01 lecture mt 9-s-15 'defination & history of ompt' by abdul ghafoor sajjad

ABDUL GHAFOOR SAJJAD 1

LECTURE NO 01 MANUAL THERAPY

DPT 9th Semester

Dr Abdul Ghafoor Sajjad HOD/Assistant Professor

Riphah Rehabilitation Center

IIMC-T, Pakistan Railway Hospital

RCRS, RIU

HISTORY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY & MANAUAL THERAPY

LECTURE NO 01


IN THIS LECTURE

• Definition of Manual Therapy

• History of Manual Therapy

• Special Features

• Overview


Manual Therapy

• To work with one's hands

• Skillful handling with the hands to give a therapeutic effect

• Manual therapy uses hands-on techniques to improve ROM in restricted joints. It is also used to stimulate the function of muscles, nerves, joints, and ligaments.


Kaltenborn Definition

• Orthopedic Medicine

–Diagnosis and treatment of Musculoskeletal condition

• OMT

–Physical Therapy Specialty

– Important Part of Orthopedic Medicine

– Is devoted to the evaluation and treatment of joint and related soft tissue disorders


IFOMPT definition of OMT

“Orthopaedic Manual Therapy is a specialized area of physical therapy for the management of neuro-musculo-skeletal conditions, based on clinical reasoning, using highly specific treatment approaches including manual techniques and therapeutic exercises.”


HISTORY OF MANUAL THERAPY


In ancient Greece the forefathers of today’s physicians served Asklepios (Asclepias), the god of medicine.


• Hippocrates, Father of Medicine

–460-355 B.C. –Wrote “On Setting Joints by

Leverage” –Spinal Traction –Reduction of dislocated shoulders


• Avicenna (also known as the doctor of doctors) from Baghdad (980–1037 CE) He compiled a book named Quanun (The Canon of Medicine ).


Persian philosopher Ibn Sīnā (Avicenna)

Avicenna's tomb in Hamadan, Iran. ABDUL GHAFOOR SAJJAD 17

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicenna

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamadan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran

Stamping Weighing Salt


Bone Setters (period of 1600-early 1900‟s)

• Friar Thomas

– published, “The Complete Bone-Setter”, 1656

– No formal training – Techniques passed down

within families – Clicking sounds thought to

be due to moving bones back into place


James Paget, one of the most famous surgeons of the 19th century, suggested that doctors would do well to observe bonesetters and learn from them what is good and avoid what is bad


• Wharton Hood – 1871, “On Bone-setting”

• first such book by an orthodox medical practitioner

• Hood thought snapping sound was due to breaking adhesions

• Precedes Osteopathy and Chiropractic

• Teach By Richard Hutton (Bone Setter)


Osteopathy

• Andrew Still founded Osteopathy in 1874

–1892 founded the first school of Osteopathy in Kirksville, Missouri

– “Rule of the Artery”


Chiropractic Founded 1895 • DD Palmer applied an

“adjustment” to Harvey Lillard in September 1895 to the T4 vertebra that resulted in restoration of lost hearing

• D. D. Palmer (1845 -1913), founder of Chiropractic. "The Chiropractor's Adjuster," 1910.

• “The Law of the Nerve” • Palmer School of Chiropractic

founded in 1897 in Davenport, Iowa


• Thomas Walmsley (1927) started to use the term arthrokinematics He noted among other things that the articular surfaces of joint are incongruous except in one special position (Walmsley‟s Law)


History of Manual Therapy Physical Therapy in Sweden (1813)

• Per Henrik Ling “Father of Swedish Gymnastics” founded Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics (RCIG) in 1813

• Practitioners came from throughout Europe to learn PT techniques at RCIG including Jonas H. Kellgren (1837-1916) (Grandfather to James Cyriax)


History of Manual Therapy

• In 1887, PTs were given official registration by Sweden's National Board of Health and Welfare

• In 1889, the Society for Practising Heligymnastics was founded in Netherlands

• In1894, Chartered Society of Physiotherapy was founded in England

• In 1906, Australian Massage Association was founded



• Mary McMillan, 1st president of APTA (founded 1921)

• The four branches of physiotherapy: “namely

1. Manipulation to muscle and joint,

2. Therapeutic exercise

3. Electrotherapy and

4. Hydrotherapy



Williams (Flexion)

• Dr. Paul Williams first published his exercise program in 1937 for patients with chronic low back pain.

• Williams‟ flexion exercises have been a cornerstone in the management of lower back pain for many years for treating a wide variety of back problems, regardless of diagnosis or chief complaint.



Robin A McKenzie

• In the 1960s, the physical therapist Robin Anthony McKenzie in New Zealand noted that a subset of his patients experienced significant pain relief when the spine was extended as the part of a treatment.

• Founded the McKenzie Institute in 1982

• The McKenzie Method classifies musculoskeletal problems into three categories.



James Cyriax

• Use selective tension techniques to identify faulty structures in the examination.

• Emphasizes the need for soft tissue massage and frequently uses injection of muscle trigger points.

• Believes the disc is the primary cause of low back pain.

• Started to use the term endfeel.



Geoffrey Maitland

• “Vertebral Manipulation”, 1964 • Emphasis is placed not on the

technique of treatment but on a basic philosophy-a thought and decision making process, involving analytical examination and assessment on which treatment decisions are based.

• Oscillatory techniques (Grades I-V) ABDUL GHAFOOR SAJJAD 33


Ola Grimsby • Ola Grimsby has received

international recognition for his expertise as both a clinician and instructor in orthopaedic manual therapy.

• He was Norway's first executive member of IFOMPT and a founding member of the American Academy of OrthopaedicManual Physical Therapy. ABDUL GHAFOOR SAJJAD 34


James Mennel

• Feels that „joint play‟ is key to normal function.

• He emphasizes the importance of the small accessory movements as necessary for full movement to occur.



Brian Mulligan • Mobilization with movement • Concept of mobilizations with

movement (MWMS) in the extremities and sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) in the spine.

• Physical therapist applied passive physiological movements and accessory techniques in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries.



Freddy Kaltenborn • First to relate manipulation to

arthrokinematics • Physical educator in Germany in

1945; Physical therapist in Norway in 1949.

• Educated in orthopaedic medicine by James Mennel & James Cyriax from 1952-1954

• Qualified in chiropractic in Germany in 1958

• Qualified in osteopathy at the London school of osteopathy with Dr. Stoddard in 1962



Freddy Kaltenborn (Cont;) • He develop the Nordic OMT

system with the collaboration of Dr.Mennell and Dr.Cyriax in the 1940.

• His major contributions was the use of biomechanical principles in patient evaluation and treatment.

• Convex- concave rules • Ergonomic principles for the

Therapist ABDUL GHAFOOR SAJJAD 38


Freddy Kaltenborn (Cont;)

• In the 1950s the first pneumatic high-low adjustable treatment table was designed by kaltenborn for manual therapists.

• Treatment techniques and tools were developed for efficiency and safety, including fixation belts, wedges etc.



Kaltenborn-Evjenth approach

• It is based on a systematic review

and integration of experiences in

the field of Orthopaedic Medicine

(Cyriax), Ostheopathy, Chiropractic,

Medical Training Therapy, PNF,

Muscle Energy Technique and

Sport Physiotherapy.



K-E I (Kaltenborn-Evjenth International)

• Kaltenborn-Evjenth International was founded October 01, 2000.

• It is an association for instructors in Orthopedic Manual Therapy (OMT).



Stanley Paris • Founding member of

AAOMPT and first president of the Orthopaedic Section

• Maitland, Kaltenborn, and Paris established long term Manual Therapy education programs for PTs in the USA and abroad


Where do we go from here

• Evidence Based Practice • Physical Therapists are the leaders in the

diagnosis and management of “Movement Disorders”

• Evidence shows that manipulation and exercise are PTs most useful tools

• Professional Associations promote and protect scope of practice

• Legislation needs to be changed to acknowledge the fact that PT‟s can diagnoses.



IFOMPT • Subgroup WCPT • Formed in 1974 • IFOMPT provides world-

wide promotion of excellence and unity in clinical and academic standards for manual/musculoskeletal physiotherapists.


Pakistan

PPTA


PAKISTAN


• Established in 1955 with the help of WHO by ministry of health and social welfare in JPMC Karachi.

• Initiated by Governor General of Pakistan Ghulam Muhammad

• First Principal madam zulikha Subhani.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANUAL THERAPY IN

PAKISTAN


• 2 years diploma after secondary school- 1955

• Eligibility: Secondary school certificate (10 years of schooling)


PAKISTAN


• 3 years diploma-1961

• 3 years degree(BSc-PT) affiliated with Karachi university-1963

• 4 years degree(BS,PT) affiliated with Karachi university-1999


PAKISTAN


First Batch of DPT

• The First batch of Doctor of Physical Therapy(DPT) at Riphah Started spring 2008

• 40 students enrolled in the program

• Graduating fall 2012.


DPT CURRICULUM COMMITTEE OF

HEC • 11 senior

members (including HEC officials )from all over the country

• Public sector: 6

• Private sector: 5


Riphah Contribution

• 100-Riphah graduates with PP-DPT (M.Phil Equivalency awarded by HEC) serving the country educational institutes and hospitals.

• Awarded the Dr.title for Physical Therapy professionals

• Introduced the innovative programs (DPT, PP-DPT, MS-OMPT, MS-NMPT, MS-CPPT and MS-SLP)


Riphah Contribution • Honored the physical therapy professionals for the

first time in the country with academic titles Asst. Professors and Associate Professor up to Professor.

• Recognized physical therapists as Rehab professionals with respect and dignity

• Enormous financial support for the Physical Therapists national organization and workshops

• Rehab House Officers

• Post Graduate Trainees


References


01 lecture mt 9-s-15 'defination & history of ompt' by abdul ghafoor sajjad

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