what is the bnc? what is xaira? how to use the bnc for: › language teaching and learning ›...
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What is the BNC? What is Xaira? How to use the BNC for:
› Language teaching and learning › Research
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A 100 million word collection of samples of British English from a wide range of sources (10% spoken, 90% written texts).
Available under licence; latest edition is BNC XML edition (2007)
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Reference Book Publishing Natural language processing Language Teaching and Learning› Materials design› Classroom reference › Independent learning Linguistic Research› BNC as source of real language use› BNC as benchmark
http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/corpus/index.xml
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XML Aware Indexing and Retrieval Architecture
A text searching tool Usable with any XML corpus Provided free with the BNC XML Edition
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Word – the different word forms in the corpus
Phrase – the multi-word phrase or single word form
Addkey – words with additional keys such as POS codes
Pattern – word patterns
XML – specific XML start- or end- tags
Query builder – a complex query
CQL – commands in CQL, the language Xaira uses to represent its queries internally
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How Xaira looks How the solutions are displayed
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Manage the windows on the screen
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Solutions No solutions Too many solutions dialogue box
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Page mode/ Line mode Plain text / XML text Scope of context Reference (status bar)
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‘It's an interesting idea.
<s n="105"><c c5="PUQ">‘</c><w c5="PNP" hw="it" pos="PRON“>It</w><w c5="VBZ" hw="be" pos="VERB">‘s</w><w c5="AT0" hw="an" pos="ART">an</w><w c5="AJ0" hw="interesting" pos="ADJ">interesting</w><w c5="NN1" hw="idea" pos="SUBST">idea</w><c c5="PUN">.</c></s>
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Case studies 1: She’ll (turn/ go) mad!! 2: Men are handsome/ women are
beautiful› Language teaching and learning
Materials design, classroom reference, independent learning
3: Words in my corpus vs. ‘standard’ use› Research
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Task: › comparing use of “Turn” and “Go”› Turn + adj. vs. Go + adj.
Language point: Semantic prosody Xaira functions:
› Open the BNC› New query – query builder
(word query + Addkey)› Sort
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Query = Turn AND Go + Adjective
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Link type: - Next - Not next- one-way- two-way
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Go + adj. (a-z) Turn + adj. (a-z)
2 keys: 1. Examples of ‘go’, then ‘turn’2. Adj. (a-z)
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TwoThree
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Task: › Comparing the frequencies of collocates
Men vs. Handsome/ Beautiful Women vs. Beautiful/ Handsome
Language point: collocations Xaira functions:
› Word query › Collocation
Source: The BNC Handbook (1998)
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__
1
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Men with Handsome 15 Men with Beautiful 8 Women with Beautiful 83 Women with Handsome 2
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Data: Bumrungrad and Vitallife websites
“Linguistic keywords reflect the content of a particular text (Scott, 1997; 2000) through their high frequency”
Task/ research purpose› Identifying keywords to see which words are used
particularly frequently on the websites› Comparing words in a website against ‘standard’
use
Source: Watson Todd, R.
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BIH and Vitallife BIH only Vitallife only
and center and
center and Vitallife
about a to
the us about
us the management
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Words Frequencies
Corpus size
Frequencies
Corpus size
and Known Known Unknown Known
centre .
about .
the .
… .
BNCWebsit
es
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http://ucrel.lancs.ac.uk/llwizard.html
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BIH and VL BIH only VL onlyVitallife center VitallifeBumrungrad Bumrungrad wellnesscenter overview programswellness hospital nutraceuticalsus international medicine
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Words relating to the hospital itself or its location
Words associated with websites Words relating to medical priorities Words relating to promotional
priorities Words relating to non-traditional
interpretations of health
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Keyword Freq.
LL Source Example
Words relating to the hospital itself or its location
Vitallife 23 282.92
Vitallife At Vitallife we understand
Bumrungrad 21 258.32
Bumrungrad Bumrungrad serves over a million patients
hospital 20 123.26
Bumrungrad the largest private hospital
international 21 116.48
Bumrungrad Bumrungrad International is a complete medical campus
Thailand 10 87.05 Bumrungrad best quality service in Thailand
Bangkok 8 82.87 Bumrungrad located in the heart of Bangkok
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Collocation› Definition of the word› Phrase› Semantic prosody
Contrastive studies › Geographical varieties and languages› Categories of users
Language teaching and learning › Word meaning › Grammatical structures
Source: The BNC Handbook (1998)
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Aston, G. and Burnard, L. (1998), The BNC Handbook: exploring the British National Corpus with SARA. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Oxford University Computing services (All About Xaira)http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/rts/xaira/
Reference guide for the BNC (XML edition)http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/docs/URG/
The British National Corpus, version 3 (BNC XML Edition). 2007. Distributed by Oxford University Computing Services on behalf of the BNC Consortium. URL: http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/