衡阳市都司街小学 杨洁

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• If they were here, they would help you.• If I were a bird,I would fly in the sky.• If she had worked harder, she would have succ

eeded. 　　• The rice would not have been burnt if you had

been more careful. • If you succeeded, everything would be all right.• If you should succeed, everything would be all

right. • If you were to succeed, everything

SUBJUNCTIVE MOODSUBJUNCTIVE MOODSUBJUNCTIVE MOODSUBJUNCTIVE MOOD

虚拟语气虚拟语气

Definition:In Definition:In grammargrammar, the , the subjunctive subjunctive moodmood (sometimes referred to as the (sometimes referred to as the

conjunctive moodconjunctive mood) is a verb mood that exists in man) is a verb mood that exists in many languages. It is typically used in dependent clauses y languages. It is typically used in dependent clauses to express wishes, commands, emotion, possibility, jto express wishes, commands, emotion, possibility, judgment, necessity, or statements that are contrary tudgment, necessity, or statements that are contrary t

o fact at present.o fact at present.

Definition:In Definition:In grammargrammar, the , the subjunctive subjunctive moodmood (sometimes referred to as the (sometimes referred to as the

conjunctive moodconjunctive mood) is a verb mood that exists in man) is a verb mood that exists in many languages. It is typically used in dependent clauses y languages. It is typically used in dependent clauses to express wishes, commands, emotion, possibility, jto express wishes, commands, emotion, possibility, judgment, necessity, or statements that are contrary tudgment, necessity, or statements that are contrary t

o fact at present.o fact at present.

Form •Present subjunctive •Past subjunctive•Future subjunctive

Present subjunctive• 句型 ： 条件从句　　　　　主句

　　　　一般过去时　　　 should( would) + 动词原形 • Examples:• If you knew everything now, you would not

be so angry with him. • If I were you, I might choose this one. • If I were you, I would go with him.

Past subjunctive

• 句型： 条件从句　　　　　 主句　　　　　　　　过去完成时　　　 should(would) have+ 过去分词

• Examples:• If you had studied harder last term, you could hav

e passed exam.• If you had got up earlier, you could have caught t

he train. • If it had snowed, I would have skied in the park.

Future subjunctive• 句型：　 条件从句　　　　　　 主句

　　　　 一般过去时　　　　　 should+ 动词原形　　　　 were+ 不定式　　　　 would + 动词原形　　　　 should+ 动词原形

• Examples:• If you should succeed, everything would be all right. • If he were here, I would give him the books.

• If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.

虚拟条件句的倒装 • 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were, should, 或 had,

可将 if 省略，再把 were, should 或 had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。

• Examples:• Were they here now, they could help us.

=If they were here now, they could help us.• Had you come earlier, you would have met him.

=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.• Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.

Pay AttentionPay AttentionPay AttentionPay Attention在虚拟语气的从句中，动词在虚拟语气的从句中，动词 ''bebe'' 的过去时态一的过去时态一律用律用 ""werewere"" ，不用，不用 waswas ， 即在从句中， 即在从句中 bebe 用用werewere 代替。代替。　 　 If I If I were were you, I would go to look for him.you, I would go to look for him.　　 如果我是你，就会去找他。　　 如果我是你，就会去找他。　 　 If he If he were were here, everything would be all rhere, everything would be all right. ight. 　　 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。　　 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

Exercises• If I had time, I _study French. • If they _here, he would be speaking to them now.• If she had worked harder, she _ _succeeded. • If my lawyer _ _here last Saturday, he would have

prevented me from going. • If it should rain, the crops _be saved.• If he _to go tomorrow, he might tell you.

• Answers:would,were,would have,had been,would,were

Homework• 1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven. • A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished • 2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq. • A. leave; for B. leave; to C. left; to D. to be left; for • 3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there. • A. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone • 4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free. • A. did; set B. had done; should be set • C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set • 5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .

• A. can; it B. /; / C. would; it D. may; / • 6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off. • A. for; to B. that; be C. which; should be D. to; being • 7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the Sars soon. • A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent • 8. It is important that we _____ wild animals. • A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting • 9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now. • A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been • 10. _____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately. • A. Will there be B. Should there be C. There will be D. There should be

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