01 wimax introduction

WiMAXWiMAX IntroductionIntroduction

Samsung ElectronicsSamsung Electronics

Copyright © SAMSUNG Electronics Co.

IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

Copyright © SAMSUNG Electronics Co. 2Copyright © SAMSUNG Electronics Co. 2

What is Mobile WiMAX?What is Mobile WiMAX?

WiMAX: Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

WirelessWireless

BroadbandBroadbandMobilityMobilityWirelessWireless yy


WiMAX StandardsWiMAX Standards

IEEE 802.16 - MAC/PHY Fixed WiMAX: IEEE 802.16-2004 Air Interface Standard

Cost-effective alternative or complement to cable and DSL Mobile WiMAX: IEEE 802.16e-2005 Amendment

Features and attributes to support mobility

WiMAX Forum to Promote WiMAX business WiMAX Forum to Promote WiMAX business SPWG (Service Providers Working Group)

High-level requirements TWG (Technical Working Group)

Release 1.0 system performance and certification profiles based on 802.16e 2.3-2.4 GHz, 2.496-2.690 GHz, and 3.4-3.6 GHz freq. bands

NWG (Network Working Group) High-level networking specifications for end-to-end operationg g p p


Why Mobile WiMAX (802.16e)?Why Mobile WiMAX (802.16e)?

Mobile WiMAX Will Meet Emerging Customer Need

for Mobile Internet

Broadband,but Fixed

3G is Mobile,but Narrowband

Offers Varying Levels of B db d D t V i & Vid


Broadband Data, Voice, & Video for Multiple Devices and Usage

Models

Comparison with Other TechnologiesComparison with Other Technologies

Low TCO(Total Cost of Ownership)

Low TCO(Total Cost of Ownership)

All IP-basedSimple N/W ArchitectureLow cost spectrum

PDA, Smartphone,PCMCIA, CPE,

Mobile RouterVarious DeviceVarious Device

vs.3G

vs.3G

vs. Fixedvs. Fixed

(Total Cost of Ownership)(Total Cost of Ownership)

MobilityMobilityHigh ThroughputFast Connection Time

Data/Voice RoamingLBS, Mobile Office

DeviceDevice

3G Cellular

3G Cellular

MobileWiMAXMobileWiMAX

WiMAXWiMAX Mobility SupportMobility Support

Premium ServicePremium Service

Broadcasting Service

(802.16/16e)(802.16/16e)vs.

LTEvs.

LTEvs.Wi-Fivs.Wi-Fi

OutstandingQualityOutstandingQuality

Scheduling MACSeamless H/OQoS / Security (802.11)(802.11)

Easier Easier

Advanced TimingAdvanced Timing

QoS / SecurityWide coverage

Numbers of commercialand trial deployment


MaintenanceMaintenanceHigh AvailabilityRemote Monitoring

Global WiMAX StatusGlobal WiMAX Status

438 operators are operating orwill operate WiMAX network in 126 countries

149

# of Operators by regions

Fi ed149 Fixed

7384

48

84

48

F : 35M : 4

F : 74M : 12

F : 42M : 5

F : 20M : 7

F : 38M : 21 Commercial


APAC CALA EU MEA NA(Source : WiMAX Forum, Aug. ‘08)

Mobile WiMAX PositioningMobile WiMAX PositioningMobile WiMAX PositioningMobile WiMAX Positioning

1995 2000 2010+2005

4G 4G

2G

Fast3G

MobileMobileWiMAWiMA

XX

4G IMT-

Advanced

4G IMT-

Advanced3G 3G LTELTE

2G(Digital)

(IMT-2000) XX

W ANWLAN(5GHz) W AN

802.11a/g

~ 14.4 kbps 144 kbps 384 kbps

802.11bSlow

802.11n

WLAN(2.4GHz)

PAN

(5GHz) WLAN(5GHz)


100 Mbps20 Mbps384 kbps1Gbps

Mobile WiMAX Technology RoadmapMobile WiMAX Technology Roadmap Al d A li d K T h l i f IMT Ad d (4G) Already Applied Key Technologies of IMT-Advanced (4G)

OFDMA, MIMO, All-IP Network Architecture

1000

100 OFDMA-MIMODL 344Mbps,UL 88Mbps@40/20/10MHz

TDDDL 276Mbps UL 150Mbps@20/10MHz FDD

20OFDMA

DL 276Mbps,UL 150Mbps@20/10MHz FDDSpec. targets up to

Nomadic 1Gbps / Mobile 100MbpsOFDMA-MIMO10MHz TDD (2:1)

DL 37.44 MbpsUL 10.08 MbpsOFDMA

10MHz TDD (2:1)DL 19.97 MbpsUL 5.04 Mbps

UL 10.08 Mbps


2006 2007 2010

Mobile WiMAX vs 3G CellularMobile WiMAX vs 3G Cellular

Similar technology

Comparable performance

OFDMA, IP core

MIMOIMS


O

Salient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient FeaturesSalient Features


Summary Summary –– Salient FeaturesSalient Features Hi h D t R t d C A High Data Rates and Coverage Area:

OFDM, MIMO, BF, Adaptive Modulation & Coding, HARQ, etc Peak DL/UL data rates up to 37Mbps/10Mbps in a 10MHz channel

End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS): Service Flows map to DiffServ code points Frame-by-frame flexible air scheduling, 5 different traffic types

Mobility: Optimized handover Latency = 50 ~ 100 ms and packet buffering Ensure real-time applications without service degradation

All IP network: Simple & scalable, low delay Fast Connection Time

Idle to Awake transition (QCS) is 8 faster than HSDPAIdle to Awake transition (QCS) is 8 faster than HSDPA Best in class Security


Various MIMO technologiesVarious MIMO technologies

BF (Beam Forming) BF (Beam Forming) Weighted signals combined constructively at Rx for low mobility

STC (Space Time Coding) Diversity combining at Rx for high mobility Diversity combining at Rx for high mobility

SM (Spatial Multiplexing) Capacity increase by min(#Tx ant, #Rx ant), CSM @UL


OFDM allows the best performance of MIMO

MIMO Adaptive Mode SwitchingMIMO Adaptive Mode Switching STC increases coverage while SM increases capacity STC increases coverage while SM increases capacity Adaptive switching between MIMO-A and MIMO-B is necessary

SM is only applicable in 64QAM (when CINR is better than STC 64QAM 5/6 case) in Samsung BS systems

MCS

MIMOd Modulation modulation

dcode

t repetitionmode Modulation order rate repetition

QPSK 2 0.50 6QPSK 2 0.50 4QPSK 2 0.50 2QPSK 2 0.50 1

STC

QQPSK 2 0.75 1

16QAM 4 0.50 116QAM 4 0.75 164QAM 6 0.50 164QAM 6 0 67 164QAM 6 0.67 164QAM 6 0.75 164QAM 6 0.83 1

SM64QAM 6 0.50 164QAM 6 0.67 1

Source: Motorola


64QAM 6 0.83 1Source: Motorola

MIMO Adaptive Mode SwitchingMIMO Adaptive Mode Switching

Modulation Code RatePeak Throughput

SIMO & STC(Mbps)

Peak ThroughputSM

(Mbps)(Mbps) (Mbps)

QPSK 1/12 0.53 1.06

QPSK 1/8 0.79 1.58

QPSK 1/4 1.58 3.17

QPSK 1/2 3.17 6.34

QPSK 3/4 4.75 9.50

16QAM 1/2 6.34 12.67

16QAM 3/4 9.50 19.01

64QAM 1/2 9.50 19.01

64QAM 2/3 12.67 25.34

64QAM 3/4 14.26 28.51

64QAM 5/6 15.84 31.68


HARQ HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest)(Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest)

Low redundancy (coding rate) first and send more if NAK Low redundancy (coding rate) first and send more if NAK Performance improvement in fading channel due to adaptive time diversity

Th h t f HARQ ith d bi i d di it bi i R 2/3 b d AWGNThroughput of HARQ with code combining and diversity combining: R=2/3 sub codes over AWGNMax iteration= 8, Information block size=496bits, Number of sub codes for combining=2

0 8

0.9

1

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

OU

GH

PUT

0.2

0.3

0.4THRO

0

0.1

-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Es/No (dB)


Conventional ARQ without Soft Combing

Chase CombingIncremental Redundancy

EndEnd--toto--end QoS supportend QoS support Ai i t f Air interface:

802.16e QoS parameters: max rate, min reserved rate, latency,… 5 QoS classes: UGS, ertPS, rtPS, nrtPS, BE S C Realized by Scheduling and Admission Control

Backhaul (Between ASN-GW and BS): Per-flow rate limiting and differentiated scheduling based on Ethernet CoS

Core network: ASN-GW marks/remarks IP DSCP on the packets when transmitting to or

receiving from the core networks

ACRAggregationSwitch/Router

IP/MPLSTransport Network

SS/MS RAS

CE

Core Network


WiMAX ASN BackHaul TransportCell Sites

QoS mapping examplesQoS mapping examplesQoS mapping examplesQoS mapping examples

Applications and QoS mapping between 802.16 MAC class, IP DSCP and Ethernet CoS-. Operator can configure mapping

h Application Characteristics MAC QoS IP DSCP Ethernet CoS

VoIP w/o silence

suppression,

Real time traffic with fixed rate (fixed-size packets generated periodically)

UGSpp ,E1/T1

p y)

EF

CoS6

VoIP with silence

suppression

Real time traffic with variable rate (variable-size packets generated periodically)

ertPS

MPEG video Real time traffic with variable rate (variable-size packets generated periodically)

rtPS CoS4

FTP Delay tolerant data traffic with FTP (premium

data service)

Delay-tolerant data traffic with bandwidth assurance nrtPS AF COS2

HTTP, e-mail

Data traffic without any QoS requirements

BE BE COS0


e mail requirements

Static QoS: SF ProvisioningStatic QoS: SF ProvisioningStatic QoS: SF ProvisioningStatic QoS: SF Provisioning

WSMBS AAAMS ASN-GW

Authentication

Per-Flow QoS profile & Classification rule configuration (configured by operator)Network entry

Authentication

Service flow (SF) provisioning: Download per-flow QoS ID list per user

Extract Per-SFQoS Profile

Diameter

R6DSA-REQ

DSA-RSP SF setupDSA-ACK


Per-SF QoS enforcementDSA : Dynamic Service Addition

Simple/Efficient Network ArchitectureSimple/Efficient Network Architecture

M WiMAXM WiMAX 3GPP WCDMA/HSPA3GPP WCDMA/HSPA

GGSNMSCASN GW

M-WiMAXM-WiMAX 3GPP WCDMA/HSPA3GPP WCDMA/HSPA

SGSNSGSN

GGSNMSC

All IP Network : No Hybrid Simplified : 4 NE 2 NE All IP Network : No Hybrid Simplified : 4 NE 2 NE

RNC

IP Low CAPEX/OPEX Low backhaul cost Low end-to-end delay

Low CAPEX/OPEX Low backhaul cost Low end-to-end delay

Node-BBS


Fast Connection TimeFast Connection Time D fi iti f C ti Ti Definition of Connection Time

Idle (dormant) to Awake (active) mode transition time

Connection Time Measurement Connection Time Measurement Mobile WiMAX enables 8 times faster connection time than HSDPA

M-WiMAX (WiBro): 282.4 ms average HSDPA: 2389.2 ms average

MM--WiMAXWiMAX 0.2 sec0.2 secClick! Ready!

HSPAHSPA 2.5 sec2.5 sec Click! Ready!


Fast Connection Time Fast Connection Time –– BenefitsBenefits Faster Response Time Faster Response Time

Applications with frequent idle/awake switching can have better response time when re-entering network

Applications adequate for fast connection time General Web access (download/read = awake/idle) PTx (Push-to-All: Talk/Multimedia) Instant Messaging Network-based interactive games

Hi h ff ti d t t f t i d ti Higher effective data rate = faster user-perceived response time

Download Time Effective Data Rate whendownloading 100 kbytes(1)

Mobile WiMAX 482 ms 1.7 Mbps (x6)

HSDPA 2859 ms 280 kbps

(1) Instantaneous download rate for this calculation : Mobile WiMAX – 4 Mbps, HSDPA – 1.7 Mbps

282ms 200ms

2389ms 470msMobile WiMAX


download time

HSPA

Time for connection Time for downloading

Fast Connection Time Fast Connection Time –– BenefitsBenefits Cell Capacity Increase Cell Capacity Increase

Mobile WiMAX system can configure shorter active timer HSPA system needs to maintain active state due to longer connection time for applications requiring

fast response. Longer battery lifetime Longer battery lifetime

Mobile WiMAX system uses resources more efficiently, thus, effective cell capacity increases

HSxPA

M-WiMAX

Connection time

Awake/Active download time

Wait for timer

timeResources can be allocated

for other connections.

per-connection status


Wait for timer

Fast Connection Time Fast Connection Time –– AnalysisAnalysis M bil WiMAX P id S t d R i Ch l Mobile WiMAX Provides a Separated Ranging Channel

In OFDM, high power allocation for initial ranging is possible In CDMA, ranging power is incrementally added


Fast Connection Time Fast Connection Time –– AnalysisAnalysis Mobile WiMAX Provides Fast Network Re-entry Procedurey

Mobile WiMAX Save the MS capability & MAC level session records as well as IP address Recover the stored information when coming back to awake mode

(capability negotiation is not required)(capability negotiation is not required)

HSDPA Connection re-setup is required for both (Node-B ~ RNC) and (RNC ~ SGSN) MS capability negotiation is necessary

Saving Location Saving Information Wakeup Process

MobileWiMAX ASN-GW

MS Capability MAC/IP Information

Radio resource update (only obtain a new connection identifier)

Connection setup for both Node-B~RNC

HSDPA SGSN MAC/IP Information

Connection setup for both Node B RNC and RNC~SGSN

MS Capability Negotiation Radio resource re-allocation for user

dedicated control channel and bearer channel


dedicated control channel and bearer channel

01 wimax introduction

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