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IQAMAT-I-DEEN : PATH O PADDHATI (Establishment of Islam : Way & Proceduce. 2nd edition) by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib. Professor of Arabic, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Published by: HADEETH FOUNDATION BANGLADESH. Nawdapara, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Ph. & Fax : 88-0721-861365. Mob. 01770-800900. E-mail : [email protected]. Web : www. ahlehadeethbd.org



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Ab¨w`‡K ag©xq †¶‡Î Bev`‡Zi bv‡g Pvjy n‡q‡Q AMwYZ wkiK I we`ÔAvZx cÖ_v| Rv‡njx hy‡Mi g~wZ©c~Rvi e`‡j Pvjy n‡q‡Q Keic~Rvi wkiKx cÖ_v| †m hy‡Mi gykwiKiv cÖvYnxb g~wZ©i Amxjvq ciKvjxb gyw³ Kvgbv KiZ| G hy‡Mi gymwjgiv g„Z cx‡ii Amxjvq ciKvjxb gyw³ Kvgbv K‡i| m¤§vb cÖ k©‡bi bv‡g g~wZ©i e`‡j cÖwZK…wZ‡Z gvj¨`vb Kiv n‡”Q| knx` wgbvi, ¯§„wZ‡mŠa, wkLv Awbe©vY, wkLv wPiš—b, g½jNU, g½j cÖ xc BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g AwMœDcvmK I wn›`yqvbx wkiK mg~n ivóªxqfv‡e Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| Rv‡njx Avi‡ei RNb¨ ÔnxjvÕ cÖ_v AvRI Ôgvhnv‡eÕi †`vnvB w`‡q gymwjg mgv‡R Pvjy ivLv n‡q‡Q Ges Gi d‡j AmsL¨ bvixi BhhZ wb‡q a‡g©i bv‡g wQwbwgwb †Ljv n‡”Q| A‡bK gv-†evb j¾vq I M−vwb‡Z AvZ¥nZ¨v Ki‡Qb| A_P a‡g©i (?) I Z_vKw_Z ag©‡bZv‡ì f‡q Uzu kãwU ch©š— Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| fviZxq wn›`y I cviwmK AwMœ DcvmK‡ì A‰ØZev`x I m‡e©k¦iev`x Kzdix `k©b AvR‡Ki Q~dx bvgavix gv‡idZx cxi-dKxi‡ì gva¨‡g †Rv‡i‡kv‡i cÖPvwiZ n‡”Q I Zv‡ì Là‡i c‡o mijwmav AmsL¨ Cgvb`vi gymjgvb ˆ`wbK wb‡R‡ì Cgvb †Lvqv‡”Qb|

m„wóKZ©vi mv‡_ m„wói cv_©K¨ NywP‡q w`‡q ÔhZ Kj−v ZZ Avj−vnÕ wkLv‡bv n‡”Q| ÔAvDwjqviv g‡ib bvÕ Ôcx‡ii Amxjv e¨ZxZ gyw³ †bBÕ| GBme †auvKv w`‡q gvbyl‡K gvbyl c~Rvq I Keic~Rvq cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv n‡”Q| d‡j Kei I Ii‡mi eëmv w`b w`b dz‡j-†du‡c DV‡Q| wKš‘ `yLx gvbyl‡K †`Lvi †KD †bB| Qvjv‡Z Avj−vn&i Kv‡Q Kuv`vi †jvK †bB| A_P Z_vKw_Z gv‡id‡Zi gRwj‡m dvbvwdj−vn-evK¡vwej−vn&i bv‡g gvbyl †Ku‡` †eûuk n‡”Q| Ab¨w`‡K GK`j †jvK ¶gZv `L‡ji ¯‡cœ we‡fvi n‡q ¶gZvmxb‡ì nZ¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡jB RvbœvZ jv‡fi myomywo w`‡q Zi“Y‡ì ÔR½xÕ I AvZ¥NvZx evbv‡”Q|

ZvK¡ xi‡K A¯xKviKvix I Zvi wecix‡Z A`„óev`x `k©‡bi wei“‡× †h ivm~j (Qvt) K‡Vvi agwK cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb, †mB Rv‡njx hy‡Mi Kzdix `k©b Bmjv‡gi bv‡g G‡`‡ki †iwWI-wUwf‡Z Ges Ab¨Î mgv‡b cÖPvi Kiv n‡”Q I gvbyl‡K B”Qvkw³nxb ÔcyZzjÕ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡”Q| Gfv‡e a‡g©i bv‡g I ivRbxwZi bv‡g Avj−vn †cÖwiZ Øx‡bi wei“‡× AvR kZgyLx lohš¿ Pj‡Q| AZGe G gyn~‡Z© Øxb‡K wkiK I we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z


11 11 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ gy³ K‡i Zvi Avmj I wb‡f©Rvj Avw` iƒ‡c cÖwZwôZ KivB nÕj eo

wRnv` Ges GUvB nÕj cÖK…Z gywg‡bi me‡P‡q eo `vwqZ¡| hv cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨B b~n (Avt) nÕ‡Z gynv¤§v` (Qvt) ch©š— mKj bex‡K Avj−vn wb‡`©k cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb| Avi GUvB nÕj ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ-Gi cÖK…Z Zvrch©|

Avqv‡Zi †klvs‡k Avj−vn e‡jb, E�O,JX J.E+ EYKXK�H�O8U�� E� HAO�O+H!EC K9dH�J�K> Ô†hw`‡K Zzwg I‡ì‡K AvnŸvb Ki, †m welqwU gykwiK‡ì Dci AZ¨š— fvix †eva nqÕ| A_©vr c~Y©iƒ‡c ZvInx` MÖnY I wkiK eR©b gykwiK‡ì Rb¨ LyeB KwVb welq| KviY wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨B Zv‡ì i“wU-iƒwh I mvgwMÖK `ywbqvex ¯v_© RwoZ| GB me ¯v_© cwiZ¨vM K‡i †KejgvÎ HmKj e¨w³B Avj−vn&i w`‡K wd‡i Av‡m, hv‡ì‡K wZwb g‡bvbxZ K‡ib| Avi wZwb c_ cÖ k©b K‡ib H e¨w³‡K †h cÖYZ nqÕ| Avi ZLbB cÖwZwôZ nq Avj−vn&i `vm‡Z¡i Aax‡b mKj gvby‡li mgvbvwaKvi|

G¶‡Y Avgiv †`Le, AÎ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq D¤§‡Zi †miv gbxlx I weØvbMY †K wK e‡j‡Qb|-

ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ-Gi A_© : gydvmwmiM‡Yi „wó‡Z )��+E4� �'A �� F0�(

1. iCmyj gydvmwmixb L¨vZbvgv Qvnvex nhiZ Avãyj−vn Be‡b AveŸvm i v wh qv j−v û Ô Av bû (g„. 68 wn.) D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb, Avj−vn GLv‡b mKj bex‡K ej‡Qb †h, E H�L!�� O8H�KVJS yS K H�L!d�� dK$ �H�IaKWMC� J2E*

M�JWE�EC��IV K9�K$ y� J2 ECHzE�K.IW�� [dK$ L!d��H�K _ Ô†Zvgiv mevB Øxb‡K cÖwZwôZ KiÕ A_©vr Ô†Zvgiv Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i HKë× _vK Ges G e¨vcv‡i gZ‡f` K‡iv bvÕ| Gi c~‡e© wZwb e‡jb, ÔØxbÕ nÕj ÔBmjvgÕ ��L!O � y�

O H�K� O3J�H�K{�( ; Z vdmxi Be‡ b A veŸvm)|

2. Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix (224-310 wn.) e‡jb, mKj bex‡K Avj−vn cvK †h ûKzg w`‡qwQ‡jb, †mUv wQj Øx‡b nK-Gi cÖwZôv| AZtci



wZwb Zv‡eC weØvb gyRvwn`-Gi e³e¨ D×„Z K‡ib †h, K9dK� E|�E;H*J� �E�g!K&�E* g H�K� HAOBR.IX O6j]�E�K,H"J�E* ÔAvj−vn Avcbv‡K I Zuvi Ab¨ bex‡`i‡K wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb †h, mKj ØxbB GKÕ| AZtci wZwb K¡vZv`vn-Gi D×„wZ †ck K‡ib K3�E�E:U�� KAH�K�H:ECE* KbJ�E:U�� KoH�K.H:E�K� Ônvjvj‡K nvjvj I nvivg‡K nvivgÕ MY¨ Kivi gva¨‡g Øxb‡K cÖwZwôZ KiÕ ( Z vdmxi Z ¡vevi x)|

3. KziAv‡bi hyM‡kªô m~² ZË¡we` Bgvg nvmvb web gynv¤§v` wbkvcyix (g„. 406 wn.) e‡jb, J?H*O� ETK�J� O�H:E"E* K��E�E8U��E* K4M�O,M��E* K!H�K&H�M�� E K� K9K�H�O;I� I�E��JVK> HK�H�E� K H�L!�� I�E��JVK>

J��E�EC K9K�H�JaK� Km�JVH*J�U�� K H(E:K� O}K.E�HzEC HK�R�� KFH*O�IWU�� : HAI�H�dK� �dE�U.E�E noI�K�K� M* �E+H�KG�N �EBH�_

ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ A_© Øx‡bi DQ~j ev g~jbxwZ mg~n cÖwZwôZ Kiv| †hgb ZvInx`, beyAZ, Av‡LivZ wek¦vm ev Abyiƒc welq mg~nÕ| kvLv-cÖkvLv mg~n bq, hv mgq‡f‡` cwiewZ©Z n‡q‡Q| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ Avgiv c„_K c„_K wewa-weavb I Kg©c×wZ mg~n wba©vwiZ K‡iwQÕ ( g v‡ q ` vn 5/ 4 8 ; Z vdmxi Z ¡vevi xi nvw kq v)|

4. Bgvg gvIqv`x© (364-450 wn.) myÏx-i D×„wZ †ck K‡ib, K9K� �H�I.E8H+K� ÔØxb Abyhvqx Avgj KiÕ| AZtci Zv‡eC weØvb gyRvwn`-Gi e³e¨

D×„Z K‡ib, g!dK&�E* K6K!dH�K&H�ECE* K9dK�E+�Jh HK$ K7� O H�K� ÔAvj−vn&i Øxb Zuvi AvbyM‡Z¨ I GK‡Z¡ GKBÕ| AZtci wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K e¨vL¨v †ck K‡i

e‡jb, O6E!E"�E+ H E� K9H�J.E+ �H*O!K�E ÔAvj−vn&i Øx‡bi Dci wRnv` Ki †h e¨w³ Gi wei“‡× kÎ“Zv K‡iÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j g vIq v` x©)|

5. Avj−vgv hvgvLkvix (467-538 wn.) e‡jb, ��w� : ��V> �� 3��{� PQ�� C!�& 7� �9�+�h* ?�~{�* 9.�� 9,�X* 3��* �]�� * ��

?�� o �� 9��V@� �8.(d�_ ÔGi A_© nÕj, Øxb Bmjvg cÖwZôv Kiv|


13 13 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Avi Zv nÕj Avj−vn&i GKZ¡ev` I Zuvi AvbyMZ¨| Avi wek¦vm ¯’vcb

Kiv Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi Dci, wKZve mg~‡ni Dci, wnmve wè‡mi Dci Ges GKRb e¨w³ gymwjg wnmv‡e hv cÖwZôv Ki‡e, mewKQzi DciÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j K vkkvd)|

6. Bgvg ivhx (544-606 wn.) e‡jb, E�E�JS Z7� J��E�EC [K$ K6KQE K�E��U�� K�E��JVK@K� K �L!�� J.E+ i9H E* J2 [K�UWO� J�K> K�p�JWM��_ ÔAvj−vn GB Avqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Øxb

Kv‡q‡gi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb Ggbfv‡e, †hb Zv wefw³i w`‡K bv wb‡q hvqÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j K vexi )|

7. Bgvg KziZzex (610-671 wn.) e‡jb, E�OE* O!�K&H�EC K7� �O9O�E+�JhE* I?�E~K@U��E* K9K.O�O�K� K9K,O�IXE* K3H�E�K�E* �K]�E�E\U�� K�K��E(K�E* �E� I?�I�E� IoO M�� K9K�E��JVK@K� �N8K.H(dO�_ ÔØxb

Kv‡qg KivÕ A_© nÕj : Avj−vn&i GKZ¡ I Zuvi AvbyMZ¨| Avi Cgvb Avbqb Kiv Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi Dci, wKZve mg~‡ni Dci, wK¡qvgZ wè‡mi Dci Ges GKRb gvbyl‡K gymwjg wnmv‡e cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨ †hme welq cÖ‡qvRb mewKQzi DciÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j K zi Z zex)|

8. Bgvg evqhvfx (g„. 685 wn.) e‡jb, �� O9JaH�K!H5dEC O K\E� �E8K� I?�E8H�K@U� I�dE+�R-��E* K7� K3�dJ�H&J� HdK$ ÔØxb A_© †hm‡ei Dci `„p wek¦vm ivLv IqvwRe, †mm‡ei Dci Cgvb Avbv Ges Avj−vn&i weavb mg~‡ni AvbyMZ¨ KivÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j evq hvf x)|

9. nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (701-774 wn.) e‡jb, J�L!�H�O R��KQHP E j]�Hm dK�K9 p��O�Io IX�.OBHA OE� :K+E,E��I4 K7� E*H&E!O6 J2 EGK�H�ET J�O9 HAOBO�K��E�dEG H�JWJ.E�Hl� K?K>E*

HAOBO\K�dE�E�E*_ ÔH Øxb hv wb‡q mKj ivm~j AvMgb K‡iwQ‡jb| Zv nÕj GKgvÎ Avj−vn&i Bev`Z Kiv, hvi †Kvb kixK †bB| hwÌ Zuv‡ì kixÔAvZ I Kg©c×wZ mg~n c„_K wQjÕ ( Z vdmxi Beby K vQ xi )|

10. Zvdmx‡i Rvjvjv‡qb-Gi Ab¨Zg †jLK RvjvjyÏxb gvnvj−x (791-864 wn.) e‡jb, O!dH�K&H�M�� E�O Ô†mUv nÕj ÔZvInx`Õ ( Z vdmxi “ j

R vj vj v‡ q b)|



11. gynv¤§v` web gynv¤§v` Aveym mvE` (982 wn.) e‡jb, PS E d�� K3��{� PQ�� O!�&�C 7� ��C 9O�+�h* ?�~{�* 9,�� 9.d��* 3�d��* K]�� K��* �� I?�� Io �� K9� ��)O� O��w�* 9K��V@� Io�!�C 9K"�X�S 9I�W&*

H � U?S E�a� 9d�$ }d�x_ ÔØxb A_© Øxb Bmjvg| Avi Zv nÕj Avj−vn&i

GKZ¡ev` I Zuvi AvbyMZ¨| Avi wek¦vm ¯’vcb Kiv Zuvi wKZve mg~‡ni Dci, Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi Dci, wnmve wè‡mi Dci Ges H mKj wel‡qi Dci, hv GKRb e¨w³i gywgb nIqvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb| Avi ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ A_© Øx‡bi i“Kb mg~n mylg Kiv Ges Zv‡K mKj cÖKvi Kvwjgv nÕ‡Z †ndvhZ KivÕ ( Z vdmxi A veym mvE` )|

12. Bgvg kvIKvbx (1172-1250 wn.) e‡jb, JS K9K� I?�E8H�K@U��E* K7� O!H�K&H�EC HPK9K�K��E�EG IbH�O,IVE* K9K.O�O� I�E+�JhE* ÔZv nÕj Avj−vn&i GKZ¡ I Zuvi Dc‡i Cgvb Avbv, Zuvi ivm~jM‡Yi Dc‡i Cgvb Avbv I Avj−vn&i wewa-weavb mg~n Keyj KivÕ ( dvr ûj K ¡v` xi )|

13. RvgvjyÏxb K¡v‡mgx (1283-1332 wn.) e‡jb, �� C 7� 4��,+ 9� T��G 2 6!&*?>* �W.�l� AB��G AB\�d��*_ ÔGi A_©, gnvb

Avj−vn&i Bev`Z Kiv| whwb GK I hvi †Kvb kixK †bB| hwÌ bexM‡Yi kixÔAvZ I Kg©c×wZ mg~n c„_K n‡q _v‡KÕ ( Z vdmxi “ j

K ¡v‡ mg x)|

14. gynv¤§v` Avãyi ingvb web bv‡Qi Avm-mvÔ`x (1307-1376 wn.)

e‡jb, Gi A_© nÕj, �O9E+H*O�I$E* O9J�H�O;IS K H�L!�� K�K��E�EG E�H�K8E �H�O8H�KaOC U?JS HAIXE�E�JSHAIXK�H�J� J.E+ K9K�E��JVK> HK$ J?H*O!KBE�H\ECE* HAI�K(IWH"J�K� O9E"H�O8H�KaOC.._ ÔwZwb †Zvgv‡ì

wb‡`©k w`‡”Qb †h, †Zvgiv g~j I kvLvmg~n mnKv‡i Øx‡bi mKj wewa-weavb wb‡R‡ì Rxe‡b cÖwZwôZ Ki Ges Ac‡ii g‡a¨ Zv cÖwZwôZ Kivi †Póv Ki| †bKx I ZvK¡Iqvi Kv‡R ci¯úi‡K mvnvh¨ Ki| Ab¨vq I †Mvbv‡ni Kv‡R KvD‡K mvnvh¨ K‡iv bv| ... Avi Øx‡bi


15 15 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ g~jbxwZi Dc‡i GK _vKvi ci wewfbœ gvmv‡q‡ji Kvi‡Y †Zvgiv `‡j

`‡j wef³ n‡qv bvÕ ( Z vdmxi “ m mvÔ` x)|

15. mvBwq` KzZze (1324-1385 wn./1906-1966 L„.) AÎ m~ivi ïi“‡Z mvigg© eY©bvq e‡jb, mKj gv°x m~ivi b¨vq G m~ivwUI AvK¡x`v wel‡q e³e¨ †i‡L‡Q| Z‡e G m~ivwU‡Z we‡klfv‡e Anx I wimvjv‡Zi wel‡q `„wó wbe× n‡q‡Q| eis h_v_©fv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j ej‡Z nq †h, GUvB nÕj G m~ivi gyL¨ I cÖwZcv`¨ welq )pK(H�K�M�� O�E�H:K8U�J�( | AZtci

ÔAvK¡xgyÏxbÕ-Gi e¨vL¨vq wZwb e‡jb, Avgiv m~ivi cÖ_‡g †h mvigg© e¨vL¨v K‡iwQ, †mB nvK¡xK¡Z ev mvie¯‘‡K cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨B GLv‡b wb‡`©k `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| ..... Avi †mUv nÕj ÔZvInx‡`i nvK¡xK¡ZÕ

K!H�K&H�M�� I�JaH�KaE&( ; Z vdmxi dx w hj v- w j j K zi A vb)|

ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ A_© ÔBK¡vg‡Z ûK‚gZÕ (?) )G��HD� �� F0�(

Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi †mvbvjx hyM nÕ‡Z AvaywbK hy‡Mi †miv gydvmwmiM‡Yi Zvdmxi Dc‡i †ck Kiv nÕj| †h¸wji mvigg© nÕj ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ A_© ÔBK¡vg‡Z ZvInx`Õ Z_v ZvInx` cÖwZôv Kiv| AvgivI †mB e¨vL¨v †ck K‡iwQ| wKš‘ eZ©gvb hy‡Mi †Kvb †Kvb ivR‰bwZK gydvmwmi GB AvqvZwUi wfbœiƒc e¨vL¨v w`‡q ÔBK¡vg‡Z ØxbÕ A_© ÔBK¡vg‡Z ûK~gZÕ Z_v ÔûK‚gZ cÖwZôvÕ e‡j‡Qb| A_©vr Avj−vn b~n (Avt) †_‡K gynv¤§v` (Qvt) ch©š— mKj bex‡K †hb G wb‡`©k w`‡qB cvwV‡qwQ‡jb †h, Ô†Zvgiv ivóª Kv‡qg KiÕ| Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i iZ Ijvgv‡q †Kivg‡K GRb¨ Zviv e‡j _v‡Kb, ÔAvcbviv wL`g‡Z Øx‡b wjß Av‡Qb| wKš‘ BK¡vg‡Z Øxb-Gi Rb¨ wK Ki‡Qb?Õ fveLvbv GB †h, BK¡vg‡Z Øx‡bi A_©B nÕj Bmjvgx ûK~gZ Kv‡qg Kiv I GRb¨ ivR‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Ê Rwo‡q cov Ges Gi evB‡i mewKQzB nÕj ÔwL`g‡Z ØxbÕ| A_P Bmjvgx ûK~gZ Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ †Póv Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K ZvInx`ev`x gymjgv‡bi Dc‡i Acwinvh© `vwqZ¡| Avi †mUv nÕj BK¡vg‡Z Øxb-Gi GKwU Ask| GKgvÎ BK¡vg‡Z Øxb bq| †Kbbv c~Y©v½



ZvInx` cÖwZôvi A_©B nÕj c~Y©v½ BK¡vg‡Z Øxb| hvi A_© Rxe‡bi mKj w`K I wefv‡M †KejgvÎ Avj−vn&i weavb I `vmZ¡‡K Keyj Kiv I Zv ev¯—evwqZ Kiv| ivóªxq †¶‡Î ZvInx` cÖwZôv KivI gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg cÖavb `vwqZ¡| †h `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z mKj gywgb ag©Zt eva¨| KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi AmsL¨ ¯’v‡b Bmjvgx ûK~gZ cÖwZôvi Bw½Z I kZ©vejx ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ we‡kl K‡i GB AvqvZwU‡K ÔûK~gZ Kv‡q‡gi wb‡`©kÕ wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n `ytLRbK|

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wZbwU evqÔAv‡Z Kzeiv I Avey Zvwj‡ei g„Zz cÖm‡½ g°vq bvwhj nq ( Z vdmxi K zi Z zex, Beby K vQ xi )|

Beby KvQxi (int) e‡jb, Avqv‡Z ewY©Z evqÔAvZ ev Pzw³bvgvi D‡Ïk¨ nvwQ‡j hviv `Êvqgvb n‡e Ges Pzw³ c~Y© Ki‡e, Zv‡ì Rb¨ _vK‡e gnvb mdjZv I wPi¯’vqx †bÔgZ A_©vr RvbœvZ|12 KziZzex e‡jb, wK¡qvgZ ch©š— D¤§‡Z gynv¤§v`xi g‡a¨ Avj−vn&i iv¯—vq wRnv`Kvix cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi D³ mymsev` Aek¨B i‡q‡QÕ|13

†h‡Kvb Av`k© cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Zvi cÖPv‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ PvB wb‡ew`ZcÖvY GK`j gvbyl| `ywbqvex ¯v_© _vK‡j KL‡bvB wb‡ew`ZcÖvY nIqv hvq bv| ZvB Avj−vn †cÖwiZ Awn-i weavb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ DrmM©xZcÖvY GK`j gvbyl ˆZixi j‡¶¨B Dc‡iv³ AvqvZ bvwhj nq|

AvqvZwU ch©v‡jvPbv )��Q� ? �0M��4�( :

ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, ÔBmjvgÕ G‡m‡Q `vIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Ges ÔBgviZÕ G‡m‡Q evqÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡g )k�E�H�E� I4E��E�K@U��E* k4E�H+E� O3J�H�K@U�J�( | evqÔAvZ A_© : µq-weµq Pzw³| Avgx‡ii wbKU Bmjvgx AvbyM‡Zï Pzw³‡K evqÔAvZ ejv nq| KviY Gi wewbg‡q RvbœvZ jvf nq, †hgb gvj weµ‡qi wewbg‡q A_© jvf nq| wZb erm‡ii AwaKKvj hveZ g°vq `vIqvZ †Ìqvi ci 4_© beex e‡l© ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) n‡¾i gImy‡g AvMZ wewfbœ †Mv‡Îi wbK‡U `vIqvZ †Ìqv ïi“ K‡ib| D‡j−L¨ †h, hyjK¡vÔ`vn, hyjwn¾vn I gynviig cici GB wZb gvm, AZtci ÔiReÕ gvm, †gvU GB Pvi gv‡m Avie‡ì g‡a¨ jovB I gvivgvwi wbwl× wQj| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) GB my‡hvMwU Kv‡R jvMvb|

beyA‡Zi 4_© el© †_‡K wnRi‡Zi AvM ch©š— 10 eQ‡i †gvU 15wU †Mv‡Îi wbK‡U ivm~j (Qvt) Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ †cuŠQv‡Z m¶g nb| wKš‘ †KDB Zuvi `vIqvZ Keyj K‡iwb|14 Gmgq 10g beex e‡l©i ga¨fv‡M

12. Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, ZIevn 111 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v| 13. Zvdmxi KziZzex, ZIevn 111 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v| 14. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, hv`yj gvÔAv`, ZvnKxK : ïÔAvBe I Avãyj Kv‡ì AvibvEZ¡ (êiƒZ :

gyIqvmmvZzi wimvjvn 29Zg gy ªY 1416/1996) 3/39; QwdDi ingvb gyeviKcyix



AbwaK wZb gvm gZvš—‡i wZb w`‡bi eëav‡b †mœngq PvPv Avey Z¡vwje I cÖvYwcÖqv ¯¿x Lv`xRv (ivt)-Gi g„Zz nq| mv‡_ mv‡_ Kziv‡qk‡ì AZ¨vPvi †e‡o hvq| GgZve¯’vq wZwb Kziv‡q‡ki kvLv †MvÎ eby Rygvn-Gi mv‡_ êevwnK m~‡Î Ave× kw³kvjx eby QvK¡xd †Mv‡Îi mg_©b jv‡fi Avkvq g°v †_‡K Z¡v‡qd Mgb K‡ib| wKš‘ †mLv‡bI wZwb wbivk nb| eis AcgvwbZ I wbh©vwZZ nb|

AZtci g°vi c‡_ iIqvbv n‡q ÔK¡vibyj gvbvwhjÕ bvgK ¯’v‡b †cuŠQ‡j wReªxj (Avt) cvnvo mg~‡ni wbqš¿K ) Kb�dE,K\U�� OTJ.E�( †d‡ikZv‡K wb‡q

AeZiY K‡ib Ges KvÔev kix‡di DËi I `w¶Y cv‡k¦©i `yÕcvnvo‡K (Ave~ KzevBm I KzÔAvBwK¡Avb) GKwÎZ K‡i Zvi gaëZ©x g°vi Awaevmx‡ì‡K wc‡l †g‡i †djvi AbygwZ cÖv_©bv K‡ib ) U?JS E�U�KG U?K>

JWJ� K H�E,E�HlJ�U�� OAKBH�J.E+ E�K,UhISO�U.E�( | wKš‘ `qvkxj ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡Z ivhx bv

n‡q e‡jb, UoE� �O H�JS U?JS E�K�HzO� Z7� H K� HAKBK�J�H;JS H E� O!O,H�E� j7� O6E!dH&E* J2 O|K�H�O� K9K� ��H�EG Ôeis Avkv Kwi Avj−vn G‡ì c„ô‡`k †_‡K Ggb eskai

m„wó Ki‡eb, hviv †KejgvÎ ZuviB Bev`Z Ki‡e Ges Zuvi mv‡_ †Kvb wKQz‡K kixK Ki‡e bvÕ|15 AZtci g°vwfgy‡L iIqvbv n‡q bvLjv DcZ¨Kvq K‡qK w`b Ae ’vb K‡ib| †mLv‡b Avj−vn GK`j wRb‡K †cÖiY K‡ib I Zviv KziAvb ï‡b Cgvb Avbqb K‡i| hv‡ì NUbv Avj−vn ¯xq ivm~j‡K c‡i Rvwb‡q †`b (AvnK¡vd 46/29-31 I wRb 72/1-15)|

Dc‡iv³ Mv‡qex g`‡ì Avk¦vm I wRb‡ì Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi NUbvq ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) DØy× I Avk¦ — nb Ges BwZc~‡e©Kvi mg¯— `ytL-Kó fy‡j wM‡q cybivq g°vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi wm×vš— †bb| ZLb hv‡q` web nv‡iQvn (ivt) Zuv‡K e‡jb, †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j! hviv Avcbv‡K †ei K‡i w`‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Avcwb wKfv‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡eb? Rev‡e ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔwbðqB Avj−vn GKUv c_ †ei K‡i w`‡eb Ges wZwb Zuvi

(1362-1427 wn./1942-2006 L„.), Avi-ivnxKzj gvLZ~g (Kz‡qZ : 2q ms¯‹iY 1416/1996 L„.) 130 c„.|

15. eyLvix nv/3231; gymwjg nv/1795; wgkKvZ nv/5848; mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 187-89 c„.; Avi-ivnxK¡ 126-27 c„.|


25 25 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Øxb‡K mvnvh¨ I weRqx Ki‡ebÕ| AZtci wZwb †niv ¸nv‡Z Avkªq

wb‡q g°vi wewfbœ †bZvi wbK‡U Avkªq †P‡q msev` cvVv‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ mevB Zuv‡K wbivk K‡i| GKgvÎ gyZ¡ÔBg web ÔAv`x m¤§Z nb Ges Zvi mnvqZvq ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I hv‡q` web nv‡iQvn (ivt) mivmwi KvÔev M„‡n G‡m `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib| ZLb gyZ¡ÔBg I Zvi †Q‡jiv mk¯¿ Ae¯’vq Zuv‡K cvnviv †`b| AZtci Zviv Zuv‡K evox‡Z †cuŠ‡Q †`b| Avey Rvnj cÖgyL †bZvMY hLb Rvb‡Z cvij †h, gyZ¡ÔBg Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ibwb, †KejgvÎ eskxq Kvi‡YB gynv¤§v`‡K Avkªq w`‡q‡Q, ZLb ZvivI welqwU †g‡b †bq| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) AZtci cieZx© n¾ gImy‡g wecyj Drmv‡n `vIqvZ w`‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| GB mgq BqvQwi‡ei weL¨vZ Kwe myIqvB` web QvwgZ, L¨vZbvgv e¨w³ Avey hvi wMdvix, Bqvg‡bi Kwe I †MvÎ‡bZv Zzdv‡qj web Avgi, Ab¨Zg Bqvgbx †bZv whgv` Avj-Avh`x Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib|

AvK¡vevn&i 1g evqÔAvZ )N �� 1�0�� 0�,( :

wbiš—i `vIqv‡Z wew”Qbœ wKQz gvbyl Bmjvg Keyj Ki‡jI †Kv_vI HKë× cÖ‡Póv j¶¨ Kiv hvqwb| BwZg‡a¨ 11 beex e‡l© 620 wLªóv‡ãi RyjvB gv‡m BqvQwi‡ei LvhivR †Mv‡Îi 6 Rb †mŠfvMëvb hyeK n‡¾ AvMgb K‡ib, hv‡ì †bZv wQ‡jb me©Kwbô Zi“Y AvmÔAv` web hyivivn| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) AveyeKi I Avjx (ivt)-†K mv‡_ wb‡q wgbvq Zuvey‡Z Zuvey‡Z `vIqvZ †Ìqvi GK ch©v‡q Zv‡ì wbK‡U †cuŠ‡Qb| Zviv BwZc~‡e© BqvQwi‡ei Bn~ x‡ì wbK‡U Av‡Lix bexi AvMgb evZ©v ï‡bwQj| d‡j ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `vIqvZ Zviv `ª“Z Keyj K‡i †bb| Zviv Zuvi AvMg‡bi gva¨‡g M„nhy‡× ¶Z-we¶Z BqvQwi‡e kvwš— ¯’vwcZ n‡e e‡j Avkvev` e¨³ K‡ib Ges Zuv‡K BqvQwi‡e wnRi‡Zi Avgš¿Y Rvbvb|

AvK¡vevn&i 2q evqÔAvZ )��./�� 1�0�� 0�,( :

n¾ †_‡K wd‡i wM‡q D³ Qq R‡bi ¶z ª `jwU ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wb‡`©kbv g‡Z BqvQwi‡ei N‡i N‡i Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ †cuŠ‡Q †`b Ges cieZx© eQ‡i 12 beex e‡l©i n¾ gImy‡g Av‡Mi eQ‡ii 5 Rb I bZzb 7 Rb †gvU 12 Rb G‡m wgbv‡Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi wbK‡U



evqÔAvZ K‡ib| Gu‡ì mevB wQ‡jb LvhivRx I 2 Rb wQ‡jb AvDm †Mv‡Îi| GUv ÔAvK¡vevn&i cÖ_g evqÔAvZÕ e‡j cwiwPZ| hwÌ GwU wQj cÖK…Z A‡_© 2q evqÔAvZ|

ÔAvK¡vevnÕ A_© cvnvox myo½ c_| GB c‡_B g°v †_‡K wgbvq Avm‡Z nq| GiB gv_vq wgbvi cwðg cv‡k¦© GB ¯’vbwU wQj wbR©b| GLv‡b cv_i †g‡i nvRx Qv‡neMY c~e© cÖv‡š— wgbvi gmwR‡` Lv‡q‡di Avk-cv‡k Avkªq wb‡q ivwÎ hvcb K‡i _v‡Kb| GLv‡b ÔRvgiv‡q KzeivÕ Aew¯’Z| GLv‡bB Beivnxg (Avt) Bejxm‡K cÖ_g cv_i †g‡iwQ‡jb|16 Avi GLv‡bB BmgvCj es‡ki †kªô mš—vb †klbex gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) gvbeiƒcx kqZvb‡ì wei“‡× Awn-i weavb Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ HwZnvwmK ÔevqÔAvZÕ MÖnY K‡ib| Hw`‡bi H AvK¡x`vi wec−e cieZx©‡Z ïay g°v-g`xbv bq, eis wek¦ ivRbxwZ-A_©bxwZ, mgvRbxwZ mewKQz‡Z e¨vcK cwieZ©‡bi m~Pbv K‡i I Ae‡k‡l Zv mvwe©K mgvR wec−e mvab K‡i| 12 beex e‡l©i n‡¾i gImy‡g Hw`bKvi evqÔAvZKvix‡ì g‡a¨ bZzb AvMZ L¨vZbvgv Qvnvex wQ‡jb ÔDev`vn web QvwgZ AvbQvix (ivt)| whwb cieZ©x‡Z evqÔAv‡Z Kzeivq wbe©vwPZ 12 Rb †bZvi Ab¨Zg wQ‡jb| D³ evqÔAv‡Zi eY©bv w`‡q wZwb e‡jb,

H E+J4E��E,O+ K H� K�K��M5�� _ f� 7� 9�+_ J?�JXE* E!KBEG ��N�H!E� E�OE* O!E&JS K]�E,Jap�� J�J.H�J� K�E,JaE�U��_ R?JS Jb�O�E� K7� _ .; 7� 9�.+ A.�*_ Jb�JV O9J�H�E&E* k�E��E5K+ H K�

K9K��E:H;JS :�H�J��E�EC K"�O�K��E� J.E+ U?JS J2 ��IXK�H�OC K�K7� ��H�EG J2E* ��IVK�H(EC J2E* ��O"H�EC J2E* ��I.O�UaEC �HAIXE�J2H*JS J2E* �OCU�EC i?�E�HBO,K� O9E"*O�E�UWEC E H�E� HAI��K!H�JS �HAI�K.O H�JSE* J2E* E5H�ECH�� K$ �ie*O�H�E� H E8J$ J$E* HAI�H�K� O6O�H J�J$ J.E+ �K7� H E�E* Ec�E;JS H K� J�ETK� ��H�EG E KV�O�J$ K9K� K$ �E�H"p!�� OBJ$E� �O9J� k4E��RWJX H E�E* Ec�E;JS H K� ETK�J� ��H�EG

O6E�E�E(J$ Z7� E�OBJ$ �E�H"p!�� HK$ K9H�J.E+ J�K> �K7� U?K> j]�EG �JWE+ O9H�E+� E*U?K> j]�EG O9E,JV�E+� O6�E�H�E��E,J$ J.E+ ETK�J�_

16. nv‡Kg nv/1713; Zvdmx‡i KziZzex 15/106 c„t|


27 27 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Ôivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K †W‡K e‡jb, G‡mv! †Zvgiv Avgvi wbK‡U

GK_vi Dci evqÔAvZ K‡iv †h, (1) †Zvgiv Avj−vn&i mv‡_ †KvbwKQz‡K kixK Ki‡e bv, (2) Pzwi Ki‡e bv, (3) †hbv Ki‡e bv, (4) †Zvgv‡ì mš—vb‡ì nZ¨v Ki‡e bv, (5) Kvi“ cÖwZ wg_¨v Acev` w`‡e bv Ges (6) kixÔAvZm¤§Z †Kvb wel‡q Aeva¨Zv Ki‡e bv| †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³ D³ A½xKvi c~Y© Ki‡e, Zvi Rb¨ cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡Q Avj−vn&i wbK‡U| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ Gm‡ei g‡a¨ †Kvb GKwU Ki‡e, AZtci `ywbqv‡Z Zvi (AvBb msMZ) kvw¯— n‡q hv‡e, †mwU Zvi Rb¨ Kvddviv n‡e (GRb¨ Av‡Liv‡Z Zvi kvw¯— n‡e bv)| c¶vš—‡i †h e¨w³ Gm‡ei †Kvb GKwU K‡i, AZtci Avj−vn Zv `ywbqv‡Z †Mvcb iv‡Lb (†h Kvi‡Y Zvi kvw¯— nÕ‡Z cv‡iwb), ZvnÕ‡j D³ kvw¯—i welqwU Avj−vn&i Dc‡i wbf©i K‡i| wZwb PvB‡j Zv‡K gvd K‡i w`‡eb| PvB‡j Zv‡K kvw¯— w`‡ebÕ| ivex ÔDev`vn web Qv‡gZ e‡jb, AZtci Avgiv GK_v¸wji Dci Zuvi wbK‡U evqÔAvZ KijvgÕ|17 GB evqÔAv‡Zi aib wQj gwnjv‡ì evqÔAv‡Zi b¨vq nv‡Z nvZ bv †i‡L †gŠwLKfv‡e A½xKvi MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g|18

ejv evûj¨ †h, evqÔAv‡Zi D³ 6wU welq ZrKvjxb Aviexq mgv‡R cÖKUfv‡e weivRgvb wQj| eZ©gv‡bI me©Î D³ welq¸wj cÖKUfv‡e weivR Ki‡Q|

AvK¡vevn&i 3q evqÔAvZ ev evqÔAv‡Z Kzeiv )RH�� 0�1��S1T�<( :

AZtci D³ evqÔAvZKvix‡ì `vexi †cÖw¶‡Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) gyQÔAve web ÔDgv‡qi bvgK GKRb Zi“Y `vC‡K Zv‡ì mv‡_ BqvQwi‡e †cÖiY K‡ib| wZwbB wQ‡jb Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m g`xbvq †cÖwiZ cÖ_g `vC| †mLv‡b wM‡q wZwb I Zuvi †ghevb Zi“Y ag©xq †bZv AvmÔAv` web hyivivn wecyj Drmv‡n BqvQwi‡ei N‡i N‡i ZvInx‡ì `vIqvZ †cuŠQv‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z c‡ii eQi 13 beex e‡l©i n¾ gImy‡g 622 wLªóv‡ãi Ryb gv‡m AvBqv‡g Zvkix‡K¡i ga¨fv‡Mi GK

17. eyLvix nv/18, 3892; gymwjg nv/1709; wgkKvZ nv/18; mxiv‡Z Be‡b wnkvg 1/434 (H ZvnKxK, µwgK 440 nv`xQ Qnxn)|

18. mxiv‡Z Be‡b wnkvg 1/431, 454; Avi-ivnxKzj gvLZ‚g 143 c„.; mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 202 c„.|



Mfxi iv‡Z c~‡e©v³ cvnvox myo½ c‡_ 73 Rb cyi“l I 2 Rb gwnjvi GKwU weivU `‡ji AvMgb N‡U| PvPv AveŸvm-†K mv‡_ wb‡q whwb ZLbI Bmjvg Keyj K‡ibwb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡ì wbK‡U Mgb K‡ib| AZtci ivwÎi cÖ_g cÖni †k‡l wbtkã iRbx‡Z evqÔAv‡Zi c~‡e© PvPv AveŸvm Zv‡ì‡K GB evqÔAv‡Zi ciKvjxb ¸i“Z¡ Ges `ywbqv‡Z m¤¢ve¨ `ytL-K‡ói K_v ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`‡q msw¶ß e³e¨ iv‡Lb| G‡Z Zviv ¯xK…Z nÕ‡j weMZ `yÕeQ‡i Bmjvg MÖnYKvix‡ì‡K ùvo Kiv‡bv nq| AZtci ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡ì wbK‡U KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ A‡š— ZvInx‡ì `vIqvZ w`‡q wKQz e³e¨ iv‡Lb| ZLb Zviv mK‡j e‡jb, Avgiv Avgv‡ì Rvb-gv‡ji ¶q-¶wZi wewbg‡q AÎ A½xKvi KiwQ| wKš‘ Gi wewbg‡q Avgiv wK cve? ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, ÔRvbœvZÕ )I�M�E\U�J�( | ZLb Zviv ej‡jb, E|E!E� U�O(H�IS ÔAvcbvi nvZ evwo‡q w`bÕ| AZtci AvmÔAv` web hyivivn †bZv wnmv‡e cÖ_g Zuvi nv‡Z evqÔAvZ K‡ib I Zvici G‡K G‡K mK‡j ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi nv‡Z evqÔAvZ K‡ib|19 gwnjv `yÕRb gy‡L ejvi gva¨‡g evqÔAvZ K‡ib| †mŠfvMëZx H `yÕRb gwnjv wQ‡jb eby gv‡hb †Mv‡Îi bymvBevn web‡Z KvÔe D‡¤§ ÔDgvivn Ges eby mvjvgvn †Mv‡Îi Avmgv web‡Z ÔAvgi D‡¤§ gybxÔ| D³ evqÔAv‡Zi e³e¨¸wj wQj wbgœiƒc :

Jb�JV i�K��E H E+ :K7� Jb�O�E� �E� �E�U.IV� E3J�E+ ETO�K��E,O"b�V ) :1 (J.E+ K�H8M(�� K�E+�R-��E* K$ K��E�M�� KoE(J�U��E*) 2 (J.E+E* K�JaJWM�� K$ K�H(O�U�� K�H(O�U��E*) 3 (J.E+E* K�H�j�� Ke*O�H�E8U��K� KHBM��E* K E+ K�J�H�O8U��) 4 (J.E+E* U?JS ��I��IaEC K$ K7� J2

HAIXIQOlU�EC K9�K$ I�E�H�J� iAK�J2) 5 (J.E+E* U?JS K"*O�O5H�EC �J�K> JVO�H�K! EcK�U�E� K"�O�E�H8E�J$ �M8K� J?�O�E�H8EC O9H�K� HAI�E(IWH"JS HAI�E �E*HxJSE* HAIXj]�E�H�JSE* OAI�J�E* I�M�E\U�� !�S 6�*�

9::;* AX��*�iAK.H(O8K� K�E��E*K� K$E* K�K��M5�� K H� J4E��E,O+ H E+ :)6 (J.E+E* i4E�J�JS �E�H�J.E+ )7 (J.E+E* U?JS J2 EFKx�E�O" E�H�j�� O9J.HJS )8 (J.E+E* U?JS Jb�IaE" L�E:U��K� �E8E�H�JS �M�IX J2 Oe�EzE" K$ K7� J�E�H�J� iAK�J2_

19. Avi-ivnxKzj gvLZ‚g 150-151 c„.; mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 214 c„.|


29 29 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Rv‡ei web Avãyj−vn (ivt) e‡jb Avgiv ejjvg, Ô†n Avj−vn&i ivm~j!

Avgiv Avcbvi wbK‡U wK wel‡q evqÔAvZ Kie? Rev‡e ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, (1) cÖdzj−Zvq I AjmZvq me©ve¯’vq Avgvi K_v ïb‡e I †g‡b Pj‡e (2) K‡ó I m”QjZvq (Avj−vn&i iv¯—vq) LiP Ki‡e (3) fvj Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k w`‡e I Ab¨vq KvR †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡e (4) Avj−vn&i c‡_ me© v `Êvqgvb _vK‡e Ges D³ wel‡q †Kvb wb›`y‡Ki wb›`vev`‡K c‡ivqv Ki‡e bv (5) hLb Avwg †Zvgv‡ì wbK‡U wnRiZ K‡i hve, ZLb †Zvgiv Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e Ges †hfv‡e †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì Rvb-gvj I ¯¿x-mš—vb‡ì †ndvhZ K‡i _vK, Abyiƒcfv‡e Avgv‡K †ndvhZ Ki‡e| wewbg‡q †Zvgv‡ì RvbœvZ jvf n‡eÕ ( Q nxnvn

nv/ 63)| Qnxn gymwj‡g ÔDev`vn web QvwgZ (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z nv`x‡Q AviI wZbwU aviv D‡j−wLZ n‡q‡Q †h, (6) ÔAvgv‡ì Dci Ab¨ KvD‡K cÖvavb¨ †Ìqv nÕ‡jI AvbyM‡Z¨ AUzU _vKe| (7) Avgiv †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ SMov Kie bv| Avi (8) Avgiv †hLv‡bB _vKe mZ¨ K_v eje Ges Avj−vn&i e¨vcv‡i Avgiv †Kvb wb›`y‡Ki wb›`vev`‡K fq Kie bvÕ ( g ymw j g nv/ 1 709 ( 4 1 )| Gfv‡eB evqÔAvZ mgvß nq|

AZtci ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) D³ 75 Rb‡K 12 Rb †bZvi Aax‡b b¨¯— K‡ib| AZtci †bZv I `vwqZ¡kxj wnmv‡e Zv‡ì wbKU †_‡K ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) cybivq evqÔAvZ †bbÕ|20

mgvR wec−‡ei m~Pbv )��A$�MU� @��/�� 9�,( :

Gfv‡e wek¦ BwZnv‡m Bmjvgx mgvR wec−‡ei m~Pbv nq BgviZ I evqÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡g| Gi djvdj meviB Rvbv Av‡Q| GB evqÔAvZ ÔwØZxq AvK¡vevn&i evqÔAvZÕ ev ÔevqÔAv‡Z KzeivÕ (e„nËg evqÔAvZ) bv‡g L¨vZ| GB evqÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡gB m„wó nq msMVb| hvi j¶¨ nq

Avj−vn&i mš‘wó AR©b| wZwb e‡jb, R?K> j7� p K:O� E �KQR�� J?�I.KC�JaO� [K$ K9K.�K,E� ��WE; HAOBM"J�JX k?�E�H�O� g��dO;H�E� Ôwbðq Avj−vn fvjev‡mb Zv‡ì‡K, hviv

20. we —vwiZ `ªóe¨ : mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 212-16 c„.|



Zuvi c‡_ jovB K‡i mvwie×fv‡e mxmvXvjv cÖvPx‡ii b¨vqÕ ( Q d 61 / 4 )| GZw`b hviv `vIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Bmjvg Keyj K‡iwQj, GLb Zviv evqÔAv‡Zi gva¨‡g msMwVZ nÕj Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ mgvR cwieZ©‡bi wbw`©ó j‡¶¨ Avj−vn&i bv‡g msKíe× nÕj|

wbtm‡›`‡n GB evqÔAv‡Zi g~j wkKo †cÖvw_Z wQj Cgv‡bi Dc‡i| †h Cgvb †Kvb `ywbqvex cÖ‡jvfb, †jvf-jvjmv I fq-fxwZi Kv‡Q gv_v bZ K‡i bv| †h Cgv‡bi myevZvm mgv‡R cÖevwnZ nÕ‡j gvby‡li AvK¡x`v I Avg‡j m~wPZ nq êc−weK cwieZ©b| †h Cgv‡bi e‡jB gymjgvbMY hy‡M hy‡M BwZnv‡mi c„ôvq wb‡R‡ì †kªô‡Z¡i Avmb AjsK…Z Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| AvRI Zv †gv‡UB Am¤¢e bq, hw` †mB Cgvb wdwi‡q Avbv hvq|

`vIqvZ I evqÔAvZ ) @�A�� 0�1��( :

Ô`vIqvZÕ-Gi gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K Øx‡bi c‡_ AvnŸvb Kiv nq| hv‡Z hevb, Kjg I AvaywbK mKj cÖKvi cÖPvi gva¨g eëüZ nÕ‡Z cv‡i| Gi Rb¨ KL‡bv GKK e¨w³B h‡_ó nb| †hgbfv‡e eû bex GKvKx `vIqvZ w`‡q †M‡Qb| wKš‘ †Kvb mv_x cvbwb| nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q †h, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b †Kvb †Kvb bex Ggbfv‡e DV‡eb †h, Zuvi †Kvb D¤§Z _vK‡e bvÕ ( eyLvi x nv/ 5705)| Avevi Kv‡iv gvÎ GKRb D¤§Z _vK‡e, †h Zvi Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb K‡i‡QÕ|21 eZ©gvb hy‡M mfv-mwgwZ‡Z ev †iwWI-wUwf‡Z GKvKx e³…Zv K‡i, eB wj‡L, B›Uvi‡bU-I‡qemvBU BZ¨vw` Pvjy K‡i G ai‡bi `vIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| hwÌ Zvi cÖfve c‡o Lye mvgvb¨B|

c¶vš—‡i ÔevqÔAvZÕ n‡q _v‡K Bmjvgx wewa-weavb †g‡b Pjvi Avš—wiK I ¯Ztù‚Z© A½xKv‡ii Dc‡i| GKvKx †nŠK ev mw¤§wjZfv‡e †nŠK Bmjvgx weavb‡K wbR Rxe‡b, cwiev‡i I mgv‡R cÖwZwôZ KivB nÕj evqÔAv‡Zi g~j D‡Ïk¨| hvi P~ovš— j¶¨ _v‡K Avj−vn&i mš‘wó AR©b I RvbœvZ jvf|

21. gymwjg nv/196; wgkKvZ nv/5744 Ôdvhv‡qj I kvgv‡qjÕ Aa¨vq|



evqÔAv‡Zi A_© )�0�1�� F0� J�&( :

Qv‡n‡e wgiÔAvZ e‡jb, �NBH�K,H�dEC K�E�E��E,O8U��K� K3J�H�K@U�� J.E+ I4E!E�E�O8U�� K�E�L8O� E�K� K�E+�R-�� K�J.E��JaO� HK$ Kc�E�R�� KoH�E�� E� EF�E� O9M"J�JX �ib�E� I�J.E��JaO� E�O HyKQR�� K�H�E,U�� K!Ua

J��dE�EC K9K�H�JV HK$ �E8JX K9K�E+�JhE* K9K(UWE" J�E5K��El O6�J-H+JSE* K9K,K&�E; H K� O6E!H�K+) :R?K> j7� yE�E�HG� E dK� EYK�K�H)dO8U�� ( �d��_ ÔBmjv‡gi Dc‡i K…Z A½xKvi‡K

evqÔAvZ GRb¨ ejv n‡q‡Q †h, eëmvwqK Pzw³i wecix‡Z †hgb m¤ú` jvf nq, Abyiƒcfv‡e Avgx‡ii wbK‡U AvbyM‡Zï wecix‡Z cyY¨ jvf nq| †m †hb Avgx‡ii wbK‡U Zvi Lv‡jQ ü`q I Lv‡jQ AvbyMZ¨ weµq K‡i †`qÕ| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, ÔwbðqB Avj−vn gywgb‡ì Rvb-gvj Lwi` K‡i wb‡q‡Qb Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q...Õ ( Z vIevn 9/ 1 1 1 )|22

Bmjvgx msMV‡b `vIqvZ I evqÔAvZ A½v½xfv‡e RwoZ| †Kbbv Bmjvg wbtm‡›`‡n cÖPviag©x nÕ‡jI Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ nÕj gvbe mgv‡R Øx‡bi weavb mg~‡ni ev¯—evqb| †mRb¨ e¨w³MZ D‡`¨v‡Mi mv‡_ mv‡_ mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póvi ¸i“Z¡ AZ¨waK| mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póv‡K wbw`©ó j‡¶¨ cwiPvwjZ Kivi Rb¨ wbw`©ó †bZ…‡Z¡i Aax‡b GK`j wb‡ew`ZcÖvY Kg©xevwnbx cÖ‡qvRb| Avi †m D‡Ï‡k¨B ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) `vIqvZ KeyjKvix e¨w³‡ì evqÔAvZ MÖnY K‡ib| A_P wek¦-BwZnv‡mi †kªôZg e¨w³Z¡ wnmv‡e wZwb GKvB h‡_ó wQ‡jb Zuvi AvbxZ `vIqvZ‡K Z_v Avj−vn †cÖwiZ Øxb‡K mgv‡R cÖwZwôZ Kivi Rb¨| cÖ‡qvR‡b wZwb ¯xq beyAZx kw³e‡j †d‡ikZv gÊjx‡K w`‡q Avey Rvnj, Avey jvnv‡ei kw³‡K wbwðý K‡i ivR‰bwZK I mvgvwRKfv‡e mn‡R Øxb cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ Zv bv K‡i wZwb gvby‡li KvQ †_‡K Mvj-g›` †L‡q gvby‡li MxeZ-†ZvngZ GgbwK ˆ`wnK wbh©vZb mn¨ K‡i gvby‡li `yqv‡iB wM‡q‡Qb I Zv‡ì wbKU †_‡K ¯^ ¯^ Rxe‡b Øxb cÖwZôvi evqÔAvZ I A½xKvi MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| †KD D³ A½xKvi c~Y© K‡i Rvbœv‡Zi AwaKvix n‡q‡Qb| †KD †Mvc‡b we‡ivwaZv K‡i

22. Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix (1322-1414 wn./1904-1993 L„.), wgiÔAvZzj gvdvZxn (†ebvim fviZ : 4_© ms¯‹iY 1419 wn./1998 L„.) nv/18-Gi e¨vL¨v 1/75|



ÔgybvwdKÕ n‡q‡Q| †KD AjmZv K‡i ÔdvwmKÕ n‡q‡Q| †KD cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i ÔKvwdiÕ n‡q‡Q| †k‡lv³ wZbwU `j Rvnvbœvgx| hwÌ Zv‡ì Rvnvbœv‡g Ae¯’v‡bi †gqv` Kg‡ekx n‡e|

Øxb ebvg ûK~gZ )��HD� ��( :

Dc‡i ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi wh‡›`Mx‡ZB Øxb Kv‡q‡gi mwVK c×wZ wea„Z n‡q‡Q| Gi evB‡i Øxb Kv‡q‡gi †Kvb kU©-KvU iv¯—v †bB| ey‡jU I e¨vj‡Ui gva¨‡g nqZev mn‡R ivR‰bwZK ¶gZv nvwQj Kiv hvq| wKš‘ Øxb Kv‡qg Kiv hvq bv| ÔØxbÕ A_© ÔZvInx`Õ hvi w`‡K b~n (Avt) †_‡K gynv¤§v` (Qvt) ch©š— mKj bex gvbe RvwZ‡K AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q‡QbÕ ( k~i v 4 2/ 1 3)| hv cÖ_‡g ¯^ ¯^ AvK¡x`v I wek¦v‡mi RM‡Z cÖwZôv Ki‡Z nq| AZtci Kg©RM‡Z Zvi ewntcÖKvk N‡U|

e¯‘Zt ZvInx‡ì g~j `vexB nÕj ÔZvInx‡` Bev`ZÕ A_©vr mvwe©K Rxe‡b Avj−vn&i GKK `vmZ¡ Keyj Kiv| g°vi gykwiKiv Rxe‡bi me©‡¶‡Î cÖe„wËi `vmZ¡ K‡i Av‡Liv‡Z gyw³i Rb¨ mnR iv¯—v g‡b K‡i Zv‡ì `„wó‡Z wewfbœ †bKKvi g„Z e¨w³i ÔAmxjvÕ Kvgbv KiZ| Zv‡ì ag©‡bZv I mgvR‡bZv‡ì gbMov weav‡bi AÜ AbymiY KiZ| G‡KB e‡j ÔwkiKÕ hv ¶gvi A‡hvM¨ Aciva| bexMY hy‡M hy‡M †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Qb AvZ¥‡fvjv gvbyl‡K GBme wkiKx wPš—vaviv †_‡K gy³ K‡i mvwe©K Rxe‡b Avj−vn&i `vm‡Z¡i cÖwZ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡Z| wKZve I mybœv‡Zi gva¨‡g †klbex gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K ZvInx‡ì wek¦vmMZ w`K-wb‡`©kbv I Kg©MZ ev¯—eZvi m‡e©vËg bgybv †`wL‡q †M‡Qb| gvby‡li AvK¡x`v I Avg‡ji ms‡kva‡bi gva¨‡g wZwb cÖK…Z A‡_© Bmjvgx mgvR wec−‡ei c_ cÖ k©b K‡i †M‡Qb|

Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Aek¨B ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi ZixKvi Abymvix nÕ‡Z n‡e| wbiš—i `vIqvZ I RvgvÔAvZe× cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g cÖ_‡g RbM‡Yi AvK¡x`v I Avg‡ji ms¯‹vi mvab Ki‡Z n‡e| AZtci Zv‡ì gva¨‡g cÖwZwôZ miKvi I ivóª eë¯’v cÖK…Z A‡_© RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Y Avm‡e| bB‡j wkiKx AvK¡x`v I we`ÔAvZx Avg‡ji AwaKvix bvgavix Bmjvgcš’x GK`j †jvK‡K ivóª ¶gZvq emv‡j Bmjv‡gi Kj¨v‡Yi PvB‡Z eis AKj¨vYB †ekx n‡e| ZLb RbMY Bmjvg †_‡K nqZev wPiZ‡i gyL wdwi‡q wb‡e|


33 33 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Rvbv Avek¨K †h, Avgv‡ì bex‡K Avj−vn cvK mk¯¿ Ô`v‡ivMvÕ iƒ‡c

†cÖiY K‡ibwb ( Mvw kq vn 8 8 / 2 2)| eis wZwb G‡mwQ‡jb RMØvmxi Rb¨ ÔingZÕ wnmv‡e ( A vw ¤ ^q v 2 1 / 1 07)| ZvB ÔwRnv`Õ-Gi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i kvš— GKwU †`‡k ey‡j‡Ui gva¨‡g i³M½v eB‡q ivZvivwZ Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôvi iwOb ¯^cœ †`Lv‡bv wRnv‡ì bv‡g †mªd cÖZviYv ê wKQzB bq| Abyiƒcfv‡e Øxb Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ wRnv‡ì cÖ ‘wZi †auvKv w`‡q iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i †Kvb wbivc` cwi‡e‡k A¯¿ Pvjbv I †evgv ˆZixi cÖwk¶Y MÖnY Kiv wRnv`x †Rv‡k DØy× mijgbv Zi“Y‡ì‡K Bmjv‡gi kÎ“‡ì cvZv‡bv duv‡` AvUwK‡q aŸsm Kivi Pµvš— gvÎ|

wRnv‡ì cÖ ‘wZ )K�;� K��A�( : cÖ ‘wZi A_© ˆbwZK I êlwqK Dfq cÖKvi cÖ ‘wZ| †`‡ki Zi“Y mgvR‡K my›ì cwi‡e‡k mywk¶vi gva¨‡g ˆbwZK Pwi‡Î ejxqvb K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| mv‡_ mv‡_ AvB‡bi mxgv‡iLvi g‡a¨ Zv‡ì‡K ˆ`wnK mvg‡_© I cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖv_wgK mvgwiK cÖwk¶Y w`‡q cÖ ‘Z ivL‡Z n‡e| Aek¨ iv‡óªi m‡e©v”P wbivcËvi ¯v‡_© mk¯¿ cÖ ‘wZ wnmv‡e †`‡k mywkw¶Z mk¯¿ evwnbx mve©¶wYKfv‡e cÖ ‘Z ivLv nq| Gic‡iI Kv‡iv Rb¨ †eAvBbxfv‡e mk¯¿ cÖ ‘wZ MÖn‡Yi AbygwZ Bmjv‡g †bB| Z‡e Øxb I iv‡óªi †ndvh‡Zi Rb¨ knx` ev Mvhx nevi wRnv`x Rvhev me© v ü`‡q jvjb Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|

ZvInx` we‡ivax AvK¡x`v I Avg‡ji ms¯‹vi mvabB nÕj me‡P‡q eo ÔwRnv`Õ| bexMY †mB j‡¶¨B Zuv‡ì mg¯— Rxe‡bi mvwe©K cÖ‡Póv wb‡qvwRZ †i‡LwQ‡jb| Avi †mUv Ki‡Z wM‡qB Zuv‡ì Dci †b‡g G‡mwQj evav I wec‡ì wngvjq m`„k gyQxeZ mg~n| R¡jš— ûZvk‡b Rxeš— Beivnxg‡K wb‡¶c Kiv n‡q‡Q| g~mv‡K wbR †`k †_‡K weZvwoZ n‡Z n‡q‡Q| Cmv‡K Avj−vn Avmgv‡b DwV‡q wb‡q‡Qb| Avgv‡ì bex‡K Rb¥f~wg g°v †Q‡o g`xbvq Avkªq wb‡Z n‡q‡Q| KviY Zuviv ¯^ ¯^ hy‡Mi †jvK‡ì cÖwZwôZ wkiKx AvK¡x`v I Zv‡ì Pvjy Kiv ixwZ-bxwZi ms¯‹vi I mvwe©K Rxe‡b GK Avj−vn&i `vm‡Z¡i AvnŸvb Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb| Zuviv †KDB A¯¿ nv‡Z wb‡q RbM‡Yi mvg‡b Dcw¯’Z nbwb| eis hLbB wki‡Ki wkLÊxiv A¯¿ nv‡Z Zv‡ì‡K DrLv‡Zi Rb¨ D`¨Z n‡q‡Q, ZLbB ZvInx‡ì AbymvixMY Zv‡ì gyKvwejvq nq



Zv‡ì Rxeb w`‡q‡Qb, bq AvZ¥i¶v K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv knx` A_ev Mvhx n‡q‡Qb| eì, I‡nv`, L›`K mKj hy×B n‡q‡Q g`xbvq AvZ¥i¶vg~jK| hw` AvµgYg~jK nÕZ, ZvnÕ‡j Gme hy× g°vq msNwUZ n‡Zv Ges ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ¯qs AvµgYKvix wnmv‡e wPwýZ n‡Zb| wKš‘ BwZnvm †mK_v e‡jwb|

ev¯—e K_v GB †h, hei`w —i gva¨‡g GKRb‡K mvgwqKfv‡e c`vbZ Kiv hvq| wKš‘ ¯’vqxfv‡e AbyMZ Kiv hvq bv| Bmjvg Avj−vn&i me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z I c~Y©v½ Øxb| G Øxb gvbeRxeb‡K Zvi g„Zz ch©š— Avj−vn&i AbyMZ ev›`vq cwiYZ Ki‡Z Pvq| AZGe Øxb Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g wKsev wRnv‡ì bv‡g Avgiv †hb AwZ Drmv‡n Ggb wKQz bv Kwi, hv Bmjv‡gi g~j iƒn‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q| Gi wecix‡Z wRnv`x Rvhev‡K aŸsmKvix A`„óev`x AvK¡x`v wbtm‡›`‡n Av‡iKwU åvš— AvK¡x`v| GwU cvwbi bx‡P Wyeš— gvB‡bi gZ| hv gymjgv‡bi wRnv`x iƒn‡K wfZi †_‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q|

we‡k¦ me© v Av`‡k©i msMÖvg Pj‡Q| D³ msMÖv‡g Bmjvg‡K weRqx Kiv Ges Øxb‡K wkiK I we`ÔAvZ gy³ K‡i Zv‡K Zvi wb‡f©Rvj I Avw` iƒ‡c cÖwZôv KivB nÕj Øxb`vi gywg‡bi me‡P‡q eo KZ©e¨| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, �*O!K�E EYKXK�H�O8U�� HAI�K��E�H�J�K� HAI�K(IWH"JSE* HAI�K�E�K(U�JSE* Ô†Zvgiv wRnv` Ki gykwiK‡ì wei“‡× †Zvgv‡ì gvj Øviv, Rvb Øviv I hevb ØvivÕ|23

AZGe Avmyb! Avj−vn&i †Ìqv gvj, Avj−vn&&i †Ìqv Rvb I Avj−vn&i †Ìqv hevb I Kjg Avj−vn&i c‡_ e¨q Kwi Ges Avj−vn we‡ivax gykwiK kw³i wei“‡× Z_v AvaywbK Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi wewfbœgyLx Pµv‡š—i wei“‡× Avgiv me©gyLx cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY Kwi| nhiZ Avãyj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib,

�E� H K� K,E" O9J�E�E� Z7� K$ i�M�IS HK.H,JV R2K> J?�JX O9J� H K� K9K�M�IS J?�p�K��E�E& gc�E:H;JSE* J?*IQOlU�E� K9K�M�O(K� J?*O!E�UaE�E* K6K�H�J�K� MAI� �EBM"K> O}I.HzEC H K� HAKK!H�E� ge�I.Ol J?�I��IaE� �E�

23. Avey vE` nv/2504; bvmvC nv/3096; `v‡igx nv/2431; wgkKvZ nv/3821 ÔwRnv`Õ Aa¨vq|


35 35 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ J2 J?�I.E�UWE� J?�I.E�UWE�E* �E� J2 J?*O�E�H)O� H E8J$ HAOE!E�E K6K!E�K� E�OBJ$ g K�H)O� H E�E*

E HAOE!E� K9K"�E(K.K� E�OBJ$ g K�H)O� H E�E* HAOE!E�E K9K,U.JaK� E�OBJ$ g K�H)O� E¡H�J�E* j]�E�E* ETK�J� E K� U��H�K@K?�E8 I�M,E& ibE�H�El_ O6�E*E� gAK.H(O�_

ÔAvgvi c~‡e© Ggb †Kvb bex Avj−vn †cÖiY K‡ibwb, hvi D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ wKQz †jvK Zuvi mn‡hvMx wQj bv| wKQz †jvK wQj hviv Zuvi mybœvZ mg~‡ni AbymiY KiZ I wb‡`©k mg~n †g‡b PjZ| AZtci Zv‡ì c‡i Zv‡ì DËim~ixiv Ggb me K_v ejZ, hv Zviv KiZ bv Ges Ggb me KvR KiZ, hv Zv‡ì Kivi wb‡`©k †Ìqv nqwb| GBme †jvK‡ì wei“‡× hviv nvZ Øviv wRnv` Ki‡e, Zviv gywgb| hviv hevb Øviv wRnv` Ki‡e, Zviv gywgb Ges hviv ü`q w`‡q wRnv` Ki‡e, ZvivI gywgb| Gi evB‡i Zv‡ì g‡a¨ mwilv `vbv cwigvY Cgvb †bBÕ|24

AZGe wkiK I we`ÔAv‡Zi wei“‡× Av‡cvlnxbfv‡e i“‡L ùvov‡bvB nÕj cÖK…Z wRnv`| Avi ZvInx‡ì gg©evYx‡K RbM‡Yi wbK‡U †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqv I Zv‡ì gg©g~‡j Zv †cÖvw_Z KivB nÕj cÖK…Z `vIqvZ| ZvB GKB mv‡_ ZvInx‡ì Ô`vIqvZÕ I ZvInx` we‡ivax Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi wei“‡× me©gyLx ÔwRnv`Õ-B nÕj Øxb Kv‡q‡gi mwVK c×wZ|

evsjv‡`k †cÖw¶Z )V�KW"', ��( :

evsjv‡`‡k m¤cÖwZ Pigcš’x ivR‰bwZK ZrciZvi c‡¶ Bmjvg‡K eënvi Kivi cÖeYZv e„w× cv‡”Q| Zviv ÔØxb Kv‡q‡giÕ Ace¨vL¨v m¤wjZ †jLbx †hgb RbM‡Yi wbK‡U mieivn Ki‡Q, †Zgwb Aíwkw¶Z I Awkw¶Z Zi“Y‡ì‡K ÔwRnv‡ìÕ Ace¨vL¨v w`‡q mk¯¿ we‡`ªv‡n D¯‹vwb w`‡”Q| cwÎKvš—‡i GKB D‡Ï‡k¨ Zrci Ab~ b 10wU Bmjvgx R½x msMV‡bi bvg G‡m‡Q| GgbwK †Kvb †Kvb ¯’v‡b G‡ì †Ìqvj wjLbI bh‡i co‡Q| ejv hvq, G‡ì mK‡jiB D‡Ïk¨ mk¯¿ ZrciZvi gva¨‡g `ª“Z ivóª¶gZv `Lj Kiv I Bmjvgx ûK~gZ Kv‡qg

24. gymwjg nv/50; wgkKvZ nv/157 ÔCgvbÕ Aa¨vq, ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AuvK‡o aivÕ Aby‡”Q`|



Kiv| GRb¨ Zviv Zv‡ì eBcÎ I wjd‡jU mg~‡n KziAv‡bi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i †hme e³e¨ RbM‡Yi wbKU Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Q, Zvi mvi-ms‡¶c wbgœiƒc :

(1) ZvInx` cÖwZôvi GKgvÎ c_ nÕj wRnv` I wK¡Zvj Z_v mk¯¿ msMÖvg|

(2) Cgvb`v‡ii Avj−vn cÖ Ë msÁv ( ûRyi vZ 4 9/ 1 5) Abyhvqx eZ©gvb gymwjg RvwZ, we‡kl K‡i Av‡jg mgvR Aek¨B gywgb bq| AZGe nq Zviv gykwiK bq Kv‡di|

(3) Avj−vn ¯qs gywgb‡ì AwffveK ( evK ¡vi vn 2/ 2 57)| A_P gymjgvbiv me©Î gvi Lv‡”Q| G‡Z cÖgvwYZ nq †h, Avj−vn gymwjg RvwZi AwffveK bb Ges G RvwZ gywgb bq| AZGe hvi Cgvb †bB, †m KvwdiÕ ( Z v‡ ì cÖPvw i Z w j d‡ j U nÕ‡ Z M„nxZ )|

Lv‡iRx AvK¡x`v )��M�X� @��0��( :

Dc‡ii e³e¨¸wj ciL Ki‡j PZz_© Ljxdv nhiZ Avjx (ivt)-†K

nZ¨vKvix Lv‡iRx‡ì Pigcš’x AvK¡x`v ¯úófv‡e dz‡U I‡V| Zviv K?K> OAU�O:U�� R2K> K9R.K� ÔAvj−vn e¨ZxZ Kvi“ kvmb †bBÕ ( BDmyd 1 2/ 4 0) GB

Avqv‡Zi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i e‡jwQj, Avjx I gyÔAvweqv Df‡qi g‡a¨ hy× e‡Üi Rb¨ Zviv Avj−vn&i wKZve _vK‡Z gvbyl‡K kvwjk †g‡b‡Qb| †mKviY Zviv ÔKvwdiÕ Ges Zuv‡ì i³ nvjvjÕ| Avi †mRb¨ Zviv Zv‡ì‡K nZ¨v Kivi wm×vš— wb‡qwQj| Avjx (ivt) Zv‡ì Dc‡iv³

e³‡eï Rev‡e e‡jwQ‡jb, k�E8K.JX ¢�E& E!�K�IS �EBK� koKh�E� �J2O�M! K�M�.K�� K�H K>E�E��i4 K�M�4 JXE"�H� JSH* J$K �E�4 ..M�JS��U�JWK �E�I4: J$O�JaO3� K�EB� U��O:O!H*O� E*ECU�E�O K�EB�

p(��O,Io E*O�E\E�O! K�EB� E��O!p* E*O�UaE(OA K�EB� U��JWH[Z]_ ÔK_v mZ¨, wKš‘ evwZj A_©

†bIqv n‡q‡Q| Aek¨B gvby‡li Rb¨ †bZ…Z¡ _vK‡e, fvj †nŠK ev g›` †nŠK|.. g›` kvm‡Ki gva¨‡g `Êwewa mg~n Kv‡qg Kiv nq| iv¯—v mg~n


37 37 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ wbivc` Kiv nq, kÎ“i wei“‡× hy× Kiv nq Ges ivóªxq m¤ú` weZiY

Kiv nqÕ|25 g‡b ivLv Avek¨K †h, kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb wel‡q ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg we‡kl K‡i Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi cÖ Ë e¨vL¨vB P~ovš—| cieZ©xKv‡j †Ìqv Zvi wecixZ †Kvb e¨vL¨v MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| Avjx (ivt)-Gi †Ìqv Dc‡iv³ e¨vL¨v MÖnY bv K‡i Zuvi `j †_‡K eû †jvK †ewi‡q hvq| BwZnv‡m GivB ÔLv‡iRxÕ bv‡g L¨vZ| Qvnvev‡q †Kivg wb‡R‡ì ga¨Kvi ivR‰bwZK ev êlwqK gZwe‡iva GgbwK Av‡cv‡l hy×-weMÖ‡ni Kvi‡Y KL‡bvB ci¯úi‡K ÔKvwdiÕ ej‡Zb bv| ci¯úi‡K †g‡i ev g‡i Mvhx ev knx` nevi †MŠie Ki‡Zb bv| Lv‡iRx I kxÔAvivB cÖ_g GB Pigcš’x ayqv Zz‡j gymwjg D¤§vn&i g‡a¨ wdrbvi m~Pbv K‡i| Avi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi fwel¨ØvYx Abyhvqx gymwjg D¤§vn&i g‡a¨ m„ó 73 wdiK¡vi g‡a¨ 72 wdiK¡vB n‡e Rvnvbœvgx|26

Dc‡iv³ `yÕwU wdiK¡v D³ 72wU åvš— wdiK¡vi m~PbvKvix‡ì Aš—f©y³| kxÔAv‡ì AvK¡x`v g‡Z Avjx (ivt) e¨ZxZ evKx wZb Ljxdv wQ‡jb Kvwdi I Rvnvbœvgx (bv E h ywe j−v n )| Lv‡iRx‡ì AvK¡x`v g‡Z Kexiv †MvbvnMvi e¨w³ Kvwdi I wPi¯’vqx Rvnvbœvgx Ges Zv‡ì i³ nvjvj| Avn‡jmybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ Z_v Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi wbKU Kexiv †MvbvnMvi gywgb Kvwdi bq Ges Zvi i³ nvjvj bq| eis †m dv‡mKÕ| GKRb Nygš— e¨w³ g„‡Zi b¨vq n‡jI Zv‡K †hgb ÔcÖvYnxbÕ g„Z ejv hvq bv, †Zgwb Kexiv ¸bv‡n wjß nIqvi Kvi‡Y mvgwqKfv‡e Cgv‡bi `xwß w¯—wgZ n‡q †M‡jI †Kvb gywgb‡K Cgvbnxb ÔKvwdiÕ ejv hvq bv| ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi w`b ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi kvdvÔAvZ †Zv g~jZt GBme Kexiv †MvbvnMvi gywgb‡ì Rb¨B n‡eÕ|27

Qnxn nv`xQ I Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi e¨vL¨v g‡Z Avn‡jnv`xQM‡Yi AvK¡x`vB mwVK Ges †mKviY evsjv‡`‡ki gymjgvbiv Zv‡ì `„wó‡Z

25. gvIqv`©x, Avj-AvnKvgym myjZ¡vwbqvn 1/98 Ôwe‡`ªvnx‡ì wei“‡× hy×Õ Aby‡”Q`; AvKivg whqv ÔDgvix, ÔAvQi“j wLjvdvwZi iv‡k`vn (gvKZvev DevqKvb) 1/142|

26. wZiwghx nv/2641; Avey vE` nv/4597; Avngv` nv/16979; wgkKvZ nv/171 ÔwKZve I mybœvn‡K AuvK‡o aivÕ Aby‡”Q`; Qnxn AvZ-ZviMxe nv/51|

27. Avey vE` nv/4739; wZiwghx nv/2435, 2441; Beby gvRvn nv/4310, 4317; wgkKvZ nv/5598, 5600 ÔwK¡qvg‡Zi Ae ’vÕ Aa¨vq|



Kvwdi bq, hZ¶Y bv Zviv Avj−vn&i †Kvb weavb‡K wek¦vmMZfv‡e A¯xKvi K‡i| GKBfv‡e Zv‡ì Rvb-gvj I BhhZ Ab¨‡ì Rb¨ nvjvj bq| A_P GBme Pigcš’xiv KyiAvb-nv`x‡Qi weK…Z e¨vL¨v K‡i c„w_exi GK cÂgvsk gvbyl Z_v gymwjg D¤§vn‡K I Zv‡ì m¤§vwbZ Av‡jg-Ijvgv‡K Kvwdi-gykwiK e‡j AwfwnZ Ki‡Q I Zv‡ì‡K nZ¨v Kivi c‡¶ RbgZ m„wói Rb¨ cwi‡ek µ‡gB †Nvjv‡U Ki‡Q| A_P B½-gvwK©b mvgªvRëv` mgvR‡mevi gy‡Lv‡k G‡`‡ki nvhvi nvhvi bvMwiK‡K Anin ÔwLªóvbÕ evbv‡”Q| wn›`y †bZviv G‡`k‡K fvi‡Zi `Ljxfy³ Kivi Rb¨ cÖKv‡k¨ ûgwK w`‡”Q| gymwjg bvgavix fviZcš’x ivRbxwZK-eyw×Rxexiv cÖKv‡k¨ ivR‰bwZK †mwgbv‡i evsjv‡`‡ki c„_K ivóªxq Aw¯—Z¡ I c„_K †mbvevwnbxi Aw¯—Z¡ wejxb Kivi c‡¶ hyw³ (?) †ck Ki‡Q| wKš‘ Gme e¨vcv‡i GBme bvgavix gyRvwn`‡ì (?) †Kvb gv_ve¨_v †bB| g~jZt Zviv Bmjvg I gymjgv‡bi kÎ“‡ì cvZv‡bv duv‡` cv w`‡q‡Q Ges †bZ…e„›`‡K nZ¨v Kivi gva¨‡g gymwjg D¤§vn‡K †bZ…Z¡k~b¨ Kivi we‡`kx bxj bKkv ev¯—evq‡b gv‡V †b‡g‡Q|

Lv‡iRx‡ì m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi fwel¨ØvYx )31'�LY 8�� O�M�X� 8�) (

E+H K�JS K!�K�E� LyK�H!OzU�� Jb�JV : O�H�K8E� MK,M��_ .; 7� 9�.+ A.�*– Ib�IaE� : O�O�HzE� [K$ K�M�I�U�� K6KQE ) UoIaE� HAJ�E* :�EBH�K�( g3H�JV J?*O�KaH:EC HAI�ECJ�E; E�E�

i�E��E*K� K$E* HAKBKCJ�E; :O�KaH:E� E&JSO!HAIX J�E;ECO9 E�E� J�E;KCKBHA� E��E�K;E*O9 E�E� K��E�K;KBHA� H*Z]E�UaE�J? J?<H�IaU�� J2 OxK*�E\O� E�KV�E�ECOBHA H�IVO�H8E�J? H K� J�H�K@U��K3 H*O�O�E� KAHBM(�� H K� K�M�K�M�� H�I.O�UaE�J? JoHJS J�H�K@U��K3 H�O+E!E�E*J? JoHJS K?�J�H*J�U�� K�J�H HAOBO�UXE�H�JS HAOBM�J.O�UVJ�J� JoH�JV i��E+_ JWM�O�g� K9H�J.E+_

ÔAvey mvC` Ly ix (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, GB D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ (wZwb e‡jbwb, ga¨ nÕ‡Z| A_©vr Zviv gymwjg bv‡gB _vK‡e) Ggb GK `j †jvK †ei n‡e, Zv‡ì Qvjv‡Zi mv‡_ †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì QvjvZ‡K nxb g‡b Ki‡eÕ| Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q,


39 39 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Ô†Zvgv‡ì †h †KD Zvi wb‡Ri QvjvZ‡K Zv‡ì Qvjv‡Zi Zzjbvq Ges

wb‡Ri wQqvg‡K Zv‡ì wQqv‡gi Zzjbvq Zz”Q Ávb Ki‡e| Zviv KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e| wKš‘ Zv Zv‡ì KÉbvjx AwZµg Ki‡e bv| Zviv Bmjvg †_‡K †ewi‡q hv‡e, abyK nÕ‡Z Zxi †ewi‡q hvIqvi b¨vq| ...Zviv gymjgvb‡ì nZ¨v Ki‡e I g~wZ©c~Rvix‡ì †Q‡o w`‡e (A_©vr Zv‡ì wei“‡× hy× Ki‡e bv)| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Avwg hw` Zv‡ì †cZvg, ZvnÔ‡j Aek¨B ÔAv` RvwZi b¨vq Zv‡ì nZ¨v KiZvgÕ|28 Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ÔQvg~ RvwZi b¨vqÕ ( eyLvi x nv/ 4 351 )|

Avjx (ivt) †_‡K Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, O�O�HzE�E� K$ K�Kl< K?�E�M�� g3H�JV I¤�E!H&JS U��K?�E�H�J� Z]�EBJWO� U��K3J�H&J� J?�I��IaE� H K� K�H�El KbH�JV K�M�K�E,U��

J?*Z]E�UaE� J?<H�IaU�� J2 OxK*�E\O� HAOE�K �E�E&� IVO�H8E�J?� E K� K �L!�� E8JX O�O�H8E� OAHBM(�� E K� K�M�K�M�� J�K@J$ HAO�O8O��KaJ� HAO�I.O�UV�J$ R?K@J$ K$ HAKBK.H�JV �N�H JS H E8K� HAOBJ.E�JV E!H�K+ K7�

E3H�E� K�E��E�KaU��_ ÔAv‡Lix hvgvbvq Zi“Y eqmx GK`j †evKv †jvK †ei n‡e, hviv c„w_exi mePvB‡Z my›ì K_v ej‡e| Zviv KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e, wKš‘ Zv Zv‡ì KÉbvjx AwZµg Ki‡e bv| Zviv KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e| wKš‘ Zv Zv‡ì KÉbvjx AwZµg Ki‡e bv| Zviv Øxb †_‡K `ª“Z †ewi‡q hv‡e, †hgb abyK nÕ‡Z Zxi †ei n‡q hvq| hLb †Zvgiv Zv‡ì cv‡e, ZLb Zv‡ì nZ¨v Ki‡e| †Kbbv G‡ì nZ¨vKvixi Rb¨ Avj−vn&i wbK‡U wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b we‡kl cyi¯‹vi i‡q‡QÕ|29 GB nZ¨v miKvix Av`vj‡Zi gva¨‡g nÕ‡Z n‡e ( H , ki n beex, g g ©v_ ©)|

D‡j−L¨ †h, Lv‡iRx‡ì wei“‡× ewY©Z nv`x‡Qi AvwaK¨ ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡q‡Q|30

28. eyLvix nv/6931, 3610, 7432; gymwjg nv/1064; wgkKvZ nv/5894; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/5642 Ôdvhv‡qj I kvgv‡qjÕ Aa¨vq|

29. gymwjg nv/1066 (154) ÔhvKvZÕ Aa¨vq-12 ÔLv‡iRx‡ì nZ¨v Kivq Drmvn cÖ vbÕ Aby‡”Q`-48; mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY 575 c„.|

30. kv‡Z¡ex, Avj-BÔwZQvg, ZvnKxK : mvjxg web C` Avj-†njvjx (mE`x Avie : `vi Be‡b Avddvb 1412/1992), 1/28 c„. UxKv-3|



ejv Avek¨K †h, G‡ì cÖ_g hy‡Mi †bZv eby Zvgxg †Mv‡Îi hyj-LyIqvB‡Qivn bvgK R‰bK b¨vovgyÊ Nb k¥kÖ“avix gymwjg (?) e¨w³ Bqvgb †_‡K Avjx (ivt) †cÖwiZ MYxg‡Zi gvj eÈ‡bi mgq ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K K>UbK!H+ ÔBbQvd KiÕ Ges K>K�MC j7� ÔAvj−vn‡K fq KiÕ - e‡j Dc‡`k w`‡qwQj ( eyLvi x nv/ 361 0, 4 351 )| G‡ìB weivU GKwU `j‡K nhiZ Avjx (ivt) bvn‡ivqvb hy‡× nZ¨v K‡iwQ‡jb| G‡ì †jv‡KivB nhiZ Avjx I gyÔAvweqv (ivt)-†K ÔKvwdiÕ AwfwnZ K‡i Avjx (ivt)-†K nZ¨v K‡iwQj Ges gyÔAvweqv (ivt) fvM¨µ‡g †eu‡P wM‡qwQ‡jb| ÔwRnv‡ìÕ bv‡g G‡ì Pigcš’x AvK¡x`v‡K D‡¯‹ w`‡q Kv‡qgx ¯v_©ev`xiv Zv‡ì nxb ¯v_© D×v‡ii †bkvq AÜ n‡q †M‡Q| AvwacZëv`x I mvgªvRëv`x kw³ I Zv‡ì †`vmi †`kx-we‡`kx Kv‡qgx ¯v_©ev`x‡ì †_‡K RvwZ mveavb!

miKv‡ii wei“‡× AcZrciZv )��HD� ZW[ �\�+�� 6�]'��( :

†`‡ki b¨vqm½Zfv‡e cÖwZwôZ miKv‡ii wei“‡× mk ¿ †nŠK ev wbi ¿ †nŠK †h‡Kvb ai‡bi AcZrciZv, lohš¿ I we‡ ªvn Bmjv‡g wbwl×| eis miKv‡ii RbKj¨vYg~jK †h‡Kvb b¨vqm½Z wb‡ ©k †g‡b Pj‡Z †h‡Kvb gymwjg bvMwiK eva¨| wKš‘ †Kvbiƒc ¸bv‡ni wb‡ ©k gvb¨ Ki‡Z †Kvb gymjgvb eva¨ bq| †Kbbv Ômªóvi Aeva¨Zvq m„wói cÖwZ †Kvbiƒc AvbyMZ¨ †bBÕ|31 Z‡e Abyiƒc Ae ’vq miKv‡ii wei“‡× we‡ ªvn Kiv hv‡e bv| eis Zv‡K mwVK c‡_i mÜvb w`‡Z n‡e, Dc‡`k w`‡Z n‡e, cÖwZev` Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ms‡kva‡bi m¤¢ve¨ mKj cš’v Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb D‡¤§ mvjvgvn (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb,

H E+ L3IS E�J�E8J. H�J��JV : Jb�JV Ib�O�E� K7� R.E; Z7� K9H�J.E+ EAR.E�E* : I?�I�E� HAI�H�J.E+ ISE�Z]�E� J?�I$K�H�EC �J?*O�K�H�OCE* H E8J$ E�J�"JS H!JaJ$ �E¥K�E� H E�E* E6K�JX H!JaJ$ �EAK.E� H K�J�E*

H E� E[KfE� �E�E��ECE* ��I��JV : �J$JS I.O�UaE"�HAOB Jb�JV : 2 �E� R.E;H�� 2 �E� R.E;H��_E* K$ K�E*E��i�K� O8H(K.iA : J�J$JS HAOBI.KC�JaO"�

31. 2 J�E+�Jh i��I.HzE8K� [K$ K��K5H�E� K�K��dJu� kviûm mybœvn, wgkKvZ nv/3696; H, e½vbyev` nv/36 Ô†bZ…Z¡ I c`gh©v`vÕ Aa¨vq 7/251 c„.|


41 41 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Ô†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ A‡bK kvmK n‡e, hv‡ì †Kvb KvR †Zvgiv fvj g‡b

Ki‡e, †Kvb KvR g›` g‡b Ki‡e| G¶‡Y †h e¨w³ H g›` Kv‡Ri cÖwZev` Ki‡e, †m gyw³ cv‡e| †h e¨w³ H KvR‡K Acm›` Ki‡e, †mI wbivcËv cv‡e| wKš‘ †h e¨w³ H g›` Kv‡R mš‘ó _vK‡e I Zvi AbymiY Ki‡e| QvnvexMY ej‡jb, Avgiv wK ZLb H kvmK‡ì wei“‡× hy× Kie bv? ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb bv| hZ¶Y Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i| bv, hZ¶Y Zviv QvjvZ Av`vq K‡iÕ|32

ÔAvDd web gvwjK (ivt)-Gi eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, �E� ��O��JVJS OAI��K$ J�M5��J4 �J�K>E* HAO�H�JSE� H K� J2O*HAI�KC ��H�EG O9E"�OE�U�EC ��OE�UX�J$ O9J.E8E+ J2E* ��O+K�H�EC �N!E� H K� i�E+�Jh

ÔhZ¶Y Zviv †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ QvjvZ Kv‡qg iv‡L| AZtci †Zvgiv hLb †Zvgv‡ì kvmK‡ì wbKU †_‡K Ggb wKQz †`L‡e, hv †Zvgiv Acm›` Ki, ZLb †Zvgiv Zvi Kvh©‡K Acm›` Ki; wKš‘ Zv‡ì †_‡K AvbyM‡Zï nvZ wQwb‡q wb‡qv bvÕ|33

G¶‡Y hw` miKvi cÖKv‡k¨ Kzdix K‡i, ZvnÕ‡j Zvi wei“‡× we‡`ªvn Kiv hv‡e wK-bv, G wel‡q `yÕwU c_ i‡q‡Q| (1) hw` kvmK cwieZ©‡bi ¶gZv Av‡Q e‡j `„p wek¦vm I wbwðZ ev¯—eZv _v‡K, ZvnÕ‡j †mUv Kiv hv‡e| (2) hw` Gi d‡j mgv‡R AwaK Akvwš— I wek„sLjv m„wói AvksKv _v‡K, ZvnÕ‡j Qei Ki‡Z n‡e I hveZxq b¨vqm½Z cš’vq miKvi‡K mwVK c‡_ cwiPvwjZ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e, hZw`b bv Zvi PvB‡Z DËg †Kvb weKí mvg‡b Av‡m| Gi ØvivB GKRb gywgb Avj−vn&i wbKU †_‡K `vqgy³ nÕ‡Z cvi‡eb| wKš‘ hw` wZwb Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` bv K‡ib, miKvi‡K Dc‡`k bv †`b, eis Ab¨v‡q Lykx nb I Zv †g‡b †bb, ZvnÕ‡j wZwb †MvbvnMvi n‡eb I Avj−vn&i wbK‡U wbwðZfv‡e `vqe× _vK‡eb| g~jZt GUvB nÕj Ôbvwn ÔAvwbj gybKviÕ-Gi `vwqZ¡ cvjb| hw` †KD Sv‡gjv I SMovi ARynvZ †`wL‡q GKvR †_‡K `~‡i _v‡Kb, Z‡e wZwb KziAvbx wb‡`©‡ki we‡ivwaZv Kivi `v‡q Avj−vn&i wbK‡U ˆKwdq‡Zi m¤§yLxb n‡eb|

32. kviûm mybœvn nv/2459; gymwjg nv/1854; wZiwghx nv/2265; wgkKvZ nv/3671, Ô†bZ…Z¡ I c` gh©v`vÕ Aa¨vq; H, e½vbyev` Ô†bZ…Z¡ I c` gh©v`vÕ Aa¨vq nv/11, 7/233 c„.|

33. gymwjg nv/1855; wgkKvZ nv/3670 Ô†bZ…Z¡ I c` gh©v`vÕ Aa¨vq|



kvmK ev miKvi‡K mwVK civgk© †Ìqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zvi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ me© v Avj−vn&i wbK‡U †`vÔAv Ki‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv kvm‡Ki Rb¨ †n`vqv‡Zi †`vÔAv Kiv m‡e©vËg Bev`Z I †bKxi KvR mg~‡ni Aš—f©y³| `vDm †Mv‡Îi kvmK nvexe web ÔAvgi hLb ej‡jb †h, ÔAvwg Rvwb GKRb m„wóKZ©v Av‡Qb| wKš‘ wZwb †K Avwg Rvwb bvÕ| ZLb D³ †Mv‡Î ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbhy³ `vC Zzdv‡qj web ÔAvgi `vEmx (ivt)

G‡m ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡jb, H�E�JSE* H�E5E+E* H�J�J.E H!JV �N�H*E� R?K>HAKBH�J.E+ j7� OFH��J$ Ô†n Avj−vn&i ivm~j! `vDm †MvÎ aŸsm n‡q †M‡Q| Zviv bvdigvb n‡q‡Q I Avj−vn‡K A¯xKvi K‡i‡Q| AZGe Avcwb Zv‡ì wei“‡× e` †`vÔAv Ki“bÕ| Rev‡e ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zv‡ì Rb¨

Kj¨v‡Yi †`vÔAv K‡i ej‡jb, HAKBK� K�U��E* �N�H*E� K!H� MAOBR.�J� Ô†n Avj−vn! Zzwg `vDm †MvÎ‡K †n`vqvZ Ki Ges Zv‡ì‡K wdwi‡q Av‡bvÕ| c‡i †`Lv †Mj †h, 7g wnRix‡Z Lvqei weR‡qi mgq Zzdv‡qj web ÔAvgi (ivt) ¯xq †Mv‡Îi 70/80 wU cwievi wb‡q ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi ìev‡i nvwhi nÕ‡jb| hv‡ì g‡a¨ wQ‡jb nhiZ Avey ûivqiv `vDmx (ivt)| hw` †mw`b `vDm †MvÎ e` †`vÔAvq aŸsm n‡q †hZ, ZvnÕ‡j gymwjg D¤§vn nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt)-Gi gZ GKRb †kªô nv`xQÁ gnvb Qvnvexi Ag~j¨ wL`gZ nÕ‡Z ewÂZ nÕZ|34

Bmjvg GKwU wek¦Rbxb ag©| c„w_exi cÖwZwU RbemwZ‡Z Bmjvg cÖ‡ek Ki‡e|35 abxi myD”P cÖvmv‡` I e —xevmxi cY©KzwU‡i Bmjv‡gi cÖ‡ekvwaKvi _vK‡e evavnxb MwZ‡Z| wK¡qvgZ ch©š— GK`j nKcš’x gywgb gvbyl‡K Lv‡jQ ZvInx‡ì `vIqvZ w`‡q hv‡eb ( gymw j g nv/ 1 92 0)| hwÌ Zv‡ì msL¨v Kg n‡e| Ae‡k‡l Bgvg gvn`xi AvMg‡bi d‡j I Cmv (Avt)-Gi AeZiYKv‡j c„w_exi †Kv_vI

34. Qnxn eyLvix (w`j−x Qvcv : 1405 wn./1985 L„.) 2/630 c„. UxKv-11 Ôhy× weMÖnÕ Aa¨vq Ô`vDm I Zzdv‡qj web ÔAvgi `vDmxi NUbvÕ Aby‡”Q`; Avngv` Avj-K¡vmZ¡vjvbx (851-923), Avj-gvIqv‡neyj jv`ywbœqvn (wgmix Qvcv : gvKZvev ZvIdxwK¡qvn, Zvwe) 1/587|

35. Avngv` nv/23865; Qnxn Beby wneŸvb nv/6701; wgkKvZ nv/42|


43 43 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ ÔBmjvgÕ e¨ZxZ Avi wKQzB Aewkó _vK‡e bv| Bmjv‡gi GB AMÖhvÎv

Zvi ivóªxq kw³i e‡j n‡e bv, eis GUv n‡e Zvi wbLv` ZvInx`x `vIqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y| gvbeiwPZ weavbmg~‡ni cix¶v-wbix¶vq RR©wiZ I wbw®úó gvbeZvi ¶zä DÌv‡bi Kvi‡Y Ges Avj−vn&i weav‡bi cÖwZ ev›`vi wPiš—b AvbyMZ¨kxj ü`‡qi †PŠw¤K AvKl©‡Yi Kvi‡Y| hZw`b c„w_ex‡Z GKRb ZvInxèv`x nKcš’x gywgb †eu‡P _vK‡eb, ZZw`b wK¡qvgZ n‡e bv| c„w_exi Zver ¶gZvai e¨w³ I kw³ej‡qi PvB‡Z GKRb ZvInxèv`x gywg‡bi gh©v`v Avj−vn&i wbK‡U A‡bK †ekx| hvi m¤§v‡b Avj−vn c„w_ex‡K wUwK‡q ivL‡ebÕ|36 m ye n v bv j−v wn Iqv we n v gw` n x|

AZGe †h ai‡bi iv‡óªB emevm Kwi bv †Kb, cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡ nÕj RbM‡Yi wbK‡U ZvInx‡ì `vIqvZ †cuŠQv‡bv| GKRb c_‡fvjv gvby‡li AvK¡x`v I Avg‡ji cwieZ©b ivóªkw³ cwieZ©‡bi PvB‡Z AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib,

K7�E�J$ U?J�J� EPK!HBE� Z7� ETK� �O E� �N!K&�E* g�H�El ETJ� H K� U?JS J?�I�E� ETJ� O�H8O& KAE�M�� ÔAvj−vn&i Kmg! hw` †Zvgvi Øviv Avj−vn GKRb †jvK‡KI †n`vqvZ `vb K‡ib, Z‡e †mUv †Zvgvi Rb¨ m‡e©vËg jvj D‡Ui PvB‡ZI DËg n‡eÕ|37

fvi‡Z gymjgv‡biv mv‡o Qq‡kv eQi ivRZ¡ K‡i‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k Bs‡iRiv 190 eQi ivRZ¡ K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ AvK¡x`v cwieZ©‡bi †¶‡Î Zv Lye mvgvb¨B cÖfve †dj‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Q| AZGe ivóªkw³i †Rv‡i bq, Bmjvg cÖwZwôZ n‡e Zvi Aš—wb©wnZ Av`wk©K kw³i †Rv‡i| Z‡e Avj−vn&i weavb mg~‡ni c~Y©v½ ev¯—evqb I gvbeZvi mvwe©K Kj¨vY mva‡bi Rb¨ ivóªkw³ AR©‡bi †h‡Kvb êa cÖ‡Póv cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Dc‡i Aek¨ KZ©e¨| ZLb †mB Bmjvgx miKv‡ii cÖavb `vwqZ¡ n‡e ZvInx‡ì cÖPvi-cÖmvi I Zvi h_v_© ev¯—evqb| g~jZt ZvInx‡ì DcKvwiZv I wki‡Ki AcKvwiZv Zz‡j aivB Bmjvgx miKvi I gymwjg

36. gymwjg nv/148; wgkKvZ nv/5516| 37. eyLvix nv/3009; gymwjg nv/2406; wgkKvZ nv/6080 ÔgvbvwK¡eÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-1|



D¤§vn&i cÖavb KZ©e¨| GB `vwqZ¡ RvgvÔAvZe×fv‡e cvjb Kivi cÖwZB ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) we‡klfv‡e wb‡`©k w`‡q †M‡Qb|

eZ©gvb hy‡M hviv Pigcš’x Ges `jxq ivRbxwZ‡Z wek¦vmx, Zviv ey‡jU †nŠK wKsev e¨vjU †nŠK †hb‡Zb cÖKv‡iY ¶gZv `L‡ji ¯‡cœ we‡fvi _v‡Kb| Av`‡k©i ev bxwZ-ˆbwZKZvi K_v GLb Zv‡ì gy‡L Avi †Zgb †kvbv hvq bv| ci¯ú‡ii wei“‡× †bvsiv Mvwj-MvjvR, MxeZ-†ZvngZ, K¨vWvievwR, A¯¿evwR, Puv`vevwR, †UÊvievwR, †evgvevwR, niZvj-ag©NU, Mvox fvsPzi I jyUZivR, me©Î †bZ…Z¡ `Lj I `jxqKiY G¸wjB GLb ivRbxwZi Awe‡”Q`¨ A‡½ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| †h‡Kvb g~‡j¨ ¶gZv †c‡ZB n‡e| GgbwK Ô¶gZv nv‡Z bv †c‡j Øxb Kv‡qg n‡e bvÕ Ggb GKUv Db¥Ë †PZbv wKQz †jvK‡K me© v Zvwo‡q wdi‡Q| A_P ev¯—‡e †`Lv †M‡Q †h, GBme Bmjvgx †bZviv hLbB ¶gZvi GKUy ¯v` †c‡q‡Qb, ZLbB Zv‡ì Bmjvgx †Rvk D‡e †M‡Q| †`‡k cÖPwjZ wkiK I we`ÔAvZ mg~n‡K Zviv Ô†`kvPviÕ-Gi bv‡g wbwe©ev‡` nhg K‡i wb‡”Qb| GgbwK nvjvj-nviv‡gi gZ †gŠwjK welq¸wj‡ZI Zuv‡ì †Kvbiƒc D”PevP¨ Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq bv| eû Kw_Z Øxb Kv‡q‡gi A_© wK ZvnÕ‡j wb‡Ri ev wbR `‡ji Rb¨ `yÕGKUv Gg.wc. ev gš¿x‡Z¡i †Pqvi Kv‡qg Kiv? wKsev `jxq †jvK‡ì miKvix PvKzix ev †UÊvi I K›Uªv±ixi eë¯’v Kiv? eZ©gv‡bi evsjv‡`kx ev¯—eZv Avgv‡ì †Zv †mK_vB e‡j †`q|

Øxb Kv‡q‡gi fyj e¨vL¨vi †MvjK auvauvq c‡o Gfv‡e eû †jvK c_ nvwi‡q‡Q| eZ©gv‡b wRnv‡ì fyj e¨vL¨v w`‡q wKQz Zi“Y‡K mk¯¿ we‡`ªv‡n D‡¯‹ †Ìqv n‡”Q| evc-gv, Ni-evox GgbwK †jLv-cov †Q‡o Zviv e‡b-R½‡j Nyi‡Q| Zv‡ì eySv‡bv n‡”Q QvnvexMY †jLv-cov bv K‡iI hw` wRnv‡ì gva¨‡g RvbœvZ †c‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e AvgivI †jLv-cov bv K‡i wRnv‡ì gva¨‡g RvbœvZ jvf Kie| wK PgrKvi †auvKvevwR! Bn~ x-wLªóvb-eªvþYëv`x †Mvôx AvaywbK wk¶vq wkw¶Z n‡q GwM‡q hvK, Avi Awkw¶Z gymwjg Zi“Yiv Zv‡ì †evgvi Amnvq †LvivK †nŠK- GUvB wK kÎ“‡ì D‡Ïk¨ bq? wKš‘ GBme Zi“Y‡ì eySv‡e †K? Iiv †Zv GLb wRnv` I Rvbœv‡Zi Rb¨ cvMj!


45 45 BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ Zv‡ì wRnv` Kv‡ì wei“‡×?... Z‡e GUv me mgq †kvbv hvq Zv‡ì

Uv‡M©U nÕj AgyK ÔAvn‡jnv`xQÕ †bZv| KviY ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjbÕ-Gi †bZvivB †Kej I‡ì fyj awi‡q †Ìqvi †Póv K‡ib| RbMY‡K I‡ì †bc_¨ bvqK‡ì m¤ú‡K© ûuwkqvi K‡ib| I‡ì we‡`kx A_© I A‡¯¿i †hvMvb`vi‡ì m¤ú‡K© mveavb K‡i _v‡Kb|38

wg_¨v dhxj‡Zi †auvKv w`‡q Ges ZvK¡ xi I Zvejx‡Mi fyj e¨vL¨v w`‡q †hgb nvhvi nvhvi gymjgvb‡K wbw®Œq K‡i c‡_ c‡_ wPj−vq Nyiv‡bv n‡”Q, Øxb Kv‡q‡gi bv‡g †hgb AmsL¨ gvbyl‡K A‰bmjvgx ivRbxwZi †bvsiv †Wª‡b nveyWyey LvIqv‡bv n‡”Q, gvÔ‡idv‡Zi bv‡g Kvk&d I Bjnv‡gi gvqv-gixwPKvq †hgb AmsL¨ †jvK‡K LvbK¡vn I Keic~Rvq e›`x K‡i †djv n‡q‡Q, ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi bv‡g †hgb gymjgvb‡ì nvZ w`‡qB Bmjvg‡K RvZxq msm` †_‡K †ei K‡i gmwR‡` e›`x Kiv n‡q‡Q, †Zgwb mv¤cÖwZKKv‡j wRnv‡ì †auvKv w`‡q eû Zi“Y‡K †evgvevwR‡Z bvgv‡bv n‡”Q| AZGe †n RvwZ! mveavb nI!

Dcmsnvi )�^X�( :

cwi‡k‡l eje †h, Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi cÖ wk©Z c×wZB Øxb Kv‡q‡gi mwVK c×wZ| wb‡Ri Ges wb‡ew`ZcÖvY wKQz mv_xi w`b-ivZ wbiš—i `vIqvZ I Av‡cvlnxb wRnv`x ZrciZvi gva¨‡gB wZwb Rv‡njx Avi‡ei wkiKx mgv‡R ZvInx` cÖwZôv Ki‡Z m¶g n‡qwQ‡jb| hy‡M hy‡M †mc‡_B ZvInx` Kv‡qg n‡q‡Q, BbkvAvj−vn AvRI n‡e| `vIqv‡Zi Rb¨ GKK e¨w³B h‡_ó| wKš‘ wRnv‡ì Rb¨ mvwe©K cÖ‡Póv Acwinvh©, hv‡K ÔmsMVbÕ ejv nq| Avi †mLv‡b wM‡qB Avj−vn&i ivm~j

38. Gi ev —eZv Avgiv †`‡LwQ 2005 mv‡j| hLb Av`wk©K gyKvwejvq e¨_© n‡q ¶gZvmxb gWv‡iU Bmjvgcš’xiv ag©wbi‡c¶ RvZxqZvev`x eo `jwUi Nv‡o †P‡c wb‡R‡ì jvwjZ R½x‡ì Avovj Kivi Rb¨ ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`kÕ-Gi Avgxi mn Ab¨‡ì‡K ÔwMwbwcMÕ evwb‡qwQj Ges Zv‡ì Dci ee©i wbh©vZb Pvwj‡qwQj Pig wg_¨vi Avkªq wb‡q| d‡j msMV‡bi Avgxi‡K 3 eQi 6 gvm 6 w`b XvKv mn †`‡ki 7wU KvivMv‡i nvRZ evm Ki‡Z nq Ges gvgjv Pvjv‡Z nq 8 eQi 8 gvm 28 w`b (w e —vw iZ † `Lyb : R ½ xe v` I mš¿vme v‡ì w e i“‡× ÔA vn ‡j n v`xQ A v‡›`vj b Õ-Gi f~w g K v 35-36 c„. )|



(Qvt) Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q Zuvi Abymvix‡ì wbKU †_‡K evqÔAvZ I A½xKvi MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges gymwjg D¤§vn‡K me© v RvgvÔAvZe× Rxeb hvc‡bi Ges Avgx‡ii Av‡`k kªeY I Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q †M‡Qb|39 GgbwK †Kvb wbR©b f~wg‡Z wZbRb gymjgvb _vK‡jI GKRb‡K ÔAvgxiÕ †g‡b wb‡q Zuvi Av‡`k g‡Z myk„sLjfv‡e Pjvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|40 AvRI hw` †KD Avš—wiKfv‡e Øxb Kv‡qg Ki‡Z Pvb, Z‡e Zv‡K H c×wZ a‡iB G‡Mv‡Z n‡e, †h c‡_ ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) GwM‡qwQ‡jb| PvB wZwb evsjv‡`‡k emevm Ki“b, PvB wfb‡`‡k emevm Ki“b| me©v‡MÖ Zv‡K wb‡Ri e¨w³ Rxe‡b I cvwievwiK Rxe‡b Øxb Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡e| ivóªxq ch©v‡q Øxb Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ †h‡Kvb b¨vqm½Z cš’v Aej¤b Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ ÔZvInx` cÖwZôvi GKgvÎ c_ nÕj Ômk ¿ msMÖvgÕ ÔBmjvgx ûK‚gZ Kv‡qg KivUvB nÕj BK¡vg‡Z Øxb I me‡P‡q eo Bev`ZÕ Ôivóª Kv‡qg bv Ki‡Z cvi‡j c~Y© gywgb nIqv hv‡e bvÕ, GB me aviYvB nÕj Pigcš’x Lv‡iRx AvK¡x`vi Abyiƒc| hv Avn‡jmybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAvZ Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi AvK¡x`v ewnf©~Z| Avj−vn Avgv‡ì‡K mwVK c‡_i †n`vqvZ `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!

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Ôhw` Zzwg gynv¤§v‡ì Abymvix nI, Z‡e Avwg ne †Zvgvi GB c„w_ex †Kvb welq bq, jIn-Kjg meB †ZvgviÕ

(A_©vr Avj−vn ej‡Qb, hw` Zzwg gynv¤§v‡ì c~Y© Abymvix nI, Z‡e Zzwg †Kej GB c„w_exi gvwjK bI, eis †Zvgvi ZvK¡ x‡ii gvwjK n‡e)|- BK evj , R Iq v‡ e w kK Iq vn|

39. Avngv` nv/17209; wZiwghx nv/2863; wgkKvZ nv/3694| 40. Avey vE` nv/2608; Avngv` nv/6647; wgkKvZ nv/3911; Qnxnvn nv/1322|



BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ- GK bh‡i ) �� :�� 7 ? (

(1) Øxb Kv‡qg nq g~jZt e¨w³i AvK¡x`v I Avg‡j| mgv‡R I iv‡óª Øxb Kv‡qg nIqvi mv‡_ GwU kZ©hy³ bq| Z‡e Zv wbtm‡›`‡n mnvqK I cwic~iK| Avi ivóª¶gZvq AwawôZ cÖ‡Z¨K gymwjg e¨w³i Dc‡i Bmjvgx weavb cÖwZôv Kiv Zvi Cgvbx `vwqZ¡|

(2) Øxb Kv‡q‡gi GKgvÎ j¶¨ n‡e ÔRvbœvZÕ| Ab¨ wKQz bq| Bmjvgx ivóª Kv‡qg nÕ‡jI †mwU n‡e Zvi `vIqv‡Zi `ywbqvex cyi¯‹vi A_ev cix¶v|

(3) Øxb Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ GKK cÖ‡Póv h‡_ó bq| eis mg‡eZ cÖ‡Póv Acwinvh©| hv‡K ÔmsMVbÕ ejv nq|

(4) Bmjvgx msMVb ev RvgvÔAvZ-Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb nÕj Avgxi, gvg~i, evqÔAvZ I GZ¡vÔAvZÕ A_©vr Cgvb`vi †bZv, Kg©x, A½xKvi I AvbyMZ¨|

(5) kvwš—i mg‡q K_v, Kjg I msMV‡bi gva¨‡g Øxb Kv‡q‡gi me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z n‡e|

(6) ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi cÖ wk©Z c×wZB mgv‡R Øxb Kv‡q‡gi mwVK c×wZ| Gi evB‡i †Kvb wKQzB MÖnYxq bq|

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†jLK : gynv¤§v` Avmv yj−vn Avj-Mvwje 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb wK I †Kb? 5g ms ‹iY (20/=) 2. H, Bs‡iRx (40/=) 3. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb: DrcwË I µgweKvk; `w¶Y Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Zmn (W±‡iU w_wmm) 200/= 4. QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt), 4_© ms ‹iY (100/=) 5. H, Bs‡iRx (200/=) 6. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-1, 2q ms ‹iY (120/=) 7. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-2 (100/=) 8. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-3 [mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy ªY] 450/= 9. Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 30Zg cviv, 3q gy ªY (300/=) 10. wdiK¡v bvwRqvn, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=) 11. BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ, 2q ms ‹iY (20/=) 12. mgvR wec−‡ei aviv, 3q ms¯‹iY (12/=) 13. wZbwU gZev`, 2q ms ‹iY (25/=) 14. wRnv` I wK¡Zvj, 2q ms ‹iY (35/=) 15. nv`x‡Qi cÖvgvwYKZv, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=) 16. ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev`, 2q ms ‹iY (25/=) 17. Rxeb `k©b, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=) 18. w`M`k©b-1 (80/=) 19. w`M`k©b-2 (100/=) 20. `vIqvZ I wRnv`, 3q ms¯‹iY (15/=) 21. Aviex K¡v‡q`v (15/=) 22. AvK¡x`v Bmjvwgqvn (10/=) 23. gxjv` cÖm½, 5g ms ‹iY (10/=) 24. k‡eeivZ, 4_© ms ‹iY (15/=) 25. Avk~iv‡q gynviig I Avgv‡ì KiYxq (10/=) 26. D`vË AvnŸvb (10/=) 27. ˆbwZK wfwË I cÖ —vebv, 2q ms ‹iY (10/=) 28. gvmv‡q‡j Kzievbx I AvK¡xK¡v, 5g ms ‹iY (20/=) 29. ZvjvK I Zvnjxj, 2q ms ‹iY (20/=) 30. n¾ I Igivn (30/=) 31. Bbmv‡b Kv‡gj, 2q ms ‹iY (20/=) 32. Qwe I g~wZ©, 2q ms ‹iY (30/=) 33. wnsmv I AnsKvi (30/=) 34. we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z mveavb, Aby: (Aviex) -kvqL web evh (20/=) 35. bqwU cÖ‡kœi DËi, Aby: (Aviex) -kvqL Avjevbx (15/=)| †jLK : gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx 1. AvK¡x`v‡q gynv¤§v`x, 5g cÖKvk (10/=)| †jLK : †kL AvLZvi †nv‡mb 1. mvwnwZ¨K gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx, 2q ms¯‹iY (18/=)| †jLK : kvn gynv¤§v` nvexeyi ingvb 1. m~ (25/=) 2. H, Bs‡iRx (50/=)| †jLK : Avãyj−v‡nj Kvdx Avj-†Kvivqkx 1. GKwU c‡Îi RIqve, 3q cÖKvk (12/=)| †jLK : gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Qnxn wKZvey †`vÔAv, 3q ms¯‹iY (35/=) 2. mv‡o 16 gv‡mi Kviv¯§„wZ (40/=)| †jLK : W. gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg 1. âh© : ¸i“Z¡ I Zvrch© (30/=) 2. ga¨cš’v : ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv (30/=) 3. a‡g© evovevwo, Aby: (D ~©) -Avãyj Mvddvi nvmvb (18/=)| †jLK : kvgmyj Avjg 1. wkïi evsjv wk¶v| Abyev K : Avãyj gv‡jK 1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b weR‡qi ¯iƒc, Aby: (Aviex) -W. bv‡Qi web †mvjvqgvb (30/=) 2. †h mKj nvivg †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (35/=) 3. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gvn, Aby: -gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (25/=) 4. gybvwdKx, Aby: -gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (25/=) 5. cÖe„wËi AbymiY, Aby: -gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (20/=)| †jLK : b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Bnmvb Bjvnx hnxi (30/=) 2. kviC BgviZ, Aby: (D ~©) 20/=| †jLK : idxK Avngv` 1. Amxg mËvi AvnŸvb (80/=) 2. Avj−vn ¶gvkxj (30/=)| Abyev K : Avngv yj−vn 1. Avn‡jnv xQ GKwU ewkó MZ bvg, Aby: (D ~©) -hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (50/=)| Avj-†niv wkíx‡Mvôx 1. RvMiYx (25/=)| M‡elYv wefvM nv.dv.ev. 1. nv x‡Qi Mí (25/=) 2. M‡íi gva ‡g Ávb (50/=) 3. Rxe‡bi mdim~Px (†ÌqvjcÎ) 15/= 4. Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe † vÔAv mg~n (H) 40/=| cÖPvi wefvM : Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`k 1. R½xev` I mš¿vmev‡ì wei“‡× ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjbÕ-Gi f~wgKv (25/=)| GQvovI i‡q‡Q cÖPvicÎ mg~n|

Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ cÖKvwkZ eB mg~n


0 bkvg‡z Øxb : c i c×wz...

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