-VEENA BHATEROLL NO- 9402

What is News ?News is the communication of

selected information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass audience.

Dictionary MeaningsFreedictionary.com - Information

about recent events or happenings, especially as reported by newspapers, periodicals, radio, or television.

Oxford - newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events.

NEWS STANDS FORN – Means the information reaching the

news studio at any moment

E- Stands for easy to understand presentation

W- Stands for widest reach

S- Stands for the simplification of complex issues involved in any news presentation.

In shortNEWS means the latest information

telecasted in the most easy to understand format to reach a wide spectrum of viewers in the most simple form of analysis.

Hierarchy of a News channel

Input Input comprises of the following things –1.Filters2.All beats3.Camera man4.Footage5.Content6.Reporters7.Assigning8.Arranging9.Co-ordination10.Assigning editor

Output(Decision maker)News is decided by them

Everything in output desk relies majorly on Input desk and Constant co-ordination with them

Producers and anchors

They decide Specific angles given to the story

They know the taste of audience

Presentation of NEWS4 aspects :1.Peg

2.Focus

3.Bite

4.Sign-off

PEGA News item has several and

various angles which can be presented in diverse manner, giving an angle or twist to the entire news item as per the choice of the news presenter.

Aspects for selection of PEGThe following are the aspects for

selection of a PEG :-1. Interest of viewers

2. Relevance of the subject

3. Edge with competing channel

4. Policy of the company

Interest of viewersExample – English broadcast news

channels always present Raj Thackeray in negative light. The viewers of those channels watch this piece of news because that interests them.

India TV news channel was on top for a period of 6 months in 2010, because its content was interesting.

Now-a-days people don’t believe in just seeing the news, they want the news material to be interesting

Example- In a recent survey conducted by Aaj tak, it showed that people prefer watching saas bahu and betiyaan more than watching serials as they get their interest and entertainment dose more on it.

Agenda settingEach news channel does agenda setting

when it comes to showing their news item.

For example- Channel shows the audience what they want to, but channel is responsible for developing tastes in their audience.

Example – India TV has developed a taste and has created a set of new audience.

Framing and Priming Framing and Priming comes into the

picture at every stage of news item, as whatever has been shot cannot be shown completely. Therefore the following has to be followed :

1.Framing – Specific angle given to the story

2.Priming – Highlighting certain aspects in the story more than others.

Relevance of the subjectThe news item has to be relevant, as we

have learnt that the currency or relevance of the news item matters.(News values)

Edge with competing channelTo remain on top slot of being the most

accurate and fast channel

Policy of the companyThe policy of the company and also the

political affiliations.

Focus Various issues involved in single

presentation of news

Vital to keep track of the ultimate aim in relaying and transmitting

Peg takes care of emphasis on important factors

The entire process of driving the news item to its relevant conclusion is FOCUS

BiteMeaning – The

comments, opinions or statements of the person being interviewed.

Process – The news channel is not able to telecast the entire volume of comments, opinions or statements, the producer or the reporter selects the relevant comments as per the PEG and FOCUS.

SIGNOFFThe location of

the origin of the news makes his short and specific comment in conclusion to the news item SIGNOFF with his or her name , location and the name of the television channel.

Why Script ?Viewers have to be put in the

prospective storyline

Script leads the viewers to the theme of the report

Brief insight to the storyline

Introduces the story to the viewers

Elements of a Script1. Concise

2. Brief

3. Bite selection

4. Time Frame

ConciseThe concept of single photograph

speaks more effectively than thousand words, but script writing is vital too.

It is essential that the presenter narrates the theme of the report in a very concise manner which hooks –

1.Attention2.Effectiveness of the story.

Example26 July floods – If you keep on showing the old

footage of water flooding on roads, after a point of time viewers will get bore. So some narration is important to keep the viewers glued to their TV screens.

Onion price rising – If you just keep on showing Onion footage, nobody would be interested. But if narration is supported with a peepli live song , it would turn out to be interesting.

BRIEFNorm of Television – 1.Present news as it is2.Factual3.Stand alone basis

BRIEF narration – To ensure that comments, opinions or statements are telecasted without any alterations

To retain the authenticity and credibility

Bite selectionSelecting the relevant and effective comments,

opinions or statements

It is important

These direct comments, opinions or statements themselves make the story presented effective

It gives Impact

Media-log

Time FrameIt should be short and sweet

PEG, FOCUS, BITE and SIGNOFF has to be kept in mind in the task of capsuling the story

Time frame has to be adhered

Lengthy presentation may take out the Impact

Various channels in competition , audiences have to be hooked

Aspects of editingProcess of

editing –

1.Voice-over

2.Bite Insertion

3.Conclusion

Voice overMeaning – Verbal

narration prior to relay of BITES

Introduces and leads the storyline to the viewers

Pleasing to ears

Suit the storyline

Concise and Brief

Bite Insertion

Conclusion

RUN ORDER

RUN ORDER is an array of news item , which keeps pouring into the news room from different centers or news bureau .

Tab has to be maintained of the news inflow in serial form

Telecast the news item as per the following –

1.Urgency2.Importance3.Relevace

Aspects of RUN ORDERThe following are the factors that decides the RUN

ORDER –

1.Prioritization

2.Sequencing

3.Rescheduling

4.Updating

5.Reviewing

SPECIAL PROGRAMSType of Special programs are as follows –

1.Interviews

2.Chat shows

3.Interactive shows

Interviews – One to one discussions or in some cases it could be tete-a-tete between the interviewer and anchor of the show.

Chat show – These are theme based programs where discussions between a group of participating individuals more on lines of debate that have impact on society.

Interactive Shows – Mostly entertainment based mass appeal audience involved shows that revolves around a theme that the participants actively involve themselves.

Interviews

Chat Shows

Interactive shows

Marketing and Time slot

MarketingFor any television channel to survive financially, a

steady and consistent inflow of revenues is essential so as to take care of large volumes of expenses that are incurred on minute to minute basis

Marketing srategies –1. Publicity

2.Advertising

3.Organizing events

Time slotAllotment of time frame by the

seconds or in professional jargon -Time Slot –to the advertisers on remittance of payment ensures a mutuality beneficial transaction of publicity to the advertisers and the revenue to the channel.

Anchor PresentationThe anchor who presents the news is the face

of the channel and thus it is essential that the ANCHOR has the following qualities –

1.Pleasant disposition2.Confident3.Presentable4.Command over language 5.Proper diction6.Voice modulation7.Sufficient knowledge of current events8.Proper body language

Since this face is seen by large number of viewers, It is essential that the anchor is well groomed and properly attired so as to maintain the status and dignity of channel.

The following are the slides which shows different presentation styles of different anchors

The first collage shows women reading out news in Indian Languages. The top left hand has a lady on IBN Lokmat (Marathi), top right hand corner, a lady on Sahara Samay (Hindi), bottom left hand corner, lady on a Cable news channels (Marathi) and bottom right hand corner, a lady discussing the Big Bang experiment on IBN7 (Hindi).

These are the women who anchor the English news programmes. Most of them wear western clothes, at least on the channels I picked. I did find one wearing a salwar kameez though.

The men who anchor the English news are usually in western formals, unless the programmer calls for a more informal way of dressing.

Some more…..