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The Mechanical Engineering Handbook SeriesSeries Editor

Frank KreithConsulting Engineer

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Inverse Engineering HandbookKeith A. Woodbury

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No claim to original U.S. Government worksInternational Standard Book Number 0-8493-0861-5

Library of Congress Card Number 2002067743Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

Printed on acid-free paper

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Inverse engineering handbook / edited by Keith A. Woodburyp. cm. -- (The Mechanical engineering handbook series)

Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8493-0861-5 (alk. paper)1. Engineering mathematics--Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Inverse problems

(Differential equations)--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Woodbury, Keith A. II. Series.

TA647 .D45 I575 2002620

′

.001

′

51535--dc21 2002067743

0861_frame_DISC Page 1 Monday, August 19, 2002 10:47 AM

Foreword

In 1990, a group of seven American researchers in inverse problems, led byProf. J. V. Beck of Michigan State University, was invited to Moscow, USSR,to participate in a conference to be held in September in the resort area ofSuzdal. The seven participants, in addition to Jim Beck, were Patricia Lamm,Edward Hensel, Norman McCormick, Nicholas Zabaras, Diego Murio, andmyself, Keith Woodbury. This was an interesting and perhaps somewhatdangerous time to be traveling to Moscow, after the fall of the Berlin Wallin 1989 but before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, where wewitnessed firsthand the realities of failures and shortcomings in the commu-nist system: chronic shortages of durable goods, food, and even drinkingwater. The trip was of little value scientifically, because, although the officiallanguages of the conference were Russian and English, it was a simple factthat all of the presentations were delivered in Russian, which no one in ourparty could understand. However, the cultural value of the trip, manifestedby the awesome fact that

large numbers

of researchers

all over the world

weremaking use of inverse problem techniques to harvest information from ex-periments, was priceless.

Also participating in the Suzdal conference was Martin Raynaud, aFrenchman who had studied at the University of Nantes and had also spenta year studying with Prof. Beck at Michigan State University. Through Martinand Jim Beck, I learned that at Nantes there was a special school for thestudy of thermal inverse problems, Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénieur enThermique-énergétique et Matériaux (ISITEM), headed by J. P. Bardon. Oneof the professors at ISITEM that I would come to know over the next decadeis Yvon Jarny.

It was clear to me, and other Americans in the scientific party, that theUnited States was behind other countries, notably Russia and France, inutilization of inverse problem techniques for information gathering.

Following the trip to Moscow in 1990, Prof. Beck was successful in gain-ing financial support from the National Science Foundation for a Joint U.S.-Russian Workshop on Inverse Problems. This was after the dissolution of theSoviet Union and the rejection of communism by the majority of Russians.“Normalization of relations” and scientific exchange were part of the argu-ment for having the workshop; the other part was the fact that the U.S. hasso much to learn from the Russians and the French about inverse problems.

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So, in June 1992, the Joint American-Russian NSF Workshop on InverseProblems in Heat Transfer was held at Michigan State University. Seventeenresearchers participated in the workshop: seven Americans, including JimBeck, George Dulikravich, Diego Murio, and Keith Woodbury; five Russians,including Oleg Alifanov and Aleksey Nenarokomov; four Frenchmen, in-cluding Martin Raynaud and Yvon Jarny; and one Czech (my good friend,Miroslav Raudensky). The first two days of the workshop consisted of pre-sentations by participants of problems of their own interest, and there waslittle communal sense of any outcome of the workshop. However, on theevening of the second day, a large proportion of the participants met infor-mally at a roadhouse adjacent to the MSU campus and began to formulatea set of objectives for the future. The resulting 12 points were known brieflyas the “Chicken Wing Objectives,” in recognition of the feast over whichthey came to life.

One of the 12 objectives is “Dissemination of Inverse Problems Methodsand Application.” This objective called for a journal dedicated to inverseproblems, and that portion of the objective has been realized for some timenow through

Inverse Problems in Engineering

, edited by George Dulikravich.However, this objective also called for handbooks for inverse problems.*

Also needed are handbooks of results on heat and masstransfer parameter estimation . . . . There are no suchhandbooks for specialists.

…it would be very useful to prepare and publish aspecial encyclopedia about problem statements, math-ematical studies, solutions, and experimental applica-tion of inverse heat transfer problems. The handbookswould involve the main mathematical aspects, state-ments of the problems, methods and algorithms oftheir solution, required [partial] recommendations fortheir application, and test examples . . . .

This handbook attempts to fulfill this stated objective.

Keith A. Woodbury

Tuscaloosa, AlabamaApril, 2002

* Beck, Alifanov, et al., “Final Report: Joint American-Russian NSF Workshop on Inverse Prob-lems in Heat Transfer,” Michigan State University, MSU-ENGR-92-008, June, 1992.

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About the Editor

Keith A. Woodbury

is an Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineeringat the

University of Alabama. He holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in MechanicalEngineering from the University of Alabama and earned his Ph.D. in Me-chanical Engineering from Virginia Tech (VPI&SU) in 1984. From 1984 to1988, Dr. Woodbury conducted research in the Metallurgical Research Divi-sion of Reynolds Metals Company before joining the faculty of the Universityof Alabama in August 1988. Dr. Woodbury has been active in research inthe area of inverse problems since coming to the University of Alabama. Hehas organized or helped organize five seminars, three international confer-ences, and numerous conference sessions on the subject of inverse problems.His participation in three additional international conferences on inverseproblems is relevant, particularly two held in Russia (Suzdal, 1991, and St.Petersburg, 1994). Dr. Woodbury is an active member of the American So-ciety of Mechanical Engineers’ K-20 Committee on Computational HeatTransfer and is a member of the Editorial Board for the journal,

InverseProblems in Engineering

.

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Contributors

James V. Beck

Michigan State University

George S. Dulikravich

University of Texas–Arlington

Ashley Emery

University of Washington

A. Haji-Sheikh

University of Texas–Arlington

Yvon Jarny

University of Nantes

Thomas Martin

Pratt & Whitney Engine Company

Diego A. Murio

University of Cincinnati

Aleksey Nenarokomov

Moscow Aviation Institute

Keith A. Woodbury

University of Alabama

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Dedication

This book is dedicated to all who labor for advancement of inverse methodologies, especially to those who gave their time and talent to

contribute to this handbook.

Many thanks to Cindy Carelli at CRC Press for her patience and understanding while the text was being pulled together. Thanks also

to Jamie for his encouragement during some dark times.

Special thanks to Ajay, who helped with text formatting, and Hoon-voon and Alan, who helped type some equations.

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Contents

Chapter 1 Sequential methods in parameter estimation

James V. Beck

Chapter 2 Sequential function specification method using future times for function estimation

Keith A. Woodbury

Chapter 3 The adjoint method to compute the numerical solutions of inverse problems

Yvon Jarny

Chapter 4 Mollification and space marching

Diego A. Murio

Chapter 5 Inverse heat conduction using Monte Carlo method

A. Haji-Sheikh

Chapter 6 Boundary element techniques for inverse problems

Thomas J. Martin, George S. Dulikravich

Chapter 7 The effect of correlations and uncertain parameters on the efficiency of estimating and the precision of estimated parameters

Ashley Emery

Chapter 8 Optimal experiment design to solve inverse heat transfer problems

Aleksey V. Nenarokomov

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