference ． A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited (‘03 上春 )

4. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ____ in making the earth a better place to live. (‘03 上海春 )

A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

A

B

5. How about the two of us ___ a walk down the

garden? (MET93 17)

A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 6. ___ down the radio---the baby’s asleep in the next

room. (MET93 24) A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn

7. Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the

first computer. (MET93 34)

A. to invent B. inventing

C. to have invented D. having invented

C

A

C

8. ---I must apologize for ___ ahead of time. ---That’s all right. (MET94 21)

A. letting you not know B. not letting you know

C. letting you know not D. letting not you know

9. Rather than ___ on a crowded bus, he always

prefers ____ a bicycle. (NMET94 22)

A. ride; ride B. riding; ride

C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding

B

C

10. The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river.

A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play

11. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign

language came out in the 16th century. (NMET94 34) A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written12. ---You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting. --- Well, now I regret ____ that. (NMET95 26) A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done

A

D

D

13. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,

but his mother told him_____. (NMET95 35)

A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to

14. ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---____ her new bicycle. (97 上海 13)

A. As she lost B. Lost

C. Losing D. Because of losing

A

C

15. She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making

a cake. (97 上海 12) A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned

16. She looks forward every spring to ____ the flower-lined

garden. (95 上海 20) A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in

17. While shopping, people sometime can’t help ____ into

buying something they don’t really need. A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded

A

D

C

18. The purpose of new technologies is to make life

easier, ____ it more difficult. (NMET99 21)

A. not make B. not to make

C. not making D. do not make19. A computer does only what thinking people _____.

A. have it do B. have it done

C. have done it D. having it done

20. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to

the door ____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading

B

A

D

1. He gave us some advice on how ____ English. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learn2. It ’s a pay day, and they are waiting ____. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to be paid

3. ---A letter may be too slow.

---Why not ____ a telegram.

A. try sending B. try to send

C. to try sending D. trying to send

More to do

C

D

A

5. Mrs. Smith warned her husband ____ after drinking

again and again.

A. never to drive B. to never drive

C. never driving D. never drive

4. Our father often told us in the past that ____ is

believing.

A. to see B. seeing C. see D. to be seen

B

A

6. To master a foreign language, ____.

A. a lot of practice is needed

B. it needs a lot of practice

C. practice is in need of

D. one needs a lot of practice

D

1. Doing nothing is doing ill.

2. Slow down for children crossing the street.

3. When you hang wet clothes near a fire, you will see steam rising from them.

4. Not knowing much English, I found it hard to understand them.

主语 表语

定语

宾语补足语

原因状语

Exercise 1 on page 38

5. While walking along the shore, we saw

that the water was very dirty.

6. Playing tricks on others is something we

should never do.

7. Babies like tearing paper into pieces.

8. They left the café, talking and laughing loudly.

时间状语

主语

宾语

伴随状语

Ex2. on page 38 Rewrite the following

sentences after the examples.

1. He was very brave. He went into the

cave alone to look for his friend.

Being very brave, he went into the cave

lone to look for his friend.

2. When was quite ill. She could not visit h

er friend in England.

→ Being quite ill, she could not visit her

friend in England.

3. He is and experienced traveller. He kn

ows how to plan a trip.

→ Being an experienced traveller, he k

nows how to plan a trip.

4. The girls who are attending the sick all

come from the countryside.

→ The girls attending the sick all come

from the countryside.

5. When hw heard the music, he began to

miss his hometown.

→ Hearing the music, he began to miss

his hometown.

6. When they saw the flame on top of the

mountain, they knew that another war

would begin soon.

→ Seeing the flame on top of the

mountain, they knew that another war

would begin soon.

7. While he was driving to the airport, he

hit a boy on a bike.

→ While driving to the airport, he hit a

boy on a bike.

8. After he got married, he lived separately

from his parents.

→ After getting married, he lived

separately from his parents.

1. Having traveled a lot in China this year, I am getting tiring of traveling now.

2. The risen sun was hidden by the clouds.

3. Although the unboiling water looks clean, I prefer not to drink it.

4. I am sorry to tell you that none of the banks I spoke to were interesting in this project.

5. The volleyball match we watched was very excited.

6. They saw many travelers standing in front of the park, wait to enter.

tiredrising

unboiled

interestedexciting

waiting

Exercise 3 on page 38

1. The two policemen were asked _________ the case of the two missing children. (look into)

2. It is cold here today. The weather _____________ by the rain yesterday. ( cool off)

3. _____________ walking, he decided to take a rest under a tree. ( get tired of )

Grammar P112.---1

to look into

was cooled off

Getting tired of

4. “Don’t go down this cave. It will be impossible for us

___________ your safety,” an old man kindly reminded him. ( guarantee)

5. ________ around the entrance of the cave, villagers nervously watched him go down and disappear in darkness. (gather)

6. The scientist still needed _________ the data drawing a conclusion. (analyze)

7. _____ as a valuable travel book, The Travel Notes of Xu Xiaoke has been much studied by people of later times. (rate)

to guarantee

Gathering

to analyse

Rated

1. I was having a rest on the sofa when the telephone rang.

2. He called to ask if I would like to take a dip in the swimming pool.

3. I told him that I had got tired of the present life.

4. Going out to travel every now and then is good for you.

5. We chatted / talked about his traveling experiences.

Exercise 3 on page 111

6. The cost of this trip, especially the

hotel rates, was reasonable…

7. the beautiful natural scenery there

was a feast for the eyes.

8. the last stop of their trip

9. People gathered to look…

10. Please don’t get upset. I guarantee

no extra charge, …